CN109160888B - 一种含脒基的对称化合物及其应用 - Google Patents

一种含脒基的对称化合物及其应用 Download PDF

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CN109160888B
CN109160888B CN201811170148.4A CN201811170148A CN109160888B CN 109160888 B CN109160888 B CN 109160888B CN 201811170148 A CN201811170148 A CN 201811170148A CN 109160888 B CN109160888 B CN 109160888B
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焦关胜
张成潘
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Sichuan Yilite Biology Medical Co ltd
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    • C07C257/10Compounds containing carboxyl groups, the doubly-bound oxygen atom of a carboxyl group being replaced by a doubly-bound nitrogen atom, this nitrogen atom not being further bound to an oxygen atom, e.g. imino-ethers, amidines with replacement of the other oxygen atom of the carboxyl group by nitrogen atoms, e.g. amidines
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种含脒基的对称化合物及其应用,本发明公开的化合物抑制弗林蛋白酶活性,作为弗林蛋白酶抑制剂;并用于制备治疗与弗林蛋白酶有关癌症的药物。

Description

一种含脒基的对称化合物及其应用
技术领域
本发明涉及含脒基的对称化合物,具体涉及一种含脒基的对称化合物及其应用。
背景技术
癌症是指起源于上皮组织的恶性肿瘤,是恶性肿瘤中最常见的一类。癌症具有细胞分化和增殖异常、生长失去控制、浸润性和转移性等生物学特征。癌症可以说是人类健康的第一大杀手。据美国国立卫生院(NIH)统计,2012年,全球新发病例为1410万,癌症相关死亡人数为820万。仅2018年,癌症新增病例就超过170万人次,到2030年,预计每年新发癌症病例数将增加到2360万。而在中国,每年有接近430万人被诊断为癌症,有超过280万死于癌症,也就是说,平均每分钟就有超过8人被确诊为癌症,有5人死于癌症。由于癌症受众人数广泛,因此对治疗癌症的药物的需求就非常大。所以,研究开发治疗癌症的新药对人类健康具有非常重要的意义。
弗林蛋白酶是一种附在细胞膜上的含钙丝氨酸内切蛋白酶,并且在所有检查过的组织和细胞系中都有发现(Thomas G(2002)Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 3:753–766)。它是哺乳动物枯草杆菌蛋白酶原激素/前蛋白转化酶(PC)家族第一个发现,到目前为止表征最全的成员。这些原激素/前蛋白转化酶可以将蛋白质和肽类激素的前体转化为生物活性形式。弗林蛋白酶主要分布在反式高尔基体网络中,并在该区域,细胞表面和内体之间循环。因此,弗林蛋白酶能够有效转化分布广泛的底物,这些底物包括生长和分化因子的前体,受体,粘附分子和基质金属蛋白酶,它们在切割的地方都具有共同的氨基酸序列Arg-Xaa-Lys/Arg-Arg。由于这些底物在肿瘤发展,进展和转移的许多不同阶段起着重要作用,因此研究已经发现肿瘤侵袭性与弗林蛋白酶表达增加相关。此外,人们也发现在细胞系和小鼠模型中弗林蛋白酶的抑制,敲减和基因消除减少了肿瘤发生和肿瘤生长。弗林蛋白酶已成为癌症发生和转移调控的重要参与者,抑制弗林蛋白酶就将是一种治疗与弗林蛋白酶有关的癌症的有效方法,弗林蛋白酶抑制剂作为治疗与弗林蛋白酶有关的癌症的药物也将具有巨大的潜力。
