CN105136603A - Method for detecting diffusion coefficient of water vapor in bituminous mixture - Google Patents
Method for detecting diffusion coefficient of water vapor in bituminous mixture Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for detecting the diffusion coefficient of water vapor in a bituminous mixture. The method comprises the following steps: forming a to-be-detected cylindrical bituminous mixture sample; placing the sample in a closed chamber, and testing the mass of the sample in vacuum and at a test temperature by a magnetic levitation weight balancing system; calculating the saturated vapor pressure of the water vapor at the test temperature through the Antoine equation, obtaining the vapor pressure required in a reaction chamber under a relative humidity condition of the corresponding test through further calculation, inputting the vapor pressure value, setting the test temperature, and detecting the mass of the sample constantly; testing the change of the vapor adsorption of the sample along with time under the conditions of various specific test temperatures and relative humidity gradient conditions, and obtaining a water vapor diffusion coefficient through formula fitting. Tests of the diffusion coefficient of the water vapor in the bituminous mixture at different temperatures and multiple relative humidity gradients can be realized with the method; the test progress can be accelerated effectively and the test time can be shortened when the tests are performed at negative pressure. The method receives little interference from environmental factors and is high in test precision.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to and belong to field of road, relate to a kind of road asphalt compound steam coefficient of diffusion detection method.
Background technology
Moisture Damage is the main forms of bituminous pavement early disease, and the outer correlative study of Present Domestic mainly concentrates on the impact on asphalt when water exists in liquid form.If domestic marshall' mechanic characteristic value is using the freeze-thaw split strength ratio before and after the Marshall residual stability ratio obtained test specimen immersion front and back and immersion Frozen-thawed cycled as two leading indicators evaluating stability of asphalt mixture; The Superpave method for designing of the U.S. is also satisfy the tensile strength of test specimen indirect tensile strength test before and after water freeze thawing treatment than the index as evaluation asphalt water sensitivity using vacuum.But a large amount of engineering practices confirms that the Moisture Damage of bituminous pavement not only concentrates on moist area of heavy rainfull, and a large amount of Moisture Damage phenomenons has also appearred in the bituminous pavement in drought area.Such as, the highway departments such as Xinjiang of China province Inner Wu Chang, Wu Kui are in type drought district, continent, annual rainfall is only 240 ~ 280mm, road surface adopts dense bitumen compound, coordination in works voidage is less than 6%, and pavement seepage rate is no more than 20ml/min (can be considered as waterproof) after testing, but road surface has still occurred after runing a period of time such as cheating the Moisture Damages such as hole, check crack, purt slurry; And for example, China's Gansu Province's average annual precipitation is about 300mm, according to " standard specification for construction and acceptance of highway asphalt pavement ", the whole province about 70% belongs to arid biogeographic zone, semiarid region, but its domestic Yongchang to morningstar lily, Lanzhou to silver, Cliff mouth to Liu Gou river, the Jiayu Pass to Anxi, Lanzhou to Lintao, the sky and water to Dingxi, many highways such as Jingning to Zhuanglang, Class I highway, Class II highway bituminous pavement all there is the Moisture Damage phenomenons such as loose, hole groove at the use initial stage.Also similar case history is had abroad, the Arizona State of the such as U.S. belongs to typical semiarid desert climate, but its within the border by investigation confirm to have an appointment 30% ~ 50% road surface there is Early Rutting, the Moisture Damage phenomenon such as loose of gathering materials, after surface adds the enveloping treatment that paves, there is the phenomenons such as stripping of aggregate in 50% road surface of still having an appointment, after similar Pennsylvania highway overlays tar seal, the Moisture Damage phenomenons such as typical compound peels off also have appearred in road surface.Above case history confirms, aqueous water is not the exclusive source that bituminous pavement produces Moisture Damage.
In fact, except the aqueous water that rainfall produces, the vapor movement that inside asphalt pavement exists can cause compound to produce Moisture Damage equally.External existing relevant scholar finds, even if bituminous pavement waterproof (aqueous water), along with the change road surface of temperature and relative humidity is in dynamic " breathing " process all the time, i.e. continuous " suction " and " exhalation " steam, steam constantly carries hydrone and enters into asphalt inside in the process, being attached on asphalt membrane or penetrating asphalt membrane enters between pitch and aggregate Interface, thus reduce the interior coalescent conjunction energy of asphalt membrane self or the adhesive bond energy between pitch and aggregate Interface, cause the cohesional failure of asphalt membrane or pitch and adhesive aggregation between gathering materials destroys, and then cause bituminous pavement to produce Moisture Damage.Vapor movement causes the water damage mechanism of asphalt can the Moisture Damage phenomenon that occurs of reasonable dismissal drought area bituminous pavement, therefore studies the diffusion motion rule of steam in asphalt and is of great significance reducing the Moisture Damage tool that bituminous pavement produces.
