CN109164691A - It is a kind of to realize the off-axis digital holography phase conjugation method focused through scattering medium - Google Patents

It is a kind of to realize the off-axis digital holography phase conjugation method focused through scattering medium Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109164691A
CN109164691A CN201810961071.6A CN201810961071A CN109164691A CN 109164691 A CN109164691 A CN 109164691A CN 201810961071 A CN201810961071 A CN 201810961071A CN 109164691 A CN109164691 A CN 109164691A
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phase
light
scattering
scattering medium
conjugation
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薛彬
张凯
郑字佳
马馨玉
王栋梁
齐睿
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Tianjin University
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Tianjin University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03HHOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/04Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
    • G03H1/0443Digital holography, i.e. recording holograms with digital recording means
    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03HHOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/04Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
    • G03H1/10Processes or apparatus for producing holograms using modulated reference beam
    • G03H1/12Spatial modulation, e.g. ghost imaging
    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03HHOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/04Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
    • G03H1/0443Digital holography, i.e. recording holograms with digital recording means
    • G03H2001/0445Off-axis recording arrangement

Abstract

Realize that the off-axis digital holography phase focused through scattering medium is conjugated method the invention discloses a kind of, the described method includes: phase extraction and phase are conjugated reduction process, wherein, phase extraction process is based on off-axis digital holography principle, build phase extraction system, the off-axis gaussian beam interference pattern of object light and reference light is obtained using phase extraction system, and obtains phase conjugation figure using two-dimensional Fourier transform and space filtering;Reference light is radiated in the spatial light modulator for being loaded with phase conjugation figure in phase conjugation reduction process, and generation time inverting light focuses to realize through scattering medium.Principle of this method based on off-axis gaussian beam, speckle phase is extracted by the interference figure of object light speckle and reference light with differential seat angle, reduction is conjugated in conjunction with phase and realizes that scattering light inhibits scattering process along backtracking, and then realizes the optical focus through scattering medium and imaging.

Description

It is a kind of to realize the off-axis digital holography phase conjugation method focused through scattering medium
Technical field
The present invention relates to scattering medium optical imaging fields more particularly to a kind of realize to penetrate the off-axis of scattering medium focusing Digital hologram phase is conjugated method.
Background technique
In daily life, cloud, mist, milk, tissue etc. are light scattering medium.Since light occurs in scattering medium Light wave face has been upset in random scatter, is to restrict medicine so being difficult to be directly realized by optical focus and imaging for its internal object Imaging depth and an important factor for resolution ratio in diagnosis and treatment.In order to regulate and control scattering light wave face, inhibit light scattering process, people mention in succession The multiple technologies such as wavefront shaping, transmission matrix are gone out to realize focusing and imaging through scattering medium.Wavefront shaping is to utilize A kind of method of the specific signal for focusing observation point as feedback regulation incident field, it is real using distorting lens or spatial light modulator The light wave of incident scatter medium is modulated in advance now, is focused to realize through scattering medium.Transmission matrix is to utilize light The matrixing of field indicates, and scattering medium is regarded a Special matrix, and core is to solve for the corresponding matrix parameter of scattering medium, To realize focusing.
Optical phase conjugation technology realizes the time reversal of light wave using the phase conjugation modulation in light wave face, can have Wavefront distortion is pointedly compensated, inhibits scattering process to realize and focuses and be imaged, compared to traditional scattering light imaging technique, tool There is the characteristics of fast response time, strong real-time, is the research hotspot in presently relevant field.
Traditional optical phase conjugation technology mainly records using crystal as light phase and restores medium, records the time Long, it is a kind of analogue modulation system that scattered light intensity, which requires height,.
