CN109150311A - A kind of multi-parameter sensing network based on fiber optic loop cavity attenuation and vibration technique - Google Patents
A kind of multi-parameter sensing network based on fiber optic loop cavity attenuation and vibration technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN109150311A CN109150311A CN201810765623.6A CN201810765623A CN109150311A CN 109150311 A CN109150311 A CN 109150311A CN 201810765623 A CN201810765623 A CN 201810765623A CN 109150311 A CN109150311 A CN 109150311A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/25—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
- H04B10/2589—Bidirectional transmission
- H04B10/25891—Transmission components
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of multi-parameter sensing networks based on fiber optic loop cavity attenuation and vibration technique, transmission direction along optical signal is disposed with signal generator, laser modulator, laser source, isolator, fiber amplifier, coupler, fibre delay line, fiber optic loop, optical-fiber bundling device, photodetector and oscillograph, coupler, fibre delay line and fiber optic loop have multiple, each fiber optic loop, which is respectively formed to decline, swings chamber, the input terminal and output end of each fiber optic loop are respectively arranged with the first coupler and the second coupler, sensing unit is equipped in each fiber optic loop, each fiber optic loop is sequentially entered through the amplified laser source of fiber amplifier, fibre delay line is equipped between two neighboring fiber optic loop, the length of each fiber optic loop is different, the length of each fibre delay line is also different.The present invention can satisfy the purpose that many reference amounts while measurement are carried out using optical fiber cavity attenuation and vibration technique, while can distinguish the transducing signal in each channel, reduce follow-up data treating capacity.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to optical fiber sensing network fields, and in particular to a kind of many reference amounts biography based on fiber optic loop cavity attenuation and vibration technique
Feel network.
Background technique
Fiber optic loop cavity attenuation and vibration technique reaches its maturity in sensing detection, have do not influenced by light source fluctuation, high sensitivity,
The advantages that electromagnetism interference, is widely used in the detection of the small-signals such as solid, liquid, gas.But these researchs and application
Greatly both for single parameter for, the function that optical fiber cavity attenuation and vibration technique has been realized also meets far away the needs of practical application.
Since the cost is relatively high for the fibre optical sensor of single channel list parameter, therefore it is directed to this problem, proposes optical fiber biography
The polymerization of sensor in sense, can share the expensive devices such as light source, photodetector and oscillograph in this way, reduce sensor-based system
Average unit cost has very high use value.Optical fiber sensing network can be multiplexed big quantity sensor, develop multiple measurement points with reality
Existing many reference amounts measure simultaneously.2003, mode-locked laser technology and fiber annular inner cavity laser gas were sensed skill by analogy big waves et al.
Art combines, propose and realize it is a set of with modelocked fiber annular cavity laser be multiplexing basis optical fiber inner cavity laser gas sensing
Network system, this sensing network system can carry out high-sensitivity measurement to multiple gas sensing units simultaneously.2013,
R.A.Perez-Herrera et al. describes sensor network, primary study robust, long-range and distributed Brillouin's network.
2014, Shang Jiabin et al. proposed and realizes the optical fiber microcavity sensing of the tri-consult volume based on Research on Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopy while measurement
Device.2016, Deming LIU et al. discussed optical fiber gas sensing network and strain sensing network etc..