Though carried out correlative study abroad for the diffusion of steam in asphalt, as adopt weight adsorption test 35 DEG C, normal pressure, asphalt steam coefficient of diffusion under relative humidity gradient 100% → 15% condition; Adopt thermocouple psychrometers test normal pressure, 25 DEG C, relative humidity gradient 100% → room wets the inner total suction of asphalt under condition, convert and obtain the steam coefficient of diffusion of asphalt.But current research is all carry out under single moist gradient, this does not conform to the many moist gradients Service Environment residing for bituminous pavement reality, and existing test is carried out all in atmospheric conditions, because steam diffusion itself is a slow lasting process, cause whole process of the test consuming time longer.
Therefore, present stage is badly in need of a kind of test method fast and accurately studying many moist gradients Water Under vapour diffusion motion rule, quantize " breathing freely ", " water conservation " ability of asphalt, thus provide fundamental basis for Research on Asphalt Mixture water damage mechanism.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of test method of testing asphalt steam coefficient of diffusion under different tests temperature and many moist gradients condition, can quantize bituminous pavement " breathing freely ", " water conservation " ability under actual Service Environment accurately and rapidly.
For achieving the above object, adopt technical scheme as follows:
Asphalt steam coefficient of diffusion detection method, comprises the following steps:
1) forming cylinder body asphalt sample to be measured; Sample is placed in airtight cavity, by the quality of sample under magnetic levitation weight balancing system test vacuum, test temperature;
2) by Peter Antonie formula p
0=10
[A-B/ (C+T-273.15)]calculate the saturated vapour pressure of water vapour under test temperature, calculate the vapor pressure needing in reaction cavity under corresponding test relative humidity RH condition to reach further: p=RH*p0; In magnetic levitation weight balancing system, input above-mentioned vapor pressure force value, Control experiment temperature constant moment detect the quality of sample;
3) test at each special test temperature and relative humidity gradient condition sample vapor adsorbance over time, described vapor sorption amount is quality and the step 1 of sample after adsorb water vapor) difference of gained sample quality;
4) formula is passed through
Wherein, w
100-maximum water vapor absorption quality; w
a-maximum Vapor adsorption quality; D-steam coefficient of diffusion; T-test period; The effective dilation angle of l-, is measured by vernier caliper; α-adsorption time constant;
By obtaining the steam coefficient of diffusion of sample under corresponding each special test temperature and relative humidity gradient condition to above-mentioned formula fitting.
Asphalt steam coefficient of diffusion pick-up unit, comprises magnetic suspension balance, sample bucket, constant temperature circulating bath, vacuum pump, reagent vials; The gentle sample bucket in described suspension sky is placed in airtight cavity, described airtight cavity is bathed by constant temperature circulating and temp probe controls the temperature of cavity, and described airtight cavity also controls its vacuum tightness by vacuum pump and gas control valve, wherein gas control valve is used for the inner back pressure of airtight cavity; Described reagent vials is used for depositing distilled water, and reaches the humidity value of setting to airtight cavity quantification input water vapour by steam control valve; Meanwhile, the bath of another one constant temperature circulating forms water vapour for heating reagent vials.
By such scheme, described steam control valve, gas control valve and corresponding gas pipeline are arranged in soak zones.
By such scheme, described magnetic suspension balance is non-direct contact type balance, and real-time continuous weighs.
The present invention proposes the new method adopting negative pressure weight adsorption as test asphalt steam coefficient of diffusion, and no matter it have significant progress from more existing test method the rationality of method of testing, test accuracy or test period, specific as follows:
The experimental test of asphalt steam coefficient of diffusion under different temperatures and many relative humidity gradient can be realized.Test method adopts the Con trolling index of vapor pressure as relative humidity of water vapour in seal chamber, the asphalt steam coefficient of diffusion test under multiple relative humidity gradient is realized by magnetic suspension balance setting vapor pressure force value, simultaneously by constant temperature circulating bath Adjustment Tests temperature, realize the steam diffusion test under different temperatures, the steam diffusion test of single temperature and moist gradient more in the past, this test method more effectively simulates the actual Service Environment of bituminous pavement.
Carry out test under negative pressure and can effectively accelerate test progress, shorten test period.Adsorption test is carried out in vacuum seal environment, and more conventional normal pressure adsorption test is compared, and effectively can accelerate specimen surface vapor sorption speed, thus accelerates test progress, shortens the test reaction time; Adopt the method to test under a moist gradient asphalt steam coefficient of diffusion about 3 days consuming time, and conventional steam diffusion test needs more than at least 3 months consuming time, therefore the present invention can save the lot of experiments time.
Little by environmental factor interference, test accuracy is high.Test adopts magnetic levitation weight balancing system to carry out in seal chamber, effectively can reduce the interference of outside environmental elements to adsorption test; Accurate Control experiment temperature is bathed by inside cavity temp probe (precision is ± 0.1 DEG C) and constant temperature circulating, valve (precision is 0.1mbar) Dynamic controlling cavity inner vapor pressure is passed in and out by vapour control, thus the rh value that accurate Control experiment reaches; Can realize measuring in real time continuously by magnetic suspension balance (non-direct contact type) (precision 0.00001g) and record the quality of sample, and directly can judge whether absorption reaches balance, more conventional uncovered balance test is compared, its control temperature and relative humidities are more accurate, and test findings is more accurate.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1: asphalt steam coefficient of diffusion pick-up unit schematic diagram;
Wherein, 1-magnetic suspension balance; 2-sample bucket; 3-temp probe; 4-water vapour; 5-constant temperature circulating is bathed; 6-soak zones; 7-steam control valve; 8-reagent vials; 9-gas control valve; 10-vacuum pump; 11-constant temperature circulating is bathed.
Embodiment
Following examples explain technical scheme of the present invention further, but not as limiting the scope of the invention.
Asphalt steam coefficient of diffusion pick-up unit of the present invention, with reference to shown in accompanying drawing 1.Comprise magnetic suspension balance 1, sample bucket 2, constant temperature circulating bath (5,11), vacuum pump 10, reagent vials 8; Magnetic suspension balance 1 and sample bucket 2 are placed in airtight cavity, and described airtight cavity controls the temperature of airtight cavity by constant temperature circulating bath 5 and temp probe 3, and described airtight cavity also controls wherein vacuum tightness by vacuum pump 10; Gas control valve 9 is for airtight cavity inside back pressure; Described reagent vials 8 for depositing distilled water, and reaches the humidity value of setting to airtight cavity quantification input water vapour 4 by steam control valve 7; Meanwhile, constant temperature circulating bath 11 forms water vapour for heating reagent vials 8.
Gas pipeline wherein and steam control valve 7, gas control valve 9 are arranged in soak zones 6 and avoid condensation of gas.
Wherein, magnetic suspension balance 1 is non-direct contact type balance, can realize effectively avoiding temperature, steam pressure to change weighing while that real-time continuous weighing and produce interference.
Asphalt steam coefficient of diffusion detection method of the present invention, process is as follows:
1) preparing asphalt test mixture sample
Use the right cylinder bitumen mixture specimen of rotary compactor forming diameter 150mm, high 170mm, be placed on automatic cutting saw and cut into the thick sheet specimens for 18mm, adopt white marks pen to be the border circular areas of 100mm along the center of circle as diameter.Use the brill core machine that bit diameter is 12mm in border circular areas, to bore core taking-up small cylinder bitumen mixture specimen as test specimen, its size is about diameter 12mm, high 18mm (being as the criterion with the actual size that records).Getting in core process as avoiding sample top to produce damaged because getting core, the fine aggregate asphalt sheet test block of same diameter size should be padded thereon, play the effect of flexible transition and fixed drill bit.Adopt distilled water cleaning to get the sample that core obtains, and to be placed on design temperature be baking oven heating, drying in 40 DEG C.
2) in reagent vials, inject distilled water and carry out freezingly vacuumizing process
Adopt clean syringe in the reagent vials 8 of magnetic levitation weight balancing system, inject the distilled water of about 10ml, then adopt liquid nitrogen to be refrigerated to temperature to bottle and be down to below distilled water solidifying point, use steam control valve 7 pairs of bottles vacuumize the air plankton that its inside of removing may exist.
3) the empty sample bucket quality of self-control is weighed
Make copper porous flexible formula hanging basket sample bucket by oneself, be placed on the hook of magnetic suspension balance 1, setting test temperature is 20 DEG C, adopts magnetic suspension balance to measure the mass M of sample bucket under vacuum and this test temperature
c.