Summary of the invention
Realize that the off-axis digital holography phase focused through scattering medium is conjugated method, the present invention the present invention provides a kind of A kind of optical phase conjugation system based on off-axis digital holography is devised, principle of the system based on off-axis gaussian beam passes through tool The interference figure of the object light speckle of angled difference and reference light extracts speckle phase, thus realize scattering light along backtracking, Inhibit scattering process, and then realizes the optical focus through scattering medium and imaging, described below:
It is a kind of to realize the off-axis digital holography phase conjugation method focused through scattering medium, which comprises phase It extracts and phase is conjugated reduction process,
Wherein, phase extraction process is based on off-axis digital holography principle, builds phase extraction system, utilizes phase extraction system System obtains the off-axis gaussian beam interference pattern of object light and reference light, and obtains phase using two-dimensional Fourier transform and space filtering and be conjugated Figure;
Reference light is radiated in the spatial light modulator for being loaded with phase conjugation figure in phase conjugation reduction process, when generation Between inverting light to realize through scattering medium focus;
Wherein, the phase extraction system specifically:
It is water that the beam of laser that laser issues adjusts its polarization direction after optoisolator, 1/2 wave plate and polarizing film Square to guarantee the maximum modulation efficiency of spatial light modulator;
Be classified as two beam laser using the first spectroscope, light beam as object light by third spectroscope, the first object lens, Diffusion sheet and the second object lens are reflected by a reflector into the second spectroscope, and another Shu Zuowei reference light is by the first lens, optical filtering Become collimator and extender light after piece and the second lens, close beam at the second spectroscope with object light, it is total to enter digit optical phase together Yoke system;The interference pattern in camera acquisition spatial light modulator in digit optical phase conjugate system, to the interference pattern Spectrum analysis is carried out, the conjugate phase that just can obtain speckle object light field is calculated by frequency domain filtering and inverse Fourier transform.
Further, the interference pattern in the camera acquisition spatial light modulator in the digit optical phase conjugate system Sample carries out spectrum analysis to the interference pattern, being total to for speckle object light field is calculated by frequency domain filtering and inverse Fourier transform Yoke phase.
Further, the process of the time reversal specifically:
It is provided on the first spectroscope and is placed with baffle, adjust reference light light intensity, loaded and dissipate in spatial light modulator Spot conjugate phase;
Reference light forms the light wave with former speckle phase conjugation after phase modulation of spatial light modulators, i.e., to scattering light Conjugation compensation is carried out, the light wave of time reversal is formed, after scatter plate, is gathered on detection camera by the third lens It is burnt;
Time reversal light overcomes scattering effect to realize through scattering medium focusing.
The beneficial effect of the technical scheme provided by the present invention is that: off-axis digital holography phase conjugation is used, is only passed through One width digital hologram interference pattern can parse speckle phase and carry out phase conjugation reduction, can greatly shorten phase extraction Time improves phase and is conjugated reduction rate, to realize that the focusing of dynamic scattering medium provides possibility.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of off-axis gaussian beam digit phase conjugated system phase extraction;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of off-axis gaussian beam digit phase conjugated system conjugation reduction;
Fig. 3 is the collected interference pattern of camera;
Fig. 4 is the corresponding Fourier spectrum figure of interference pattern;
Fig. 5 is the conjugate phase figure being calculated;
Fig. 6 is the focused view through speckle pattern and the phase conjugation of scattering medium.
1 --- laser;2 --- isolator;3 --- 1/2 wave plate;4 --- polarizing film;5,9,10,15 --- spectroscope; 6,8,17,21 --- convex lens;7 --- optical filter;11,13 --- microcobjective;12 --- scattering medium;14 --- reflection Mirror;16 --- spatial light modulator;18 --- digit optical phase conjugate system;19,22 --- camera;20 --- baffle.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, embodiment of the present invention is made below further Ground detailed description.
Recently as the continuous development of opto-electronic device, one kind passing through camera and spatial light modulator (Spatial Light Modulator, SLM) realize that the record of light phase and the digital modulation mode of recovery have gradually developed respectively.With mould Quasi- modulation system is compared, and digital modulation mode controllability is strong, high sensitivity, the time for exposure is short and limits without wavelength and light intensity, tool There is wider application prospect.