发明内容
本发明提供一种对弗林蛋白酶具有抑制作用,可用于制备治疗与弗林蛋白酶有关的癌症的药物的含脒基的对称化合物及其应用。
本发明采用的技术方案是:
一种含脒基的对称化合物,其结构如下所示:
Figure BDA0001822207140000021
式中:X为2到4个碳的烷烃、4到6个碳的环烷烃或苯环,Y为O或NH,R1为脒基、卤素、1到3个碳的烷基或氢,R2为脒基、卤素、1到3个碳的烷基或氢,A为CH或N,B为CH或N,或A和B共同代表完整的苯环。
一种含脒基的对称化合物,其结构如下所示:
Figure BDA0001822207140000022
式中:X为2到4个碳的烷烃、4到6个碳的环烷烃或苯环,Y为O或NH,R1为脒基、氯或氢,R2为甲基或氢,A为CH或N,B为CH或N,或A和B共同代表完整的苯环。
一种含脒基的对称化合物的应用,所述含脒基的对称化合物可抑制弗林蛋白酶活性。
进一步的,所述含脒基的对称化合物可用于弗林蛋白酶酶抑制剂。
进一步的,所述含脒基的对称化合物可用于制备治疗癌症的药物。
进一步的,所述含脒基的对称化合物包括化合物的自由碱形式,各种相应的盐,溶剂化物和晶体形状。
进一步的,所述癌症为与弗林蛋白酶有关的癌症。
一种药物组合物,包含所述任一种化合物和药学上可接受的赋形剂。
本发明的有益效果是:
本发明设计合成的含脒基的对称化合物,可作为弗林蛋白酶抑制剂,进而用于治疗与弗林蛋白酶有关的癌症。
附图说明
图1为本发明中化合物1-12制备流程示意图。
图2为本发明中化合物13-15制备流程示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明做进一步说明。
本文中如不另做说明:
LC/MS:气质联用(液相色谱/质谱联用)。
tR:保留时间。
(M+H)+:质子化分子离子峰,也就是有机化合物分子得到一个质子所形成的准分子离子峰。
Ki值:指检测到50%抑制效果时,抑制剂的浓度(采用Michaelis-Menten动力学计算获得)。
μM:毫摩尔。
IC50值:达到50%抑制效果时抑制剂的浓度。
Km值:米氏常数,等于酶促反应速度为最大速度一半时的底物浓度。
pH值:酸碱度。
一种含脒基的对称化合物,其结构如下所示:
Figure BDA0001822207140000031
式中:X为2到4个碳的烷烃、4到6个碳的环烷烃或苯环,Y为O或NH,R1为脒基、卤素、1到3个碳的烷基或氢,R2为脒基、卤素、1到3个碳的烷基或氢,A为CH或N,B为CH或N,或A和B共同代表完整的苯环。
不包含结构如下所示的化合物:
Figure BDA0001822207140000032
式中:当X1为苯环时,Y1为O,R3和R4同为氢;当X1为乙烷或丁烷时,Y1为O或NH,R3和R4同为氢;当X1为丙烷时,Y1为NH,R3和R4同为氢;当X1为丙烷时,Y1为O,R3为卤素或氢,R4为氢,或R3为氢,R4为卤素;当X1为丁烷时,Y1为O,R3为氯,R4为氢。
当结构式如下时:
Figure BDA0001822207140000033
式中:X为2到4个碳的烷烃、4到6个碳的环烷烃或苯环,Y为O或NH,R1为脒基、氯或氢,R2为甲基或氢,A为CH或N,B为CH或N,或A和B共同代表完整的苯环。
不包含结构如下所示的化合物:
Figure BDA0001822207140000041
式中:当X1为苯环时,Y1为O,R3和R4同为氢;当X1为乙烷或丁烷时,Y1为O或NH,R3和R4同为氢;当X1为丙烷时,Y1为NH,R3和R4同为氢;当X1为丙烷时,Y1为O,R3为氯或氢,R4为氢;当X1为丁烷时,Y1为O,R3为氯,R4为氢。
其具有代表性的化合物如下所示:
化合物1
Figure BDA0001822207140000042
4,4'-(((1R,3S)-环己烷-1,3-二基)双(氧基))双间苯二脒。
化合物2
Figure BDA0001822207140000043
4,4'-(((1R,3S)-环己烷-1,3-二基)双(氧基))双苯脒。
化合物3
Figure BDA0001822207140000044
4,4'-(((1R,3S)-环己烷-1,3-二基)双(氧基))双双(3-氯苯脒)。
化合物4
Figure BDA0001822207140000045
4,4'-(((1R,3S)-环己烷-1,3-二基)双(氧基))双(2-甲基苯脒)。
化合物5
Figure BDA0001822207140000051
6,6'-(((1R,3S)-环己烷-1,3-二基)双(氧基))双尼古丁脒。
化合物6
Figure BDA0001822207140000052
4,4'-((1R,3S)-环己烷-1,3-二基)双(氧基))双(1-萘脒)。
化合物7
Figure BDA0001822207140000053
4,4'-(((1R,3S)-环戊烷-1,3-二基)双(氧基))双间苯二脒。
化合物8
Figure BDA0001822207140000054
4,4'-(((1S,3S)-环丁烷-1,3-二基)双(氧基))双间苯二脒。
化合物9
Figure BDA0001822207140000055
4,4'-(1,3-亚苯基二(氧基))双间苯二脒。
化合物10
Figure BDA0001822207140000061
4,4'-(乙烷-1,2-二基双(氧基))双间苯二脒。
化合物11
Figure BDA0001822207140000062
4,4'-(丙烷-1,3-二基双(氧基))双间苯二脒。
化合物12
Figure BDA0001822207140000063
4,4'-(丁烷-1,4-二基双(氧基))双间苯二脒。
化合物13
Figure BDA0001822207140000064
4,4'-(((1R,3S)-环己烷-1,3-二基)双(氮烷二基))双间苯二脒。
化合物14
Figure BDA0001822207140000065
4,4'-(1,3-亚苯基双(氮烷二基))双间苯二脒。
化合物15
Figure BDA0001822207140000071
4,4'-(丙烷-1,3-二基二(氮烷二基))双间苯二脒。
化合物1-12的制备方法如图1所示,图中:(a)氢化钠(60%,矿物油),四氢呋喃,0度到室温;(b)(i)氯化氢(气体),乙醇,0度到室温;(ii)氨的乙醇溶液(2摩尔浓度),50度。
下面以化合物2为例说明其制备过程:
Figure BDA0001822207140000072
4,4'-(((1R,3S)-环己烷-1,3-二基)双(氧基))双苄腈(中间体A1):向(1R,3S)-环己烷-1,3-二醇(1.0克,8.6毫摩尔)和4-氟苄腈(2.2克,18.1毫摩尔)在60毫升四氢呋喃的溶液中快速加入氢化钠(60%,矿物油,0.72克,18.1毫摩尔)。在室温下通氮气下搅拌48小时后,将反应混合物用100毫升水稀释并用二氯甲烷萃取3次,每次100毫升。合并有机提取物并用无水硫酸钠干燥。减压除去溶剂,残余物通过快速柱色谱(230-600目硅胶)纯化,用0-80%乙酸乙酯/己烷洗脱,得到标题化合物,为白色固体(2.4克,87%收率)。LC-MS:tR=7.3分钟;m/z 319(M+H)+
Figure BDA0001822207140000073
4,4'-(((1R,3S)-环己烷-1,3-二基)双(氧基))双苯脒(化合物2):将4,4'-(((1R,3S)-环己烷-1,3-二基)双(氧基))双苄腈(1.0克,3.1毫摩尔)在50毫升乙醇溶液冷却至0度并用氯化氢气体饱和。将反应混合物温热至室温并搅拌3天。加入200毫升乙醚。过滤所得沉淀物,用无水乙醚洗涤,并真空干燥。将该固体溶于150毫升氨的乙醇溶液(2摩尔浓度)并加热至50度,保持6小时。将反应混合物浓缩至50毫升,加入乙醚产生沉淀物。过滤,用乙醚洗涤两次并真空干燥。得到标题化合物,为白色固体(1.1克,83%收率)。LC-MS:tR=3.6分钟;m/z 353(M+H)+
化合物13-15制备过程如图2所示,图2中:(a)三乙胺,二甲基亚砜,150度;(b)(i)氯化氢(气体),乙醇,0度到室温;(ii)氨的乙醇溶液(2摩尔浓度),50度。
下面以化合物13为例进行说明:
Figure BDA0001822207140000081
4,4'-(((1R,3S)-环己烷-1,3-二基)双(氮烷二基))双间苯二甲腈(中间体A2):向(1R,3S)-环己烷-1,3-二胺(1.0克,8.8毫摩尔)和4-氟间苯二甲腈(2.7克,18.4毫摩尔)在30毫升二甲基亚砜的溶液中加入三乙胺(5.4毫升)。将混合物通氮气并在150度下加热搅拌3小时。
