CN109159602B - Salt porcelain and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Salt porcelain and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109159602B CN109159602B CN201810931461.9A CN201810931461A CN109159602B CN 109159602 B CN109159602 B CN 109159602B CN 201810931461 A CN201810931461 A CN 201810931461A CN 109159602 B CN109159602 B CN 109159602B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
- B44C3/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing ornamental structures
- B44C3/06—Sculpturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
- B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
- B44C1/20—Applying plastic materials and superficially modelling the surface of these materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
- B44C3/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing ornamental structures
- B44C3/04—Modelling plastic materials, e.g. clay
- B44C3/046—Modelling plastic materials, e.g. clay using a modelling surface, e.g. plate
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a salt porcelain and a preparation method thereof, wherein the salt porcelain comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90-100 parts of high-purity sodium chloride, 30-40 parts of resin binder, 0.5-20 parts of forming agent, 0.5-1.5 parts of curing agent, 5-10 parts of inorganic filler, 1-2 parts of reinforcing agent, 0.5-1 part of dispersing agent and 0.5-1.5 parts of moisture-proof agent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of salt porcelain crafts, in particular to salt porcelain and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The handicraft appreciation product made of the sea salt as the raw material is a new industry developed in recent years, China is the first salt-producing kingdom in the world, the annual output is 7-8 million tons, the handicraft product is mainly used for the salt for the two alkalization industries, the production process flow of the raw salt is longer, the market additional value is lower, the utilization rate of the salt outside the chemical industry is lower, the utilization rate of the raw salt can be effectively improved and the market value can be exerted by making the sea salt into the handicraft product with ornamental and beautifying values, the existing handicraft product made of the raw salt is mainly used in the salt sculpture industry, the salt sculpture is a sculpture product made of the sea salt, the color and the variety are single, the artistic value is not high, and the market application prospect is also more common.
The salt porcelain product is a blank technology at home and abroad at present, and is a product which is made from sodium chloride and can be used for firing similar porcelain with different colors and patterns on the surface of the product.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a salt porcelain and a preparation method thereof, which are used for solving the problems of single color and variety, low artistic value and general market prospect of the existing art appreciation products prepared by taking original salt as a raw material.
In order to achieve the purpose, the embodiment of the invention provides a salt porcelain, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90-100 parts of high-purity sodium chloride, 30-40 parts of resin binder, 0.5-20 parts of forming agent, 0.5-1.5 parts of curing agent, 5-10 parts of inorganic filler, 1-2 parts of reinforcing agent, 0.5-1 part of dispersing agent and 0.5-1.5 parts of moisture-proof agent.
Preferably, the resin binder is selected from one or more of polyurethane, epoxy resin, rosin pentaerythritol ester, polyacrylate, phenolic resin or urea resin.
Preferably, the forming agent is one or two of paraffin and polyethylene glycol, and the curing agent is one or more of aminoethyl piperazine, m-phenylenediamine and toluene diisocyanate.
Preferably, the inorganic filler is selected from one or more of quartz particles, aluminum silicate particles or kaolin particles.
Preferably, the reinforcing agent is selected from one or two of graphene or carbon nanotubes, and the dispersing agent is selected from one or more of modified polycarboxylate amine salt, modified polyacrylate or phosphate salt.
Preferably, the moisture-proof agent is selenium powder.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a preparation method of the salt porcelain, which comprises the following steps:
1) manufacturing a mould: the three-dimensional digital model of the salt porcelain is obtained through CAD/CAE/CAM modeling software manufacturing and designing, and is guided into a 3D printing forming equipment terminal, a 3D printer is started to print by taking photosensitive resin as a raw material, a 3D printing high polymer material model is obtained after ultraviolet light curing, the 3D printing high polymer material model is taken as a female die, a double-opening symmetrical silica gel die is manufactured by adopting an over-molding method, then a stainless steel die holder is installed outside the silica gel die, the manufactured silica gel die is cleaned, the silica gel die is lubricated for multiple times by using a release agent after being cleaned, and then the silica gel die is cleaned again and dried completely;
2) preparing raw materials: providing raw salt required for preparing salt porcelain, crushing, sieving and removing impurities from the raw salt until 80-150 meshes of high-purity sodium chloride is obtained, weighing the raw materials according to the parts by weight of the raw materials, pretreating the fully ground inorganic filler by using a silane coupling agent, fully and uniformly mixing the weighed resin binder and a curing agent to prepare a resin glue solution, fully and uniformly stirring the weighed raw salt, a forming agent, the inorganic filler pretreated by using the silane coupling agent, a reinforcing agent, a dispersing agent, a moisture-proof agent and 60% of the resin glue solution, and pumping out air in the resin glue solution by using a pumping-out machine;
3) preparing a salt porcelain semi-finished product: lubricating the silica gel molds with a release agent, compacting the uniformly mixed salt material along the contour of the inner cavity of the silica gel mold, wherein the thickness of the salt material in the silica gel mold is about 0.5-1mm, the middle of the inner cavity of the silica gel mold is left empty, the seam of the two silica gel molds ensures that the salt material is 0.5mm higher than the edge of the silica gel mold, and the smoothness of the salt material joint surface is ensured as much as possible, uniformly coating a layer of resin glue solution on the salt material joint surface at the seam of the two groups of silica gel molds, combining the two symmetrical silica gel molds, fastening and connecting the two symmetrical silica gel molds by using screws, pouring fine salt into the hollow part between the two halves of the silica gel molds from the empty part at the upper part of the silica gel molds for filling and vibrating and compacting, pressing the molds by using a cold isostatic press, and placing the;
4) pretreating a salt porcelain semi-finished product: pouring out the filled fine salt in the silica gel mold, opening the silica gel mold to obtain a hollow salt porcelain semi-finished product with a hollow interior, polishing and shaping the obtained salt porcelain semi-finished product, uniformly coating a resin glue solution on the outer surface of the salt porcelain semi-finished product, drying in an oven at 40-50 ℃ for 30-40min, brushing the resin glue solution again after polishing, and drying in the oven at 40-50 ℃ for 30-40min again;
5) colored drawing: drawing patterns on the surface of the salt porcelain semi-finished product by a manual drawing or transfer printing method;
6) glazing: coating glaze on the blank of the pattern along the pattern on the surface of the salt porcelain semi-finished product at 22-27 ℃ by means of glaze dipping, glaze brushing or glaze spraying, and naturally airing or placing in an oven to bake for 30-50min at 180 ℃ to obtain the salt porcelain finished product;
7) and (3) inspection and packaging: and (4) inspecting the prepared finished salt porcelain, printing a trademark on a qualified product, packaging and leaving the factory, and intensively recovering and treating unqualified products.