Embodiment 1
Realize that the off-axis digital holography phase focused through scattering medium is conjugated method the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of, Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, this method comprises: phase extraction and phase are conjugated reduction process,
Wherein, phase extraction process is based primarily upon off-axis digital holography principle, obtains object light and reference light using camera Off-axis gaussian beam interference pattern, and phase conjugation figure is obtained using two-dimensional Fourier transform and space filtering.
Reference light is radiated in the spatial light modulator for being loaded with phase conjugation figure in phase conjugation reduction process, when generation Between inverting light to realize through scattering medium focus.
The embodiment of the present invention combines off-axis digital holography principle and phase conjugation, can overcome the light of scattering medium The characteristics of scattering properties, realization penetrates the focusing of scattering medium, and has fast response time, strong real-time.
Embodiment 2
The scheme in embodiment 1 is further introduced below with reference to Fig. 1-Fig. 2, calculation formula and example, is detailed in It is described below:
The embodiment of the present invention devises a kind of optical phase conjugation system based on off-axis digital holography, the systematic schematic diagram As depicted in figs. 1 and 2.Principle of the system based on off-axis gaussian beam is made by the interference of object light and reference light with differential seat angle For extracting the phase of scattering light, to realize that scattering light inhibits scattering process along backtracking, and then realizes and be situated between through scattering The optical focus of matter and imaging.
One, the principle of off-axis gaussian beam extraction conjugate phase is as follows:
Consider two-dimensional surface, it is assumed that reference light is a branch of uniform planar light, and initial phase isVertical incidence SLM is flat Face, then its optical field distribution can indicate on SLM are as follows:
Wherein, A (x, y) is to refer to the bivariate distribution function of light amplitude in X/Y plane.
Make object light and X-direction in α angle incidence SLM plane, then object light light wave face can indicate are as follows:
O (x, y)=B (x, y) e-j2πξxe-jφ(x,y) (2)
Wherein,λ is optical wavelength, and B (x, y) is the bivariate distribution function in X/Y plane object light amplitude.
Using the intensity signal of CMOS camera acquisition SLM surface, two-dimensional sampling theorem is considered, then α needs to meet in above formula:
α≤αmax=arccos (the Δ of λ/2 x) (3)
Wherein, Δ x is the Pixel Dimensions of camera.Its light distribution can indicate are as follows:
Wherein,For reference light,For object light,To be conjugated reference light,To be conjugated object light.
Fourier analysis in two dimensions is done to the light distribution image to be easy to get:
Wherein,It is the frequency spectrum of speckle object light field, F represents two-dimensional Fourier transform, and ☆ is represented Related operation, δ (u, v) are impulse function.
By Fourier analysis in two dimensions as can be seen thatThe different location in frequency spectrum is respectively appeared in, if Setting suitable two-dimentional bandpass filter can be by the frequency spectrum comprising speckle light fieldIndividually extract, then into Row two dimension inverse Fourier transform just can obtain the amplitude and phase of speckle object light field.
Wherein, the position of U3, U4 change with the change of angle [alpha], and center determines two-dimentional bandpass filter Center, speckle phase complexity determine the spectral range size of U3, U4, thus two-dimentional bandpass filter need to according to the angle α and Speckle distribution is configured and adjusts, and is an empirical parameter, needs determines according to actual conditions.
UtilizeIt obtainsBy phase distribution load on SLM, then make Reference light can be obtained with being conjugated angle incidence justDirectly generate the conjugate phase light field of speckle object light field.
Two, realize that scattering optical phase conjugation reduction focuses and the process of imaging is broadly divided into two parts.
