CN109182669A - High hardness high toughness easily welds pre-hardening plastic die steel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High hardness high toughness easily welds pre-hardening plastic die steel and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109182669A CN109182669A CN201811401996.1A CN201811401996A CN109182669A CN 109182669 A CN109182669 A CN 109182669A CN 201811401996 A CN201811401996 A CN 201811401996A CN 109182669 A CN109182669 A CN 109182669A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
Abstract
A kind of high hardness high toughness easily welds pre-hardening plastic die steel and preparation method thereof, belongs to mould steel technical field.The specific chemical composition weight % of the steel is as follows: C:0.20~0.30%, Si:0.20~0.50%, S :≤0.030%, P :≤0.030%, Mn:1.0~2.0%, Ni:1.5~3.0%, Mo:0.5~1.5%, Cr:1.5~2.5%, V:0.1~1.0%, surplus are Fe and inevitable impurity.Advantage is, there is more excellent structural homogenity, higher pre-hardening hardness, high toughness, better welding performance, excellent combination property compared with prior art, the super-huge pre-hardening plastic die steel module of the higher polishing performance of suitable for making more high rigidity, pre-hardening problem of Cracking is effectively avoided, machinability is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to mould steel technical field, in particular to a kind of high hardness high toughness easily welds pre-hardening the modern designs of plastics
Has steel and preparation method thereof；Suitable for all kinds of super-huge high polishing performance Steel for Plastic Die.
Background technique
Pre-hardened plastic die steel is one of the important high-end kind in plastic die steel, due to being heat-treated with pre-hardening
State delivery, user can directly be processed into mold without being heat-treated again, avoid heat-treatment distortion and cracking, shorten
Die manufacturing cycle reduces production cost, is increasingly widely applied.It is in particular with automobile, electronic appliance mold
Demand of the Bulk plastic shaping dies of representative to large-scale pre-hardening plastic die steel is stepped up, as such plastic products are wanted
The raising asked, full-sized car, household electrical appliances pre-hardening plastic die steel development trend be that (mirror surface is bright and clean for enlargement and high polishing performance
Degree).Large-scale pre-hardening plastic die steel is up to 1300mm, width 1500mm, length 2000mm, monolithic tonnage using thickness
Reach 30t.The common use thickness of the common 3Cr2MnNiMo pre-hardening plastic die steel of tradition is 800mm or so, and pre-hardening is hard
Spend 32~36HRC, under bigger sectional dimension and higher pre-hardening hardness, toughness, harden ability and the even tissue of the steel
Property etc. performances it is insufficient, can not meet the needs of super-huge high polishing performance pre-hardening plastic mould well.Meanwhile mold is used
Die assembly welding and repair welding performance, the welding performance of traditional 3Cr2MnNiMo steel are more focused in family to be met the requirements well.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of high hardness high toughness easily to weld pre-hardening plastic die steel and its preparation side
Method is design Mn-Ni-Mo-V composite alloying high temperature precipitation strength high-performance pre-hardening plastic die steel.It is precipitated by high temperature
Strengthen, tempering hardness is delayed to reduce, obtains higher pre-hardening hardness.Pass through low C, the alloying of Mn-Ni-Mo-V composite alloying
Design obtains more high impact toughness, reduces element and microstructure segregation, and then obtains more preferably comprehensive performance, obtains excellent weldability
Energy.More excellent harden ability is obtained by Mn-Ni-Mo-V composite alloying.Invent a kind of tool of suitable for making especially big sectional plane size
One kind of the various aspects excellent combination properties such as standby high rigidity, high tenacity, harden ability, high polishability, excellent in machinability is novel to have welded
Connect pre-hardened plastic die steel.
The present invention has high rigidity, high tenacity, easily welding, high-hardenability, excellent machinability, Good All-around Property
Pre-hardened plastic die steel.
The present invention designs relatively low C content, and steel is made easily to obtain high tenacity, avoids causing since C content is excessively high partially
It analyses, large scale steel ingot center portion is avoided to form large particle carbide, realize the Cutting free processing of steel, realize that steel easily weld.If
Mn-Ni-Mo-V composite alloying technological means is counted, high temperature precipitation strength effect, the hardness for delaying martensite back to generate are generated
It reduces, obtains high pre-hardening hardness；Optimizing the configuration of its alloying element improves impact flexibility, improves crystalline structure segregation；Enhance steel
Through hardening performance.By the combination of the above comprehensive function, it is every to obtain a kind of hardness, toughness, harden ability, uniformity, processability
The easy welding pre-hardening plastic die steel haveing excellent performance.