Optical fiber sensing network always faces the problem of follow-up data processing when carrying out many reference amounts and measuring simultaneously, that is, distinguishes and decline
The corresponding relationship of signal Yu multiple parameters is swung, this is based on, soaring within 2010 et al., which realizes the four-way pressure of temperature-compensating, passes
Sensor, but experimental result shows that the transducing signal in each channel does not separate in the time domain, to be brought to subsequent data processing
Many difficulties.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of multi-parameter sensing networks based on fiber optic loop cavity attenuation and vibration technique, can satisfy
The purpose that many reference amounts measure simultaneously is carried out using optical fiber cavity attenuation and vibration technique, while the transducing signal in each channel can be distinguished,
Reduce follow-up data treating capacity.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of multi-parameter sensing network based on fiber optic loop cavity attenuation and vibration technique, is set in gas chamber, along the transmission of optical signal
Direction is disposed with signal generator, laser modulator, laser source, isolator, fiber amplifier, coupler, optical fiber delay
Line, fiber optic loop, optical-fiber bundling device, photodetector and oscillograph, wherein signal generator, laser modulator and laser source it
Between by connection, connection is used between photodetector and oscillograph, is all connected by single mode optical fiber between other devices；Institute
State coupler, fibre delay line and fiber optic loop and have multiple, each fiber optic loop, which is respectively formed to decline, swings chamber, after fiber amplifier amplifies
Laser source sequentially enter declining for each fiber optic loop and swing intracavitary, the input terminal and output end of each fiber optic loop are respectively arranged with first
Coupler and the second coupler, sensing unit is equipped in each fiber optic loop, and optical signal is all from the first coupling in fiber optic loop
The low splitting ratio end of device enters, by sensing unit and the second coupler, low point through the second coupler in each fiber optic loop
Light is exported than end, into optical-fiber bundling device, fibre delay line is equipped between two neighboring fiber optic loop, the length of each fiber optic loop is not
Together, the length of each fibre delay line is also different；
Two-way is divided into via the first coupler in first fiber optic loop by the pulse laser that fiber amplifier amplifies, all the way
It is swung in chamber into first declining for fiber optic loop, after sensing unit, the output of the second coupler through first fiber optic loop, separately
Enter all the way by fibre delay line in the first coupler of second annular chamber, as first fiber optic loop, via sensing
Unit and the output of the second coupler of second fiber optic loop；And so on, optical signal is respectively connected to each sensing unit, and adjacent two
Incoming fiber optic delay line between a fiber optic loop, the equal incoming fiber optic bundling device of the output of each fiber optic loop, then turned by photodetector
It changes electric signal into, is shown on oscillograph.
Preferably, each coupler is the fiber coupler of 2*2, and coupling ratio 99%:1% is put by optical fiber
The pulse laser of big device amplification enters the first fiber optic loop through 1% power output port of the first coupler in the first fiber optic loop
It declines and swings in chamber, and exported through 1% end of the second coupler in the first fiber optic loop, the first coupler in the first fiber optic loop and the
99% power port of the second coupler in one fiber optic loop is welded together；99% of the first coupler in first fiber optic loop
Power port enters in the first coupler in the second fiber optic loop by the first fibre delay line, as the first fiber optic loop, warp
It is exported by 1% end of the second coupler in the second fiber optic loop, on the first coupler and the second fiber optic loop in the second fiber optic loop
99% power port of the second coupler be welded together, and so on, access multiple fiber optic loops and multiple sensing units.
Preferably, along the transmission direction of optical signal, into each fiber optic loop decline swing intracavitary light be followed successively by 100%,
99%, 98%, 97%, the intensity of each pulse laser is equal.
Preferably, each fibre delay line is made of single mode optical fiber, and the length of each fibre delay line is different, i.e.,
Delay time is different.
Preferably, the length L of the fibre delay line0By formula L0=tc/neff determines that wherein t is pulse laser in length
Degree is L0Optical fiber in propagation time, c is the light velocity, and neff is the effective refractive index of optical fiber, the length of first fibre delay line
Degree are as follows: L1=5 τ 1c/neff, the length of second fibre delay line are as follows: L2=5 (τ 1+ τ 2) c/neff, third
The length of fibre delay line are as follows: L3=5 (τ 1+ τ 2+ τ 3) c/neff, τ 1, τ 2 and τ 3 are respectively first fiber optic loop, second
The ring-down time of pulse laser in a fiber optic loop and third fiber optic loop, and so on the length of each fibre delay line can be obtained
Degree.
Preferably, the laser source uses wavelength for the laser source of 1550nm.
Preferably, the fiber amplifier use erbium-doped fiber amplifier, erbium-doped fiber amplifier by one section of 2m er-doped
Optical fiber and 980nm pump light source are made up of 980/1550 wavelength division multiplexer.
Preferably, the sensing element uses shearing interferometry structure, optical fiber align gas chamber or Fabry-Perot fiber optic
Chamber.
Preferably, the length of each fiber optic loop is different, i.e., the chamber of each ring cavity is long different.
