CN109168387A - A method of improvement degenerated soil is administered in combination using earthworm and organic materials - Google Patents
A method of improvement degenerated soil is administered in combination using earthworm and organic materials Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- 241000361919 Metaphire sieboldi Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims description 35
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 35
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 35
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 34
- 241000912926 Metaphire tschiliensis Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 28
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- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001614064 Amynthas robustus Species 0.000 description 2
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- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- KJFMBFZCATUALV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenolphthalein Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1(C=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)O1 KJFMBFZCATUALV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004016 soil organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- YHUMTHWQGWPJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dichloro-4-chloroiminocyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-one Chemical compound ClN=C1C=C(Cl)C(=O)C(Cl)=C1 YHUMTHWQGWPJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQVYMXCRDHDTTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(diethoxyphosphorylmethyl)-2-[4-(diethoxyphosphorylmethyl)pyridin-2-yl]pyridine Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)CC1=CC=NC(C=2N=CC=C(CP(=O)(OCC)OCC)C=2)=C1 OQVYMXCRDHDTTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001411320 Eriogonum inflatum Species 0.000 description 1
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- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000184339 Nemophila maculata Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008950 Neyraudia reynaudiana Species 0.000 description 1
- QLZHNIAADXEJJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenylphosphonic acid Chemical class OP(O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QLZHNIAADXEJJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001635574 Sabatia angularis Species 0.000 description 1
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- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- WYWFMUBFNXLFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mo].[Sb] Chemical compound [Mo].[Sb] WYWFMUBFNXLFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005904 alkaline hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001626 barium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000033558 biomineral tissue development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010089934 carbohydrase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 1
- TYJOJLOWRIQYQM-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;phenyl phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 TYJOJLOWRIQYQM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241001233061 earthworms Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001139 pH measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZKTAUNJORLVHQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylphosphonic acid;sodium Chemical compound [Na].[Na].OP(O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZKTAUNJORLVHQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008363 phosphate buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005375 photometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium dichromate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036387 respiratory rate Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bicarbonate Substances [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NESLWCLHZZISNB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium phenolate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1 NESLWCLHZZISNB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000004856 soil analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004162 soil erosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
- A01K67/0332—Earthworms
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods that improvement degenerated soil is administered in combination using earthworm and organic materials, it is intended to provide a kind of combined administration by organic materials and earthworm, the method that quality of the soil in terms of physical and chemical and biology can be obviously improved, its technical solution, which successively includes the following steps: 1) to mix in soil per acre, applies 1500-3000kg organic materials, water wetting surface was spread every 2 days, was balanced 20 days；2) adult earthworm is put into step 2) treated in soil, soil per acre launches the earthworm of 200-400kg.It the present invention relates to the use of the field that biology techniques promote soil fertility.
Description
Technical field
It the present invention relates to the use of the field that biology techniques promote soil fertility, specially a kind of earthworm combines organic materials
Promote the method that soil fertility promotes soil quality.