Preferably, in the step 1), the rollover method comprises the following steps: firstly, providing silica gel for manufacturing a turnover mold of a silica gel mold, adding a curing agent accounting for 1.5 percent of the silica gel into the silica gel at room temperature, fully and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed sizing material, then lubricating the outer surface of a female mold and the inner surface of a mold enclosing box by using a release agent, putting the female mold after the lubricating treatment into a proper position in the mold enclosing box, slowly pouring the vacuumized mixed sizing material on the female mold along a fixed pouring point, removing the mold enclosing box after the silica gel is dried and molded, and taking out the female mold from the dried and molded silica gel to obtain the molded silica gel mold.
Preferably, in the step 5), the transfer method includes a transfer paper transfer method, and the transfer paper transfer method includes the steps of: the method comprises the steps of conveying colored drawing patterns to a laser printer through a computer, printing the patterns on special printing paper through the laser printer, uniformly spraying a layer of gloss oil paint film after blow-drying, cutting off required patterns by using an infrared positioning engraving machine when the gloss oil paint film is seven-eighths dry, releasing the patterns in water, transferring the released films to a semi-finished salt porcelain product, reserving redundant transparent films, uniformly drawing the peripheries of the transparent films, then folding and discharging water and air bubbles by using wallpaper, cutting off redundant areas along the edges of the patterns after drying, finally spraying a layer of PU paint film on the surfaces of the transferred patterns by using a spray gun, and repeatedly spraying until film marks disappear after drying thoroughly.
Preferably, in the step 5), the transfer method further includes a water film transfer method, and the water film transfer method includes the steps of: firstly, spraying a layer of primer on the surface of the salt porcelain semi-finished product and drying the salt porcelain semi-finished product in the air, placing a water-based film printed with patterns on the water surface, spraying an activating agent on the surface of the water-based film, soaking the salt porcelain semi-finished product on the water surface, dissolving the water-based film and transferring the patterns onto the salt porcelain semi-finished product, cleaning the transferred salt porcelain semi-finished product with tap water, and spraying a layer of varnish film on the surface of the patterns after drying in the air.
The embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:
the salt porcelain and the preparation method thereof provided by the embodiment of the invention have the advantages that the salt blank of the salt porcelain is prepared by taking high-purity sodium chloride as a raw material, a forming agent, a reinforcing agent and a dispersing agent are added, the strength and the structural stability of the blank can be effectively improved, the inorganic filler treated by a silane coupling agent is also added into the raw material, the interface bonding force between the salt blank and a resin binder is favorably improved, the resin binder coating is coated on the surface of the obtained semi-finished salt porcelain product through compression molding in a silica gel mold, the adhesiveness and the durability of colored drawing and glaze can be effectively improved, the inside of the salt porcelain product is of a hollow or solid structure, the integral structure is homogeneous and stable, the strength is high, the design and variety are various, the color and the pattern are durable, and the salt porcelain has better moisture resistance.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The salt porcelain provided by the embodiment comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90 parts of high-purity sodium chloride, 20 parts of epoxy resin, 10 parts of polyurethane, 0.5 part of paraffin, 0.5-part of aminoethyl piperazine, 5 parts of quartz particles, 1 part of graphene, 0.5 part of modified polycarboxylic amine salt and 0.5 part of selenium powder.