冷却至室温后,将反应混合物用100毫升水稀释并用二氯甲烷萃取3次,每次100毫升。合并有机提取物并用无水硫酸钠干燥。减压除去溶剂,残余物通过快速柱色谱(230-600目硅胶)纯化,用0-80%乙酸乙酯/己烷洗脱,得到标题化合物,为白色固体(2.6克,81%收率)。LC-MS:tR=6.8分钟;m/z367(M+H)+
Figure BDA0001822207140000082
4,4'-(((1R,3S)-环己烷-1,3-二基)双(氮烷二基))双间苯二脒(化合物13):将4,4'-(((1R,3S)-环己烷-1,3-二基)双(氮烷二基))双间苯二甲腈(1.0克,2.7毫摩尔)在50毫升乙醇溶液冷却至0度并用氯化氢气体饱和。将反应混合物温热至室温并搅拌3天。加入200毫升乙醚。过滤所得沉淀物,用无水乙醚洗涤,并真空干燥。将该固体溶于150毫升氨的乙醇溶液(2摩尔浓度)并加热至50度,保持6小时。将反应混合物浓缩至50毫升,加入乙醚产生沉淀物。过滤,用乙醚洗涤两次并真空干燥。得到标题化合物,为白色固体(0.92克,58%收率)。LC-MS:tR=2.9分钟;m/z 435(M+H)+
经测试化合物1-15特征如下:
化合物1:LC/MS:tR=3.8分钟,(M+H)+=437。
化合物2:LC/MS:tR=4.3分钟,(M+H)+=353。
化合物3:LC/MS:tR=4.6分钟,(M+H)+=421。
化合物4:LC/MS:tR=4.5分钟,(M+H)+=381。
化合物5:LC/MS:tR=3.7分钟,(M+H)+=355。
化合物6:LC/MS:tR=5.1分钟,(M+H)+=453。
化合物7:LC/MS:tR=3.7分钟,(M+H)+=423。
化合物8:LC/MS:tR=3.6分钟,(M+H)+=409。
化合物9:LC/MS:tR=4.1分钟,(M+H)+=431。
化合物10:LC/MS:tR=3.7分钟,(M+H)+=383。
化合物11:LC/MS:tR=3.8分钟,(M+H)+=397。
化合物12:LC/MS:tR=3.9分钟,(M+H)+=411。
化合物13:LC/MS:tR=3.6分钟,(M+H)+=435。
化合物14:LC/MS:tR=3.9分钟,(M+H)+=429。
化合物15:LC/MS:tR=3.5分钟,(M+H)+=395。
按照上述制备方法分别制备化合物1-15;对制备得到的化合物进行弗林蛋白酶(furin)基于荧光肽的蛋白水解测定。
使用荧光共振能量转移(FRET)测定法测定Pyr-RTKR-MCA作为肽底物的抑制动力学和Ki值。分析化验在96孔板中进行,其中,在每个200微升反应的缓冲液(100毫摩尔4-(2-羟乙基)-1-哌嗪乙磺酸,pH值7.5/0.5%聚乙二醇叔辛基苯基醚X-100/1毫摩尔氯化钙)中包含大约5纳摩尔的弗林蛋白酶(furin)。将按10倍稀释的化合物系列(1纳摩尔至100微摩尔)与弗林蛋白酶先在室温下孵育30分钟后,再加入荧光底物Pyr-RTKR-MCA在100微摩尔的浓度下进行测定。反应用荧光微量读数器(激发/发射波长设定为370/460nm)来监测。以1分钟的间隔收集数据,历时15分钟。IC50值用非线性回归来计算,Ki值再通过等式Ki=IC50/(1+[基质]/Km)来得到。
结果如表1所示:
表1.化合物对弗林蛋白酶的抑制活性
Figure BDA0001822207140000091
Figure BDA0001822207140000092
Figure BDA0001822207140000101
Figure BDA0001822207140000111
从表1中可以看出,制备得到的化合物在弗林蛋白酶基于荧光肽的蛋白水解的分析测定中都表现出一定程度对弗林蛋白酶的抑制活性;说明本发明制备得到的化合物可抑制弗林蛋白酶活性;作为弗林蛋白酶抑制剂;用于制备治疗与弗林蛋白酶有关癌症的药物。

Claims (2)

1.一种含脒基的对称化合物,所述含脒基的对称化合物用于制备抑制弗林蛋白酶活性的制剂,其特征在于,其结构如下所示:
Figure FDA0003337385370000011
式中:X为苯环;Y为NH;
R1为脒基;R2为H;
A为CH,B为CH。
2.一种药物组合物,其特征在于,包含如权利要求1所述的任一种化合物和药学上可接受的赋形剂。
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