CN109164028B - Seepage and settlement test device and method considering vertical seepage - Google Patents
Seepage and settlement test device and method considering vertical seepage Download PDFInfo
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- CN109164028B CN109164028B CN201811106721.5A CN201811106721A CN109164028B CN 109164028 B CN109164028 B CN 109164028B CN 201811106721 A CN201811106721 A CN 201811106721A CN 109164028 B CN109164028 B CN 109164028B
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013401 experimental design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000079 presaturation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/0806—Details, e.g. sample holders, mounting samples for testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
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Abstract
The invention relates to a seepage and settlement test device and a test method considering vertical seepage, and belongs to the field of test equipment. The interior of a porous settling column I of the seepage and settling test device considering vertical seepage is of a hollow structure; a support is placed in the first settling column with the hole, and an exhaust valve and a drain valve which are communicated with the first settling column with the hole are respectively arranged on the column body of the first settling column with the hole; the interior of the second settling column with holes is of a hollow structure, and a column body of the second settling column with holes is provided with a row of bottom valves communicated with the interior of the column body; the drain valve on the first settling column with the hole is detachably connected with the bottom valve of the second settling column with the hole; and a settlement test soil sample is arranged at the top end of the bracket. The seepage and settlement test device considering the vertical seepage can simulate the influence of the vertical seepage on the settlement consolidation process, can flexibly simulate the height and the change of the underground water level, and expands the research content of the indoor settlement test.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a seepage and settlement test device and a test method considering vertical seepage, and belongs to the field of test equipment.
Background
With the rapid development of the economy of China, the land resources in coastal areas of the east of China are increasingly lacking. In order to solve the problem of the shield of the mole, large-scale land making engineering is continuously developed, which also needs deeper research on the sedimentation process. In most of the previous indoor tests, columnar containers with different sizes are used as sedimentation containers, and holes can be drilled on the sedimentation columns and valves can be installed on the sedimentation columns, so that drainage or collection of soil bodies near the valves can be realized; the hole can be also provided with asbestos gauze to prevent particles from escaping, and the asbestos gauze is connected with a pore pressure meter so as to observe the change of pore water pressure in the sedimentation process; in addition, a vacuum mud suction nozzle is arranged at the upper end of the settling column in a test, so that soil bodies in different deep positions can be obtained more conveniently and rapidly for subsequent analysis and research. The above devices can obtain other data such as a change curve of pore pressure, a change of water content of the soil body at a certain moment of deposition, a change of particle distribution and the like while observing the soil body settlement.
However, in the actual engineering application process, for a hydraulic fill site, since the bottom is a soil body rather than a base assumed to be in an ideal impervious state in a test, a certain permeability coefficient exists, which may cause deviation of the law of settlement obtained in a laboratory observed in the engineering site, and may affect the estimation of the settlement duration and elevation. In addition, in the sedimentation process, the groundwater is supplemented by the water in the settled soil body due to the seepage effect, so that the change of the groundwater level can be caused, the groundwater is not supplemented by the settled soil body in the actual hydraulic reclamation process at a constant speed, and the sedimentation process is influenced to a certain extent by the height change of the groundwater. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a testing apparatus that can take into account both the influence of bottom seepage during sedimentation and the influence of the change in water level of the bottom water caused by seepage on sedimentation.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects, the invention adopts a seepage and settlement test device and a test method considering vertical seepage; the sedimentation rule under the condition of simulating the existence of vertical seepage is more similar to that in the actual engineering. And a device capable of simulating permeation and a corresponding matched water collecting device are arranged at the bottom of the sedimentation, and are used for calculating the magnitude and the change of the permeation rate in the test.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the seepage and settlement test device considering the vertical seepage comprises a first settling column with holes, a second settling column with holes, a support, an exhaust valve, a drain valve and a bottom valve; the interior of the settling column I with the hole is of a hollow structure; a support is placed in the first settling column with the hole, and an exhaust valve and a drain valve which are communicated with the first settling column with the hole are respectively arranged on the column body of the first settling column with the hole; the interior of the second settling column with holes is of a hollow structure, and a column body of the second settling column with holes is provided with a row of bottom valves communicated with the interior of the column body; the drain valve on the first settling column with the hole is detachably connected with the bottom valve of the second settling column with the hole; and a settlement test soil sample is arranged at the top end of the bracket.
According to the seepage and settlement test device considering vertical seepage, the upper end and the lower end of a settlement test soil sample are respectively provided with the permeable stones.
According to the seepage and sedimentation test device considering vertical seepage, the drain valve is positioned at the bottom end of the settling column with the hole; an exhaust valve is arranged above the drain valve.
According to the seepage and settlement test device considering vertical seepage, the edge of the permeable stone is provided with the sealing ring; the upper and lower ends of the permeable stone are respectively provided with filter paper.
According to the seepage and sedimentation test device considering vertical seepage, scales are arranged on the inner wall of the porous sedimentation column I in an upward extending mode from the bottom end of the inner wall.