Background technique
Due to people's development and utilization unreasonable to soil, as road construction, mining, soil erosion and vegetation are broken
Soil degradation problem caused by bad etc. is got worse.The construction of highway will cause soil plough horizon destruction, quality decline and water
Soil flow lose, wherein due to topsoil disturbance caused by soil organic matter content degradation and nutrient it is barren be its soil degradation
Major reason.Therefore the soil that it is damaged must be cultivated and utilized again and ecological reconstruction.Earthworm is raw in soil ecosystem
The maximum soil animal of object amount, can be by itself burrow, feeding and other activities to the Nutrient Transformation of soil and release, soil
There is positive effect in terms of structure and Soil bioremediation, soil fertility can be obviously improved and improves soil quality, quilt
Referred to as " engineer of the ecosystem " and " biology plough " etc..Wherein grand remote blind earthworm (Amynthas robustus) is south China
The common endemic species earthworm in area is food with soil, for the interior type earthworm that dwells, has biggish development and application potentiality.Ordinary circumstance
Under, earthworm is food with the mixture of dry branches and fallen leaves, agricultural crop straw and agricultural organic waste and soil, and consumption is very
Greatly, according to statistics, 100,000,000 40 tons of organic materials of can eating for earthworm 1 day.China's agricultural wastes yield is huge, placement and
Processing is a urgent problem to be solved.Stalk and cow dung can provide food and energy source not only for earthworm, moreover it is possible to be promoted
Soil fertility, and then be applied in soil quality improving technology.Class reed (Neyraudia reynaudiana) is South China
A kind of common herbaceous plant of one's native land, has excellent water and soil conservation ability.The evaluation index of soil quality is in addition to some basic
Outside the basic physical and chemical index of soil, should also include soil biology in terms of index, as soil respiration, with Soil Nutrient Transformation phase
The enzymatic activity of pass and the vegetation growth state in soil.In the practice using biological modification and promotion soil quality, excavate
It is particularly necessary with the preferable improving technology of selection.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of methods that improvement degenerated soil is administered in combination using earthworm and organic materials.
For this purpose, the technical solution of offer of the invention is such that
A method of promote plant growth and soil quality to be promoted by the combined administration of organic materials and earthworm, according to
It is secondary to include the following steps:
1) it is mixed in soil per acre and applies 1500-3000kg organic materials, water wetting surface was spread every 2 days, is balanced 20 days；
2) adult earthworm is put into step 2) treated in soil, soil per acre launches the earthworm of 200-400kg.
Further, a kind of above-mentioned method that improvement degenerated soil is administered in combination using earthworm and organic materials, it is described
Soil be red earth.
Further, the above-mentioned method that improvement degenerated soil is administered in combination using earthworm and organic materials, described has
Machine material is one of cow dung, rice straw or combination.
Further, a kind of above-mentioned method that improvement degenerated soil is administered in combination using earthworm and organic materials, it is described
Cow dung and rice straw mass ratio are as follows: 1:1.
Further, a kind of above-mentioned method that improvement degenerated soil is administered in combination using earthworm and organic materials, it is described
Rice straw be to be cut into 2-3cm after water intaking rice straw natural air drying, crushed spare after 2 mm sieves.
Further, a kind of above-mentioned method that improvement degenerated soil is administered in combination using earthworm and organic materials, it is described
Cow dung be to take fresh cow dung that water content 60% is kept to bank up naturally 15 days, dry, sieving for standby.
Further, the above-mentioned method that improvement degenerated soil is administered in combination using earthworm and organic materials, the earthworm
Earthworm is grand Pheretimatschiliensis.
Compared with prior art, technical solution provided by the invention is by the combined administration of organic materials and earthworm, can be with
It is obviously improved quality of the soil in terms of physical and chemical and biology.
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are described further with reference to embodiments, but implementation and protection of the invention is unlimited
In this.
Embodiment 1
A kind of combined administration by organic materials and earthworm provided by the invention promotes plant growth and soil quality
The method of promotion, successively includes the following steps:
1) it is mixed in soil per acre and applies 3000kg cow dung；
2) the grand Pheretimatschiliensis that will grow up is put into step 1) treated in soil, and soil launches the earthworm of 200kg per acre.
Embodiment 2
A kind of combined administration by organic materials and earthworm provided by the invention promotes plant growth and soil quality
The method of promotion, successively includes the following steps:
1) it is mixed in soil per acre and applies 1500kg rice straw；
2) the grand Pheretimatschiliensis that will grow up is put into step 1) treated in soil, and soil launches the earthworm of 400kg per acre.
Embodiment 3
A kind of combined administration by organic materials and earthworm provided by the invention promotes plant growth and soil quality
The method of promotion, successively includes the following steps:
1) 1000kg rice straw and 1000kg cow dung are sprinkled into red earth per acre；
2) the grand Pheretimatschiliensis that will grow up is put into step 1) treated in soil, introduces 300kg earthworm in soil per acre.
