CN109164005B - Method for determining proportion of condensed water in asphalt mortar - Google Patents
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Abstract
A method for determining the proportion of condensed water in asphalt mortar. Belongs to the field of road building material detection. At present, a method for determining the proportion of condensed water in asphalt mortar is lacked. The method comprises the steps of measuring the equilibrium adsorption capacity of an asphalt mortar test piece under a dry condition under each humidity; calculating the equilibrium desorption amount of the test piece under each humidity; obtaining an adsorption-desorption curve of the asphalt mortar test piece by using data analysis software; and then calculating the thickness of the water molecule layer, obtaining the relation between the thickness of the water molecule layer and the water content in the asphalt mortar under the humidity condition, drawing a curve graph of the equilibrium water content and the thickness of the water molecule layer, and obtaining the proportion of the condensed water in the test piece according to the proportion of the difference value obtained by subtracting the integral area of the curve and the integral area of the straight line with the maximum slope and the total area. The method realizes the division of the proportion of the condensed water in the asphalt mortar, provides a method for researching the damage mechanism of the asphalt mixture under the action of the gaseous water, and has reference significance for improving the durability of the asphalt pavement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of road building material detection methods, and particularly relates to a method for determining a proportion of condensed water in asphalt mortar.
Background
Moisture is one of the important factors affecting the durability of asphalt pavements. Because the stone material has larger water adsorption than asphalt cement, water can enter the joint of asphalt and stone material to strip the asphalt and stone material, thereby generating cracks, looseness, pot holes and other damages; in addition, water can penetrate into the asphalt cement to reduce the viscosity of asphalt. The combined action of the two aspects reduces the strength and the durability of the asphalt pavement and shortens the service life of the asphalt pavement.
Liquid water is generally considered to be the only cause of water damage to asphalt pavements, but a great deal of engineering practice shows that the water damage to the asphalt pavements does not only occur in humid and rainy areas, but also occurs in arid and rainy areas in a large amount, such as Gansu province, inner Mongolia, Xinjiang autonomous region, Asian Sagnac state in the United states, and the like. The reason for water damage of the road surface in the dry areas is that the moisture content of the atmosphere is very low, and the underground water is driven by the humidity gradient to diffuse upwards in the form of gaseous water and is accumulated inside the pores of the asphalt road surface. Therefore, the research on the damage of the asphalt pavement by the gaseous water is an important branch of the water damage of the asphalt pavement, but the mechanism is not considered for a long time.
In addition, the gaseous water has condensation phenomena of different degrees in the adsorption process, and as the condensed water is one of the key characteristics of the transmission characteristic of the gaseous water in the porous medium, the research on the condensation phenomenon of the gaseous water in the asphalt mortar is particularly important; the proportion of condensed water is an evaluation index of the condensation characteristic of gaseous water, but at present, no method is used for dividing the proportion of the condensed water in the asphalt mortar. The method combines the test and the theoretical analysis to realize the division of the proportion of the condensed water in the asphalt mortar.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that a method for determining the proportion of the condensed water in the asphalt mortar is lacked at present, and provides a method for determining the proportion of the condensed water in the asphalt mortar.