4) load Asphalt Mixture Experiment sample and carry out vacuumizing pre-service
Until step 3) terminate after, in reaction cavity, high pure nitrogen (purity the reaches 99.9999%) back pressure of 1 standard atmospheric pressure is slowly passed into by gas control valve 9, magnetic suspension balance is risen after end, the Asphalt Mixture Experiment sample of heating, drying is placed in sample bucket, again magnetic suspension balance is down in airtight cavity after regulating Balance, design temperature is 40 DEG C, continue to vacuumize to cavity, to remove in cavity and the impurity molecule of sample surfaces and inside may be adsorbed on simultaneously.By the sample quality of magnetic suspension balance record over time, judge to think that when sample quality variable quantity is stabilized within the scope of balance weighing precision within half an hour pre-service fully, can terminate this step.
5) Asphalt Mixture Experiment sample quality is weighed
After sample pretreatment process terminates, setting test temperature is 20 DEG C, adopts magnetic suspension balance to measure the quality sum M of sample+sample bucket under vacuum and this test temperature
sc, according to step 3) and weigh the empty sample bucket quality obtained, the quality that can calculate Asphalt Mixture Experiment sample is:
M
s＝M
sc-M
c(1)
In formula: M
s-test specimen quality.
6) to design and steam diffusion test under implementing many moist gradients
It is 20 DEG C for test temperature T, if investigate relative humidity gradient to be respectively 0 → 17.17%; 17.17% → 51.51%; The steam coefficient of diffusion of asphalt when 51.51% → 90.14%, can obtain the saturated vapor pressure of water vapour under this test temperature according to Peter Antonie formula is 23.3mbar, therefore can calculate the vapour pressure force value that should set in magnetic levitation weight balancing system when reaching corresponding above relative humidity gradient respectively, testing program be gathered and is listed in the table below in 1.
In magnetic levitation weight balancing system, 4 rank vapour pressures are set according to this testing program, its force value is as shown in table 1, in reaction cavity, water vapour is passed into by rank, weigh mass change amount by balance and judge whether absorption reaches balance, automatically enter into lower single order adsorption test when the absorption of certain single order reaches balance, simultaneity factor can record sample bucket gross mass in whole adsorption process over time automatically.
Table 1
| Exponent number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Vapour pressure | 0mbar | 4mbar | 12mbar | 21mbar |
| Relative humidity | 0％ | 17.17％ | 51.51％ | 90.14％ |
7) process test figure, calculate the steam coefficient of diffusion of asphalt under each relative humidity gradient
The gross mass M of the sample+sample bucket obtained is weighed according to each time point place balance
sct, unit mass can be calculated and gather materials in the vapor sorption total amount at each time point place and be:
In formula: the vapor sorption total amount that w (t)-each time point place unit mass is gathered materials.
Then, draw the time dependent relational graph of vapor sorption total amount that unit mass under each relative humidity gradient is gathered materials, and use each relational graph of asphalt steam diffusion equation (as shown in Equation 3) matching, can obtain the steam coefficient of diffusion of asphalt under each relative humidity gradient, experimental test result and fitting result gather respectively lists in table 2,3.
In formula: w
100-maximum water vapor absorption quality; w
a-maximum Vapor adsorption quality; D-steam coefficient of diffusion; T-test period; The effective dilation angle of l-, measures by vernier caliper; α-adsorption time constant.
Table 2
Table 3
Claims (5)
1. asphalt steam coefficient of diffusion detection method, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1) forming cylinder body asphalt sample to be measured; Sample is placed in airtight cavity, by the quality of sample under magnetic levitation weight balancing system test vacuum, test temperature;
2) by Peter Antonie formula p
0=10
[A-B/ (C+T-273.15)]calculate the saturated vapour pressure of water vapour under test temperature, calculate the vapor pressure needing in reaction cavity under corresponding test relative humidity RH condition to reach further: p=RH*p0; In magnetic levitation weight balancing system, input above-mentioned vapor pressure force value, Control experiment temperature constant moment detect the quality of sample;
3) test at each special test temperature and relative humidity gradient condition sample vapor adsorbance over time, described vapor sorption amount is quality and the step 1 of sample after adsorb water vapor) difference of gained sample quality;
4) formula
Wherein, w
100-maximum water vapor absorption quality; w
a-maximum Vapor adsorption quality; D-steam coefficient of diffusion; T-test period; The effective dilation angle of l-, measures by vernier caliper; α-adsorption time constant;
By obtaining the steam coefficient of diffusion of sample under corresponding each special test temperature and relative humidity gradient condition to above-mentioned formula fitting.
2. asphalt steam coefficient of diffusion detection method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that asphalt sample specification to be measured is diameter 12mm, high 18mm.