Embodiment 1 to rice straw described in embodiment 3 is to be cut into 2~3cm after fetching water rice straw natural air drying, be crushed
It is spare after 2mm sieve；The cow dung is to take fresh cow dung that water content 60% is kept to bank up naturally 15 days, is dried, sieving for standby.
In order to prove the effect of technical solution provided by the present application, the test of technical solution provided by the present application is given below
Effect example.
1. for trying soil
The soil that near Guangzhou highway temporarily builds ground is chosen, the strong disturbance of construction installation, the content of organic matter have been received
It is low, belong to red earth made of granite development, crossed after natural air drying after the sampling of random five-spot after 2mm sieve mix well it is standby
With.
Its basic chemical property parameter is as shown in table 1:
Basic chemical property parameter of the table 1 for examination soil
2. for trying organic materials
Rice straw: being cut into 2~3cm after water intaking rice straw natural air drying, crushed spare after 2mm is sieved.
Cow dung: it takes fresh cow dung that water content 60% is kept to bank up naturally 15 days, dries, sieving for standby.In view of for examination soil
The earth content of organic matter is low and nutrient is barren will affect earthworm survival, so being fitted to the input amount of two kinds of organic materials in text
The increase of amount.The basic chemical property parameter of material is as shown in table 2:
Basic chemical property parameter of the table 2 for examination organic materials
| Material | pH | Organic carbon g/kg | Full nitrogen g/kg | Carbon-nitrogen ratio | Full phosphorus g/kg | Full potassium g/kg |
| Rice straw | 7.76 | 444.01 | 9.42 | 47.2 | 0.3 | 22.20 |
| Cow dung | 7.96 | 170.68 | 9.27 | 18.41 | 8.12 | 12.99 |
3. for trying earthworm
Grand Pheretimatschiliensis (Amynthas robustus): it is collected in from Agricultural University Of South China's arboretum in the school.
4. test plant
Class reed, seed are derived from wild type reed in the school, and organic materials mixes seedlings and soil, when height of seedling about 20cm, take healthy and strong and long
The seedling of the uniform no significant difference of gesture is used for pot experiment, and nursery stage, which is suitably sprayed water, keeps soil moisture.
The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: 4 groups of test setting, totally 5 processing: without organic materials without earthworm (CK), rice straw
(SCK), rice straw+grand Pheretimatschiliensis (SP), cow dung (CCK), cow dung+grand Pheretimatschiliensis (CP), rice straw+cow dung (CCK)+grand
Pheretimatschiliensis (CP) (it is recommended that adding the group, and complementary testing data).Without top dressing during test, water is adjusted as the case may be
Divide content.Every processing is repeated 4 times, and each processing is as shown in table 3.
Table 3 tests each processing
Experimental example 1
Concrete operations are as follows: weighing the red earth after 3kg crosses 2mm sieve and mixes well, prepare by processing addition
The corresponding organic materials of 150g, is mixed thoroughly, is packed into internal diameter 23cm, bottom diameter 17cm, then high 19cm plastic tub slowly adds water to be adjusted to
60% saturation moisture capacity added water using weight method every 2 days, transplants seedlings after continuing 20 days.Every basin seedling taking be about 20cm it is healthy and strong and
2 plants uniform of class reed seedling of growing way is transplanted, and planting water is poured after transplanting, and timing is planted 120d, during which poured according to water regime
Water (weight method).Class reed is inoculated with earthworm after transplanting 15 days, selection growing way is uniform, and the healthy adult earthworm with mature ring is cleaned, inhales
Weigh after dried earthworms body surface excessive moisture, after be invested in each basin alms bowl surface, a small amount of clear water humid soil table enters soil convenient for earthworm
Earth carefully closes basin alms bowl surface with fine sand net after earthworm is completely into soil, prevents earthworm from escaping.After class reed is transplanted seedlings, often
Every 15 days, i.e., plant strain growth situation was recorded at 15,30,45,60,75,90,105,120 days, measure plant height, chlorophyll respectively
SPAD value, tiller number；The 120th day harvest plant and destroy take soil.105 DEG C of water-removing 30min of Plant samples, 70 DEG C are dried to perseverance
Weight records plant above ground portion, underground part dry weight, grinds the content for measuring full nitrogen, full phosphorus and full potassium；Soil is taken out at the 120th day
It is spare to air-dry 2mm and 0.149mm sieve.Measure soil basic physical property: bulk density；Basic chemical property: pH, organic matter, complete
Nitrogen, full phosphorus, full potassium, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium；Biological property: catalase, invertase, urase, neutral phosphoric acid
Enzyme, intensity of soil respiration.