A method for determining the proportion of condensed water in asphalt mortar is realized by the following technical scheme:
preparing a phi 100mm multiplied by 80mm cylindrical asphalt mortar test piece by using a rotary compaction method, and then preparing a phi 100mm multiplied by 4 +/-1 mm sheet test piece by using a cutting machine, wherein the height ratio of the test piece diameter is 10-40, so that one-dimensional diffusion of water vapor along the axial direction can be realized;
step two, carrying out an adsorption test of RH 30% -RH 90% in a full humidity range under the condition that any temperature value is determined within the range of 0-50 ℃:
first, the mass w of a dried sheet specimen is measured0Then measuring the mass when the relative humidity reaches the adsorption balance under the environment with the relative humidity of 30 percent, sequentially increasing the relative humidity by 10 percent, and then measuring the mass w of the test piece when the relative humidity of the thin sheet test piece reaches the adsorption balance after each increase of the relative humidity∞According to the formula
Calculating sheet specimen at various humiditiesBalancing the adsorption quantity;
step three, carrying out a desorption test of RH 90% -RH 30% in a full humidity range under the condition that any temperature value is determined within the range of 0-50 ℃:
first, a sheet specimen was placed in an atmosphere having a relative humidity of RH 95% for 12 hours, and its mass w 'at the time of stabilization was measured'0Then, the relative humidity was reduced to 90%, the mass of the sheet specimen at a stable humidity was measured, the desorption amount of the sheet specimen at a relative humidity of 90% was obtained by subtracting the two, and then the humidity was reduced to 30% by a reduction amount of 10%, and the mass w 'at equilibrium of the sheet specimen was measured for each relative humidity condition'∞According to the formula
Calculating the equilibrium desorption amount of the sheet test piece under each humidity;
after the adsorption test in the step two and the desorption test in the step three are finished, fitting data in the adsorption test and the desorption test by using data analysis software to obtain an adsorption-desorption cycle curve of the sheet test piece;
calculating the statistical thickness of the water content layer, drawing a curve relation between the water content of the asphalt mortar test piece and the thickness of the water content layer by using Origin software, and calculating the proportion of condensed water in the adsorbed water; so far, the division of the proportion of the condensed water in the asphalt mortar is completed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention draws a curve of the equilibrium water content in the asphalt mortar along with the thickness of the water molecular layer by an adsorption-desorption cycle test and a data analysis method, when the relative humidity is lower, the equilibrium water content and the thickness of the water molecular layer are in a linear relation, the slope of the relation line is gradually increased along with the gradual increase of the relative humidity, when the relative humidity exceeds a certain value, the equilibrium water content is obviously deviated from the respective linear relation, namely the equilibrium water content is higher than the point on the final line, at the moment, the equilibrium water content and the thickness of the water molecular layer are in a curve relation, the condensed water content is calculated by the difference obtained by subtracting the integral area of the curve and the integral area of the line with the maximum slope, and then the proportion of the condensed water can be obtained by dividing the difference by; in addition, the invention theoretically provides a method for determining the proportion of the condensed water in the asphalt mortar, and enriches the analysis method of heat and mass transfer of the asphalt mixture; the method can determine the actual proportion of the condensed water in the asphalt mortar and the minimum environmental humidity of the condensed water generated by various asphalt mixtures, provides a method for researching the damage mechanism of the asphalt mixtures under the action of gaseous water, enriches the research content of water damage of the asphalt pavement, and has reference significance for improving the durability of the asphalt pavement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of a test piece for an adsorption test and a desorption test according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a test piece for an adsorption test and a desorption test according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of a fitting curve of adsorption test and desorption test data according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the proportion of condensed water according to the present invention;
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows:
the embodiment provides a method for dividing the proportion of condensed water in asphalt mortar, which is specifically carried out according to the following steps
Preparing a phi 100mm multiplied by 80mm cylindrical asphalt mortar test piece by using a rotary compaction method, and then preparing a phi 100mm multiplied by 4 +/-1 mm sheet test piece by using a cutting machine, wherein the height ratio of the test piece diameter is 10-40, so that one-dimensional diffusion of water vapor along the axial direction can be realized, namely the water vapor is transmitted from the upper surface and the lower surface but not from the side surface;
step two, carrying out an adsorption test of RH 30% -RH 90% in a full humidity range under the condition that any temperature value is determined within the range of 0-50 ℃:
first, the mass w of a dried sheet specimen is measured0Then measuring the mass when the relative humidity reaches the adsorption balance under the environment with the relative humidity of 30 percent, sequentially increasing the relative humidity by 10 percent, and then measuring the mass w of the test piece when the relative humidity of the thin sheet test piece reaches the adsorption balance after each increase of the relative humidity∞According to the formula
Calculating the equilibrium adsorption capacity of the sheet test piece under each humidity;
step three, carrying out a desorption test of RH 90% -RH 30% in a full humidity range under the condition that any temperature value is determined within the range of 0-50 ℃:
to measure the desorption amount of the test piece at the point of RH 90%, first, the sheet test piece was placed in an environment of RH 95% for 12 hours, and the mass w 'at which the test piece was stabilized was measured'0Then, the relative humidity was reduced to 90%, the mass of the sheet specimen at a stable humidity was measured, the desorption amount of the sheet specimen at a relative humidity of 90% was obtained by subtracting the two, and then the humidity was reduced by 10% to the lowest 30%, and the mass w 'at equilibrium of the sheet specimen was measured for each relative humidity condition'∞According to the formula
Calculating the equilibrium desorption amount of the sheet test piece under each humidity;
after the adsorption test in the step two and the desorption test in the step three are finished, fitting data in the adsorption test and the desorption test by using data analysis software to obtain an adsorption-desorption cycle curve of the sheet test piece, wherein the specific process is as follows:
and (3) calculating the equilibrium adsorption quantity and the equilibrium desorption quantity by using data analysis software through a GAB model formula, wherein the formula is as shown in formula 1:
wherein W represents an equilibrium adsorption amount or an equilibrium desorption amount, and the equilibrium adsorption amount is
Calculated, the equilibrium desorption amount is
Calculated to obtain WmThe adsorption capacity and desorption capacity are corresponding to the adsorption capacity and desorption capacity when water molecules completely cover the adsorption interface only in a single-layer adsorption and desorption mode; c represents a first layer of water molecule adsorption energy constant or a first layer of water molecule desorption energy constant, K represents a multilayer water molecule adsorption energy constant or a multilayer water molecule desorption constant, is the difference of the energy states of outer layer water molecules and liquid water, the value range is 0-1, and the closer to 1, the energy state between the outer layer water molecules (namely the water molecule layer outside the 1 st layer of water molecules) and the liquid water molecules is shown to be; p represents the water vapor pressure, P0Represents the water vapor saturation pressure; P/P0The relative vapor pressure and the relative humidity of the water vapor are expressed in decimal form, and the value range is 0-1. Step five, calculating the statistical thickness of the water content layer, drawing a curve relation between the water content of the asphalt mortar test piece and the thickness of the water content layer by using Origin software, and calculating the proportion of condensed water in the adsorbed water quantity as follows:
fifthly, calculating the thickness of the water molecular layer through a Harkins-Jura equation, and calculating by adopting relative humidity data in the second step and the third step, wherein the formula (2) is as follows:
wherein t represents the statistical thickness of the adsorbed water molecular layer and has a unit of 10-10m, RH is relative humidity;
step two, taking the relative humidity as a bridge, converting isothermal adsorption and desorption curve data into a relation between the equilibrium water content and the thickness of a water molecular layer in the asphalt mortar under the humidity condition by using Origin software, and drawing a relation curve graph between the isothermal adsorption and desorption curve data and the water molecular layer; origin software has a curve fitting function, and the curve fitting in Origin adopts a nonlinear least square method fitting based on a Levernberg-Marquardt algorithm (LMA);
and step three, when the relative humidity is low, the equilibrium water content and the thickness of the water content layer are in a linear relation, the slope of the straight line of the relation is gradually increased along with the gradual increase of the relative humidity, when the relative humidity exceeds a certain value, the equilibrium water content obviously deviates from the respective linear relation, namely the equilibrium water content is higher than the point on the final straight line, when the equilibrium water content and the thickness of the water content layer are in a curve relation, the condensate water content is calculated through the difference value obtained by subtracting the integral area of the curve and the integral area of the straight line with the maximum slope, and then the proportion of the condensate water in the slice test piece is obtained according to the proportion of the difference value in the total area, namely the proportion of the condensate water in the asphalt.
So far, the division of the proportion of the condensed water in the asphalt mortar is completed.
The second embodiment is as follows:
different from the first specific embodiment, in the method for determining the proportion of the condensed water in the asphalt mortar of the present embodiment, the tests in the second step and the third step are performed by using a constant temperature and humidity chamber to provide constant temperature and humidity conditions, the relative humidity inside the container is maintained by saturated salt solution or distilled water, and the relative humidity outside the container is maintained by the constant temperature and humidity chamber;
other steps and parameters are the same as in the first embodiment.