(1) phase extraction
As shown in Fig. 1, the beam of laser that laser 1 issues is adjusted after optoisolator 2,1/2 wave plate 3 and polarizing film 4 Saving its polarization direction is horizontal direction, to guarantee the maximum modulation efficiency of SLM16.It is classified as later using the first spectroscope 5 Two beam laser, light beam are reflected as object light by third spectroscope 10, the first object lens 11, diffusion sheet 12 and the second object lens 13 Mirror 14 is reflected into the second spectroscope 9, and another Shu Zuowei reference light becomes after the first lens 6, optical filter 7 and the second lens 8 For collimator and extender light, beam is closed at the second spectroscope 9 with object light, enters 18 (Digital of digit optical phase conjugate system together Optical Phase Conjugation,DOPC)。
Wherein, reference light vertical incidence SLM16, object light is then incident in the angle α with reference light, and the angle α need to meet formula (3).DOPC CMOS camera 19 in system acquires the interference pattern on SLM16, carries out spectrum analysis to the interference pattern, passes through frequency domain filtering The conjugate phase that just can obtain speckle object light field is calculated with inverse Fourier transform.
Digit optical phase conjugation based on off-axis gaussian beam, key are to separate the frequency spectrum containing object light field phase Information.The angular deviation of two-beam is bigger, then adjacent bright (dark) fringe spacing is smaller, and interference fringe is closeer.It is being no more than its phase In the case that machine resolution ratio meets formula (3), increase the differential seat angle of reference light and object light as far as possible, it is each when guaranteeing Fourier transformation Grade optical spectrum can separate as far as possible.In addition, according to formula (5), as long as guaranteeing that the opposite incident angle of reference light and object light is constant, in frequency The distance of rate domain object light field and center light field just remains unchanged.So the relative angle of fixed reference light and object light, in frequency domain Suitable spatial filter is arranged in surround light field, then can preferably reduzate light field phase.
(2) phase-modulation and time reversal
Time reversal process is shown in attached drawing 2, places baffle 20 as shown in the figure, adjusts reference light light intensity, loads and dissipates on SLM16 Spot conjugate phase.Reference light forms the light wave with former speckle phase conjugation after SLM16 phase-modulation, i.e., carries out to scattering light Conjugation compensation, forms the light wave of time reversal, after scatter plate 12, by the third lens 21 on detection camera 22 It focuses.Unmodulated light can not realize on 22 surface of detection camera and focus that it is saturating that time reversal light can then overcome scattering effect to realize Cross scattering medium focusing.
Embodiment 3
The scheme in Examples 1 and 2 is further introduced below with reference to the model of specific device, it is as detailed below to retouch It states:
During phase extraction, laser can be the HeNe laser of 633nm, and 6 focal length of the first lens is 15mm, the Two lens, 8 focal length is 250mm, includes the 4th spectroscope 15, SLM16, CMOS camera 19 and the third lens 17 in DOPC system 18 (f=100mm), SLM16 is the PLUTO-VIS-016 of Holoeye company, resolution ratio 1920pixel*1080pixel, pixel ruler It very little 8 μm * 8 μm, is mounted on the combination adjusting bracket an of six degree of freedom.CMOS camera 19 is PCO.EDGE 3.1, and highest is differentiated Rate 2048pixel*1536pixel, 6.5 μm * 6.5 μm of Pixel Dimensions.Since 19 Pixel Dimensions of SLM and CMOS camera mismatch, So needing to adjust the third lens 17 makes the plane of SLM16 and CMOS camera 19 object-image relation each other, with guarantee SLM16 and The alignment one by one of 19 pixel of COMS camera, so that COMS camera 19 can accurately extract the interference figure on SLM16.
According to theoretical calculation, the object-image relation of convex lens 17 meets u+v=f (M+1)2/ M (u: object distance, v: image distance, f: Focal length, M: amplification factor), the object magnification known to the Pixel Dimensions of SLM16 and CMOS camera 19 is M=6.5/8= 0.8125.The position for adjusting the third lens 17 makes object-image relation meet M, obtains the interference pattern on CMOS camera 19.In order to straight Sight is illustrated, and Fig. 3 is during phase extraction, and the interference pattern that CMOS camera 19 obtains when not placing diffusion sheet can be bright The aobvious bright dark fringe seeing off-axis gaussian beam and generating.