The invention relates to a penetration test method of a penetration and sedimentation test device considering vertical penetration, which comprises the following test steps:
1) placing a bracket in the first settling column with the hole and closing the exhaust valve and the drain valve; a permeable stone is placed at the top end of the bracket; soil materials with certain thickness are filled at the upper part of the permeable stone;
2) injecting water into the settling column I with the hole until the soil in the step 1) is completely soaked and stands;
3) placing the soil material in the settled settling column I with the hole in a water absorption saturation state; opening a drain valve to drain the internal stored water;
4) placing another permeable stone on the top end of the soaked saturated soil material; filling soil on the permeable stone; reading the water level height of one bottom end of the settling column with the hole;
5) and opening the exhaust valve, and starting a simulation test of underground water level permeation by the settling column with the hole to obtain the permeation coefficient.
The invention relates to a settlement test method of a seepage and settlement test device considering vertical seepage, which comprises the following test steps:
1) placing a bracket in the first settling column with the hole and closing the exhaust valve and the drain valve; a permeable stone is placed at the top end of the bracket; soil materials with certain thickness are filled at the upper part of the permeable stone;
2) communicating a drain valve on the first settling column with the hole with a bottom valve of a second settling column with the hole through a hose;
3) simultaneously injecting water into the first settling column with the hole and the second settling column with the hole, and soaking the soil material in the step 1); and the water level is not higher than the top of the soil material and stands still; keeping the heights of the water levels in the first settling column with the hole and the second settling column with the hole consistent;
4) placing the soil material in the settled settling column I with the hole in a water absorption saturation state; placing another permeable stone on the upper end of the saturated soil material, and filling the permeable stone with soil material;
5) continuing to inject water into the first settling column with the hole and the second settling column with the hole to keep the water level consistent;
6) opening the drain valve and the bottom valve; carrying out a sedimentation simulation experiment at the beginning of the sedimentation column with the hole; and recording the relevant data of the sedimentation test and the height change of the water level in the corresponding No. I and No. II sedimentation columns.
According to the penetration test method of the penetration and sedimentation test device considering the vertical penetration, the soaking and standing time is 24 hours.
According to the settlement test method of the seepage and settlement test device considering the vertical seepage, the soaking and standing time is 24 hours.
Advantageous effects
The seepage and settlement test device considering the vertical seepage can simulate the influence of the vertical seepage on the settlement consolidation process, can flexibly simulate the height and the change of the underground water level, and expands the research content of the indoor settlement test.
The test method of the seepage and sedimentation test device considering the vertical seepage adopts the scheme of pre-saturation and standing of the soil sample, accurately simulates the seepage and sedimentation processes, and reduces errors.
The seepage and sedimentation test device considering vertical seepage can stabilize the air pressure in the sedimentation column through the exhaust valve; ensuring the normal work of the infiltration area.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the seal ring of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a seal ring according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the seal ring of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of the bracket of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a perspective view of the stent of the present invention.
In the figure: 1 is a settling column I with holes; 2 is a settling column II with holes; 3 is a permeable stone; 4 is filter paper; 5 is a bracket; 6 is an exhaust valve; 7 is a drain valve; and 8 is a bottom valve.
Detailed Description
In order to make the purpose and technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the invention:
as shown in fig. 1: a seepage and sedimentation test device considering vertical seepage comprises a first settling column with holes 1, a second settling column with holes 2, a support 5, an exhaust valve 6, a drain valve 7 and a bottom valve 8; the interior of the settling column I1 with the hole is of a hollow structure; a support 5 is placed in the first settling column 1 with the hole, and an exhaust valve 6 and a drain valve 7 which are communicated with the interior of the first settling column 1 with the hole are respectively arranged on the column body of the first settling column 1 with the hole; the interior of the second settling column 2 with holes is of a hollow structure, and a column body of the second settling column 2 with holes is provided with a row of bottom valves 8 communicated with the interior of the column body; the drain valve 7 on the first settling column 1 with holes is detachably connected with the bottom valve 8 of the second settling column 2 with holes; and a settlement test soil sample is arranged at the top end of the bracket 5. The upper end and the lower end of the soil sample of the settlement test are respectively provided with a permeable stone 3; the upper end and the lower end of the permeable stone 3 are respectively attached with filter paper 4; the edge of the permeable stone 3 is provided with a sealing ring; the inner wall of the settling column I1 with the hole extends upwards with the bottom end provided with scales.
The infiltration test method of the infiltration and sedimentation test device considering the vertical infiltration is characterized in that: the test procedure was as follows:
1) the bottom of the settling column with the hole and the scale of 30cm are respectively provided with a drain valve 7 and an exhaust valve 6, and the cross-shaped bracket is placed at the bottom of the No. I settling column;
2) putting a permeable stone 3 with a sealing ring into the settling column I with the hole, pushing the permeable stone to the bracket, putting filter paper 4, and filling permeable soil with a certain thickness;
3) closing a drainage valve 7 and an exhaust valve 6, injecting water into the first settling column with the hole to a height of submerging the soil material, standing for 24 hours, opening the drainage valve 7 to discharge water, and pushing filter paper and another permeable stone 3 with a sealing ring from the upper part;
4) and after the water penetrating the soil material is drained, pushing another piece of filter paper 4 into the porous settling column I, reading the position scale of each layer, recording the thickness L of the penetrating soil material, and opening an exhaust valve to perform a settling test.
