CN109177360A - 一种纸塑复合装饰材料及其制造方法 - Google Patents

一种纸塑复合装饰材料及其制造方法 Download PDF

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CN109177360A
CN109177360A CN201810852528.XA CN201810852528A CN109177360A CN 109177360 A CN109177360 A CN 109177360A CN 201810852528 A CN201810852528 A CN 201810852528A CN 109177360 A CN109177360 A CN 109177360A
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周德华
田平
田一平
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Jiangsu Begeli New Material Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种纸塑复合装饰材料及其制造方法,包括原纸、油墨印刷层、水性聚氨酯热熔胶层和PVC膜层,所述水性聚氨酯树脂涂料层由以下按重量份数计的组份组成:水性含氟聚氨酯树脂50‑70份,纳米二氧化硅分散液2‑5份,流平剂0.8‑3份,消泡剂0.8‑1.5份,增稠剂1.5‑4份,水10‑30份,成膜助剂1.5‑5份。本发明在水性聚氨酯树脂中引入少量高键能的氟碳链,显著提高了材料的耐黄变和耐热性能,此外纳米二氧化硅作为功能添加剂,纳米二氧化硅具有较好的紫外屏蔽能力,并且对材料内部具有增强作用,进一步提高了该装饰材料的抗紫外性能和力学性能,从而使产品整体的使用寿命得以延长。