The present invention by by each sensing unit be respectively arranged at different fiber optic loops be formed by decline swing it is intracavitary, it is more to form
The optical fiber sensing network of parameter, measurement while can be achieved at the same time many kinds of parameters, using Optical Time Division Multiplexing Technology, by multichannel light
It is transmitted in same root optical fiber after signal multiplexing, the length of each fiber optic loop is different, enables to the multiple biographies mixed
Sense signal can be distinguished by Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), to distinguish different physical parameters from frequency domain；It is adjacent
Fibre delay line is equipped between two fiber optic loops, the length of each fibre delay line is different, can make using fibre delay line defeated
Declining out is swung signal and is distinguished in the time domain, to achieve the purpose that carry out multi-parameter sensing measurement using optical cavity ring-down technology, just
Each transducing signal is handled in subsequent, reduces data processing amount.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the FFT spectrogram of the fiber optic loop of different length of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with attached drawing, it is clear that described embodiment
Only section Example of the invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, the common skill in this field
Art personnel other all embodiments obtained without making creative work, belong to protection model of the invention
It encloses.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of multi-parameter sensing network based on fiber optic loop cavity attenuation and vibration technique of the present invention, is set to
In gas chamber, signal generator 1, laser modulator 2, laser source 3, isolator 4, light are disposed with along the transmission direction of optical signal
Fiber amplifier 5, coupler, fibre delay line, fiber optic loop, optical-fiber bundling device 11, photodetector 12 and oscillograph 13, wherein
It is connected between signal generator 1, laser modulator 2 and laser source 3 by route 14, is used between photodetector 12 and oscillograph 13
Route 14 connects, and other connections are all connected by single mode optical fiber 15；In the present embodiment, laser source 3 uses wavelength for 1550nm's
Laser source, fiber amplifier 5 use erbium-doped fiber amplifier, erbium-doped fiber amplifier by one section of 2m Er-doped fiber and 980nm
Pump light source is made up of 980/1550 wavelength division multiplexer, and fiber optic loop is multiple, in the present embodiment, using three optical fiber
Ring, respectively the first fiber optic loop 7-1, the second fiber optic loop 7-2 and third fiber optic loop 7-3, each fiber optic loop, which is respectively formed to decline, swings chamber, warp
The amplified laser source of fiber amplifier 5 sequentially enters the first fiber optic loop 7-1, the second fiber optic loop 7-2 and third fiber optic loop 7-3's
Declining, it is intracavitary to swing, and the input terminal and output end of each fiber optic loop are respectively arranged with the first coupler and the second coupler, each optical fiber
The first sensing unit 8-1, the second sensing unit 8-2 and third sensing unit 8-3 are successively arranged on ring, sensing unit is for detecting
The indoor various physical signals of gas, such as strength of fluid, humidity and smokescope, optical signal is from the first coupler in fiber optic loop
Low splitting ratio end enter, after sensing unit and the second coupler, the output of low splitting ratio end through the second coupler enters
Optical-fiber bundling device 11 is equipped with fibre delay line between two neighboring fiber optic loop.
In the present embodiment, each coupler is the fiber coupler of 2*2, splitting ratio 99%:1%, sensing list
Member uses shearing interferometry structure, optical fiber align gas chamber or Fabry-Perot fiber optic chamber.
It is divided into two via the first coupler 6-11 on the first fiber optic loop 7-1 by the pulse laser that fiber amplifier 5 amplifies
Road, wherein the 1% power output port all the way through the first coupler 6-11 on the first fiber optic loop 7-1 enters the first fiber optic loop 7-
1 decline is swung in chamber, after the first fiber optic loop 7-1, the 1% end output through the second coupler 6-12 on the first fiber optic loop 7-1,
99% power end of the second coupler 6-12 on the first coupler 6-11 and the first fiber optic loop 7-1 on first fiber optic loop 7-1
Mouth is welded together；Another way is successively through 99% power port and first of 7-1 couples of the first fiber optic loop of the first coupler 6-11
Fibre delay line 10-1 enters in the first coupler 6-21 on the second fiber optic loop 7-2, as the first fiber optic loop 7-1, via
The second coupler 6-22 on second sensing unit 8-2 and the second fiber optic loop 7-2 is exported, the first coupling on the second fiber optic loop 7-2
99% power port of the second coupler 6-22 on clutch 6-21 and the second fiber optic loop 7-2 is welded together；Second fiber optic loop
99% power port of the first coupler 6-21 on 7-2 enters on third fiber optic loop 7-3 by the second fibre delay line 10-2
The first coupler 6-31 in, as the second fiber optic loop 7-2, via on third sensing unit 8-3 and third fiber optic loop 7-3
Second coupler 6-32 output；And so on, optical signal is respectively connected to multiple sensing units, accesses between two neighboring fiber optic loop
Fibre delay line, the equal incoming fiber optic bundling device 11 of the output of each fiber optic loop, then electric signal is converted by photodetector 12, it shows
Show on oscillograph 13；Decline that swing intracavitary light be respectively 100%, 99%, 98%, 97% into each fiber optic loop, pulse swashs
Luminous intensity is equal, convenient for matching with the detectivity of photodetector 12.