The measurement of class reed botanical characteristics:
Chlorophyll content is measured using Japanese SPAD-502 leaf color measuring instrument, is indicated with SPAD value.After plant drying, test
Total nitrogen, full phosphorus and full potassium content.Full nitrogen: Sulfuric-acid-hydrogen-peroxide, which disappears, to be boiled, semimicro-Kjeldahl method (KDN-102C azotometer)；
Full phosphorus: Sulfuric-acid-hydrogen-peroxide, which disappears, to be boiled, the anti-absorption photometry of molybdenum antimony (UV-1700 ultraviolet specrophotometer)；Full potassium: sulfuric acid-peroxide
Change hydrogen, which disappears, to be boiled, flame spectrometry (6400A flame photometer).
The measurement of pedotheque chemical property:
The measurement of the physicochemical property of soil is referring to " Soil Analysis in Agricultural Chemistry (third edition) ".PH meter current potential is selected in the measurement of pH value
Method (1:2.5 Tu Shui ratio)；The organic matter additional thermal oxidation method of potassium bichromate titrimetric method-；Total soil nitrogen is disappeared with Sulfuric-acid-hydrogen-peroxide
Cooking method, semimicro-Kjeldahl method (KDN-102C azotometer)；(UV-1700 is purple with NaOH melting-molybdenum antimony resistance colorimetric method for total Phosphorus In Soil
Outer spectrophotometer)；The full potassium of soil is melted with NaOH, flame spectrometry (6400A flame photometer)；Alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen is spread with alkaline hydrolysis
Method；Available phosphorus 0.5molL-1NaHCO3Method；Available potassium NH4OAC extraction, flame spectrometry (6400A flame photometer).
The measurement of pedotheque enzymatic activity and soil respiration rates
Sample activity determination method is referring to " soil enzyme and its organon ".
(1) catalase activity measuring method
Catalase activity measurement uses titration.It weighs 5g and crosses the air-dried soil sample of 2mm in 100ml plastic bottle, and be added
0.3% hydrogenperoxide steam generator of 40ml distilled water and 5ml；Control is set simultaneously, that is, soil sample is not added, 40ml distilled water and 5ml is added
0.3% hydrogenperoxide steam generator；Bottle stopper is stoppered, 5ml was added immediately with 120r/min oscillation 30 minutes as reciprocation type shaking table
1.5mol·L-1Sulfuric acid with terminate reaction；Then with fine and close filter paper filtering at a slow speed, 25ml filtrate is drawn, 0.02molL is used-1
Liquor potassic permanganate is titrated to rose pink, as terminal.Catalase activity is with the 0.02molL of unit sample weight-1It is high
Potassium manganate ml and the difference compareed indicate.
