CN109168414B - Method for promoting germination of loosestrife seeds - Google Patents
Method for promoting germination of loosestrife seeds Download PDFInfo
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- CN109168414B CN109168414B CN201811269611.0A CN201811269611A CN109168414B CN 109168414 B CN109168414 B CN 109168414B CN 201811269611 A CN201811269611 A CN 201811269611A CN 109168414 B CN109168414 B CN 109168414B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
Abstract
The invention particularly relates to a method for promoting the germination of loosestrife seeds, which comprises the following steps: 1) pretreatment of seeds: soaking in sterilizing solution, taking out, air drying, and sand storing; 2) and (3) sterilization treatment: taking out the seeds after sand storage, soaking the seeds in an alkaline solution, washing the seeds clean after seed soaking, and soaking the seeds in a sterilizing solution; 3) and (3) activation treatment: pricking the seeds obtained in the step 2) with a plurality of small holes, and then soaking the seeds in an active solution; 4) germination: placing the seeds obtained in the step 3) into a germination container for seed soaking and culturing. According to the invention, the seeds are innovatively subjected to long-time sand storage treatment, so that the germination situation of the seeds is enhanced, the germination of the seeds is promoted, and the germination rate is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gardens, in particular to a method for promoting the germination of loosestrife seeds.
Technical Field
The first fossil is found in the late chalky stratum of the geologic age, and is also found in the spelt isles, europe, america and asia from ancient times to the last times. According to fossil data, the Jinsong probably originates from the middle and late stages of the Chalkbrook era and is widely distributed between 33 degrees and 52 degrees of north latitude; the Chinese renewal was distributed in the North China area before; after the ice period of the world is renewed, the Jinsong in each place is died out successively, and only survives in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze river in China, so that the Jinsong tea becomes a unique single-genus single plant in China. According to the new classification system standard of the species threatened by the world natural protection alliance (IUCN) and the standard of Chinese plant red book, the Jinsong is determined as a gradually dangerous species and is listed as a national secondary protection plant.
The pine trunks are straight, and the crown is oval-shaped, tower-shaped, tall and beautiful. The leaves on the braches are clustered into a disc shape, the color of the leaves is initially tender green, and the leaves are turned into golden yellow in autumn, so the pseudolarix is a good tree species used for building, furniture and the like and a garden greening tree species, and historically, the pseudolarix is cultivated as a precious tree species used for materials and an ornamental tree species. The golden cypress has high ornamental value, the golden cypress is beautiful in tree shape, the leaves are strip-shaped, the golden cypress is flat and soft, the golden cypress is light green in spring and summer, the golden cypress is soft and delicate, the golden cypress becomes golden yellow after autumn, the golden cypress is like copper cash, and the golden cypress is an excellent ornamental tree species. The trees are introduced into the United states as early as the 19 th century and are now widely cultivated around the world, and are called five garden trees in the world together with southern fir, cedar, Japanese golden pine and North American giant fir. The Jinsong is a precious economic tree, the trunk of which is straight and the material property is good, and can be used as the raw material of buildings, furniture and wood fiber industry; the leaf can be extracted to obtain plant volatile oil, and can be used in pharmaceutical, perfume, essence, cosmetic and food industries; the root bark is a traditional Chinese medicinal material commonly called as pseudolarix, can kill parasites, relieve itching and resist fungi, and is externally used for treating tinea manus and pedis, neurodermatitis, eczema and the like. Researches show that the chemical components of the pseudolarix cortex are mainly diterpenes, triterpenes, triterpenoid lactones, sterols and other compounds. Modern pharmacological experiments show that the natural extract of the loosestrife has the effects of resisting fungi, tumors, fertility, inhibiting angiogenesis and the like.
The propagation of the loosestrife plant comprises seed propagation, cutting propagation and the like. And (3) cutting propagation, namely selecting branches of plants less than 10 years for cutting, wherein the cutting survival rate is very low, and the branches are easy to wither due to the damage of the pseudolarix septemfasciata and the moths because the cutting growth period is long. The seed propagation is a main mode of the pseudolarix jinqian propagation, in the breeding process, the oil content in the pseudolarix jinqian seeds is high, the suppression effect on the seed germination can be generated, the pseudolarix fructicola is divided into big and small years, the yield can be increased once in 3-5 years, the seeds aged for 2-3 years are inevitably used in the seed propagation process, and the germination rate can be reduced along with the reduction of the activity of the seeds along with the overlong storage time. Therefore, how to improve the vitality of the seed of the loosestrife has important significance for the protection and utilization of germplasm resources, the production of the loosestrife and the improvement of economic benefits.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for germinating the pseudolarix seeds, aiming at the defect of low germination rate of the existing pseudolarix seeds.