The embodiment provides a preparation method of salt porcelain, which comprises the following steps:
1) manufacturing a mould: the three-dimensional digital model of the salt porcelain is manufactured and designed through CAD/CAE/CAM modeling software and is led into a 3D printing forming equipment terminal, a 3D printer is started to print by taking PLA resin as a raw material, a 3D printing high polymer material model is obtained after ultraviolet light curing, the 3D printing high polymer material model is taken as a female die, a double-opening symmetrical silica gel die is manufactured by adopting an over-molding method, and the over-molding method comprises the following steps: firstly, providing silica gel for turning a mold for manufacturing a silica gel mold, adding a curing agent accounting for 1.5 percent of the silica gel into the silica gel at room temperature, fully and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed sizing material, then lubricating the outer surface of a female mold and the inner surface of a mold enclosing box by zinc stearate, putting the female mold after the lubricating treatment into a proper position in the mold enclosing box, slowly pouring the vacuumized mixed sizing material on the female mold along a fixed pouring point, removing the mold enclosing box after the silica gel is dried and formed, taking out the female mold from the dried and formed silica gel to obtain a formed silica gel mold, then installing a stainless steel mold support outside the silica gel mold, cleaning the prepared silica gel mold, lubricating the silica gel mold for multiple times by the zinc stearate after cleaning, cleaning again and completely drying;
2) preparing raw materials: providing raw salt required for preparing salt porcelain, wherein the raw salt can be selected from sea salt, well salt, mineral salt and the like, firstly crushing, sieving and removing impurities from the raw salt until 80-150-mesh high-purity sodium chloride is obtained, weighing the raw materials according to the weight parts of the raw materials, pretreating fully ground inorganic filler by using a silane coupling agent, fully and uniformly mixing the weighed epoxy resin, polyurethane and aminoethyl piperazine to prepare a resin glue solution, fully and uniformly stirring the weighed high-purity sodium chloride, paraffin, quartz particles, graphene, modified polycarboxylic acid amine salt, selenium powder and 60% of the resin glue solution which are treated by using the silane coupling agent in advance, and removing air in the resin glue solution by using an air extractor;
3) preparing a salt porcelain semi-finished product: lubricating the silica gel molds with a release agent, compacting the uniformly mixed salt material along the contour of the inner cavity of the silica gel mold, wherein the thickness of the salt material in the silica gel mold is about 0.5-1mm, the middle of the inner cavity of the silica gel mold is left empty, the seam of the two silica gel molds ensures that the salt material is 0.5mm higher than the edge of the silica gel mold, and the smoothness of the salt material joint surface is ensured as much as possible, uniformly coating a layer of resin glue solution on the salt material joint surface at the seam of the two groups of silica gel molds, combining the two symmetrical silica gel molds, fastening and connecting the two symmetrical silica gel molds by using screws, pouring fine salt into the hollow part between the two halves of the silica gel molds from the empty part at the upper part of the silica gel molds for filling and vibrating and compacting, pressing the molds by using a cold isostatic press, and placing the;
4) pretreating a salt porcelain semi-finished product: pouring out the filled fine salt in the silica gel mold, opening the silica gel mold to obtain a hollow salt porcelain semi-finished product with a hollow interior, polishing and shaping the obtained salt porcelain semi-finished product, uniformly coating a resin glue solution on the outer surface of the salt porcelain semi-finished product, drying in an oven at 40-50 ℃ for 30-40min, brushing the resin glue solution again after polishing, and drying in the oven at 40-50 ℃ for 30-40min again;
5) colored drawing: drawing patterns on the surface of the salt porcelain semi-finished product through manual drawing;
6) glazing: coating glaze on the blank of the pattern along the pattern on the surface of the salt porcelain semi-finished product at 22-27 ℃ by means of glaze dipping, glaze brushing or glaze spraying, and naturally airing or placing in an oven to bake for 30-50min at 180 ℃ to obtain the salt porcelain finished product;
7) and (3) inspection and packaging: and (4) inspecting the prepared finished salt porcelain, printing a trademark on a qualified product, packaging and leaving the factory, and intensively recovering and treating unqualified products.
Example 2
The salt porcelain provided by the embodiment comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 95 parts of high-purity sodium chloride, 20 parts of epoxy resin, 5 parts of rosin pentaerythritol ester, 5 parts of polyacrylate, 5 parts of polyurethane, 10 parts of polyethylene glycol, 1 part of toluene diisocyanate, 5 parts of quartz particles, 5 parts of kaolin particles, 1 part of graphene, 1 part of modified polyacrylate and 1 part of selenium powder.
The embodiment provides a preparation method of salt porcelain, which comprises the following steps:
1) manufacturing a mould: the three-dimensional digital model of the salt porcelain is manufactured and designed through CAD/CAE/CAM modeling software and is led into a 3D printing forming equipment terminal, a 3D printer is started to print by taking PLA resin as a raw material, a 3D printing high polymer material model is obtained after ultraviolet light curing, the 3D printing high polymer material model is taken as a female die, a double-opening symmetrical silica gel die is manufactured by adopting an over-molding method, and the over-molding method comprises the following steps: firstly, providing silica gel for turning a mold for manufacturing a silica gel mold, adding a curing agent accounting for 1.5 percent of the silica gel into the silica gel at room temperature, fully and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed sizing material, then lubricating the outer surface of a female mold and the inner surface of a mold enclosing box by zinc stearate, putting the female mold after the lubricating treatment into a proper position in the mold enclosing box, slowly pouring the vacuumized mixed sizing material on the female mold along a fixed pouring point, removing the mold enclosing box after the silica gel is dried and formed, taking out the female mold from the dried and formed silica gel to obtain a formed silica gel mold, then installing a stainless steel mold support outside the silica gel mold, cleaning the prepared silica gel mold, lubricating the silica gel mold for multiple times by the zinc stearate after cleaning, cleaning again and completely drying;
2) preparing raw materials: providing raw salt required for preparing salt porcelain, wherein the raw salt can be selected from sea salt, well salt, mineral salt and the like, firstly crushing, sieving and removing impurities from the raw salt until high-purity sodium chloride with 80-150 meshes is obtained, weighing the raw materials according to the weight parts of the raw materials, pretreating fully ground inorganic filler by using a silane coupling agent, fully and uniformly mixing weighed epoxy resin, rosin pentaerythritol ester, polyacrylate, polyurethane and toluene diisocyanate to prepare a resin glue solution, fully and uniformly stirring weighed high-purity sodium chloride, polyethylene glycol, quartz particles treated by using the silane coupling agent in advance, kaolin particles, graphene, modified polyacrylate, selenium powder and 60% of the resin glue solution, and pumping out air in the resin glue solution by using a pumping machine;
3) preparing a salt porcelain semi-finished product: lubricating the silica gel molds with a release agent, compacting the uniformly mixed salt material along the contour of the inner cavity of the silica gel mold, wherein the thickness of the salt material in the silica gel mold is about 0.5-1mm, the middle of the inner cavity of the silica gel mold is left empty, the seam of the two silica gel molds ensures that the salt material is 0.5mm higher than the edge of the silica gel mold, and the smoothness of the salt material joint surface is ensured as much as possible, uniformly coating a layer of resin glue solution on the salt material joint surface at the seam of the two groups of silica gel molds, combining the two symmetrical silica gel molds, fastening and connecting the two symmetrical silica gel molds by using screws, pouring fine salt into the hollow part between the two halves of the silica gel molds from the empty part at the upper part of the silica gel molds for filling and vibrating and compacting, pressing the molds by using a cold isostatic press, and placing the;