(2) urease activity measuring method
Urease activity measurement uses colorimetric method.Weigh be equivalent to dry weight 5g cross 2mm sieve air-drying sample, be placed in 100mL plastic bottle
In, 1mL toluene is added, after being placed at room temperature for 15min, 5mL10% urea liquid and 10mLpH6.7 citrate buffer is added
It carefully mixes, is cultivated for 24 hours in 37 DEG C of insulating boxs.After for 24 hours, the distilled water with heat to 38 DEG C is diluted to scale, sways, by suspension
It filters spare.At the same time, entire test is arranged without test sample in the control for replacing matrix with water to every a sample setting
Control, with the purity of testing reagent.It takes filtrate 1mL to be placed in 50mL volumetric flask, is diluted to 10mL with distilled water, is then added
4mL phenol sodium solution, and 3mL liquor natrii hypochloritis is added immediately.After each reagent is added, mixture is carefully mixed immediately.
After mixing 20min, mixture is diluted to scale, solution is blue, constant volume.In in 1h, on colorimeter at wavelength 578nm
Color depth is measured, the difference of control sample extinction value is subtracted with the resulting extinction value of test sample, ammonia is found out according to standard curve
State nitrogen quantity.Urease activity, the NH generated with every grammes per square metre3 +The milligram number of-N indicates.
(3) invertase activity measuring method
Invertase activity measurement use titration, weigh 5g cross 2mm sieve wind desiceted soil in plastic bottle, add 1ml toluene, put
15min is set, 20% sucrose solution of 5ml, no Matrix controls plus 5ml distilled water and 5ml phosphate buffer (pH are injected
5.5), and make to compare without soil.Content in bottle is carefully mixed, is placed on after being cultivated for 24 hours in 37 DEG C of insulating boxs, it will with 38 DEG C of water
Mixture is diluted to scale in bottle, is replaced in insulating box after being sufficiently mixed, is further cultured for 1h.Taking-up is filtered with quantitative filter paper,
10ml filtrate is taken, its reduced sugar is measured.Determination of Reducing Sugars: 5ml Fehling Regent is added toward 100ml triangular flask and 10ml steams
Distilled water adds 1.5ml33% liquor kalii iodide and 2ml (1:3) after cooling by triangular flask after the water-bath 10min in boiled water
Dilute sulfuric acid adds 0.5ml starch indicator afterwards, uses 0.2molL-1Na2S2O3The above mixed liquor is titrated, blue disappearance is titrated to.Sugarcane
The activity of carbohydrase, with the 0.1mol Na of unit sample weight2S2O3ml·g-1Ml and the difference that compares indicate.
(4) Soil neutral phosphatase measuring method
The measurement of phosphatase activity uses disodium phenyl phosphate colorimetric method, weighs 5.00g and crosses 2mm sieve wind desiceted soil in 100ml modeling
Expect to add water to the 60% of field water yield in bottle, after cultivating 1d, 1ml toluene is added to be passivated, place 15min, add 5 ml benzenephosphonic acids two
The citrate buffer of sodium and 5ml pH 7.0 compares soil sample with 5ml water and replaces benzenephosphonic acid disodium, mixture is placed in constant temperature
In case after 37 DEG C of cultures for 24 hours, takes out and 38 DEG C of hot water dilutions of 40ml, filtering is added.1ml filtrate is inhaled in 25ml colorimetric cylinder,
Add 1.25ml pH9.6 borate buffer solution, be diluted with water to 12ml, 1ml Gibbs reagent is added to mix static 20min.With steaming
Distilled water dilute constant volume, for 24 hours in, on spectrophotometer in 578nm at colorimetric, reading extinction value.With delustring obtained by test sample
Value subtracts the difference of control sample extinction value, according to standard curve, finds out phenol amount.Sample phosphatase activity is generated with every gram of sample
The milligram number of phenol indicates.
(5) soil respiration rates measurement uses closed NaOH absorption process, measures microbial mineralization carbon at the standard conditions
The CO generated in source procedure2Amount.It weighs 20g and crosses 2mm sieve soil to 500ml plastic bottle, adjust its field capacity to 55%.?
28 DEG C insulating box culture three days, place into and fill 20ml 0.2molL-1NaOH solution small beaker, sealing, dark culturing
7d takes out small beaker.5ml 1molL is added-1BaCl2, add 1 drop phenolphthalein indicator, with the remaining NaOH of standard acidometric titration, meter
Calculate CO2Content.Respiratory rate is the respiratory capacity of unit organic carbon content in the unit time.