The chemical component (weight %) of steel of the present invention is as follows: C:0.20~0.30%, Si:0.20~0.50%, S :≤
0.030%, P :≤0.030%, Mn:1.0~2.0%, Ni:1.5~3.0%, Mo:0.5~1.5%, Cr:1.5~2.5%,
V:0.1~1.0%, surplus are Fe and inevitable impurity.
The effect of above-mentioned each element and proportion are according to as follows:
C: solution strengthening element in pre-hardening plastic die steel, steel at room temperature after being quenched when the carbon content in steel is lower
Tissue be tiny lath martensite, the lath martensite of low-carbon is strong and tough, with the increase of carbon content, the satiety of martensite
Increase with degree, distortion degree increases, and for high carbon martensite generally in gill shape, hardness is higher.Higher carbon content will can damage
Lose impact flexibility.Carbon is the key element for influencing welding performance, and carbon content more high welding performance is poorer.In order to obtain higher punching
Toughness and better welding performance are hit, designs relatively low C content range 0.20~0.30% in the present invention.
Si: being added as deoxidant element, and content general control is 0.20~0.50%.
Mn: in large-scale pre-hardening plastic die steel, manganese is the harden ability element for improving steel, makes center portion that can also reach hope
Mechanical property.Suitable manganese can also effectively improve steel strength, eliminate the hot-short influence of sulphur, oxygen on steel, improve steel heat and add
Work performance, and improve the cold short tendency of steel.The present invention generates compound action using Mn-Mo-V alloying, into cementite,
Play the role of stable cementite, so that steel is obtained excellent anti-temper softening performance, and then obtain high pre-hardening hardness.Therefore originally
Mn content control 1.0~2.0% in invention.
Ni: nickel, which is important, improves harden ability element, can also improve toughness in certain steel.The present invention utilizes Mn-Ni-
Mo-V composite alloying generates compound action, and refined carbides increase harden ability, improves the impact flexibility and harden ability of steel.This
Determine that Ni content is 1.5~3.0% in invention steel.
Cr: chromium can replace the iron atom in cementite, form alloyed cementite or form alloy carbide with C, play
Carbide stabilizes and the effect of anti-temper softening.The main purpose of Cr is to improve anti-temper softening performance, improve and quench in the present invention
Permeability, the intensity for increasing steel.However addition Cr content must be strictly controlled, Cr is too high then to form alloy carbide with C, big
Segregation is easily generated in pattern block.Therefore comprehensively consider the above reason, control its content 1.5~2.5%.
Mo: molybdenum is post-curing carbide former, and the present invention is generated secondary by the compound precipitation strength effect of Mo, V
Hardening effect improves the pre-hardening hardness of steel.By Mn-Mo-V composite alloying, steel is improved to the drag of temper softening.Into
In alloyed cementite, alloyed cementite is delayed to grow up, refined carbides, and then improve impact flexibility.Molybdenum is also to the resistance to of improvement steel
Pitting corrosion is excellent, and addition molybdenum improves the pitting resistance of steel.Molybdenum reduce or inhibit because of other elements again caused by Temper brittleness
Property.The present invention controls Mo content 0.5~1.5%.
V: vanadium is also important post-curing carbide former, and the present invention is produced by the compound precipitation strength effect of Mo, V
Raw post-curing effect, improves the pre-hardening hardness of steel.By Mn-Mo-V composite alloying, improves steel and temper softening is resisted
Power.Into in alloyed cementite, alloyed cementite is delayed to grow up, refined carbides, and then improve impact flexibility.Vanadium or effective
Obstruction crystal grain grow up element, utilize vanadium fining austenite grains, improve impact flexibility.But when excess V being added in steel, then can
Increase element segregation, will form VC primary carbide when serious.Controlling V content in steel of the present invention is 0.1~1.0%.
P: phosphorus forms microsegregation in solidification of molten steel, and then when austenitizing temperature heats, segregation makes steel in crystal boundary
Brittleness significantly increase.Control P content 0.030% hereinafter, and content it is more lower better.
S: sulphur is inevitable impurity, forms FeS, carrys out red brittleness to steel band.Control S content 0.030% hereinafter,
And the lower content the better.