The invention aims to solve the problems by the following technical scheme:
a method for promoting germination of loosestrife seeds comprises the following steps:
1) pretreatment of seeds: soaking in sterilizing solution, taking out, air drying, and sand storing;
2) and (3) sterilization treatment: taking out the seeds after sand storage, soaking the seeds in an alkaline solution, washing the seeds clean after seed soaking, and soaking the seeds in a sterilizing solution;
3) and (3) activation treatment: pricking the seeds obtained in the step 2) with a plurality of small holes, and then soaking the seeds in an active solution;
4) germination: placing the seeds obtained in the step 3) into a germination container for seed soaking and culturing.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the sterilization solution is an aqueous solution of potassium permanganate, sodium hypochlorite or carbendazim, and the mass concentration is 1-1.5%.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, in the step 1), the seeds are soaked in the sterilizing solution for 1-6 hours.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, in step 1), before sand storage treatment is performed on seeds, the sand is sterilized, and the sterilized sand is wetted by sand storage solution; the sand storage solution is a mixed aqueous solution of gibberellic acid and compound sodium nitrophenolate, the concentration is 300mg/L, and the mass ratio of the gibberellic acid to the compound sodium nitrophenolate is 1: 1-3. Wherein the sand is soaked in the solution, and is loosened by hand. The sand is sterilized at high temperature, and the related sterilization techniques are all the conventional technical means.
The applicant researches and discovers that after the seeds are subjected to long-time sand storage treatment, the germination situation is enhanced, particularly for some aged old seeds, and then the germination rate is improved. Preferably, the sand storage time is 8-15 d.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, in the step 2), the alkaline solution is a sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution with a mass concentration of 50-60%.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, in the step 2), the seed soaking time with the alkaline solution is 12-28 h; preferably 24-26 h.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, in the step 2), the time for soaking the seeds in the sterilizing solution is 1-3 h.
In an embodiment of the invention, in step 3), a plurality of small holes are punched on the surface of the seed, and the depth of the small holes is equivalent to that of the seed coat.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, in the step 3), the active solution is soaked for 10-16h, and the active solution is a mixed aqueous solution of indoleacetic acid, naphthylacetic acid and glucose.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the mass ratio of the indoleacetic acid, the naphthylacetic acid and the glucose is 1:1:3-6, and the concentration of the active solution is 3-4.5%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
firstly, the seeds are innovatively subjected to sand storage treatment for a long time, so that the germination situation of the seeds is enhanced, the germination of the seeds is promoted, and the germination rate is improved.
The invention adopts multiple sterilization treatment to sterilize the pseudolarix seeds and high-temperature sterilization treatment to sand for sand storage, thereby effectively reducing the mildew of the seeds in the sand storage and germination accelerating processes.
The invention creatively adopts the matching of sand storage treatment and soaking in alkaline solution and active solution, thus improving the life activity and the emergence rate of the loosestrife seeds.
The method for promoting the germination of the pseudolarix seeds provided by the invention has the advantages that the germination rate is over 95%, the operation is simple, the cost is low, the manual operation is easy, and the method has high practical application value for seedling raising and large-scale planting of the pseudolarix seeds.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
A method for promoting germination of loosestrife seeds comprises the following steps:
1) pretreatment of seeds: taking clean river sand, sterilizing at high temperature for later use, soaking the river sand in an aqueous solution of potassium permanganate with the mass concentration of 1%, sodium hypochlorite or carbendazim for 1h, taking out the river sand, airing and storing the river sand; in the sand storage treatment, river sand is firstly wetted by sand storage solution; the sand-storing solution is a mixed aqueous solution of gibberellic acid and compound sodium nitrophenolate, the concentration is 100mg/L, and the mass ratio of the gibberellic acid to the compound sodium nitrophenolate is 1: 1;
2) and (3) sterilization treatment: taking out the seeds after sand storage, and soaking the seeds for 12 hours by using a sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 50%; repeatedly washing with clean water for more than 4 times after seed soaking, and soaking with 1% potassium permanganate, sodium hypochlorite or carbendazim water solution for 1-3 hr;
3) and (3) activation treatment: pricking the seeds obtained in the step 2) with a plurality of small holes, wherein the number of the small holes is controlled to be about 5-10, the pricking depth of any small hole is equal to the thickness of the seed coat, the seed coat is not penetrated as far as possible, and then the seeds are soaked in an active solution with the mass concentration of 3% for 10 hours; wherein the solute mass ratio of the active solution is 1:1:3 indoleacetic acid, naphthylacetic acid and glucose;
4) germination: placing the seeds obtained in the step 3) into a germination container for seed soaking culture, placing a sponge at the bottom of the germination container, completely soaking the sponge with distilled water, placing seeds on the surface of the sponge, placing 100 seeds in each germination container, culturing and germinating in an incubator at the temperature of 25 +/-2 ℃, wherein the light-dark period is 10h/14h, and spraying a proper amount of distilled water every 2 d.