3. asphalt steam coefficient of diffusion pick-up unit, is characterized in that comprising magnetic suspension balance, sample bucket, constant temperature circulating bath, vacuum pump, reagent vials; The gentle sample bucket in described suspension sky is placed in airtight cavity, the temperature that described airtight cavity is bathed by constant temperature circulating and temp probe controls in cavity, and described airtight cavity also controls its vacuum tightness by vacuum pump and gas control valve, wherein gas control valve is used for the inner back pressure of airtight cavity; Described reagent vials is used for depositing distilled water, and reaches the humidity value of setting to airtight cavity quantification input water vapour by steam control valve; Meanwhile, the bath of another one constant temperature circulating forms water vapour for heating reagent vials.
4. asphalt steam coefficient of diffusion pick-up unit as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that described steam control valve, gas control valve and corresponding gas pipeline are arranged in soak zones.
5. asphalt steam coefficient of diffusion pick-up unit as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that described magnetic suspension balance is non-direct contact type balance, and real-time continuous weighs.
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| CN105842027A (en) * | 2016-03-23 | 2016-08-10 | 武汉理工大学 | Preparation method of asphalt mixture sample ultrathin slice for microscopic observation |
| CN106769634A (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2017-05-31 | 北京市政路桥建材集团有限公司 | A kind of Asphalt Emulsion Evaporation Residue content quick determination method |
| CN106872304A (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-06-20 | 武汉理工大学 | Fine aggregate bitumen mixture specimen humidity health-preserving method |
| CN107894376A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-04-10 | 中国计量大学 | Water vapor diffusion coefficient measuring device and its measuring method |
| CN108007811A (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2018-05-08 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of division methods of vaporous water dispersal pattern in asphalt mortar, bituminous mortar |
| CN108195721A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-06-22 | 同济大学 | The test method of diffusion coefficient between a kind of different pitches |
| CN109374872A (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2019-02-22 | 武汉理工大学 | Bitumen mixture specimen interior humidity change detecting method |
| CN110455665A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2019-11-15 | 武汉理工大学 | Asphalt accumulation type aqueous vapor movement parameter detection apparatus and method |
| CN110595935A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2019-12-20 | 武汉理工大学 | Method for determining water-gas motion parameters of road asphalt mixture |
| CN111678842A (en) * | 2020-05-31 | 2020-09-18 | 山西省交通科技研发有限公司 | Method for measuring diffusion coefficient of water in asphalt membrane |
| US20220326143A1 (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2022-10-13 | Wuhan University Of Technology | Method for evaluating influence of humidity on asphalt-aggregate adhesion |
| WO2022227385A1 (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2022-11-03 | 武汉理工大学 | Measurement method for water vapor diffusion coefficient of semi-rigid base |
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| CN106872304A (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-06-20 | 武汉理工大学 | Fine aggregate bitumen mixture specimen humidity health-preserving method |
| CN106872304B (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2019-10-25 | 武汉理工大学 | Fine aggregate bitumen mixture specimen humidity health-preserving method |
| CN106769634A (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2017-05-31 | 北京市政路桥建材集团有限公司 | A kind of Asphalt Emulsion Evaporation Residue content quick determination method |
| CN108007811B (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2020-02-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for dividing diffusion mode of gaseous water in asphalt mortar |
| CN108007811A (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2018-05-08 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of division methods of vaporous water dispersal pattern in asphalt mortar, bituminous mortar |
| CN108195721A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-06-22 | 同济大学 | The test method of diffusion coefficient between a kind of different pitches |
| CN108195721B (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2020-12-29 | 同济大学 | Method for testing diffusion coefficients among different asphalts |
| CN107894376A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-04-10 | 中国计量大学 | Water vapor diffusion coefficient measuring device and its measuring method |
| CN109374872A (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2019-02-22 | 武汉理工大学 | Bitumen mixture specimen interior humidity change detecting method |
| CN110455665A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2019-11-15 | 武汉理工大学 | Asphalt accumulation type aqueous vapor movement parameter detection apparatus and method |
| CN110595935A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2019-12-20 | 武汉理工大学 | Method for determining water-gas motion parameters of road asphalt mixture |
| CN111678842A (en) * | 2020-05-31 | 2020-09-18 | 山西省交通科技研发有限公司 | Method for measuring diffusion coefficient of water in asphalt membrane |
| US20220326143A1 (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2022-10-13 | Wuhan University Of Technology | Method for evaluating influence of humidity on asphalt-aggregate adhesion |
| WO2022227385A1 (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2022-11-03 | 武汉理工大学 | Measurement method for water vapor diffusion coefficient of semi-rigid base |
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Application publication date: 20151209 |