4) pretreating a salt porcelain semi-finished product: pouring out the filled fine salt in the silica gel mold, opening the silica gel mold to obtain a hollow salt porcelain semi-finished product with a hollow interior, polishing and shaping the obtained salt porcelain semi-finished product, uniformly coating a resin glue solution on the outer surface of the salt porcelain semi-finished product, drying in an oven at 40-50 ℃ for 30-40min, brushing the resin glue solution again after polishing, and drying in the oven at 40-50 ℃ for 30-40min again;
5) colored drawing: drawing patterns on the surface of the salt porcelain semi-finished product by a transfer paper transfer method, wherein the transfer paper transfer method comprises the following steps: transferring the colored drawing pattern to a laser printer by a computer, printing the pattern on special printing paper by the laser printer, uniformly spraying a layer of gloss oil paint film after blow-drying, cutting off the required pattern by an infrared positioning engraving machine when the gloss oil paint film is seven-eighths dry, releasing the pattern in water, transferring the released film onto a semi-finished salt porcelain product, reserving redundant transparent film, uniformly drawing the periphery, folding by wallpaper, discharging water and bubbles, cutting off redundant areas along the edge of the pattern by an art designer after air drying, finally spraying a layer of PU paint film on the surface of the transferred pattern by a spray gun, and repeatedly spraying until film marks disappear after air drying;
6) glazing: coating glaze on the blank of the pattern along the pattern on the surface of the salt porcelain semi-finished product at 22-27 ℃ by means of glaze dipping, glaze brushing or glaze spraying, and naturally airing or placing in an oven to bake for 30-50min at 180 ℃ to obtain the salt porcelain finished product;
7) and (3) inspection and packaging: and (4) inspecting the prepared finished salt porcelain, printing a trademark on a qualified product, packaging and leaving the factory, and intensively recovering and treating unqualified products.
Example 3
The salt porcelain provided by the embodiment comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of high-purity sodium chloride, 20 parts of epoxy resin, 10 parts of phenolic resin, 10 parts of urea-formaldehyde resin, 20 parts of polyethylene glycol, 1.5 parts of m-phenylenediamine, 10 parts of quartz particles, 1 part of phosphate ester salt, 1 part of graphene, 1 part of carbon nano tube and 1.5 parts of selenium powder.
The embodiment provides a preparation method of salt porcelain, which comprises the following steps:
1) manufacturing a mould: the three-dimensional digital model of the salt porcelain is manufactured and designed through CAD/CAE/CAM modeling software and is led into a 3D printing forming equipment terminal, a 3D printer is started to print by taking PLA resin as a raw material, a 3D printing high polymer material model is obtained after ultraviolet light curing, the 3D printing high polymer material model is taken as a female die, a double-opening symmetrical silica gel die is manufactured by adopting an over-molding method, and the over-molding method comprises the following steps: firstly, providing silica gel for turning a mold for manufacturing a silica gel mold, adding a curing agent accounting for 1.5 percent of the silica gel into the silica gel at room temperature, fully and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed sizing material, then lubricating the outer surface of a female mold and the inner surface of a mold enclosing box by zinc stearate, putting the female mold after the lubricating treatment into a proper position in the mold enclosing box, slowly pouring the vacuumized mixed sizing material on the female mold along a fixed pouring point, removing the mold enclosing box after the silica gel is dried and formed, taking out the female mold from the dried and formed silica gel to obtain a formed silica gel mold, then installing a stainless steel mold support outside the silica gel mold, cleaning the prepared silica gel mold, lubricating the silica gel mold for multiple times by the zinc stearate after cleaning, cleaning again and completely drying;
2) preparing raw materials: providing raw salt required for preparing salt porcelain, wherein the raw salt can be selected from sea salt, well salt, mineral salt and the like, firstly crushing, sieving and removing impurities from the raw salt until 80-150-mesh high-purity sodium chloride is obtained, weighing the raw materials according to the weight parts of the raw materials, pretreating fully ground inorganic filler by using a silane coupling agent, fully and uniformly mixing the weighed epoxy resin, phenolic resin, urea resin and m-phenylenediamine to prepare resin glue solution, fully and uniformly stirring the weighed high-purity sodium chloride, polyethylene glycol, quartz particles, graphene, carbon nano tubes, phosphate ester salt, selenium powder and 60% of resin glue solution which are treated by using a silane coupling agent in advance, and pumping out air in the resin glue solution by using a pumping machine;
3) preparing a salt porcelain semi-finished product: lubricating the silica gel molds with a release agent, compacting the uniformly mixed salt material along the contour of the inner cavity of the silica gel mold, wherein the thickness of the salt material in the silica gel mold is about 0.5-1mm, the middle of the inner cavity of the silica gel mold is left empty, the seam of the two silica gel molds ensures that the salt material is 0.5mm higher than the edge of the silica gel mold, and the smoothness of the salt material joint surface is ensured as much as possible, uniformly coating a layer of resin glue solution on the salt material joint surface at the seam of the two groups of silica gel molds, combining the two symmetrical silica gel molds, fastening and connecting the two symmetrical silica gel molds by using screws, pouring fine salt into the hollow part between the two halves of the silica gel molds from the empty part at the upper part of the silica gel molds for filling and vibrating and compacting, pressing the molds by using a cold isostatic press, and placing the;
4) pretreating a salt porcelain semi-finished product: pouring out the filled fine salt in the silica gel mold, opening the silica gel mold to obtain a hollow salt porcelain semi-finished product with a hollow interior, polishing and shaping the obtained salt porcelain semi-finished product, uniformly coating a resin glue solution on the outer surface of the salt porcelain semi-finished product, drying in an oven at 40-50 ℃ for 30-40min, brushing the resin glue solution again after polishing, and drying in the oven at 40-50 ℃ for 30-40min again;
5) colored drawing: drawing patterns on the surface of the salt porcelain semi-finished product by a water film transfer printing method, wherein the water film transfer printing method comprises the following steps: firstly, spraying a layer of primer on the surface of a salt porcelain semi-finished product and drying the salt porcelain semi-finished product in the air, placing a water-based film printed with a pattern on the water surface, spraying an activating agent on the surface of the water-based film, soaking the salt porcelain semi-finished product on the water surface, dissolving the water-based film and transferring the pattern onto the salt porcelain semi-finished product, cleaning the transferred salt porcelain semi-finished product with tap water, and spraying a layer of varnish film on the surface of the pattern after drying in the air;
6) glazing: coating glaze on the blank of the pattern along the pattern on the surface of the salt porcelain semi-finished product at 22-27 ℃ by means of glaze dipping, glaze brushing or glaze spraying, and naturally airing or placing in an oven to bake for 30-50min at 180 ℃ to obtain the salt porcelain finished product;
7) and (3) inspection and packaging: and (4) inspecting the prepared finished salt porcelain, printing a trademark on a qualified product, packaging and leaving the factory, and intensively recovering and treating unqualified products.