Have there is significant change in the plant height of class reed, tiller number between processing in the 60th day it can be seen from table 4 and 5, the
120 days, the addition of rice straw and cow dung significantly promoted the raising of class reed plant height.Wherein the addition processing of earthworm is aobvious in rice straw group
Write the processing (p < 0.05) added higher than no earthworm.The addition of cow dung significantly promotes the tiller of class reed.Earthworm in cow dung group
Addition processing be significantly higher than the processing (p < 0.05) of no earthworm addition.
4 different disposal class reed plant height (cm) of table
Note: numerical value is average value ± standard error in table, and average value carries out Multiple range test using Duncan method, and same column has not
With there were significant differences (p < 0.05), n=4 between the data expression processing of letter.Similarly hereinafter.
5 different disposal class reed tiller number (a) of table
| Processing | 30d | 60d | 90 days | 120 days |
| CK | 5.1±0.7a | 5.3±0.5b | 5.5±0.6b | 5.8±0.8c |
| SCK | 3.9±0.4a | 4.1±0.2b | 5.9±0.2b | 7.1±0.4cd |
| SP | 4.4±0.2a | 7.3±0.6a | 8.1±0.4a | 9.4±1.1ab |
| CCK | 4.4±0.2a | 8.4±0.8a | 10.1±1.0a | 11.1±1.2a |
| CP | 5.0±0.7a | 7.8±0.5a | 9.0±0.7a | 9.5±0.9ab |
Different disposal class reed SPAD value is as shown in table 6.At the 120th day, only in rice straw group earthworm without earthworm addition
The class reed SPAD value of processing is significantly higher than other processing (p < 0.05), difference that there are no significant between other processing.
6 different disposal class reed SPAD value of table
| Processing | 30d | 60d | 90d | 120d |
| CK | 23.61±0.98ab | 22.13±1.14bc | 18.53±2.45a | 18.04±1.76b |
| SCK | 19.10±1.92b | 18.53±2.66c | 23.20±2.62a | 25.05±1.16a |
| SP | 23.48±2.61ab | 28.58±0.29a | 21.09±0.83a | 18.93±0.62b |
| CCK | 23.29±0.77ab | 27.28±2.73ab | 24.04±1.14a | 20.68±0.62b |
| CP | 27.99±1.92a | 30.03±1.47a | 19.23±1.76a | 18.89±0.73b |
As shown in table 7, at the 120th day, rice straw+grand Pheretimatschiliensis (SP), cow dung (CCK) and cow dung+grand Pheretimatschiliensis
(CP) the class reed the upperground part biomass handled be noticeably greater than and handle without organic materials without earthworm (CK) and rice straw (SCK) (p <
0.05).Equally, no organic materials is substantially less than other processing without the class reed underground part dry weight that earthworm (CK) is handled.In addition, addition
The processing (SP and CP) of earthworm is significantly higher than corresponding no dealing with earthworm respectively, and the underground part dry weight of cow dung (CCK) processing is aobvious
It writes and is greater than rice straw (SCK) processing (p < 0.05).Illustrate for class reed underground part biomass, the connection of earthworm and rice straw and cow dung
It is best to close application effect.