Description

一种纸塑复合装饰材料及其制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及家居装饰领域,具体涉及一种纸塑复合装饰材料及其制造方法。
背景技术
以PVC为基材的纸塑复合装饰材料具有优异的韧性,常作为家装工程中异形材料的吸塑或包覆材料,这种纸塑复合材料通常是在PVC膜和装饰纸之间涂覆热熔型聚氨酯材料,然后经过热压合工艺制成。然而,在储存和使用过程中,由于受到热辐射或紫外线照射等环境影响,聚氨酯材料容易发生老化降解,从而产生黄变、力学性能下降等问题,使产品的使用寿命缩短。因此,有必要提高此类材料的热稳定性以及耐老化性能,以延长产品的使用寿命。
发明内容
针对上述存在的技术问题,本发明的目的是对传统纸塑复合装饰材料及其制造方法进行改进,以提高材料的热稳定性、耐黄变性以及耐老化性能,从而延长产品的使用寿命。
本发明的技术方案是:一种纸塑复合装饰材料,包括原纸、油墨印刷层、水性聚氨酯热熔胶层和PVC膜层,所述油墨印刷层设于原纸背面,所述水性聚氨酯热熔胶层设于油墨印刷层背面,所述PVC膜层设于水性聚氨酯热熔胶层背面,所述水性聚氨酯热熔胶层由以下按重量份数计的组份组成:水性含氟聚氨酯树脂50-70份,纳米二氧化硅分散液2-5份,流平剂0.8-3份,消泡剂0.8-1.5份,增稠剂1.5-4份,水10-30份,成膜助剂1.5-5份。
所述纳米二氧化硅分散液制备方法为,将纳米二氧化硅、硅烷偶联剂和分散剂分散于水中,进行超声分散20-60min,得到纳米二氧化硅分散液,其中所述纳米二氧化硅、硅烷偶联剂、分散剂和水的质量比为1:0.1:0.5:20。
所述流平剂为聚醚聚酯共聚改性聚硅氧烷;所述消泡剂为聚醚改性有机硅或聚硅氧烷中的至少一种;所述成膜助剂为丙二醇丁醚、丙二醇甲醚醋酸酯或醇酯十二中的至少一种;所述增稠剂为羟丙基甲基纤维素或羟乙基纤维素中的至少一种。
一种纸塑复合装饰材料的制造方法,包括以下步骤:
1)制备水性聚氨酯热熔胶;
2)采用油墨对原纸背面进行纹理印刷,烘干油墨印刷层后,在原纸背面浸渍水性聚氨酯热熔胶后制得浸胶纸;
3)在浸胶纸背面叠合PVC膜,采用复合机依次经过预热、热压合以及冷却后,得到纸塑复合装饰材料。
所述步骤1)具体为,在氮气氛围下,将聚酯二元醇60-90份、含氟聚酯二元醇1-6份和二异氰酸酯25-40份在80-90℃下反应2-3h,加入扩链剂4-8份在80-90℃下继续反应4-5h,降温至35-45℃,加入三乙胺中和后,加入乙二胺的水溶液分散0.5-1h,得到水性聚氨酯树脂,将水性聚氨酯树脂、流平剂、消泡剂、增稠剂、成膜剂以及水混合搅拌均匀后,加入纳米二氧化硅分散液,超声分散30-120min后,得到水性聚氨酯热熔胶。
所述二异氰酸酯为异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯,所述扩链剂为亲水扩链剂。
步骤3)中预热温度为130-140℃,预热保持时间为20-30min,热压合温度为170-180℃,热压合保持时间为20-30min,冷却时间为10-20min。
本发明所取得的技术效果是:在水性聚氨酯树脂中引入少量高键能的氟碳链,显著提高了材料的耐黄变和耐热性能,此外纳米二氧化硅作为功能添加剂,纳米二氧化硅具有较好的紫外屏蔽能力,并且对材料内部具有增强作用,进一步提高了材料的抗紫外性能和力学性能,从而使产品整体的使用寿命得以延长。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细描述,本发明的实施方式包括但不限于下列实施例。
实施例1
本发明所涉及到的纳米二氧化硅分散液的制备:称取10g纳米二氧化硅、1g硅烷偶联剂(KH550)、5g分散剂(分散剂5040)和200g去离子水,混合后进行超声分散60min,得到纳米二氧化硅分散液,将该纳米二氧化硅分散液用于实施例1-3。
一种纸塑复合装饰材料,包括原纸、油墨印刷层、水性聚氨酯热熔胶层和PVC膜层,所述油墨印刷层设于原纸背面,所述水性聚氨酯热熔胶层设于油墨印刷层背面,所述PVC膜层设于水性聚氨酯热熔胶层背面,所述水性聚氨酯热熔胶层由以下按重量份数计的组份组成:水性含氟聚氨酯树脂50份,纳米二氧化硅分散液2份,流平剂(聚醚聚酯共聚改性聚硅氧烷)0.8份,消泡剂(聚醚改性有机硅)0.8份,增稠剂(羟丙基甲基纤维素)1.5份,水10份,成膜助剂(丙二醇丁醚)1.5份。
上述纸塑复合装饰材料的制造方法,包括以下步骤:
1)制备水性聚氨酯热熔胶:在氮气氛围下,将聚酯二元醇60份、含氟聚酯二元醇1份和异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯25份在85℃下反应2h,加入扩链剂(二羟甲基丙酸)4份在85℃下继续反应4h,降温至35℃,加入三乙胺中和后,加入乙二胺的水溶液分散0.5h,得到水性聚氨酯树脂,将水性聚氨酯树脂、流平剂、消泡剂、增稠剂、成膜剂以及水按上述重量份数比例混合搅拌均匀后,加入纳米二氧化硅分散液,超声分散30min后,得到水性聚氨酯热熔胶;
2)采用油墨对原纸背面进行纹理印刷,烘干油墨印刷层后,在原纸背面浸渍水性聚氨酯热熔胶后制得浸胶纸;
3)在浸胶纸背面叠合PVC膜,采用复合机依次经过130℃下预热20min、170℃下热压合20min、以及冷却10min后,得到纸塑复合装饰材料。
实施例2
一种纸塑复合装饰材料,包括原纸、油墨印刷层、水性聚氨酯热熔胶层和PVC膜层,所述油墨印刷层设于原纸背面,所述水性聚氨酯热熔胶层设于油墨印刷层背面,所述PVC膜层设于水性聚氨酯热熔胶层背面,所述水性聚氨酯热熔胶层由以下按重量份数计的组份组成:水性含氟聚氨酯树脂70份,纳米二氧化硅分散液5份,流平剂(聚醚聚酯共聚改性聚硅氧烷)3份,消泡剂(聚硅氧烷)1.5份,增稠剂(羟乙基纤维素)4份,水30份,成膜助剂(丙二醇甲醚醋酸酯)5份。
上述一种纸塑复合装饰材料的制造方法,包括以下步骤:
1)制备水性聚氨酯热熔胶:在氮气氛围下,将聚酯二元醇90份、含氟聚酯二元醇6份和异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯40份在90℃下反应3h,加入扩链剂(二羟甲基丁酸)8份在90℃下继续反应5h,降温至45℃,加入三乙胺中和后,加入乙二胺的水溶液分散1h,得到水性聚氨酯树脂,将水性聚氨酯树脂、流平剂、消泡剂、增稠剂、成膜剂以及水按上述重量份数比例混合搅拌均匀后,加入纳米二氧化硅分散液,超声分散120min后,得到水性聚氨酯热熔胶;
2)采用油墨对原纸背面进行纹理印刷,烘干油墨印刷层后,在原纸背面浸渍水性聚氨酯热熔胶后制得浸胶纸;
3)在浸胶纸背面叠合PVC膜,采用复合机依次经过140℃下预热30min、180℃下热压合30min、以及冷却20min后,得到纸塑复合装饰材料。
实施例3
一种纸塑复合装饰材料,包括原纸、油墨印刷层、水性聚氨酯热熔胶层和PVC膜层,所述油墨印刷层设于原纸背面,所述水性聚氨酯热熔胶层设于油墨印刷层背面,所述PVC膜层设于水性聚氨酯热熔胶层背面,所述水性聚氨酯热熔胶层由以下按重量份数计的组份组成:水性含氟聚氨酯树脂60份,纳米二氧化硅分散液3份,流平剂(聚醚聚酯共聚改性聚硅氧烷)2份,消泡剂(聚醚改性有机硅)1份,增稠剂(羟丙基甲基纤维素)2.5份,水20份,成膜助剂(醇酯十二)3份。
上述一种纸塑复合装饰材料的制造方法,包括以下步骤:
1)制备水性聚氨酯热熔胶:在氮气氛围下,将聚酯二元醇75份、含氟聚酯二元醇4份和异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯32份在80℃下反应3h,加入扩链剂(二羟甲基丁酸)6份在80℃下继续反应5h,降温至35℃,加入三乙胺中和后,加入乙二胺的水溶液分散1h,得到水性聚氨酯树脂,将水性聚氨酯树脂、流平剂、消泡剂、增稠剂、成膜剂以及水按上述重量份数比例混合搅拌均匀后,加入纳米二氧化硅分散液,超声分散90min后,得到水性聚氨酯热熔胶;
2)采用油墨对原纸背面进行纹理印刷,烘干油墨印刷层后,在原纸背面浸渍水性聚氨酯热熔胶后制得浸胶纸;
3)在浸胶纸背面叠合PVC膜,采用复合机依次经过135℃下预热25min、175℃下热压合25min、以及冷却15min后,得到纸塑复合装饰材料。
采用本发明制得的纸塑复合装饰材料,经材料物性检测证明为零甲醛、重金属含量符合EN71-3以及ROHS指令的要求,且具有抗紫外能力、耐黄变性、耐热性以及使用寿命长等优点,可以作为家装工程的异形材料的包裹或吸塑材料使用。
上述实施例只为说明本发明的保护范围,凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (7)

1.一种纸塑复合装饰材料,包括原纸、油墨印刷层、水性聚氨酯热熔胶层和PVC膜层,所述油墨印刷层设于原纸背面,所述水性聚氨酯热熔胶层设于油墨印刷层背面,所述PVC膜层设于水性聚氨酯热熔胶层背面,其特征在于,所述水性聚氨酯热熔胶层由以下按重量份数计的组份组成:水性含氟聚氨酯树脂50-70份,纳米二氧化硅分散液2-5份,流平剂0.8-3份,消泡剂0.8-1.5份,增稠剂1.5-4份,水10-30份,成膜助剂1.5-5份。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种纸塑复合装饰材料,其特征在于:所述纳米二氧化硅分散液制备方法为,将纳米二氧化硅、硅烷偶联剂和聚羧酸类分散剂分散于水中,进行超声分散20-60min,得到纳米二氧化硅分散液,其中所述纳米二氧化硅、硅烷偶联剂、分散剂和水的质量比为1:0.1:0.5:20。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的一种纸塑复合装饰材料,其特征在于:所述流平剂为聚醚聚酯共聚改性聚硅氧烷;所述消泡剂为聚醚改性有机硅或聚硅氧烷中的至少一种;所述成膜助剂为丙二醇丁醚、丙二醇甲醚醋酸酯或醇酯十二中的至少一种;所述增稠剂为羟丙基甲基纤维素或羟乙基纤维素中的至少一种。
4.如权利要求1至3任一项所述的一种纸塑复合装饰材料的制造方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)制备水性聚氨酯热熔胶;
2)采用油墨对原纸背面进行纹理印刷,烘干油墨印刷层后,在原纸背面浸渍水性聚氨酯热熔胶后制得浸胶纸;
3)在浸胶纸背面叠合PVC膜,采用复合机依次经过预热、热压合和冷却后,得到纸塑复合装饰材料。
5.如权利要求4所述的一种纸塑复合装饰材料的制造方法,其特征在于:所述步骤1)具体为,在氮气氛围下,将聚酯二元醇60-90份、含氟聚酯二元醇1-6份和二异氰酸酯25-40份在80-90℃下反应2-3h,加入扩链剂4-8份在80-90℃下继续反应4-5h,降温至35-45℃,加入三乙胺中和后,加入乙二胺的水溶液分散0.5-1h,得到水性聚氨酯树脂,将水性聚氨酯树脂、流平剂、消泡剂、增稠剂、成膜剂以及水混合搅拌均匀后,加入纳米二氧化硅分散液,超声分散30-120min后,得到水性聚氨酯热熔胶。
6.如权利要求5所述的一种纸塑复合装饰材料的制造方法,其特征在于:所述二异氰酸酯为异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯,所述扩链剂为亲水扩链剂。
7.如权利要求4所述的一种纸塑复合装饰材料的制造方法,其特征在于:步骤3)中预热温度为130-140℃,预热保持时间为20-30min,热压合温度为170-180℃,热压合保持时间为20-30min,冷却时间为10-20min。
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