Every section of fibre delay line is made of single mode optical fiber, and the length of each fibre delay line is different, that is, when postponing
Between it is different, so that distinguishing declining for each parameter from time domain swings curve, the length L of fibre delay line0By formula L0=tc/neff
It determines, it in length is L that wherein t, which is pulse laser,0Optical fiber in propagation time, c is the light velocity, and neff is effective refraction of optical fiber
Rate, the length of the first fibre delay line 10-1 are as follows: L1=5 τ 1c/neff, the length of the second fibre delay line 10-2 are as follows: L2
=5 (τ 1+ τ 2) c/neff, the length of third fibre delay line 10-3 are as follows: L3=5 (τ 1+ τ 2+ τ 3) c/neff,
In, declining for pulse laser is swung in τ 1, τ 2 and τ 3 respectively the first fiber optic loop 7-1, the second fiber optic loop 7-2 and third fiber optic loop 7-3
Time, and so on the length of each fibre delay line can be obtained, so that the signal of output can separate in the time domain, multiple
It declines and swings signal and be sequentially output, do not overlap each other.
In addition, the length of each fiber optic loop is different, i.e., the chamber of each ring cavity is long different, so as to subsequent data processing.?
In use, can according to need the quantity for increasing and decreasing fiber optic loop and sensing unit, fiber amplifier can also be added, to expand
Large sensor multiplexing amount meets actual needs.
When handling transducing signal, general using time division multiplexing demodulation techniques, time division multiplexing demodulation techniques belong to
Luminous intensity demodulation, it is lower by demodulation accuracy, it is not very practical.In order to solve this problem, it is combined on the basis of time division multiplexing
Frequency multiplexing technique keeps the length of each fiber optic loop different, that is, allows the chamber of each ring cavity long different, frequency is different, is mixed in this way
Multiple transducing signals together can be distinguished by Fast Fourier Transform (FFT).As shown in Fig. 2, by each
The centre frequency at peak can determine whether out to be measured.With the variation of each ring cavity parameter, the width at each peak also changes therewith.It takes every
For the 3db bandwidth at a peak as the standard for measuring each parameter variation, both each parameter changed corresponding ring-down time, it can real
It is measured while existing many reference amounts.
The present invention, which can satisfy, carries out the purpose that many reference amounts measure simultaneously using optical fiber cavity attenuation and vibration technique, while can will be each
The transducing signal in channel distinguishes, and reduces follow-up data treating capacity.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of multi-parameter sensing network based on fiber optic loop cavity attenuation and vibration technique, is set in gas chamber, it is characterised in that: believe along light
Number transmission direction be disposed with signal generator, laser modulator, laser source, isolator, fiber amplifier, coupler,
Fibre delay line, fiber optic loop, optical-fiber bundling device, photodetector and oscillograph, wherein signal generator, laser modulator and
By connection between laser source, connection is used between photodetector and oscillograph, all by single-mode optics between other devices
Fibre connection；The coupler, fibre delay line and fiber optic loop have multiple, and each fiber optic loop, which is respectively formed to decline, swings chamber, puts through optical fiber
The big amplified laser source of device sequentially enters declining for each fiber optic loop and swings intracavitary, input terminal and the output end difference of each fiber optic loop
It is provided with the first coupler and the second coupler, sensing unit is equipped in each fiber optic loop, optical signal is all from fiber optic loop
The first coupler low splitting ratio end enter, by sensing unit and the second coupler, through the second coupling in each fiber optic loop
The low splitting ratio end of clutch exports, and into optical-fiber bundling device, fibre delay line, each optical fiber are equipped between two neighboring fiber optic loop
The length of ring is different, and the length of each fibre delay line is also different；
Two-way is divided into via the first coupler in first fiber optic loop by the pulse laser that fiber amplifier amplifies, is entered all the way
First declining for fiber optic loop is swung in chamber, after sensing unit, the output of the second coupler through first fiber optic loop, and another way
Enter in the first coupler of second annular chamber by fibre delay line, as first fiber optic loop, via sensing unit
With the second coupler output of second fiber optic loop；And so on, optical signal is respectively connected to each sensing unit, two neighboring light
Incoming fiber optic delay line between fine ring, the equal incoming fiber optic bundling device of the output of each fiber optic loop, then be converted by photodetector
Electric signal is shown on oscillograph.
2. a kind of multi-parameter sensing network based on fiber optic loop cavity attenuation and vibration technique as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: every
A coupler is the fiber coupler of 2*2, coupling ratio 99%:1%, the pulse laser amplified by fiber amplifier
The 1% power output port through the first coupler in the first fiber optic loop enters declining for the first fiber optic loop and swings in chamber, and through first
1% end of the second coupler in fiber optic loop exports, second on the first coupler and the first fiber optic loop in the first fiber optic loop
99% power port of coupler is welded together；99% power port of the first coupler in the first fiber optic loop passes through first
Fibre delay line enters in the first coupler in the second fiber optic loop, as the first fiber optic loop, via in the second fiber optic loop
1% end of the second coupler exports, the second coupler on the first coupler and the second fiber optic loop in the second fiber optic loop
99% power port is welded together, and so on, access multiple fiber optic loops and multiple sensing units.
3. a kind of multi-parameter sensing network based on fiber optic loop cavity attenuation and vibration technique as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: edge
The transmission direction of optical signal swings intracavitary light and is followed successively by 100%, 99%, 98%, 97% into declining for each fiber optic loop, each
The intensity of pulse laser is equal.
4. a kind of multi-parameter sensing network based on fiber optic loop cavity attenuation and vibration technique as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: every
A fibre delay line is made of single mode optical fiber, and the length of each fibre delay line is different, i.e. delay time is different.
5. a kind of multi-parameter sensing network based on fiber optic loop cavity attenuation and vibration technique as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: institute
State the length L of fibre delay line0By formula L0=tc/neff determines that it in length is L that wherein t, which is pulse laser,0Optical fiber in
Propagation time, c are the light velocity, and neff is the effective refractive index of optical fiber, the length of first fibre delay line are as follows: L1=5 τ 1
C/neff, the length of second fibre delay line are as follows: L2=5 (τ 1+ τ 2) c/neff, the length of third fibre delay line
Are as follows: L3=5 (τ 1+ τ 2+ τ 3) c/neff, τ 1, τ 2 and τ 3 are respectively first fiber optic loop, second fiber optic loop and third
The ring-down time of pulse laser in fiber optic loop, and so on the length of each fibre delay line can be obtained.
6. a kind of multi-parameter sensing network based on fiber optic loop cavity attenuation and vibration technique as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
State the laser source that laser source uses wavelength as 1550nm.
7. a kind of multi-parameter sensing network based on fiber optic loop cavity attenuation and vibration technique as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
Fiber amplifier is stated using erbium-doped fiber amplifier, erbium-doped fiber amplifier by one section of 2m Er-doped fiber and 980nm pump light
Source is made up of 980/1550 wavelength division multiplexer.
8. a kind of multi-parameter sensing network based on fiber optic loop cavity attenuation and vibration technique as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
The sensing element stated uses shearing interferometry structure, optical fiber align gas chamber or Fabry-Perot fiber optic chamber.
9. a kind of multi-parameter sensing network based on fiber optic loop cavity attenuation and vibration technique as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that: each
The length of a fiber optic loop is different, i.e., the chamber of each ring cavity is long different.
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| CN110873589A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-03-10 | 河南师范大学 | Fiber ring cavity ring-down temperature and humidity measurement method based on TDM technology |
| CN111028460A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-04-17 | 河南师范大学 | Cavity ring-down double-channel smoke temperature fire detection device adopting time-delay frequency division technology |
| CN113938201A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2022-01-14 | 华中科技大学 | Optical fiber network |
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| CN117091722A (en) * | 2023-08-25 | 2023-11-21 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Optical monitoring method and optical monitoring device for thermal runaway of energy storage battery |
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| CN117091722A (en) * | 2023-08-25 | 2023-11-21 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Optical monitoring method and optical monitoring device for thermal runaway of energy storage battery |
| CN117091722B (en) * | 2023-08-25 | 2024-04-26 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Optical monitoring method and optical monitoring device for thermal runaway of energy storage battery |
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