The available two-dimentional Fourier as shown in Figure 4 of Fourier analysis is carried out to Fig. 3 and changes spectrogram.Choose spectrogram In object light region, carry out inverse Fourier transform calculate available conjugate phase figure as shown in Figure 5, which is loaded On SLM16, reference light incidence SLM16, reflected light is then phase-conjugation light, again as shown in Fig. 2, utilizing after scattering medium Detect the lightwave signal of camera 22 (i.e. CCD camera) receiving time inverting.
Fig. 6 is lab diagram when placing diffusion sheet.When left figure is not enabled DOPC system 18, collected in CCD camera 22 Non-phase conjugate beam speckle pattern, Returning beam directly impinges upon on scatter plate 12 at this time, emergent light formed speckle point diagram.Right figure It is collected phase conjugation figure in CCD camera 22, it can be seen that phase-conjugation light compared with left figure when enabling DOPC system 18 Focusing is realized through scattering medium.
The embodiment of the present invention to the model of each device in addition to doing specified otherwise, the model of other devices with no restrictions, As long as the device of above-mentioned function can be completed.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that attached drawing is the schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment, the embodiments of the present invention Serial number is for illustration only, does not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention and Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of realize the off-axis digital holography phase conjugation method focused through scattering medium, which is characterized in that the method It include: that phase extraction and phase are conjugated reduction process,
Wherein, phase extraction process is based on off-axis digital holography principle, builds phase extraction system, is obtained using phase extraction system The off-axis gaussian beam interference pattern of object light and reference light is taken, and obtains phase conjugation figure using two-dimensional Fourier transform and space filtering;
Reference light is radiated in the spatial light modulator for being loaded with phase conjugation figure in phase conjugation reduction process, and generation time is anti- Light is drilled to realize and focus through scattering medium;
Wherein, the phase extraction system specifically:
It is level side that the beam of laser that laser issues adjusts its polarization direction after optoisolator, 1/2 wave plate and polarizing film To guarantee the maximum modulation efficiency of spatial light modulator;
Two beam laser are classified as using the first spectroscope, light beam is as object light by third spectroscope, the first object lens, scattering Piece and the second object lens are reflected by a reflector into the second spectroscope, another Shu Zuowei reference light by the first lens, optical filter and Become collimator and extender light after second lens, close beam at the second spectroscope with object light, enters digit optical phase conjugated system together System;The interference pattern in camera acquisition spatial light modulator in digit optical phase conjugate system, carries out the interference pattern Spectrum analysis calculates the conjugate phase that just can obtain speckle object light field by frequency domain filtering and inverse Fourier transform.
2. a kind of off-axis digital holography phase conjugation method realized through scattering medium focusing according to claim 1, It is characterized in that,
The interference pattern in camera acquisition spatial light modulator in the digit optical phase conjugate system, to the interference pattern Spectrum analysis is carried out, the conjugate phase of speckle object light field is calculated by frequency domain filtering and inverse Fourier transform.
3. a kind of off-axis digital holography phase conjugation method realized through scattering medium focusing according to claim 1, It is characterized in that, the process of the time reversal specifically:
It is provided with baffle on the first spectroscope, adjusts reference light light intensity, speckle conjugate phase is loaded in spatial light modulator;
Reference light forms the light wave with former speckle phase conjugation after phase modulation of spatial light modulators, i.e., carries out to scattering light Conjugation compensation, forms the light wave of time reversal, after scatter plate, focuses on detection camera by the third lens;
Time reversal light overcomes scattering effect to realize through scattering medium focusing.
CN201810961071.6A 2018-08-22 2018-08-22 It is a kind of to realize the off-axis digital holography phase conjugation method focused through scattering medium Pending CN109164691A (en)

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CN116777750A (en) * 2023-07-31 2023-09-19 山东黄河三角洲国家级自然保护区管理委员会 Focusing stack parallax dimension super-resolution method and device based on parallax dimension filtering
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Application publication date: 20190108

RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication