CN109153240A - 装饰材料 - Google Patents

装饰材料 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109153240A
CN109153240A CN201780031642.XA CN201780031642A CN109153240A CN 109153240 A CN109153240 A CN 109153240A CN 201780031642 A CN201780031642 A CN 201780031642A CN 109153240 A CN109153240 A CN 109153240A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
gloss
adjustment layer
layer
gloss adjustment
delustering agent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201780031642.XA
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English (en)
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CN109153240B (zh
Inventor
东川荣
东川荣一
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toppan Inc
Original Assignee
Toppan Printing Co Ltd
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Application filed by Toppan Printing Co Ltd filed Critical Toppan Printing Co Ltd
Publication of CN109153240A publication Critical patent/CN109153240A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN109153240B publication Critical patent/CN109153240B/zh
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N7/00—Flexible sheet materials not otherwise provided for, e.g. textile threads, filaments, yarns or tow, glued on macromolecular material
    • D06N7/0002—Wallpaper or wall covering on textile basis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B13/00—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material
    • B32B13/04—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
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Abstract

本发明的目的在于提供一种能够表现出只能从特定视角才能看到的花纹图案的装饰材料。在根据本实施方式的装饰材料(1)中，在第1光泽调整层(5)和第2光泽调整层(6)当中的光泽相对较低的光泽调整层中添加有粒径小于其层厚的1.0倍的消光剂。由此，能够以悬浮于光泽调整层中的状态使消光剂暴露在表面。因此，能够在正面观察中获得充分的消光效果，并且同时能够使被赋予至表面的凹凸变小，因而使从斜方向入射的光发生散射的效果变弱，能够降低从斜方向进行观察时的消光效果。因此，当从斜方向进行观察时，能够使由光泽差所表现出的花纹图案即设计变为不可见的。

Description

装饰材料
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于建筑物的内外装修、门窗、家具等的表面装饰等的装饰材料。更具体地，本发明涉及一种立体地表现出由表面的光泽差而得到的凹凸感、并且同时能够表现出只能从特定视角才能看到的花纹图案的装饰材料。
背景技术
以往，用于(例如)建筑物的内外装修、门窗、家具等的表面装饰等的装饰材料通常被施加木纹图案或石纹图案等所期望的花纹图案。另外，不仅平面地表现出木纹图案或石纹图案等花纹图案、而且也立体地表现出天然木材或石材所具有的表面凹凸感的装饰材料也主要广泛地用于需要具有高级感的用途。
作为在装饰材料的表面上显示出平面的花纹图案连同立体的凹凸感的方法，以往已经研究了各种方法，根据目的而分开使用。其中具有这样的方法：在装饰材料表面上实际上不形成凹凸，而是通过使想要表现出凹部或凸部的部分的表面光泽状态(具体而言，为光泽度)不同，从而利用人类眼睛的错觉来视觉地表现出凹凸的立体感。根据该方法，即使实际上并不存在凹凸形状，人类的眼睛也能够识别光泽相对高的部分作为凸部、光泽相对低的部分作为凹部。
具体而言，例如在印刷有包含凹图案的合适图案的基材的印刷面的整个面上，形成光泽低的透明或半透明的合成涂料层，然后在所形成的合成涂料层的表面的除了对应于凹图案的部分以外的部分处形成光泽高的透明或半透明的合成涂料层。当然，若将光泽的高低关系反转，则能够得到凹凸关系反转了的装饰材料。
根据该方法，无需特殊的试剂等，仅通过准备光泽不同的2种涂料，对于任何基材均能够容易地赋予立体的凹凸感。而且，光泽不同的合成涂料层的形成可以通过在形成花纹图案(花纹油墨层)之后继续采用凹版印刷法等常用印刷法来进行，因而无需任何的特殊设备，生产效率也高，也容易与花纹图案保持同步。另外，若与想要表现的凹凸的高度差相比，则合成涂料层的厚度要薄得多，因而除了能够减少树脂的使用量以外，在挠性方面也是有利的，能够易于实现弯曲加工适应性优异的装饰材料。另外，装饰材料的表面没有大的凹凸，因而也具有污染物不会残留于凹部的这种优点。
鉴于上述一系列优点，采用这种方法的装饰材料已经被大量使用，但是事实是这种方法在高级感方面仍然没有超过实际形成凹凸的方法。考察其原因可能是：例如，采用机械压花法，能够忠实地再现包括导管等的截面形状在内的天然木材的导管等的凹凸形状。与此相对，在使用光泽不同的2种涂料的方法中，由于表面光泽的等级是两种，因而能够表现出的凹凸的等级也是两种。因此，具有这样的问题：难以表现出诸如天然木材的导管等这样的、具有深度(高度)连续变化的斜面部的凹凸形状。
因此，近年来提出了一种装饰材料，其通过设置表现出具有深度连续变化的斜面部的凹凸形状的合成涂料层(以下也称为“光泽调整层”)，从而能够表现出诸如天然木材的导管等这样的、具有斜面部的凹凸形状(例如参照专利文献1)。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1：日本专利第3629964号公报
发明内容
发明所要解决的课题
但是，作为装饰材料所需要的设计，如上所述，自古以来都期望再现天然材质(木纹或石纹等)，但是近来年也需要表现出人工花纹图案(几何图案或文字等)。这些有时可以通过印刷来表现，也可以利用由上述的光泽差得到的凹凸感来进行表现。当通过光泽差来表现花纹图案时，由于底层的花纹透过而变得可见，因而如同天然材质一样地，不仅与图案一致而赋予凹凸感，而且还能够表现出完全不同的花纹图案作为设计。
在此，作为光泽调整层的光泽调整方法，一般为向作为粘合剂的透明树脂中添加光泽调整剂(消光剂)的方法。作为光泽调整剂，主要使用无机材料或有机材料的微粒，特别是，无机材料的微粒(特别是二氧化硅微粒)的消光性能高，被广泛地使用。通过添加光泽调整剂，使得光泽调整剂对光泽调整层的表面赋予凹凸，这种凹凸使光散射从而得到了消光效果。通过调整这些光泽调整剂的种类及添加量，能够任意地制作出所需的光泽。
然而，通过光泽调整剂而被赋予的凹凸比光泽调整层的厚度小，而且，其比通过机械压花法而被赋予的凹凸要小得多。因此，在从正面观察装饰材料表面的情况以及从斜方向观察装饰材料表面的情况下，会产生由光泽差而得到的凹凸感发生变化的现象。这是因为，当从斜方向进行观察时，光泽相对较低的部分的光泽(光泽度)会上升，使得光泽(光泽度)相对较高的部分与光泽(光泽度)相对较低的部分的光泽差(光泽度差)会变小。
另一方面，作为设计表现，这种现象在某些情况下会成为重要的效果。也就是说，能够成为这样的设计：利用观察由光泽差所表现出的花纹图案的角度来使外观发生变化，从而从正面观察时可见的花纹图案在从斜方向进行观察的情况下变为不可见的。
为了解决上述课题，本发明的目的在于提供一种能够表现出只能从特定视角才能看到的花纹图案的装饰材料。
解决课题的手段
本发明人进行了深入研究，结果发现，通过将光泽相对较低的光泽调整层的层厚以及所添加的消光剂的粒径设为最佳范围，从而能够积极地提升当从斜方向进行观察时的光泽调整层的光泽，使得无法看见由光泽差所表现出的花纹图案(设计)。
为了实现上述课题，本发明一个方面的装饰材料具备：设置于基材上的第1光泽调整层；以及部分地设置于第1光泽调整层上、且具有与第1光泽调整层的光泽不同的光泽的第2光泽调整层，该装饰材料的特征在于：在第1光泽调整层和第2光泽调整层当中，光泽相对较低的光泽调整层中添加有粒径小于其层厚的1.0倍的消光剂。
发明的效果
根据本发明一个方面的装饰材料，通过将光泽低的光泽调整层的层厚以及所添加的消光剂的粒径设为最佳范围，从而使当从斜方向进行观察时光泽调整层的消光效果降低，能够使由光泽差所表现出的花纹图案变为不可见的。由此，可提供一种能够表现出只能从特定视角才能看到的花纹图案的装饰材料。
附图简要说明
[图1]为表示本发明所涉及的实施方式的装饰材料的剖面图。
具体实施方式
对于根据本发明实施方式的装饰材料1，参照附图来进行说明。
在此，附图是示意性的，厚度与平面尺寸之间的关系、各层的厚度比率等与实际情况不同。此外，以下所示的实施方式举例示出了用于将本发明的技术思想具体化的构成，关于本发明的技术思想，构成部件的材质、形状及构造等并不限定于下述。本发明的技术思想可以在权利要求书记载的权利要求项所限定的技术范围内进行各种的改变。
(构成)
如图1所示，本实施方式的装饰材料1具备：设置于基材2上的第1光泽调整层5；以及部分地设置于第1光泽调整层5上、且具有与第1光泽调整层5的光泽不同的光泽的第2光泽调整层6。并且，重要的是：在这些第1、第2光泽调整层5、6当中，光泽相对较低的光泽调整层中添加有粒径小于其层厚的1.0倍、更优选为0.9倍以下的消光剂。由此，能够以浮现于光泽调整层中的状态使消光剂暴露在表面。因此，不仅能够在正面观察中得到充分的消光效果，并且同时能够使赋予至表面的凹凸变小，因而使从斜方向入射的光发生散射的效果变弱，能够降低当从斜方向进行观察时的消光效果。因此，当从斜方向进行观察时，能够使由光泽差所表现出的花纹图案(即，设计)变得不可见。
需要说明的是，也可以设为在基材2与第1光泽调整层5之间配置如后所述的底层油墨层3、图案油墨层4及透明树脂层(未图示)等其他层的结构。另外，底层油墨层3也可以是(例如)通过将油墨涂布在整个基材2上而形成的层。
在此，层厚是指当对光泽相对较低的光泽调整层的截面进行观察时充满消光剂彼此之间的间隙的树脂部分的厚度。在本实施方式中，由于消光剂的粒径小于层厚的1.0倍，更优选为层厚的0.9倍以下，因而消光剂成为在光泽调整层内悬浮的状态，或者多个消光剂彼此重合而成为暴露于光泽调整层表面的状态。因此，层厚的测定可通过测量没有消光剂暴露的树脂部分、或者消光剂之间的树脂部分的多个位置处的长度、并对所得值取平均来求得。另外，关于粒径，当粒子形状不是球形时，将粒子的截面设为椭圆形，并将其长径和短径的平均值设为粒径即可。也就是说，在本实施方式中，粒径指的是当将粒子的截面形状假定为圆形或椭圆形时的平均粒径。
另外，若考虑到当粒径过小时，即使从正面观察消光效果也会变小，无法获得所需的设计表现，则优选将消光剂粒径的下限值设为光泽相对较低的光泽调整层的层厚的0.2倍。
需要说明的是，关于层厚与消光剂粒径之间的关系，重要的是消光剂的粒径小于层厚的1.0倍，更优选为层厚的0.9倍以下，并且作为具体的大小，优选为2μm以上15μm以下。只要在该数值范围内，则能够选择任意的粒径。例如，当将层厚设为5μm时，将消光剂的粒径设为小于5.0μm，更优选为4.5μm以下即可。
作为消光剂，可以使用市售公知的消光剂等。例如，可列举出由二氧化硅、玻璃、氧化铝、碳酸钙、硫酸钡、丙烯酸类等无机材料构成的微粒。第1、第2光泽调整层5、6由于需要具有高的透明性，因而上述当中，期望使用透明性高的二氧化硅、玻璃、丙烯酸类等的微粒。特别地，在二氧化硅微粒当中，不是实心的球形粒子，而是由微细的1次粒子经过2次凝集而成的体积密度低的消光剂相对于添加量的消光效果高。因此，通过使用这样的消光剂，从而能够形成光泽更低的光泽调整层。由此，能够使第1光泽调整层5与第2光泽调整层6之间的光泽差变大，并能够使所得的凹凸感变大。由此，能够实现具有更大深度的优异的设计表达。
如上所述，消光剂粒径可以选择任意的数值，但是在使用公知消光剂的情况下，优选设为2μm以上15μm以下。更优选地，设为4μm以上12μm以下。粒径小于2μm的消光剂的消光效果低，因而无法充分地得到作为本实施方式的特征的凹凸感。另外，对于粒径大于15μm的消光剂，光的散射会变大，因而会造成第1、第2光泽调整层5、6的白浊，或者视觉上的粒子感会变大，这会损害作为本实施方式的特征的凹凸感。
需要说明的是，只要消光剂(例如)悬浮于构成添加有该消光剂的光泽调整层的树脂组合物内，则该消光剂的比重可以比该树脂组合物小，也可以比该树脂组合物大。
另外，将添加有消光剂的光泽调整层在光泽调整层的层厚方向上分为2等分，在将位于基材2一侧的层设为下层、并将位于与基材2一侧相对的那一侧的层设为上层的情况下，该上层中可以存在有被添加到光泽调整层中的消光剂的50％以上。在此，被添加到光泽调整层中的消光剂的存在比是通过由进行截面观察时消光剂与除了消光剂以外的构成光泽调整层的树脂部分的面积比所计算出的比率来进行定义的。也就是说，换算为面积比计，光泽调整层的上层可包括与光泽调整层的下层相同量或该量以上的消光剂。
根据上述结构，多个消光剂彼此重合的频率变高，容易形成消光剂暴露于光泽调整层表面的状态。
作为构成第1、第2光泽调整层5、6的树脂部分(树脂组合物)，可使用(例如)聚氨酯系、丙烯酸有机硅系、氟系、环氧系、乙烯系、聚酯系、三聚氰胺系、氨基醇酸系、尿素系等。另外，树脂组合物的形态可以是水性、乳液、溶剂系等，没有特别的限定。此外，关于树脂组合物的固化方法，可使用(例如)一液型、二液型、紫外线固化法等。
在本实施方式中，特别地，从操作性、价格、树脂本身的凝聚力等观点出发，将使用了异氰酸酯的氨基甲酸酯系作为树脂组合物是优选的。作为异氰酸酯，可使用(例如)甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)、二甲苯二异氰酸酯(XDI)、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HMDI)、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)、赖氨酸二异氰酸(LDI)、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、甲基己烷二异氰酸酯(HTDI)、双(异氰酸甲酯基)环己烷(HXDI)、三甲基六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(TMDI)等的衍生物即加合物、缩二脲体及异氰脲酸酯体等固化剂。
这些当中，在需要耐候性的用途中，优选使用具有直链状分子结构的六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HMDI)。另外，在需要表面硬度的用途中，优选使用异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)。此外，为了将六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HMDI)和异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)的优点组合在一起，混合使用也是有效的。此外，在谋求提高表面硬度的情况下，优选使用以紫外线或电子束等活性能量射线进行固化的树脂。需要说明的是，这些树脂可互相组合而使用。
另外，为了对第1、第2光泽调整层5、6赋予各种功能，也可以添加(例如)抗菌剂、防霉剂等功能性添加剂。另外，根据需要，也可以添加紫外线吸收剂、光稳定剂。作为紫外线吸收剂，可使用(例如)苯并三唑系、苯甲酸酯系、二苯甲酮系、三嗪系。另外，作为光稳定剂，可使用受阻胺系。此外，在需要防污染性或Cellotape(注册商标)脱模性的情况下，可添加具有有机硅骨架的脱模剂。在这种情况下，脱模剂的种类没有特别的限定，通过使用具有对树脂组合物有反应性的末端官能团的有机硅脱模剂，从而能够提高防污染性或Cellotape脱模性的耐久性。
在本实施方式中，第1、第2光泽调整层5、6具有相互不同的光泽。另外，第1光泽调整层5覆盖基材2的第1光泽调整层5那一侧的表面的整个表面，第2光泽调整层6部分地覆盖第1光泽调整层5上的第2光泽调整层6那一侧的表面。因此，通过第1、第2光泽调整层5、6的光泽差，从而表现出花纹图案(设计)。
需要说明的是，在本实施方式中，虽然示出了第1光泽调整层5覆盖基材2的第1光泽调整层5那一侧的表面的整个面的例子，但是也可以采用其他的结构。例如，也可以设为第1光泽调整层5部分地覆盖基材2的第1光泽调整层5那一侧的表面的结构。
另外，在第1、第2光泽调整层5、6当中，光泽相对较低的光泽调整层中添加了消光剂。相对于100质量份的树脂组合物，消光剂的添加量优选为5质量份以上40质量份以下。更优选地，设为10质量份以上30质量份以下。当小于5质量份时，消光效果不足，因而与光泽相对较高的光泽调整层的光泽差变小，凹凸感不足，由光泽差所表现出的花纹图案变得难以可见。结果，想要表现的设计感不足。另外，当超过40质量份时，树脂组合物相对于消光剂而变得不足，因而会导致消光剂的脱落、及由脱落引起的耐擦伤性的降低，这会显著地损害装饰材料1所需的耐久性。
需要说明的是，即使在光泽相对较高的光泽调整层中，也可以添加任意的消光剂。这些需要根据最终的凹凸感或设计性而适当地调整。另外，用于第1、第2光泽调整层5、6的消光剂及树脂组合物可以相同也可以不同。这些可根据凹凸感及各种所需性能来自由地选择。
另外，第1、第2光泽调整层5、6的层厚可选择任意的数值，但是如上所述，由于消光剂的粒径优选设为2μm以上15μm以下，因而第1、第2光泽调整层5、6的层厚在同等程度的范围内，更优选设为2.3μm以上16.7μm以下。另外，第1、第2光泽调整层5、6由于成为装饰材料1的最外表面的层，因而要求具有作为装饰材料1所需的耐磨性、耐擦伤性、耐溶剂性、耐污染性等表面物性。其中，耐磨性或耐擦伤性受到层厚的影响，层厚越大越有利。因此，第1、第2光泽调整层5、6的更优选的层厚为2.3μm以上12μm以下。当小于2.3μm时，耐磨性及耐擦伤性显著地变差，因而作为装饰材料1的用途有时会受到限制。另外，当大于16.7μm时，第1、第2光泽调整层5、6自身的挠性变差，因而作为装饰材料1的加工性有时会变差。
基材2只要是用作装饰材料1的基纸的材料，则没有特别的限定。例如，可使用薄页纸、树脂混合纸、钛纸、树脂浸渍纸、阻燃纸、无机纸等纸类，由天然纤维或合成纤维构成的纺布或无纺布，均聚或无规聚丙烯树脂、聚乙烯树脂等聚烯烃树脂，共聚聚酯树脂、无定形状态的结晶性聚酯树脂、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯树脂、聚丁烯树脂、丙烯酸类树脂、聚酰胺树脂、聚碳酸酯树脂、聚氯乙烯树脂、聚偏二氯乙烯树脂、氟树脂等合成树脂系基材，木质单板、贴面、胶合板、层压板、刨花板、中密度纤维板等木质系基材，石膏板、水泥板、硅酸钙板、陶瓷板等无机系基材，铁、铜、铝、不锈钢等金属系基材，或者它们的复合材料、层叠体等以往公知的材料。另外，作为基材2的形状，可使用(例如)膜状、片状、板状、异形成型体等。
需要说明的是，在基材2与第1光泽调整层5之间可设置用于对装饰材料1赋予花纹图案的图案油墨层4。作为花纹图案，可使用(例如)木纹图案、石纹图案、砂纹图案、瓷砖图案、砖砌图案、布纹图案、皮革图案、几何图形等。在图1的例子中，图案油墨层4形成于第2光泽调整层6的正下方部分。另外，图案油墨层4的花纹图案与第2光泽调整层6的光泽不同步，并表现出与第2光泽调整层6的光泽完全不同的花纹图案。换句话说，由第2光泽调整层6的光泽差所表现的花纹图案表现出了与图案油墨层4的花纹图案完全不同的花纹图案以作为设计。
此外，根据所需的设计，在基材2与图案油墨层4之间也可以设置覆盖基材2的第1光泽调整层5那一侧的表面的整个表面的底层油墨层3。另外，根据需要，底层油墨层3也可以是2层以上的多层以实现隐蔽性等。此外，为了表现出所需的设计，图案油墨层4也可以通过层叠必要的多层来形成。如此地，根据所需的设计(也就是所要表现的设计)，图案油墨层4和底层油墨层3可以为多种组合，并没有特别的限定。
底层油墨层3和图案油墨层4的构成材料没有特别的限定。例如，可使用将基质及染料、颜料等着色剂溶解分散于溶剂中而得的印刷油墨或涂布剂。作为基质，可使用(例如)油性的硝化棉树脂、2液氨基甲酸酯树脂、丙烯酸系树脂、苯乙烯系树脂、聚酯系树脂、氨基甲酸酯系树脂、聚乙烯基系树脂、醇酸树脂、环氧树脂、三聚氰胺系树脂、氟系树脂、有机硅系树脂、橡胶系树脂等各种合成树脂类、或者它们的混合物、共聚物等。另外，作为着色剂，可使用(例如)炭黑、钛白、锌白、氧化铁红、铬黄、普鲁士蓝、镉红等无机颜料，或偶氮颜料、色淀颜料、蒽醌颜料、酞菁颜料、异吲哚啉颜料、二噁嗪颜料等有机颜料，或者它们的混合物。另外，作为溶剂，可使用(例如)甲苯、二甲苯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、丙酮、甲乙酮、甲基异丁酮、环己酮、水等，或者它们的混合物等。
另外，为了对底层油墨层3和图案油墨层4赋予各种功能，也可以添加(例如)体质颜料、增塑剂、分散剂、表面活性剂、粘接赋予剂、粘接助剂、干燥剂、固化剂、固化促进剂及固化延迟剂等功能性添加剂。
底层油墨层3、图案油墨层4、以及第1、第2光泽调整层5、6中的各层可通过(例如)凹版印刷法、胶版印刷法、丝网印刷法、静电印刷法、喷墨印刷法等各种印刷方法来形成。另外，为了覆盖基材2的第1光泽调整层5那一侧的表面的整个表面，底层油墨层3和第1光泽调整层5也可通过(例如)辊涂布法、刀涂布法、微凹版涂布法、模涂布法等各种涂布方法形成。这些印刷方法、涂布方法可根据所形成的层来分别进行选择，也可以选择相同的方法一起进行加工。
为了调整第1、第2光泽调整层5、6的层厚，只要在上述印刷方法及涂布方法中调整涂布量即可。在各种印刷方法及涂布方法中，制作了在基材2上形成有光泽调整层的样品、以及在基材2上没有形成光泽调整层的样品，可通过它们的质量差来计算出涂布量。涂布量与层厚的关系可通过截面观察来求出。
另外，在特别需要耐磨性的情况下，在图案油墨层4与第1光泽调整层5之间可以设置透明树脂层(未图示)。作为透明树脂层，优选使用(例如)以烯烃系树脂作为主成分的树脂组合物。作为烯烃系树脂，除了聚丙烯、聚乙烯、聚丁烯等之外，还可使用(例如)使α-烯烃(例如丙烯、1-丁烯、1-戊烯、1-己烯、1-庚烯、1-辛烯、1-壬烯、1-癸烯、1-十一烯、1-十二烯、十三烯、1-十四烯、1-十五烯、1-十六烯、1-十七烯、1-十八烯、1-十九烯、1-二十烯、3-甲基-1-丁烯、3-甲基-1-戊烯、3-乙基-1-戊烯、4-甲基-1-戊烯、4-甲基-1-己烯、4,4-二甲基-1-戊烯、4-乙基-1-己烯、3-乙基-1-己烯、9-甲基-1-癸烯、11-甲基-1-十二烯、12-乙基-1-十四烯等)均聚或2种以上共聚而得的物质，或者如乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物、乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物、乙烯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物、乙烯-甲基丙烯酸乙酯共聚物、乙烯-甲基丙烯酸丁酯共聚物、乙烯-丙烯酸甲酯共聚物、乙烯-丙烯酸乙酯共聚物、乙烯-丙烯酸丁酯共聚物之类的使乙烯或α-烯烃与其以外的单体共聚而得的物质。特别地，当谋求表面强度进一步提高时，优选使用高结晶性的聚丙烯。
另外，也可以向透明树脂层中添加(例如)热稳定剂、紫外线吸收剂、光稳定剂、防粘连剂、催化剂捕捉剂及着色剂等添加剂。这些添加剂可从公知的添加剂中适当地选择并使用。此外，透明树脂层可通过(例如)采用热压的方法、挤出层压法、干式层压法等各种层叠方法来形成。
(作用和其他)
(1)如上所述，在本实施方式的装饰材料1中，在第1光泽调整层5和第2光泽调整层6当中的光泽相对较低的光泽调整层中添加粒径小于层厚的1.0倍、优选为层厚的0.9倍以下的消光剂。由此，能够以悬浮于光泽调整层中的状态使消光剂暴露在表面。因此，能够在正面观察中得到充分的消光效果，并且同时能够使被赋予至表面的凹凸变小，因而使从斜方向入射的光发生散射的效果变弱，能够降低当从斜方向进行观察时的消光效果。因此，当从斜方向进行观察时，能够使由光泽差所表现出的花纹图案(即，设计)变为不可见。
由此，从正面观察时可见的花纹图案在从斜方向的观察中变为不可见的。结果，可提供能够表现出只能从特定视角才能看到的花纹图案的装饰材料1。并且，可提供能够表现出具有高信息性的设计的装饰材料1，其中利用视角使得由光泽差所表现出的花纹图案变为不可见。
(2)此外，在本实施方式的装饰材料1中，使用由消光效果高的无机材料构成的消光剂。因此，能够大幅减少添加有消光剂的光泽调整层的光泽。因此，能够使第1光泽调整层5的光泽与第2光泽调整层6的光泽之差增大。由此，能够在正面观察中更加清楚地看到由光泽差所表现出的花纹图案。
(3)另外，在本实施方式的装饰材料1中，将消光剂的粒径设为2μm以上15μm以下的范围内，通过设为最优的范围，能够同时实现作为装饰材料1所需的表面强度和设计性。
(4)此外，在本实施方式的装饰材料1中，相对于100质量份的构成光泽相对较低的光泽调整层的树脂组合物，在5质量份以上40质量份以下的范围内添加消光剂。因此，能够可靠地降低添加有消光剂的光泽调整层的光泽，因而能够在正面观察中更加清楚且可靠地看到由光泽差所表现出的花纹图案。
(5)另外，在本实施方式的装饰材料1中，将添加有消光剂的光泽调整层在该光泽调整层的层厚方向上分为2等分，在将位于基材2一侧的层设为下层、并将位于与基材2一侧相对的那一侧的层设为上层的情况下，使该上层中存在被添加到光泽调整层中的消光剂的50％以上。因此，能使消光剂充分地暴露于光泽调整层的表面。如此地，能够在正面观察中得到充分的消光效果，并且同时能够使被赋予至表面的凹凸变小，因而使从斜方向入射的光发生散射的效果变弱，能够降低从斜方向观察时的消光效果。因此，当从斜方向进行观察时，能够使由光泽差所表现出的花纹图案(即，设计)变为不可见的。
(6)此外，在本实施方式的装饰材料1中，在光泽相对较高的光泽调整层中也添加消光剂。在这种方式中，使从斜方向入射的光发生散射的效果变弱，能够降低当从斜方向进行观察时的消光效果。因此，当从斜方向进行观察时，能够使由光泽差所表现出的花纹图案(即，设计)变为不可见的。由此，正面观察时可见的花纹图案在从斜方向的观察中变为不可见的。结果，可提供能够表现出只能从特定视角才能看到的花纹图案的装饰材料1。
(7)另外，在本实施方式的装饰材料1中，将消光剂的粒径设为添加有消光剂的光泽调整层的层厚的0.2倍以上。因此，即使在正面观察中也能可靠地得到充分的消光效果，能够实现所需要的设计表现。
以下，对于本发明的装饰材料1的实施例进行说明。
<实施例1>
在实施例1中，使用了单位面积重量为50g/m2的浸渍纸(GFR-506：“興人(株)”制)作为基材2。并且，使用油性的硝化棉树脂系凹版印刷油墨(PCNT(PCRNT)各颜色：“東洋インキ(株)”制)在基材2的一个面依次形成了底层油墨层3和图案油墨层4。将图案油墨层4的花纹图案设为木纹图案。
接下来，在形成有图案油墨层4的基材2上，涂布用于第1光泽调整层5的油墨以覆盖基材2的一个表面的整个表面，形成了第1光泽调整层5。油墨由相对于100质量份的丙烯酸多元醇(6KW-700：“大成ファインケミカル(株)”制)为8质量份的二氧化硅系消光剂(ミズカシル310P：“富士シリシア化学(株)”制)及10质量份的多异氰酸酯(UR190B固化剂：“東洋インキ(株)”制)构成。将油墨的涂布量设为3.5g/m2。作为截面观察的结果，层厚为3.2μm。将二氧化硅系消光剂的平均粒径设为2.7μm。然后，通过将用于第2光泽调整层6的油墨涂布于第1光泽调整层5上的位于图案油墨层4的正上方的部分处，从而形成了第2光泽调整层6。油墨由相对于100质量份的丙烯酸多元醇(6KW-700：“大成ファインケミカル(株)”制)为3质量份的二氧化硅系消光剂(ミズカシル310P：“富士シリシア化学(株)”制)及10质量份的多异氰酸酯(UR190B固化剂：“東洋インキ(株)”制)构成。将二氧化硅系消光剂的平均粒径设为2.7μm。
<实施例2>
在实施例2中，在形成有图案油墨层4的基材2上，涂布用于第1光泽调整层5的油墨以覆盖基材2的一个表面的整个表面，形成了第1光泽调整层5。油墨由相对于100质量份的丙烯酸多元醇(6KW-700：“大成ファインケミカル(株)”制)为8质量份的二氧化硅系消光剂(ACEMATT OK900：“エボニック社”制)及10质量份的多异氰酸酯(UR190B固化剂：“東洋インキ(株)”制)构成。将二氧化硅系消光剂的平均粒径设为7.5μm。另外，将油墨的涂布量设为9g/m2。作为截面观察的结果，层厚为8.6μm。然后，将用于第2光泽调整层6的油墨仅涂布于第1光泽调整层5上的成为图案油墨层4的正上方的部分处，从而形成了第2光泽调整层6。油墨由相对于100质量份的丙烯酸多元醇(6KW-700：“大成ファインケミカル(株)”制)为3质量份的平均粒径7.5μm的二氧化硅系消光剂(ACEMATT OK900：“エボニック社”制)及10质量份的多异氰酸酯(UR190B固化剂：“東洋インキ(株)”制)构成。除了上述以外，其他构成与实施例1相同。
<实施例3>
在实施例3中，在形成有图案油墨层4的基材2上，涂布用于第1光泽调整层5的油墨以覆盖基材2的一个表面的整个表面，形成了第1光泽调整层5。油墨由相对于100质量份的丙烯酸多元醇(6KW-700：“大成ファインケミカル(株)”制)为8质量份的二氧化硅系消光剂(ACEMATT 810：“エボニック社”制)及10质量份的多异氰酸酯(UR190B固化剂：“東洋インキ(株)”制)构成。将二氧化硅系消光剂的平均粒径设为10.5μm。另外，将油墨的涂布量设为12.5g/m2。作为截面观察的结果，层厚为12.2μm。然后，将用于第2光泽调整层6的油墨仅涂布于第1光泽调整层5上的成为图案油墨层4的正上方的部分处，从而形成了第2光泽调整层6。油墨由相对于100质量份的丙烯酸多元醇(6KW-700：“大成ファインケミカル(株)”制)为3质量份的平均粒径10.5μm的二氧化硅系消光剂(ACEMATT 810：“エボニック社”制)及10质量份的多异氰酸酯(UR190B固化剂：“東洋インキ(株)”制)构成。除了上述以外，其他构成与实施例1相同。
<比较例1>