The present invention uses preparation method similar with the prior art:
Electric arc furnaces can be used in steel of the present invention, induction furnace is smelted, and molten steel is cast into steel ingot, can carry out electroslag weight as needed
It is molten, it is forged become a useful person or cogging after be rolled into stick, module, band steel etc..It is quenched and is tempered again heat and carry out pre-hardening heat treatment, reach
Hardness and military service performance requirement are used to expected.Steps are as follows:
(1) it smelts: carrying out melting using modes such as converter, electric furnace, induction furnace, external refining, electroslag remeltings, be cast into steel
Ingot carries out slow cooling or 800~900 DEG C of insulation annealing processing to steel ingot；
(2) it forges: ingot casting is sufficiently heated, with 30 DEG C/s~70 DEG C/s heating rate slow heating, heating temperature 1150
~1200 DEG C, 1150~1180 DEG C of initial forging temperature, final forging temperature must not be lower than 850 DEG C.
(3) it anneals: with 850~1000 DEG C of isothermal holdings after forging, 650 DEG C of ± 10 DEG C of heat preservations being cooled to slow 30 DEG C/s,
Furnace is cold to be lower than 400 DEG C and comes out of the stove；
(4) pre-hardening heat treatment process: in 860~920 DEG C of progress solution treatment, water cooling of coming out of the stove or oil are cooled to room temperature, then
In 540~650 DEG C of progress temperings；
(5) by 550~570 DEG C of tempering, it can be realized pre-hardening hardness >=41HRC, impact flexibility >=85J, tension is strong
Degree >=1350MPa.
The present invention has high rigidity, high impact toughness, easily welding, high polishing performance, excellent cutting compared with prior art
The advantages of excellent comprehensive performances such as performance.Compared with existing mold steel, steel of the present invention has higher obdurability, better through hardening
Performance, better welding performance, the super-huge pre-hardening module of suitable for making can better meet user demand.
Specific embodiment
Chemical composition ranges designed according to this invention have smelted 4 furnaces steel of the present invention on 25kg vaccum sensitive stove,
Specific chemical composition is as shown in table 1.Molten steel is cast ingot, and forged is madeBar.After steel annealing, it is processed into
Sample is quenched, tempering (860~950 DEG C of quenchings, 460~600 DEG C of tempering), and room-temperature mechanical property is shown in Table 2~6.
Steel of the present invention has under the premise of keeping high rigidity, has better toughness.
1. different temperatures tempering, invention steel 1#, 2#, 3#, 4# is than compared steel 5# more than 540 DEG C through mutually synthermal quenching
Temperature has higher tempering hardness, the linear downward trend of 5# compared steel hardness, and invention steel 1#, 2#, 3#, 4# tempering hardness has
Rise trend.(being shown in Table 3, table 4)
2. after 500~640 DEG C of tempering, invention steel 1#, 2#, 3#, 4# is preferably rushed than compared steel 5# through mutually synthermal quenching
Toughness is hit, the requirement of high rigidity pre-hardening more high tenacity can be better met.(being shown in Table 5, table 6)
3. after 560~640 DEG C of tempering, invention steel 1#, 2#, 3#, 4# preferably resists than compared steel 5# through mutually synthermal quenching
Tensile strength can better meet high-intensitive requirement.(being shown in Table 7)
The chemical component of table 1 embodiment and compared steel, weight %
The hardness number of 2 embodiment of table and the quenching of compared steel different temperatures
3 embodiment of table and compared steel quench the hardness number of different temperatures tempering at 880 DEG C
4 embodiment of table and compared steel are dissolved the hardness number of different temperatures timeliness at 920 DEG C
5 embodiment of table and compared steel are dissolved the impact flexibility of different temperatures tempering at 880 DEG C
6 embodiment of table and compared steel are dissolved the impact flexibility of different temperatures tempering at 920 DEG C
7 embodiment of table and compared steel are dissolved the tensile strength of different temperatures tempering at 880 DEG C
Illustrate:
(1) quenching carries out in chamber type electric resistance furnace, keeps the temperature 30 minutes, and oil is cold.