Example 4
The salt porcelain provided by the embodiment comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of high-purity sodium chloride, 15 parts of epoxy resin, 15 parts of polyurethane, 20 parts of paraffin, 1 part of m-phenylenediamine, 10 parts of quartz particles, 1 part of modified polycarboxylate amine salt, 1 part of graphene, 1 part of carbon nano tube and 0.5 part of selenium powder.
The embodiment provides a preparation method of salt porcelain, which comprises the following steps:
1) manufacturing a mould: the three-dimensional digital model of the salt porcelain is manufactured and designed through CAD/CAE/CAM modeling software and is led into a 3D printing forming equipment terminal, a 3D printer is started to print by taking PLA resin as a raw material, a 3D printing high polymer material model is obtained after ultraviolet light curing, the 3D printing high polymer material model is taken as a female die, a double-opening symmetrical silica gel die is manufactured by adopting an over-molding method, and the over-molding method comprises the following steps: firstly, providing silica gel for turning a mold for manufacturing a silica gel mold, adding a curing agent accounting for 1.5 percent of the silica gel into the silica gel at room temperature, fully and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed sizing material, then lubricating the outer surface of a female mold and the inner surface of a mold enclosing box by zinc stearate, putting the female mold after the lubricating treatment into a proper position in the mold enclosing box, slowly pouring the vacuumized mixed sizing material on the female mold along a fixed pouring point, removing the mold enclosing box after the silica gel is dried and formed, taking out the female mold from the dried and formed silica gel to obtain a formed silica gel mold, then installing a stainless steel mold support outside the silica gel mold, cleaning the prepared silica gel mold, lubricating the silica gel mold for multiple times by the zinc stearate after cleaning, cleaning again and completely drying;
2) preparing raw materials: providing raw salt required for preparing salt porcelain, wherein the raw salt can be selected from sea salt, well salt, mineral salt and the like, firstly crushing, sieving and removing impurities from the raw salt until 80-150 meshes of high-purity sodium chloride is obtained, weighing the raw materials according to the weight parts of the raw materials, pretreating fully ground inorganic filler by using a silane coupling agent, fully and uniformly mixing the weighed epoxy resin, polyurethane and m-phenylenediamine to prepare resin glue solution, fully and uniformly stirring the weighed high-purity sodium chloride, paraffin, quartz particles, graphene, carbon nano tubes, modified polycarboxylic acid amine salt, selenium powder and 60% of resin glue solution which are treated by using the silane coupling agent in advance, and removing air in the resin glue solution by using a suction machine;
3) preparing a salt porcelain semi-finished product: lubricating the silica gel molds with a release agent, compacting the uniformly mixed salt material along the contour of the inner cavity of the silica gel mold, wherein the thickness of the salt material in the silica gel mold is about 0.5-1mm, the middle of the inner cavity of the silica gel mold is left empty, the seam of the two silica gel molds ensures that the salt material is 0.5mm higher than the edge of the silica gel mold, and the smoothness of the salt material joint surface is ensured as much as possible, uniformly coating a layer of resin glue solution on the salt material joint surface at the seam of the two groups of silica gel molds, combining the two symmetrical silica gel molds, fastening and connecting the two symmetrical silica gel molds by using screws, pouring fine salt into the hollow part between the two halves of the silica gel molds from the empty part at the upper part of the silica gel molds for filling and vibrating and compacting, pressing the molds by using a cold isostatic press, and placing the;
4) pretreating a salt porcelain semi-finished product: pouring out the filled fine salt in the silica gel mold, opening the silica gel mold to obtain a hollow salt porcelain semi-finished product with a hollow interior, polishing and shaping the obtained salt porcelain semi-finished product, uniformly coating a resin glue solution on the outer surface of the salt porcelain semi-finished product, drying in an oven at 40-50 ℃ for 30-40min, brushing the resin glue solution again after polishing, and drying in the oven at 40-50 ℃ for 30-40min again;
5) colored drawing: drawing patterns on the surface of the salt porcelain semi-finished product by a transfer paper transfer method, wherein the transfer paper transfer method comprises the following steps: transferring the colored drawing pattern to a laser printer by a computer, printing the pattern on special printing paper by the laser printer, uniformly spraying a layer of gloss oil paint film after blow-drying, cutting off the required pattern by an infrared positioning engraving machine when the gloss oil paint film is seven-eighths dry, releasing the pattern in water, transferring the released film onto a semi-finished salt porcelain product, reserving redundant transparent film, uniformly drawing the periphery, folding by wallpaper, discharging water and bubbles, cutting off redundant areas along the edge of the pattern by an art designer after air drying, finally spraying a layer of PU paint film on the surface of the transferred pattern by a spray gun, and repeatedly spraying until film marks disappear after air drying;
6) glazing: coating glaze on the blank of the pattern along the pattern on the surface of the salt porcelain semi-finished product at 22-27 ℃ by means of glaze dipping, glaze brushing or glaze spraying, and naturally airing or placing in an oven to bake for 30-50min at 180 ℃ to obtain the salt porcelain finished product;
7) and (3) inspection and packaging: and (4) inspecting the prepared finished salt porcelain, printing a trademark on a qualified product, packaging and leaving the factory, and intensively recovering and treating unqualified products.