The following examples were used to demonstrate the beneficial effects of the present invention:
example (b): the raw materials of the asphalt mortar test piece are andesite, SBS modified asphalt and simple substance mineral powder, and the material parameters are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 asphalt mortar test piece Material parameters
Preparing a cylindrical asphalt mortar test piece with the diameter of 100mm multiplied by 80mm by using a rotary compaction method, and then preparing a sheet test piece with the diameter of 100mm multiplied by 4 +/-1 mm by using a cutting machine, wherein the requirement of the diameter-height ratio of 10-40 is met, and one-dimensional diffusion along the axial direction can be realized;
the test grading is based on the median value of the AC-13 grading recommended by Bituminous paving construction and acceptance Standard (GBJ 50092-1996), the particle size range is 1.18 mm-0.075 mm, and the grading used in the test is obtained by recalculating the internal proportion of the grading unchanged; the powder-to-gel ratio is 1.2: 1; a cylindrical test piece is prepared by adopting a rotary compaction forming method, and the size is phi 100mm multiplied by 63.5 mm.
And (3) measuring the physical parameters of the test piece according to a road engineering asphalt and asphalt mixture test procedure (JTG E20-2011) T0705-2011 compacted asphalt mixture density test (dry method in table), and calculating the void ratio and the theoretical maximum relative density. Then cutting the cylindrical test piece into a thin plate with the diameter of 100mm multiplied by 2-5 mm to realize one-dimensional water vapor diffusion, wherein the test piece is shown in figures 1 and 2
And step two, carrying out a gaseous water adsorption test with constant temperature 303K (30 ℃) and relative humidity conditions of 0.4, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9 and 1 (soaking). Determination of the Mass w of a Dry test piece0(kg) and the mass w of the specimen when the adsorption equilibrium is reached under each humidity condition (the weight gain of the specimen does not exceed the measurement precision of the electronic balance at intervals of more than 24 hours)∞(kg) according to formula
The equilibrium adsorption capacity at each humidity was calculated as shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 adsorption capacity under various humidity conditions
And step three, carrying out a gaseous water desorption test with a constant temperature 303K (30 ℃) and relative humidity conditions of 1 (soaking), 0.9, 0.7, 0.5 and 0.4 respectively. Determining the maximum mass w 'of the test piece under the condition of maximum humidity'0And the weight gain of the test piece is not more than the measurement precision of the electronic balance when the desorption balance time interval is more than 24 hours under each humidity condition).∞According to the formula
The equilibrium desorption amount of the test piece at each humidity was calculated as shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 desorption under various humidity conditions
And step four, after the adsorption and desorption tests are finished, fitting the data in the adsorption and desorption processes by using data analysis software to obtain an adsorption-desorption cycle curve of the asphalt mortar test piece, as shown in fig. 3.
Step five, calculating the thickness of the water molecule layer through a Harkins-Jura equation, converting the adsorption-desorption curve data into the relation between the thickness of the water molecule layer and the water content of the asphalt mortar under the humidity condition by using Origin software, and drawing a curve graph of the equilibrium water content and the thickness of the water molecule layer, as shown in figure 4. The proportion of the condensed water in the asphalt mortar is obtained by calculating the proportion of the area difference value of the curve integral and the straight line integral in the total area, and the proportion of the condensed water is calculated from the graph 4 to be 8% of the total adsorbed water amount, so that the task of dividing the proportion of the condensed water in the asphalt mortar is completed.