(2) different temperatures is tempered 2 hours, air-cooled.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of high hardness high toughness easily welds pre-hardening plastic die steel, which is characterized in that the specific chemical composition weight of the steel
Measure % are as follows: C:0.20~0.30%, Si:0.20~0.50%, S :≤0.030%, P :≤0.030%, Mn:1.0~2.0%,
Ni:1.5~3.0%, Mo:0.5~1.5%, Cr:1.5~2.5%, V:0.1~1.0%, surplus be Fe and inevitably it is miscellaneous
Matter.
2. high hardness high toughness described in a kind of claim 1 easily welds the manufacturing method of pre-hardening plastic die steel, feature exists
In the technical parameter of processing step and control is as follows:
(1) it smelts: carrying out melting using modes such as converter, electric furnace, induction furnace, external refining, electroslag remeltings, be cast into steel ingot,
Slow cooling or 800~900 DEG C of insulation annealing processing are carried out to steel ingot；
(2) ingot casting is sufficiently heated, is slowly heated with 30 DEG C/s~70 DEG C/s heating rate, 1150~1200 DEG C of heating temperature,
1150~1180 DEG C of initial forging temperature, final forging temperature must not be lower than 850 DEG C.
(3) it anneals: with 850~1000 DEG C of isothermal holdings after forging, 650 DEG C of ± 10 DEG C of heat preservations being cooled to slow 30 DEG C/s, furnace is cold
It comes out of the stove lower than 400 DEG C；
(4) pre-hardening heat treatment process: in 860~920 DEG C of progress solution treatment, water cooling of coming out of the stove or oil are cooled to room temperature, then 540
~650 DEG C of progress temperings；
(5) by 550~570 DEG C of tempering, it can be realized pre-hardening hardness >=41HRC, impact flexibility >=85J, tensile strength >=
1350MPa。
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| CN201811401996.1A CN109182669B (en) | 2018-11-22 | 2018-11-22 | High-hardness high-toughness easy-welding pre-hardened plastic die steel and preparation method thereof |
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| CN201811401996.1A CN109182669B (en) | 2018-11-22 | 2018-11-22 | High-hardness high-toughness easy-welding pre-hardened plastic die steel and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109706397A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-05-03 | 东北大学 | A kind of pre-hardened plastic mold steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN111809115A (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2020-10-23 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Super-thick plastic die steel with excellent impact corrosion wear resistance and preparation method thereof |
| CN111850399A (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2020-10-30 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Corrosion-resistant plastic die steel with good wear resistance and preparation method thereof |
| CN114411051A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-04-29 | 钢铁研究总院 | High-pressure-resistant and high-temperature-resistant needle valve body steel and preparation method thereof |
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| JP2003003234A (en) * | 2001-06-19 | 2003-01-08 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Free-cutting steel for plastic molding die having excellent machinability |
| CN104046915A (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2014-09-17 | 如皋市宏茂重型锻压有限公司 | Large-section high-performance hot work die steel for die casting and preparation technology thereof |
| CN104532154A (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2015-04-22 | 如皋市宏茂重型锻压有限公司 | High-hardness high-polishing pre-hardening plastic die steel and manufacture technology thereof |
| CN107974636A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-05-01 | 钢铁研究总院 | A kind of high rigidity high-hardenability pre-hardening plastic die steel and preparation method thereof |
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2018
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003003234A (en) * | 2001-06-19 | 2003-01-08 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Free-cutting steel for plastic molding die having excellent machinability |
| CN104046915A (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2014-09-17 | 如皋市宏茂重型锻压有限公司 | Large-section high-performance hot work die steel for die casting and preparation technology thereof |
| CN104532154A (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2015-04-22 | 如皋市宏茂重型锻压有限公司 | High-hardness high-polishing pre-hardening plastic die steel and manufacture technology thereof |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109706397A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-05-03 | 东北大学 | A kind of pre-hardened plastic mold steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN111809115A (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2020-10-23 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Super-thick plastic die steel with excellent impact corrosion wear resistance and preparation method thereof |
| CN111850399A (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2020-10-30 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Corrosion-resistant plastic die steel with good wear resistance and preparation method thereof |
| CN111809115B (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2021-09-14 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Super-thick plastic die steel with excellent impact corrosion wear resistance and preparation method thereof |
| CN111850399B (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2021-09-14 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Corrosion-resistant plastic die steel with good wear resistance and preparation method thereof |
| CN114411051A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-04-29 | 钢铁研究总院 | High-pressure-resistant and high-temperature-resistant needle valve body steel and preparation method thereof |
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