Example 2
A method for promoting germination of loosestrife seeds comprises the following steps:
1) pretreatment of seeds: taking clean river sand, sterilizing at high temperature for later use, soaking the river sand in an aqueous solution of potassium permanganate with the mass concentration of 1.5%, sodium hypochlorite or carbendazim for 3 hours, taking out the river sand, airing the river sand, and storing the river sand in sand; in the sand storage treatment, river sand is firstly wetted by sand storage solution; the sand-storing solution is a mixed aqueous solution of gibberellic acid and compound sodium nitrophenolate, the concentration is 150mg/L, and the mass ratio of the gibberellic acid to the compound sodium nitrophenolate is 1: 2;
2) and (3) sterilization treatment: taking out the seeds after sand storage, soaking the seeds for 24 hours by using a sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 55%, repeatedly washing the seeds for more than 4 times by using clean clear water after seed soaking is finished until the seeds are washed clean, and soaking the seeds for 1-3 hours by using an aqueous solution of potassium permanganate, sodium hypochlorite or carbendazim with the mass concentration of 1%;
3) and (3) activation treatment: pricking the seeds obtained in the step 2) with a plurality of small holes, wherein the number of the small holes is controlled to be about 5-10, the pricking depth of any small hole is equal to the thickness of the seed coat, the seed coat is not penetrated as far as possible, and then the seeds are soaked in an active solution with the mass concentration of 4% for 14 hours; wherein the solute mass ratio of the active solution is 1:1:5, and the active solution consists of indoleacetic acid, naphthylacetic acid and glucose;
4) germination: placing the seeds obtained in the step 3) into a germination container for seed soaking culture, placing a sponge at the bottom of the germination container, completely soaking the sponge with distilled water, placing seeds on the surface of the sponge, placing 100 seeds in each germination container, culturing and germinating in an incubator at the temperature of 25 +/-2 ℃, wherein the light-dark period is 10h/14h, and spraying a proper amount of distilled water every 2 d.
Example 3
A method for promoting germination of loosestrife seeds comprises the following steps:
1) pretreatment of seeds: taking clean river sand, sterilizing at high temperature for later use, soaking the river sand in an aqueous solution of potassium permanganate with the mass concentration of 1.5%, sodium hypochlorite or carbendazim for 6 hours, taking out the river sand, airing the river sand, and storing the river sand in sand; in the sand storage treatment, river sand is firstly wetted by sand storage solution; the sand-storing solution is a mixed aqueous solution of gibberellic acid and compound sodium nitrophenolate, the concentration is 300mg/L, and the mass ratio of the gibberellic acid to the compound sodium nitrophenolate is 1: 3;
2) and (3) sterilization treatment: taking out the seeds after sand storage, and soaking the seeds for 26 hours by using a sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 50-60%; repeatedly washing with clean water for more than 4 times after seed soaking, and soaking with 1.5% potassium permanganate, sodium hypochlorite or carbendazim water solution for 1-3 hr;
3) and (3) activation treatment: pricking the seeds obtained in the step 2) with a plurality of small holes, wherein the number of the small holes is controlled to be about 5-10, the pricking depth of any small hole is equal to the thickness of the seed coat, the seed coat is not penetrated as far as possible, and then the seeds are placed in an active solution with the mass concentration of 4.5% to be soaked for 16 hours; wherein the solute mass ratio of the active solution is 1:1:6, and the active solution consists of indoleacetic acid, naphthylacetic acid and glucose;
4) germination: placing the seeds obtained in the step 3) into a germination container for seed soaking culture, placing a sponge at the bottom of the germination container, completely soaking the sponge with distilled water, placing seeds on the surface of the sponge, placing 100 seeds in each germination container, culturing and germinating in an incubator at the temperature of 25 +/-2 ℃, wherein the light-dark period is 10h/14h, and spraying a proper amount of distilled water every 2 d.