The present invention is capable of other embodiments and its several details are capable of modifications in various obvious respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The method for determining the proportion of the condensed water in the asphalt mortar is characterized by comprising the following steps:
preparing a phi 100mm multiplied by 80mm cylindrical asphalt mortar test piece by using a rotary compaction method, and then preparing a phi 100mm multiplied by 4 +/-1 mm sheet test piece by using a cutting machine, wherein the height ratio of the test piece diameter is 10-40, so that one-dimensional diffusion of water vapor along the axial direction can be realized;
step two, carrying out an adsorption test of RH 30% -RH 90% in a full humidity range under the condition that any temperature value is determined within the range of 0-50 ℃:
first, the mass w of a dried sheet specimen is measured0Then measuring the mass when the relative humidity reaches the adsorption balance under the environment with the relative humidity of 30 percent, sequentially increasing the relative humidity by 10 percent, and then measuring the mass w of the test piece when the relative humidity of the thin sheet test piece reaches the adsorption balance after each increase of the relative humidity∞According to the formula
Calculating the equilibrium adsorption capacity of the sheet test piece under each humidity;
step three, carrying out a desorption test of RH 90% -RH 30% in a full humidity range under the condition that any temperature value is determined within the range of 0-50 ℃:
first, a sheet specimen was placed in an atmosphere having a relative humidity of RH 95% for 12 hours, and its mass w 'at the time of stabilization was measured'0Then, the relative humidity was reduced to 90%, the mass of the sheet specimen at a stable humidity was measured, the desorption amount of the sheet specimen at a relative humidity of 90% was obtained by subtracting the two, and then the humidity was reduced to 30% by a reduction amount of 10%, and the mass w 'at equilibrium of the sheet specimen was measured for each relative humidity condition'∞According to the formula
Calculating the equilibrium desorption amount of the sheet test piece under each humidity;
after the adsorption test in the step two and the desorption test in the step three are finished, fitting data in the adsorption test and the desorption test by using data analysis software to obtain an adsorption-desorption cycle curve of the sheet test piece, wherein the specific process is as follows:
calculating the equilibrium adsorption amount and the equilibrium desorption amount by a water adsorption fitting formula of the GAB model, wherein the formula is shown as formula 1:
wherein W represents an equilibrium adsorption amount or an equilibrium desorption amount, WmThe adsorption capacity and desorption capacity are corresponding to the adsorption capacity and desorption capacity when water molecules completely cover the adsorption interface only in a single-layer adsorption and desorption mode; c represents the adsorption energy constant or desorption energy constant of the first layer of water molecules, K is the adsorption energy constant or desorption constant of the multiple layers of water molecules, which is the difference of the water energy states of the outer layer of water molecules and the liquid water, the value range is 0-1, and the closer to 1, the more the value is, the outer layer of water molecules and the liquid water are shownThe energy states of the liquid water molecules are closer; p represents the water vapor pressure, P0Represents the water vapor saturation pressure; P/POThe relative humidity of the water vapor is expressed in a decimal form, and the value range is 0-1;
step five, calculating the statistical thickness of the water content layer, drawing a curve relation between the water content of the asphalt mortar test piece and the thickness of the water content layer by using Origin software, and calculating the proportion of condensed water in the adsorbed water quantity as follows:
step five, calculating the thickness of the water molecular layer by using the relative humidity data in the step two and the step three through a Harkins-Jura equation, wherein the formula (2) is as follows:
wherein t represents the statistical thickness of the adsorbed water molecular layer and has a unit of 10-10m, RH is relative humidity;
step two, taking the relative humidity as a bridge, converting isothermal adsorption and desorption curve data into a relation between the equilibrium water content and the thickness of a water molecular layer in the asphalt mortar under the humidity condition by using Origin software, and drawing a relation curve graph between the isothermal adsorption and desorption curve data and the water molecular layer;
step three, when the equilibrium water content and the thickness of the water molecular layer present a curve relationship, calculating the condensed water content through a difference value obtained by subtracting the integral area of the curve from the integral area of the straight line with the maximum slope, and obtaining the condensed water proportion in the slice test piece according to the proportion of the difference value in the total area, namely obtaining the condensed water proportion in the asphalt mortar;
so far, the division of the proportion of the condensed water in the asphalt mortar is completed.
2. The method for determining the proportion of the condensed water in the asphalt mortar according to claim 1, wherein the tests in the second step and the third step are carried out by using a constant temperature and humidity chamber to provide constant temperature and humidity conditions, the relative humidity inside the container is maintained by saturated salt solution or distilled water, and the relative humidity outside the container is maintained by the constant temperature and humidity chamber.
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