Example 5
The salt porcelain provided by the embodiment comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of high-purity sodium chloride, 30 parts of polyacrylic resin, 20 parts of paraffin, 1 part of toluene diisocyanate, 10 parts of quartz particles, 0.5 part of modified polycarboxylate amine salt, 1 part of graphene, 1 part of carbon nano tube and 0.5 part of selenium powder.
The embodiment provides a preparation method of salt porcelain, which comprises the following steps:
1) manufacturing a mould: the three-dimensional digital model of the salt porcelain is manufactured and designed through CAD/CAE/CAM modeling software and is led into a 3D printing forming equipment terminal, a 3D printer is started to print by taking PLA resin as a raw material, a 3D printing high polymer material model is obtained after ultraviolet light curing, the 3D printing high polymer material model is taken as a female die, a double-opening symmetrical silica gel die is manufactured by adopting an over-molding method, and the over-molding method comprises the following steps: firstly, providing silica gel for turning a mold for manufacturing a silica gel mold, adding a curing agent accounting for 1.5 percent of the silica gel into the silica gel at room temperature, fully and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed sizing material, then lubricating the outer surface of a female mold and the inner surface of a mold enclosing box by zinc stearate, putting the female mold after the lubricating treatment into a proper position in the mold enclosing box, slowly pouring the vacuumized mixed sizing material on the female mold along a fixed pouring point, removing the mold enclosing box after the silica gel is dried and formed, taking out the female mold from the dried and formed silica gel to obtain a formed silica gel mold, then installing a stainless steel mold support outside the silica gel mold, cleaning the prepared silica gel mold, lubricating the silica gel mold for multiple times by the zinc stearate after cleaning, cleaning again and completely drying;
2) preparing raw materials: providing raw salt required for preparing salt porcelain, wherein the raw salt can be selected from sea salt, well salt, mineral salt and the like, firstly crushing, sieving and removing impurities from the raw salt until 80-150-mesh high-purity sodium chloride is obtained, weighing the raw materials according to the weight parts of the raw materials, pretreating fully ground inorganic filler by using a silane coupling agent, fully and uniformly mixing weighed polyacrylic resin and toluene diisocyanate to prepare resin glue solution, fully and uniformly stirring the weighed high-purity sodium chloride, paraffin, quartz particles, graphene, carbon nano tubes, modified polycarboxylic acid amine salt, selenium powder and 60% of resin glue solution which are treated by using the silane coupling agent in advance, and pumping out air in the resin glue solution by using a pumping machine;
3) preparing a salt porcelain semi-finished product: lubricating the silica gel molds with a release agent, compacting the uniformly mixed salt material along the contour of the inner cavity of the silica gel mold, wherein the thickness of the salt material in the silica gel mold is about 0.5-1mm, the middle of the inner cavity of the silica gel mold is left empty, the seam of the two silica gel molds ensures that the salt material is 0.5mm higher than the edge of the silica gel mold, and the smoothness of the salt material joint surface is ensured as much as possible, uniformly coating a layer of resin glue solution on the salt material joint surface at the seam of the two groups of silica gel molds, combining the two symmetrical silica gel molds, fastening and connecting the two symmetrical silica gel molds by using screws, pouring fine salt into the hollow part between the two halves of the silica gel molds from the empty part at the upper part of the silica gel molds for filling and vibrating and compacting, pressing the molds by using a cold isostatic press, and placing the;
4) pretreating a salt porcelain semi-finished product: pouring out the filled fine salt in the silica gel mold, opening the silica gel mold to obtain a hollow salt porcelain semi-finished product with a hollow interior, polishing and shaping the obtained salt porcelain semi-finished product, uniformly coating a resin glue solution on the outer surface of the salt porcelain semi-finished product, drying in an oven at 40-50 ℃ for 30-40min, brushing the resin glue solution again after polishing, and drying in the oven at 40-50 ℃ for 30-40min again;
5) colored drawing: drawing patterns on the surface of the salt porcelain semi-finished product by a transfer paper transfer method, wherein the transfer paper transfer method comprises the following steps: transferring the colored drawing pattern to a laser printer by a computer, printing the pattern on special printing paper by the laser printer, uniformly spraying a layer of gloss oil paint film after blow-drying, cutting off the required pattern by an infrared positioning engraving machine when the gloss oil paint film is seven-eighths dry, releasing the pattern in water, transferring the released film onto a semi-finished salt porcelain product, reserving redundant transparent film, uniformly drawing the periphery, folding by wallpaper, discharging water and bubbles, cutting off redundant areas along the edge of the pattern by an art designer after air drying, finally spraying a layer of PU paint film on the surface of the transferred pattern by a spray gun, and repeatedly spraying until film marks disappear after air drying;
6) glazing: coating glaze on the blank of the pattern along the pattern on the surface of the salt porcelain semi-finished product at 22-27 ℃ by means of glaze dipping, glaze brushing or glaze spraying, and naturally airing or placing in an oven to bake for 30-50min at 180 ℃ to obtain the salt porcelain finished product;
7) and (3) inspection and packaging: and (4) inspecting the prepared finished salt porcelain, printing a trademark on a qualified product, packaging and leaving the factory, and intensively recovering and treating unqualified products.