The applicant further investigated the factors affecting seed germination:
1. influence of new and old seeds on seed germination
Newly harvested pseudolarix loosestrife seeds within 1 year and old seeds outside 2 years are purchased from the market, the germination rate is detected respectively, 100 seeds are taken respectively and placed in a culture dish for germination after being disinfected and soaked in warm water, the germination rate of the new seeds is 37 percent and the germination rate of the old seeds is 14 percent after 30 days. It can be seen that the germination rate of old species is much lower than that of new species due to the cell activity.
New seeds and old seeds were respectively divided into 10 groups of 100 seeds, and then the seeds were germinated as described in example 1, and the germination conditions of each group are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
| Group of | Germination Rate (%) at 20d | Germination rate (%) for 30d | Group of | Germination Rate (%) at 20d | Germination rate (%) for 30d |
| New species 1 | 85 | 96 | Aging seeds 1 | 81 | 95 |
| New species 2 | 84 | 95 | Aging seeds 2 | 83 | 96 |
| New species 3 | 87 | 95 | Old seeds 3 | 80 | 95 |
| New variety 4 | 86 | 96 | Aged seeds 4 | 79 | 95 |
| New variety 5 | 83 | 96 | Aging seeds 5 | 82 | 97 |
| New variety 6 | 89 | 95 | Aged seeds 6 | 78 | 96 |
| New species 7 | 82 | 97 | Old seeds 7 | 81 | 96 |
| New variety 8 | 84 | 96 | Aging seeds 8 | 80 | 97 |
| New species 9 | 85 | 95 | Aging seeds 9 | 80 | 95 |
| New species 10 | 87 | 95 | Aging seeds 10 | 83 | 96 |
2. Effect of Sterilization time on seed Germination
Taking commercially available pinus parviflora seeds, treating the pinus parviflora seeds for 0h (a control group), 1h, 2h, 4h, 6h, 8h and 12h by adopting 1.5 percent potassium permanganate solution in the seed pretreatment, culturing for 25d to count the seed germination rate and the pollution rate, and according to the technical scheme of the embodiment 1, the results are shown in a table 2.
TABLE 2
| Group (h) | Germination Rate (%) | Bacterial contamination ratio (%) |
| 0 | 93 | 45 |
| 1 | 95 | 20 |
| 2 | 96 | 11 |
| 4 | 95 | 3 |
| 6 | 95 | 3 |
| 8 | 84 | 0 |
| 12 | 75 | 0 |
As can be seen from the experiment, the germination rate of the control group is still at a high level, but the contamination rate is also at a high level; with the increase of the treatment time of 1.5 percent potassium permanganate solution, the germination rate is maintained at a higher level of about 95 percent, but the contamination rate shows an obvious decline trend, particularly only 3 percent in 4h and 6 h. When the soaking time is continuously increased, the germination rate is reduced. Therefore, the sterilization and disinfection time before the seed treatment is controlled to be 1-6h, and particularly 4-6h, the germination rate can be kept at 95% and the contamination rate can be controlled to be about 3%.
3. Influence of sand storage treatment on seed germination rate
Commercially available larix loosestrife seeds are divided into a blank group (1), a sterilization-only sand storage group (2), a mixed aqueous solution sand storage group (3) containing 50mg/L of gibberellic acid-compound sodium nitrophenolate, a mixed aqueous solution sand storage group (4) containing 100mg/L of gibberellic acid-compound sodium nitrophenolate, a mixed aqueous solution sand storage group (5) containing 150mg/L of gibberellic acid-compound sodium nitrophenolate, a mixed aqueous solution sand storage group (6) containing 300mg/L of gibberellic acid-compound sodium nitrophenolate and a mixed aqueous solution sand storage group (7) containing 400mg/L of gibberellic acid-compound sodium nitrophenolate, 100 grains are cultured for 10d and 25d in each group, the seed germination rate and pollution rate are counted, the results are shown in table 3 according to the technical scheme of example 1, and the mass ratio of the gibberellic acid to the compound sodium nitrophenolate is 1: 2.
TABLE 3
| Group of | Germination Rate (%) at 10d | Germination rate (%) at 25d |
| 1 | 7 | 28 |
| 2 | 15 | 37 |
| 3 | 35 | 68 |
| 4 | 47 | 95 |
| 5 | 55 | 96 |
| 6 | 54 | 96 |
| 7 | 48 | 87 |
Experiments show that the germination rate of the seeds treated by sand storage is higher than that of the seeds not treated by sand storage; the germination rate of the sand storage group treated by adopting the sand storage liquid consisting of gibberellic acid and sodium nitrophenolate in the sand storage is higher than that of the sand storage group treated by only adopting distilled water for high-temperature sterilization to spray wet river sand. When the concentration is lower than 100mg/L, the germination rate of the seeds can only reach 68 percent, and when the concentration reaches 400mg/L, the germination rate is reduced to 87 percent. Therefore, the concentration of the solution is selected to be 100-300mg/L, and further 150-300 mg/L.