5) And after the test is started, the height from the liquid level of the water level in the first porous settling column and the second porous settling column to the bottom H of the permeable soil material is recorded while the relevant sedimentation data is recorded, and the water collection flow q of the water collection area and the area A of the permeable stone with the sealing ring can calculate the permeability coefficient. When the experimental design needs to simulate the change of the underground water line in the settling zone, the exhaust valve can be closed, and the change condition of the underground water line in the No. I settling column can be simulated by injecting water and draining water into the second settling column with the hole. The permeability coefficient k is calculated by the formula:
in the formula: k is the permeability coefficient, i is the hydraulic gradient, A is the permeable stone area, L is the permeable soil thickness, and H is the height from the liquid level to the permeable soil height.
The invention provides a settlement test method of a seepage and settlement test device considering vertical seepage, which comprises the following test steps:
1) connecting a drain valve of the first perforated settling column with a valve at the bottom of the second perforated settling column by using a hose, closing an exhaust valve, and putting a cross-shaped support into the first perforated settling column;
2) putting a permeable stone with a sealing ring into the first settling column with the hole, pushing the permeable stone to the bracket, putting filter paper, and filling permeable soil with a certain thickness;
3) injecting water into the two settling columns until the liquid level is equal to the height of the liquid level and the height of the water is higher than the height of the soil material to be permeated, standing for 24 hours, pushing filter paper and another permeable stone with a sealing ring into the settling columns with holes, and pushing another piece of filter paper into the settling columns with holes;
4) and continuously injecting water into the two settling columns until the liquid level is equal to the height and reaches the water level height required by the settling process, reading the position height of each layer, and performing a settling test in the settling column I.
5) And changing the water level height of the No. II settling column according to the experimental design, and recording the relevant data of the settling test and the height change of the water level in the corresponding No. I and No. II settling columns.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (5)
1. A settlement test method adopts a seepage and settlement test device considering vertical seepage, and the device comprises a first settling column (1) with holes, a second settling column (2) with holes, a bracket (5), an exhaust valve (6), a drain valve (7) and a bottom valve (8); the interior of the first settling column (1) with the hole is of a hollow structure; a support (5) is placed in the first settling column (1) with the hole, and an exhaust valve (6) and a drain valve (7) which are communicated with the column body of the first settling column (1) with the hole are respectively arranged on the column body of the first settling column (1) with the hole; the interior of the second settling column (2) with the hole is of a hollow structure, and a bottom valve (8) communicated with the interior of the shaft of the second settling column (2) with the hole is arranged on the shaft of the second settling column with the hole; a drain valve (7) on the first settling column (1) with the hole is detachably connected with a bottom valve (8) of the second settling column (2) with the hole; a settlement test soil sample is arranged at the top end of the bracket (5); the method is characterized in that:
1) placing a bracket (5) in the settling column I (1) with the hole and closing an exhaust valve (6) and a drain valve (7); the top end of the bracket (5) is provided with a permeable stone (3); the upper part of the permeable stone (3) is filled with a test soil sample with a certain thickness;
2) a drain valve (7) on the settling column I (1) with the hole is communicated with a bottom valve (8) of the settling column II (2) with the hole through a hose;
3) simultaneously injecting water into the first settling column (1) with the holes and the second settling column (2) with the holes, and soaking the soil sample in the step 1); and the water level is higher than the top of the test soil sample and stands still; keeping the water level heights in the first settling column (1) with the hole and the second settling column (2) with the hole consistent;
4) placing a test soil sample in the settled settling column I (1) with the hole in a water absorption saturation state; placing another permeable stone (3) at the upper end of the saturated test soil sample, and filling the test soil sample on the other permeable stone (3);
5) continuously injecting water into the first settling column (1) with the hole and the second settling column (2) with the hole to keep the water level height consistent;
6) opening a drain valve (7) and a bottom valve (8); beginning a settlement simulation test on the settlement column I (1) with the hole; and changing the height change of the water level in the second settling column (2) with holes according to the design of the settling test, and recording the relevant data of the settling test and the height change of the water level in the corresponding first settling column (1) with holes and the second settling column (2) with holes.
2. The sedimentation test method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the drain valve (7) is positioned at the bottom end of the first settling column (1) with the hole; an exhaust valve (6) is arranged above the drain valve (7).
3. The sedimentation test method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the edge of the permeable stone (3) is provided with a sealing ring; the upper end and the lower end of the permeable stone (3) are respectively provided with filter paper (4).
4. The sedimentation test method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inner wall of the settling column I (1) with the hole extends upwards to form scales at the bottom end.
5. The sedimentation test method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the standing time was 24 hours.
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