Example 6
According to the method of the embodiment, the salt porcelain product can be made into a solid structure, the adopted formula and other processes are the same as those in embodiment 1, and the difference is that the inner cavity of the silica gel mold is completely filled when salt is filled into the inner cavity of the silica gel mold, and a vacant area is not arranged between the two silica gel molds.
The specific preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) manufacturing a mould: the three-dimensional digital model of the salt porcelain is manufactured and designed through CAD/CAE/CAM modeling software and is led into a 3D printing forming equipment terminal, a 3D printer is started to print by taking PLA resin as a raw material, a 3D printing high polymer material model is obtained after ultraviolet light curing, the 3D printing high polymer material model is taken as a female die, a double-opening symmetrical silica gel die is manufactured by adopting an over-molding method, and the over-molding method comprises the following steps: firstly, providing silica gel for turning a mold for manufacturing a silica gel mold, adding a curing agent accounting for 1.5 percent of the silica gel into the silica gel at room temperature, fully and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed sizing material, then lubricating the outer surface of a female mold and the inner surface of a mold enclosing box by zinc stearate, putting the female mold after the lubricating treatment into a proper position in the mold enclosing box, slowly pouring the vacuumized mixed sizing material on the female mold along a fixed pouring point, removing the mold enclosing box after the silica gel is dried and formed, taking out the female mold from the dried and formed silica gel to obtain a formed silica gel mold, then installing a stainless steel mold support outside the silica gel mold, cleaning the prepared silica gel mold, lubricating the silica gel mold for multiple times by the zinc stearate after cleaning, cleaning again and completely drying;
2) preparing raw materials: providing raw salt required for preparing salt porcelain, wherein the raw salt can be selected from sea salt, well salt, mineral salt and the like, firstly crushing, sieving and removing impurities from the raw salt until 80-150-mesh high-purity sodium chloride is obtained, weighing the raw materials according to the weight parts of the raw materials, pretreating fully ground inorganic filler by using a silane coupling agent, fully and uniformly mixing the weighed epoxy resin, polyurethane and aminoethyl piperazine to prepare a resin glue solution, fully and uniformly stirring the weighed high-purity sodium chloride, paraffin, quartz particles, graphene, modified polycarboxylic acid amine salt, selenium powder and 60% of the resin glue solution which are treated by using the silane coupling agent in advance, and removing air in the resin glue solution by using an air extractor;
3) preparing a salt porcelain semi-finished product: lubricating the silica gel molds with a release agent, filling the inner cavities of the silica gel molds with the uniformly mixed salt, ensuring that the salt is 0.5mm higher than the edges of the silica gel molds without leaving a space in the middle of the inner cavities of the silica gel molds, ensuring that the salt is flat on the salt joint surfaces as much as possible, uniformly coating a layer of resin glue solution on the salt joint surfaces at the joints of the two groups of silica gel molds, combining the two symmetrical silica gel molds, fastening and connecting the two symmetrical silica gel molds by using screws, pressing the two silica gel molds into a mold by using a cold isostatic press, and standing the molded silica gel molds at 20-25 ℃ for 7-24 hours;
4) pretreating a salt porcelain semi-finished product: opening a silica gel mold to obtain a solid salt porcelain semi-finished product with solid inside, polishing and shaping the obtained salt porcelain semi-finished product, uniformly coating a resin glue solution on the outer surface of the salt porcelain semi-finished product, drying in an oven at 40-50 ℃ for 30-40min, brushing the resin glue solution again after polishing, and drying in the oven at 40-50 ℃ for 30-40min again;
5) colored drawing: drawing patterns on the surface of the salt porcelain semi-finished product through manual drawing;
6) glazing: coating glaze on the blank of the pattern along the pattern on the surface of the salt porcelain semi-finished product at 22-27 ℃ by means of glaze dipping, glaze brushing or glaze spraying, and naturally airing or placing in an oven to bake for 30-50min at 180 ℃ to obtain the salt porcelain finished product;
7) and (3) inspection and packaging: and (4) inspecting the prepared finished salt porcelain, printing a trademark on a qualified product, packaging and leaving the factory, and intensively recovering and treating unqualified products.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (5)
1. The salt porcelain is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90-100 parts of high-purity sodium chloride, 30-40 parts of resin binder, 0.5-20 parts of forming agent, 0.5-1.5 parts of curing agent, 5-10 parts of inorganic filler, 1-2 parts of reinforcing agent, 0.5-1 part of dispersing agent and 0.5-1.5 parts of moisture-proof agent, wherein the resin binder is selected from one or more of polyurethane, epoxy resin, rosin pentaerythritol ester, polyacrylate, phenolic resin or urea resin, the forming agent is selected from one or two of paraffin or polyethylene glycol, the curing agent is selected from one or more of aminoethyl piperazine, m-phenylenediamine or toluene diisocyanate, the inorganic filler is selected from one or more of quartz particles, aluminum silicate particles or kaolin particles, the reinforcing agent is selected from one or two of graphene or carbon nano tubes, the dispersing agent is selected from one or more of modified polycarboxylic amine salt, One or more of modified polyacrylate or phosphate, and the moisture-proof agent is selenium powder.
