CN106978564A - A kind of precipitation hardening type plastic die steel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of precipitation hardening type plastic die steel and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
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Abstract
A kind of precipitation hardening type plastic die steel and preparation method thereof, belongs to mould steel field.The specific chemical composition (weight %) of the steel is as follows：C：0.08~0.25%, Si：0.8~1.5%, S：≤ 0.030%, P：≤ 0.030%, Mn：0.4~0.8%, Ni：2.0~4.0%, Mo：0~1.5%, Cr：1.0~2.8%, Cu：0.5~1.5%, Al：0.5~2.0%, V：0~0.2%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.The present invention has more high-strength tenacity and corrosion resisting property compared with prior art, and combination property is good.Handled by age-hardening, the steel can be obtained than existing Ni Cu Al systems precipitation-hardening steel, higher use hardness, higher impact flexibility, and more excellent corrosion resisting property, and combination property is more excellent.By the implementation of above technology, material combination property can be effectively improved, user's request is met.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of mold steel, more particularly to a kind of precipitation hardening type plastic die steel and its preparation side
Method, with corrosion resistance excellent combination property；Suitable for all kinds of high mirror finish performance Steel for Plastic Die.
Background technology
Present plastic products are widely used as the substitute of metallic article, and high-strength engineering plastic, superelevation are strong
Degree engineering plastics, a large amount of GF of addition resin demand are continuously increased.Quickly popularized with information technology (IT) product, it is related to IT
Join the plastic products used to be significantly increased, such as manufacture liquid crystal screen protection film, CD, DVD digital video disk.In plastic products
Pulling under, the demand of Steel for Plastic Die is continuously increased.Compared with the past, current plastic products require it is more stringent,
High optical mirror plane.Being combined precipitation hardening type plastic die steel as the Ni-Al-Cu of representative using 10Ni3MnCuAl steel can obtain
More than 8000# polishing performance is obtained, while having both good machinability, carve and electro-discharge machining, extensively should be obtained
With.However, the steel exists easily occurred heating, the problem of Cooling Holes corrosion resistance is poor, toughness is low when in use at present.The present invention's
Purpose is that invention possesses corrosion resistance and each side is integrated by adding corrosion resistance element Cr and reasonable disposition alloying element in right amount
The new age-hardening plastic mould steel of excellent performance.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of precipitation hardening type plastic die steel and preparation method thereof, possesses corrosion resistance excellent
Combination property.
According to above-mentioned purpose, the overall technical scheme of the present invention is：
The present invention is on the basis of 10Ni3MnCuAl steel, and addition element Cr simultaneously strictly controls its content, obtains corrosion resistance,
Have no effect on other performances；Add Mo elements, the M formed based on Mo elements2C-type carbide is post-curing effect in steel
Important precipitated phase, makes steel separate out M in ageing process by adding Mo elements2C-type carbide, the reinforcing effect of increase steel
Really, the precipitation-hardening hardness of steel is improved.Also increase the quenching degree of steel simultaneously, it is easy to produce large scale die steel；Add V members
Element, fining austenite grains improve impact flexibility.Thinning microstructure, improves polishing performance simultaneously.Make the mould steel corrosion resisting property again
With the mechanics such as good toughness, polishability and performance, and the pre-hardening plastic mould as high comprehensive performance is used
Steel, with good usability and application prospect.
According to above-mentioned purpose and overall technical architecture, the specific technical scheme of the present invention is：
The chemical composition (weight %) of steel of the present invention is as follows：C：0.08~0.25%, Si：0.8~1.5%, S：≤
0.030%, P：≤ 0.030%, Mn：0.4~0.8%, Ni：2.0~4.0%, Mo：0~1.5%, Cr：1.0~2.8%, Cu：
0.5~1.5%, Al：0.5~2.0%, V：0~0.2%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
The effect of above-mentioned each element and proportioning are according to as follows：
C：Carbon has a major impact to the obdurability of steel, it is when the carbon content in steel is relatively low quenched after steel at room temperature
Tiny lath martensite is organized as, the lath martensite body of low-carbon is strong and tough, with the increase of carbon content, the satiety of martensite
With degree increase, distortion degree increase, high carbon martensite is and hard and crisp typically in gill shape.Too high carbon content can be damaged
The welding performance of steel, the intensity that precipitation hardening steel is improved frequently by other alloying elements formation precipitation phase is added, only
Need relatively low phosphorus content.It with the addition of Mo elements in the present invention, one of main purpose is into M with C-shaped2C is carbide reinforced
Phase, it is therefore necessary to add C element in right amount, it is 0.08~0.25% to determine C content.
Ni：Important precipitation-hardening formation element in age hardening steel, by combining to form Ni with Al3Al intermetallics
Thing hardening constituent, is separated out in ag(e)ing process, steel is obtained the intensity and hardness of hope.In order to ensure steel result in 40HRC with
It is 2.0~4.0% that Ni contents are determined in upper hardness, steel of the present invention.
Al：Important precipitation-hardening formation element in age hardening steel, by combining to form Ni with Ni3Al intermetallics
Thing hardening constituent, is separated out in ag(e)ing process, steel is obtained the intensity and hardness of hope.In order to coordinate with Ni contents in invention steel,
It is 0.5~2.0% that Al content is determined in steel of the present invention.
Cu：Copper has two kinds of strengthening mechanisms, i.e. solution strengthening and aging precipitation reinforcing in steel.Before Ageing Treatment, greatly
Most copper are retained in supersaturated ferrite, play a part of solution strengthening.Through timeliness, copper is with the granulated of ε-Cu small and disperseds
Formula is separated out, and produces notable precipitation strength.Maxima solubilities of the Cu in α-Fe is 2.2%, is reduced with temperature, Cu is in α phases
Solubility drastically declines, and is that Cu generation Precipitation reinforcings create condition.The solution strengthening that often addition 0.1%Cu is produced is to iron
The contribution of ferritic intensity is only 3.8Pa.Separated out in steel per 1%Cu from oversaturated matrix, the intensity of steel rises 248MPa, this
One numerical value is much higher than solution strengthening effects of the Cu in steel.Therefore, Cu is added in invention steel and produces aging precipitation invigoration effect,
The content for controlling Cu is 0.5~1.5%.
Cr：Chromium is the important alloying element added in steel.The most significant functions of Cr are to improve the corrosion resisting property of steel, but simultaneously
It is easily reduced the plasticity and toughness of steel.Cr has two big places to go in steel, and a part can be added in ferrite, play solution strengthening
Effect, improve ferrite matrix intensity and hardness, increase corrosion resistance.Some displacement iron atom, forms alloy and oozes
Carbon body or with C-shaped into alloy carbide.A small amount of Cr can also refine bainitic steel Zhong M/A islands tissue in addition, improve M/A islands pair
The influence of steel obdurability.It is to increase the corrosion resistance of steel, especially cavitation erosion resistance energy that the main purposes of Cr are added in the present invention.But
Addition Cr contents must be controlled strictly, and Cr is too high then can be with C-shaped into alloy carbide, not only severe exacerbation impact flexibility, simultaneously
Solid solution Cr contents are reduced, prevent it from playing corrosion proof effect.Therefore consider above reason, control its content 1.0
~2.8%.
Mn：Manganese is mainly present in matrix with solution, the effect with strong stable austenite, is added in steel a large amount of
Mn after can obtain austenite structure at room temperature；γ phase regions and reduction A can be expanded when adding a small amount of Mn1And A3Balance phase
Temperature, can obtain relatively tiny ferrite crystal grain by reducing the finishing temperature of steel in mild steel；Mn can also improve steel
Quenching degree, with certain solution strengthening effect.Therefore control 0.4~0.8% is only needed to.
Si：Silicon is non-carbide former, and Si atomic substitutions solid solution effect can effectively reduce carbon in ferrite
Diffusion rate and solubility, though also carbon atom separate out be easier and spread it is relatively difficult, easily from carbonization in drawing process
Separate out and be enriched with around it in thing, so as to promote the formation of small carbide, and hinder the roughening of growing up of carbide at high temperature.Cause
This, design Si contents are 0.8~1.5%.
P：Phosphorus forms microsegregation in solidification of molten steel, and then when austenitizing temperature is heated, segregation, in crystal boundary, makes steel
Fragility significantly increase.P content is controlled below 0.030%, and content is more low better.
S：Sulphur is inevitable impurity, forms FeS, red brittleness is carried out to steel band.S contents are controlled below 0.030%,
And content is more low better.
Mo：Molybdenum has solution strengthening effect when being solid-solution in ferrite, the work of carbide stability is improved when forming carbide
With quenching degree can also be improved by being solid-solution in austenite.Molybdenum is important post-curing element, by high tempering in martensite
Mo is separated out in matrix2C-type carbide and form post-curing.Molybdenum can increase drag of the steel to temper softening, that is, improve
Steel belt roof bolt stability.In addition, influence of the molybdenum to temper brittleness is rather complicated.When existing as single alloying element in steel,
Molybdenum increases steel belt roof bolt fragility；But cause temper brittleness element with other, such as chromium, manganese and when depositing, molybdenum reduce again or suppress because
Temper brittleness caused by other elements.In steel of the present invention, Mo is separated out in ag(e)ing process beneficial to steel2C-type carbide is improved
The timeliness hardness of steel, and then polishing performance is improved, control Mo contents are 0~1.5%.
V：Vanadium and carbon, nitrogen have extremely strong affinity, form extremely stable carbonitride therewith, in steel also it is main with
The form of carbide is present.VC fusing point is 2830 DEG C.Therefore, VC being heated under higher austenitizing temperature can also have
Effect ground prevents crystal grain from growing up, while increasing the wearability of steel.Vanadium dissolves in as tungsten, molybdenum can improve α-Fe self-diffusion in matrix
Activation energy, its segregation is formed about air mass in dislocation line in addition, and sliding and dislocation that reciprocation prevents dislocation are produced with dislocation
Rearranging for network and form born of the same parents' shape substructure, add the recovery and recrystallization drag of martensite, increase temper resistance.But
When adding excess V in steel, then it can increase element segregation, VC primary carbides can be formed when serious.By V content in steel of the present invention
Control as 0~0.2%.
The preparation method of the present invention：Melting is carried out using modes such as electric furnace, induction furnace, external refining, electroslag remeltings, cast
Into steel ingot, slow cooling is carried out to steel ingot or 800~900 DEG C of insulation annealings are handled.Ingot casting is fully heated, temperature is raised not during heating
Must be more than 30 DEG C/s, heating-up temperature≤1250 DEG C, initial forging temperature≤1200 DEG C, final forging temperature >=850 DEG C.After forging with 900~
1000 DEG C of isothermal holdings, slowly cool to 650 DEG C of insulations, are furnace-cooled to and are come out of the stove less than 400 DEG C.Carried out again through solid solution and timeliness heat pre-
Hardening heat treatment, solution treatment, water cooling of coming out of the stove or oil cooling or air-cooled to room temperature are carried out at 860~900 DEG C, then at 500~560 DEG C
Carry out insulation Ageing Treatment.
The present invention has corrosion resisting property, high impact toughness, high polishing performance, excellent cutting performance etc. compared with prior art
The advantage of excellent comprehensive performance.Compared with existing mold steel, steel of the present invention has higher impact flexibility, more preferable polishability
Can, corrosion resisting property is provided simultaneously with, user's request can be better met.
Embodiment
Chemical composition ranges designed according to this invention, have smelted 3 stoves steel of the present invention on 25kg vaccum sensitive stoves, its
Specific chemical composition is as shown in table 1.Molten steel is cast ingot, and forged is madeBar.After steel annealing, it is processed into
Sample, through solid solution, Ageing Treatment (820~920 DEG C of solid solutions, 460~600 DEG C of timeliness), its room-temperature mechanical property is shown in Table 2~6.
Steel of the present invention has on the premise of high rigidity is kept, with more preferable toughness.
1. invention steel 1#, 2#, 3# has high solid solution hardness than compared steel 4#.(being shown in Table 2)
2. through mutually synthermal solid solution, different temperatures timeliness, invention steel 1#, 2#, 3# has high timeliness hard than compared steel 4#
Degree.(being shown in Table 3, table 4)
3. through mutually synthermal solid solution, after 520~560 DEG C of timeliness, invention steel 1#, 2#, 3# have more more preferable than compared steel 4#
Impact flexibility, can better meet mould steel more high tenacity use requirement.(being shown in Table 5, table 6)
The chemical composition of the embodiment of table 1 and compared steel, weight %
The embodiment of table 2 and the hardness number of compared steel different temperatures solid solution
The hardness number of the embodiment of table 3 and compared steel in 850 DEG C of solid solution different temperatures timeliness
The hardness number of the embodiment of table 4 and compared steel in 880 DEG C of solid solution different temperatures timeliness
The impact flexibility of the embodiment of table 5 and compared steel in 850 DEG C of solid solution different temperatures timeliness
The impact flexibility of the embodiment of table 6 and compared steel in 880 DEG C of solid solution different temperatures timeliness
Explanation：
(1) solid solution experiment is carried out in chamber type electric resistance furnace, is incubated 2 hours, air cooling.
(2) different temperatures timeliness 4 hours, air cooling.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of precipitation hardening type plastic die steel, it is characterised in that the specific chemical composition weight % of the steel is as follows：
C：0.08~0.25%, Si：0.8~1.5%, S：≤ 0.030%, P：≤ 0.030%, Mn：0.4~0.8%, Ni：2.0
~4.0%, Mo：0~1.5%, Cr：1.0~2.8%, Cu：0.5~1.5%, Al：0.5~2.0%, V：0~0.2%, surplus
For Fe and inevitable impurity.
2. the manufacture method of precipitation hardening type plastic die steel described in a kind of claim 1, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) smelt：Melting is carried out using modes such as electric furnace, induction furnace, external refining, electroslag remeltings, steel ingot is cast into, to steel ingot
Carry out slow cooling or 800~900 DEG C of insulation annealing processing.
(2) forge：Ingot casting is fully heated, temperature rise must not exceed 30 DEG C/s, heating-up temperature≤1250 DEG C, forging of beginning during heating
Temperature≤1200 DEG C, final forging temperature >=850 DEG C.
(3) anneal：With 900~1000 DEG C of isothermal holdings after forging, 650 DEG C of insulations are slowly cooled to, stove is cold to be less than 400 DEG C and come out of the stove.
3. the pre-hardening Technology for Heating Processing of precipitation hardening type plastic die steel and its manufacture method described in a kind of claim 1 and 2,
Its feature is as follows：
Pre-hardening Technology for Heating Processing：In 860~900 DEG C of progress solution treatment, water cooling of coming out of the stove or oil cooling or air-cooled to room temperature, then
500~560 DEG C of progress insulation Ageing Treatments.
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107974636A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-05-01 | 钢铁研究总院 | A kind of high rigidity high-hardenability pre-hardening plastic die steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN108048751A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-05-18 | 苏州浩焱精密模具有限公司 | A kind of high-temperature resistance die and preparation method thereof |
| CN109457118A (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2019-03-12 | 四川六合锻造股份有限公司 | A method of mitigating white point in 10Ni3MnCuAl steel |
| CN109468545A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-03-15 | 唐山中厚板材有限公司 | One kind plus the high polishability pre-hardening plastic steel plate for die of ni-type and its production method |
| CN109504896A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-03-22 | 如皋市宏茂重型锻压有限公司 | A kind of cupric height polishing pre-hardening plastic mould steel and its preparation process |
| CN110230009A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-09-13 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | A kind of hot die steel and preparation method thereof with good cutting |
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| CN110295332A (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2019-10-01 | 天津钢研海德科技有限公司 | A kind of pre- hard mold steel of the high mirror surface of high tenacity and its manufacturing process |
| CN110306122A (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2019-10-08 | 上海黑金刚实业有限公司 | A kind of novel high-strength material fish hook |
| CN111636037A (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2020-09-08 | 育材堂（苏州）材料科技有限公司 | Hot work die steel, heat treatment method thereof and hot work die |
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| CN114807774A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-07-29 | 育材堂（苏州）材料科技有限公司 | Hot work die steel, heat treatment method thereof and hot work die |
| CN114855061A (en) * | 2022-07-05 | 2022-08-05 | 中特泰来模具技术有限公司 | Mirror surface plastic die steel and preparation method thereof |
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