7 different disposal class reed biomass of table (dry weight g) (the 120th day)
| Processing | Overground part | Underground part |
| CK | 6.88±0.58b | 2.67±0.21d |
| SCK | 12.56±1.37b | 8.95±1.20c |
| SP | 35.94±3.64a | 19.46±0.65a |
| CCK | 29.87±4.42a | 14.31±0.73b |
| CP | 38.44±2.94a | 18.53±0.97a |
The nutrient content of different disposal class reed is as shown in table 8.In addition to full nitrogen, the application of rice straw and earthworm significantly promotees
Into class reed overground part, the full phosphorus of underground part and full potassium content (p < 0.05).For full phosphorus, the plant of cow dung (CCK) processing
The content highest in portion above and below the ground, and the content in the class reed portion above and below the ground of rice straw (SCK) processing be it is highest (p <
0.05)。
8 different disposal class reed nutrient content of table
Different disposal soil physico-chemical property is shown in Table 9.The addition of material and earthworm slightly improves the pH of soil, but not up to
The level of signifiance.Compared with no organic materials is without earthworm (CK), the addition of material and earthworm be significantly increased soil organic matter,
Full nitrogen, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and quick-acting potassium content (p < 0.05), wherein the soil organism and full nitrogen of cow dung (CCK) processing contain
Measure highest；Cow dung+grand Pheretimatschiliensis (CP) processing soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen and content of tatal phosphorus highest (p < 0.05).At rice straw (SCK)
The Soil Available potassium content highest (p < 0.05) of reason.
9 different disposal soil physico-chemical property of table
The nutrient content of different disposal class reed is as shown in table 10.Carbon of the addition of material and earthworm in addition to significantly reducing soil
Except nitrogen ratio (p < 0.05), soil respiration rates, urase, invertase, catalase and Soil neutral phosphatase activity are significantly high
(p < 0.05) is handled without earthworm (CK) in no organic materials.For urase, cow dung (CCK) and cow dung+grand Pheretimatschiliensis
(CP) processing is all remarkably higher than rice straw (SCK) and rice straw+grand Pheretimatschiliensis (SP) processing (p < 0.05)；Rice straw+grand Pheretimatschiliensis
(SP) Activity of Catalase in Soil handled is significantly higher than rice straw (SCK).
10 different disposal Soil bioremediation of table
In conclusion the addition of rice straw and cow dung can remarkably promote the growth of class reed and the absorption of phosphorus, potassium.Wherein,
Rice straw, cow dung and the combined administration of earthworm can significantly promote the biomass of class reed overground part and underground part；Rice straw (cow dung) and
The application of earthworm and significantly improve soil nutrient and biological property.In short, the combined administration of earthworm and organic materials can be used for
Improve the soil degenerated.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above, it should be understood that the ordinary skill of this field is without wound
The property made labour, which according to the present invention can conceive, makes many modifications and variations.Therefore, all technician in the art
According to present inventive concept by logic analysis, reasoning or according to the limited available technology of experiment in prior art basis
Scheme, should be among the protection scope determined by the claims.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method that improvement degenerated soil is administered in combination using earthworm and organic materials, which is characterized in that under successively including
State step:
1) it is mixed in soil per acre and applies 1500-3000kg organic materials, water wetting surface was spread every 2 days, is balanced 20 days；
2) adult earthworm is put into step 2) treated in soil, the soil of soil per acre launches the earthworm of 200-400kg.
2. a kind of method that improvement degenerated soil is administered in combination using earthworm and organic materials according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the soil is red earth.
3. the method according to claim 1 that improvement degenerated soil is administered in combination using earthworm and organic materials, feature
It is, the organic materials is one of cow dung, rice straw or combination.
4. a kind of method that improvement degenerated soil is administered in combination using earthworm and organic materials according to claim 3,
It is characterized in that, the cow dung and rice straw mass ratio are 1:1.
5. a kind of method that improvement degenerated soil is administered in combination using earthworm and organic materials according to claim 3,
It is characterized in that, the rice straw is to be cut into 2-3cm after fetching water rice straw natural air drying, be crushed spare after 2mm is sieved.
6. a kind of method that improvement degenerated soil is administered in combination using earthworm and organic materials according to claim 3,
It is characterized in that, the cow dung is to take fresh cow dung that water content 60% is kept to bank up naturally 15 days, is dried, sieving for standby.
7. the method according to claim 1 that improvement degenerated soil is administered in combination using earthworm and organic materials, feature
It is, the earthworm is grand Pheretimatschiliensis.
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