2. The method for preparing salt porcelain according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
1) manufacturing a mould: the three-dimensional digital model of the salt porcelain is obtained through CAD/CAE/CAM modeling software manufacturing and designing, and is guided into a 3D printing forming equipment terminal, a 3D printer is started to print by taking photosensitive resin as a raw material, a 3D printing high polymer material model is obtained after ultraviolet light curing, the 3D printing high polymer material model is taken as a female die, a double-opening symmetrical silica gel die is manufactured by adopting an over-molding method, then a stainless steel die holder is installed outside the silica gel die, the manufactured silica gel die is cleaned, the silica gel die is lubricated for multiple times by using a release agent after being cleaned, and then the silica gel die is cleaned again and dried completely;
2) preparing raw materials: providing raw salt required for preparing salt porcelain, crushing, sieving and removing impurities from the raw salt until 80-150 meshes of high-purity sodium chloride is obtained, weighing the raw materials according to the parts by weight of the raw materials, pretreating the fully ground inorganic filler by using a silane coupling agent, fully and uniformly mixing the weighed resin binder and a curing agent to prepare a resin glue solution, fully and uniformly stirring the weighed raw salt, a forming agent, the inorganic filler pretreated by using the silane coupling agent, a reinforcing agent, a dispersing agent, a moisture-proof agent and 60% of the resin glue solution, and pumping out air in the resin glue solution by using a pumping-out machine;
3) preparing a salt porcelain semi-finished product: lubricating the silica gel molds with a release agent, compacting the uniformly mixed salt material along the contour of the inner cavity of the silica gel mold, wherein the thickness of the salt material in the silica gel mold is 0.5-1mm, the middle of the inner cavity of the silica gel mold is empty, the seam of the two silica gel molds ensures that the salt material is 0.5mm higher than the edge of the silica gel mold, and the smoothness of the salt material joint surface is ensured as much as possible, uniformly coating a layer of resin glue solution on the salt material joint surface at the seam of the two groups of silica gel molds, combining the two symmetrical silica gel molds, fastening and connecting the two symmetrical silica gel molds by screws, pouring fine salt into the hollow part between the two halves of the silica gel molds from the empty part at the upper part of the silica gel molds for filling and vibrating and tamping, pressing the molds by using a cold isostatic press, and placing the molded silica gel;
4) pretreating a salt porcelain semi-finished product: pouring out the filled fine salt in the silica gel mold, opening the silica gel mold to obtain a hollow salt porcelain semi-finished product with a hollow interior, polishing and shaping the obtained salt porcelain semi-finished product, uniformly coating a resin glue solution on the outer surface of the salt porcelain semi-finished product, drying in an oven at 40-50 ℃ for 30-40min, brushing the resin glue solution again after polishing, and drying in the oven at 40-50 ℃ for 30-40min again;
5) colored drawing: drawing patterns on the surface of the salt porcelain semi-finished product by a manual drawing or transfer printing method;
6) glazing: coating glaze on the blank of the pattern along the pattern on the surface of the salt porcelain semi-finished product at 22-27 ℃ by means of glaze dipping, glaze brushing or glaze spraying, and naturally airing or placing in an oven to bake for 30-50min at 180 ℃ to obtain the salt porcelain finished product;
7) and (3) inspection and packaging: and (4) inspecting the prepared finished salt porcelain, printing a trademark on a qualified product, packaging and leaving the factory, and intensively recovering and treating unqualified products.
3. The method for preparing salt porcelain according to claim 2, wherein in the step 1), the turnover method comprises the following steps: firstly, providing silica gel for mold turning for manufacturing a silica gel mold, adding a curing agent accounting for 1.5 percent of the silica gel into the silica gel at room temperature, fully and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed sizing material, then lubricating the outer surface of a female mold and the inner surface of a mold enclosing box by using a release agent, putting the female mold after the lubricating treatment into a proper position in the mold enclosing box, slowly pouring the vacuumized mixed sizing material on the female mold along a fixed pouring point, removing the mold enclosing box after the silica gel is dried and formed, and taking out the female mold from the dried and formed silica gel to obtain the formed silica gel mold.
4. The method for preparing salt porcelain according to claim 2, wherein in the step 5), the transfer method comprises a transfer paper transfer method, and the transfer paper transfer method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of conveying colored drawing patterns to a laser printer through a computer, printing the patterns on printing paper through the laser printer, uniformly spraying a layer of gloss oil paint film after blow-drying, cutting off required patterns by using an infrared positioning engraving machine when the gloss oil paint film is seven-eight dry, releasing the patterns in water, transferring the released films to a semi-finished salt porcelain product, reserving redundant transparent films, uniformly drawing the peripheries, then folding by using wallpaper to discharge water and air bubbles, cutting off redundant areas along the edges of the patterns after drying, finally spraying a layer of PU paint film on the transferred pattern surfaces by using a spray gun, and repeatedly spraying until film marks disappear after drying thoroughly.
5. The method for preparing salt porcelain according to claim 2, wherein in the step 5), the transfer method further comprises a water film transfer method, and the water film transfer method comprises the following steps: firstly, spraying a layer of primer on the surface of the salt porcelain semi-finished product and drying the salt porcelain semi-finished product in the air, placing a water-based film printed with patterns on the water surface, spraying an activating agent on the surface of the water-based film, soaking the salt porcelain semi-finished product on the water surface, dissolving the water-based film and transferring the patterns onto the salt porcelain semi-finished product, cleaning the transferred salt porcelain semi-finished product with tap water, and spraying a layer of varnish film on the surface of the patterns after drying in the air.
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