在比较例1中，在形成有图案油墨层4的基材2上，以涂布量成为2.5g/m2的方式，涂布具有与实施例1相同组成的用于第1光泽调整层5的油墨以覆盖基材2的一个表面的整个表面。除了上述以外，与实施例1同样地形成第1光泽调整层5和第2光泽调整层6，得到了装饰材料1。需要说明的是，作为截面观察的结果，此时的第1光泽调整层5的层厚为2.3μm。
<比较例2>
在比较例2中，在形成有图案油墨层4的基材2上，以涂布量成为7.0g/m2的方式，涂布具有与实施例2相同组成的用于第1光泽调整层5的油墨以覆盖基材2的一个表面的整个表面。除了上述以外，与实施例2同样地形成第1光泽调整层5和第2光泽调整层6，得到了装饰材料1。需要说明的是，作为截面观察的结果，此时的第1光泽调整层5的层厚为6.8μm。
<比较例3>
在比较例3中，在形成有图案油墨层4的基材2上，以涂布量成为10.0g/m2的方式，涂布具有与实施例3相同组成的用于第1光泽调整层5的油墨以覆盖基材2的一个表面的整个表面。除了上述以外，与实施例3同样地形成第1光泽调整层5和第2光泽调整层6，得到了装饰材料1。需要说明的是，作为截面观察的结果，此时的第1光泽调整层5的层厚为9.7μm。
<评价>
对于上述的实施例1至3、比较例1至3，进行了设计性和光泽度的评价。
<设计性>
从正面和斜方向观察了装饰材料1的设计性。然后，将从斜方向进行观察时由光泽差所产生的花纹图案(设计)变为不可见的情况设为“○”，将从斜方向进行观察时由光泽差所产生的花纹图案(设计)变得相当微弱的情况设为“△”，将从斜方向进行观察时由光泽差所产生的花纹图案(设计)未发生变化的情况设为“×”。
<光泽度>
测定了第1光泽调整层5(也就是光泽相对较低的光泽调整层)中的20°、60°、85°的光泽度。
这些评价结果示出于表1中。
[表1]
在实施例1至3的装饰材料1中，如表1所示，可知：当从斜方向进行观察时，由第1光泽调整层5的光泽与第2光泽调整层6的光泽之差所表现出的花纹图案(设计)变为不可见的。也就是说，可知能够表现出只能从特定视角才能看到的花纹图案。另一方面，在比较例1至3的装饰材料中，即使从斜方向进行观察，由光泽差所表现出的花纹图案(设计)未发现有变化。另外，这些观察结果也出现在光泽度的测定结果中，在实施例1至3中，能够提高对应于斜方向观察的85°光泽度，因而能够使第1光泽调整层5与第2光泽调整层6的光泽度差(光泽差)变小。结果，可以认为由光泽差所表现出的设计变为不可见的。
需要说明的是，本发明的装饰材料不限于上述的实施方式和实施例，可以在不损害发明特征的范围内进行各种变更。
符号的说明
1 装饰材料
2 基材
3 底层油墨层
4 图案油墨层
5 第1光泽调整层
6 第2光泽调整层

Claims (7)

1.一种装饰材料，具备：设置于基材上的第1光泽调整层；以及部分地设置于所述第1光泽调整层上、且具有与所述第1光泽调整层的光泽不同的光泽的第2光泽调整层，该装饰材料的特征在于，
在所述第1光泽调整层和所述第2光泽调整层当中，光泽相对较低的光泽调整层中添加有粒径小于其层厚的1.0倍的消光剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装饰材料，其特征在于，所述消光剂由无机材料构成。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的装饰材料，其特征在于，所述消光剂的粒径在2μm以上15μm以下的范围内。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的装饰材料，其特征在于，相对于构成添加有所述消光剂的所述光泽调整层的树脂组合物100质量份，所添加的所述消光剂在5质量份以上40质量份以下的范围内。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的装饰材料，其特征在于，将添加有所述消光剂的所述光泽调整层在该光泽调整层的层厚方向上分为2等分，在将位于所述基材侧的层设为下层、并将位于与所述基材侧相对的那一侧的层设为上层的情况下，所述上层中存在有被添加到所述光泽调整层中的所述消光剂的50％以上。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的装饰材料，其特征在于，在光泽相对较高的光泽调整层中也添加有所述消光剂。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的装饰材料，其特征在于，所述消光剂的粒径为添加有所述消光剂的所述光泽调整层的层厚的0.2倍以上。
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