The compound sodium nitrophenolate is a powerful cell activator, can quickly permeate into seeds after contacting with the seeds of the loosestrife, promotes the protoplasm flow of cells, and improves the cell activity. Promote the absorption of various hormones and nutrient components in the seed germination process and simultaneously promote the components of the seed soaking medicament to enter seed cells. The research shows that the germination rate of the seeds is reduced to a certain small extent, namely about 3-7 percent, when the gibberellic acid or the compound sodium nitrophenolate is used alone.
4. Influence of combination of sand storage and alkali liquor soaking on seed germination rate
Taking commercially available larix loosestrife seeds, dividing the seeds into a sterilization sand storage group (1), a sand storage group (2) only containing sand storage solution, an alkali solution group (3) only containing sand storage solution, a sand storage-alkali solution group (4) containing sand storage solution and a sterilization sand storage-alkali solution group (5) only, culturing 100 grains in each group, and counting the germination rate and the pollution rate of the seeds for 10d and 25d, wherein the results are shown in table 4 according to the technical scheme of the example 1, wherein the mass ratio of the gibberellic acid to the sodium nitrophenolate in the sand storage group only is 1:2, the concentration is 150mg/L, and the alkali solution is 60% of sodium hydroxide solution.
TABLE 4
| Group of | Germination Rate (%) at 10d | Germination rate (%) at 25d |
| 1 | 15 | 37 |
| 2 | 40 | 88 |
| 3 | 36 | 80 |
| 4 | 55 | 96 |
| 5 | 42 | 81 |
Experiments show that the germination rate of the seeds treated by the sand storage of the sterilized river sand and the soaking treatment of the alkali liquor is lower than that of the seeds treated by the sand storage of the sterilized river sand and the soaking treatment of the alkali liquor.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be made by those skilled in the art without inventive work within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope defined by the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A method for promoting germination of loosestrife seeds is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) pretreatment of seeds: soaking in sterilizing solution, taking out, air drying, and sand storing;
2) and (3) sterilization treatment: taking out the seeds after sand storage, soaking the seeds in an alkaline solution, washing the seeds clean after seed soaking, and soaking the seeds in a sterilizing solution;
3) and (3) activation treatment: pricking the seeds obtained in the step 2) with a plurality of small holes, and then soaking the seeds in an active solution;
4) germination: placing the seeds obtained in the step 3) in a germination container for seed soaking culture;
soaking the seeds in the sterilizing solution for 4-6 h;
in the step 1), before sand storage treatment is carried out on seeds, the sand is sterilized, and the sterilized sand is wetted by sand storage solution; the sand storage solution is a mixed aqueous solution of gibberellic acid and compound sodium nitrophenolate, the concentration is 300mg/L, and the mass ratio of the gibberellic acid to the compound sodium nitrophenolate is 1: 1-3.
2. The method for promoting germination of loosestrife seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the sterilization liquid is an aqueous solution of potassium permanganate, sodium hypochlorite or carbendazim, and the mass concentration is 1-1.5%.
3. The method for promoting germination of loosestrife seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step 2), the alkaline solution is a sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 50-60%.
4. The method for promoting germination of loosestrife seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step 2), the seed soaking time with the alkaline solution is 12-28 h.
5. The method for promoting germination of loosestrife seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step 2), the seed soaking time with the alkaline solution is 24-26 h.
6. The method for promoting germination of loosestrife seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step 2), the seeds are soaked in the sterilizing solution for 1-3 h.
7. The method for promoting germination of loosestrife seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and 3) pricking a plurality of small holes on the surface of the seed, wherein the depth of the small holes is equivalent to that of the seed coat.
8. The method for promoting germination of loosestrife seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step 3), soaking in an active solution for 10-16h, wherein the active solution is a mixed aqueous solution of indoleacetic acid, naphthylacetic acid and glucose.
9. The method for promoting germination of loosestrife seeds as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the mass ratio of the indoleacetic acid to the naphthylacetic acid to the glucose is 1:1:3-6, and the concentration of the active solution is 3-4.5%.
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