CN109148654A - III group-III nitride epitaxial structure of non-polar plane and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

III group-III nitride epitaxial structure of non-polar plane and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN109148654A
CN109148654A CN201811003470.8A CN201811003470A CN109148654A CN 109148654 A CN109148654 A CN 109148654A CN 201811003470 A CN201811003470 A CN 201811003470A CN 109148654 A CN109148654 A CN 109148654A
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polar plane
iii nitride
iii
layer
iii group
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CN109148654B (en
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邢琨
陈刚毅
王江涛
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WUHU DEHAO RUNDA OPTOELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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WUHU DEHAO RUNDA OPTOELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L33/00Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/02Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
    • H01L33/26Materials of the light emitting region
    • H01L33/30Materials of the light emitting region containing only elements of Group III and Group V of the Periodic Table
    • H01L33/32Materials of the light emitting region containing only elements of Group III and Group V of the Periodic Table containing nitrogen
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L33/00Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/005Processes
    • H01L33/0062Processes for devices with an active region comprising only III-V compounds
    • H01L33/0075Processes for devices with an active region comprising only III-V compounds comprising nitride compounds
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L33/00Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/02Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies

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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of III group-III nitride epitaxial structures of non-polar plane, multiple secondary epitaxy column structures including substrate and epitaxial growth being spaced apart from each other on the non-polar plane of the substrate, the secondary epitaxy column structure includes the nucleating layer being sequentially overlapped along the non-polar plane direction perpendicular to the substrate, first non-polar plane, III group iii nitride layer, III group iii nitride layer of mask layer and the second non-polar plane, the epitaxial growth surface of first non-polar plane, III group iii nitride layer and III group iii nitride layer of the second non-polar plane is the non-polar plane of III group-III nitride.The invention also discloses a kind of preparation methods of III group-III nitride epitaxial structure of non-polar plane.

Description

III group-III nitride epitaxial structure of non-polar plane and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of semiconductors, more particularly to a kind of III group-III nitride epitaxial structure of non-polar plane and its Preparation method.
Background technique
Efficient light emitting diode is being prepared with III hi-nitride semiconductor material that gallium nitride (GaN) is representative (LED) aspect has great practical value.Currently, the universal extension of gallium nitride (GaN) is in (001) surface sapphire substrate, however, Biggish lattice mismatch makes gallium nitride (GaN) material by more serious inside between Sapphire Substrate and gallium nitride (GaN) Stress generates biggish piezoelectric field.Further, since the special crystal structure (wurtzite structure) of gallium nitride (GaN), itself by To certain spontaneous polarization effect.The collective effect of the two can cause more powerful built in field, substantially reduce electronics and sky The combined efficiency in cave reduces the luminous efficiency of LED.
A kind of effective solution to the problems described above is extension nonpolar or semipolar gallium nitride (GaN).It is wherein most common Be in the sapphire of hexagonal system structureIt is non-polar plane that epitaxial surface is grown on the face rThe nitrogen in face Change gallium.However, causing gallium nitride due to having very big lattice mismatch between non-polar plane gallium nitride (GaN) and sapphire (GaN) crystal quality is very undesirable, seriously affects the luminous efficiency of LED.Therefore, it improves non-polar plane gallium nitride (GaN) Crystal quality is the key that improve LED luminous efficiency.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, it is necessary to for quality problems caused by nonpolar III group-III nitride epitaxial structure lattice mismatch, provide A kind of III group-III nitride epitaxial structure of non-polar plane and preparation method thereof.
A kind of III group-III nitride epitaxial structure of non-polar plane, including substrate and epitaxial growth the substrate nonpolarity The multiple secondary epitaxy column structures being spaced apart from each other on face, the secondary epitaxy column structure include along perpendicular to the substrate The non-polar plane direction nucleating layer, III group iii nitride layer of the first non-polar plane, the mask layer and second non-that are sequentially overlapped III group iii nitride layer of polar surface, III group iii nitride layer of the first non-polar plane and III group iii nitride layer of the second non-polar plane Epitaxial growth surface be III group-III nitride non-polar plane.
The material of the substrate includes sapphire, silicon, silicon carbide, zinc oxide and III race in one of the embodiments, At least one of nitride.
The material of the nucleating layer includes Al in one of the embodiments,aInbGa1-a-bN, wherein 0≤a≤1,0≤b ≤ 1 and 0≤1-a-b≤1.
In one of the embodiments, the nucleating layer with a thickness of 30nm~300nm.
The trans D of the secondary epitaxy column structure is 100nm~900nm in one of the embodiments,.
The coverage rate of the multiple column construction over the substrate is 30%~80% in one of the embodiments,.
The material of III group iii nitride layer of the first non-polar plane includes Al in one of the embodiments,xInyGa1-x- yN, wherein 0≤x≤1,0≤y≤1 and 0≤1-x-y≤1, the material of III group iii nitride layer of the first non-polar plane is six sides Crystal structure, the non-polar plane of III group iii nitride layer of the first non-polar plane are the hexagonal crystal systemFace.
In one of the embodiments, III group iii nitride layer of the first non-polar plane with a thickness of 1 μm -6 μm.
The material of the mask layer includes one of silicon, silica and silicon nitride in one of the embodiments,.
In one of the embodiments, the mask layer with a thickness of 50nm~350nm.
The material of III group iii nitride layer of the second non-polar plane includes Al in one of the embodiments,x’Iny’ Ga1-x’-y’N, wherein 0≤x '≤1,0≤y '≤1 and 0≤1-x '-y '≤1, III group iii nitride layer of the second non-polar plane Material is hexagonal system structure, and the non-polar plane of III group iii nitride layer of the second non-polar plane is the hexagonal crystal systemFace.
A kind of preparation method of III group-III nitride epitaxial structure of non-polar plane, comprising the following steps:
The epitaxial growth of nucleation layers on the non-polar plane of substrate;
III group iii nitride layer of the first non-polar plane of epitaxial growth on the nucleating layer;
The mask layer of cover graphics on III group iii nitride layer of the first non-polar plane;
It is etched down to the substrate by the patterned mask layer, forms the multiple extension columns being spaced apart from each other Shape structure;And
In III group iii nitride layer of the second non-polar plane of surface epitaxial growth of the patterned mask layer, obtain each other Every multiple secondary epitaxy column structures.
In one of the embodiments, by molecular beam epitaxy or Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition grow it is described at Stratum nucleare.
III race of the first non-polar plane is grown by Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition in one of the embodiments, Nitride layer.
The step of mask layer of the cover graphics includes: in one of the embodiments,
The deposition mask layer on III group iii nitride layer of the first non-polar plane;
Photoresist layer is coated on the mask layer;
Photoetching development is carried out to the photoresist layer and forms patterned photoresist layer;And
The mask layer is performed etching by the patterned photoresist layer, obtains the patterned mask layer.
The downward lithographic method is sense coupling method in one of the embodiments,.
It is nitrogenized in one of the embodiments, by two non-polar plane of Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition growth regulation, III race Nitride layer.
The present invention forms the column structure at multiple intervals on the non-polar plane of substrate, the nucleating layer of the column structure, First non-polar plane, III group iii nitride layer and mask layer are sequentially overlapped to form an extension column structure, two on the mask layer Secondary extension is superimposed two non-polar plane of growth regulation, III group iii nitride layer, forms secondary epitaxy column structure.Due to column structure at The extension column structure that stratum nucleare, III group iii nitride layer of the first non-polar plane and mask layer are formed has high area volume Than it is non-to can reduce first for secondary epitaxy growth III group iii nitride layer of the second non-polar plane on an extension column structure III group iii nitride layer of polar surface is penetrated into the dislocation density at the top of an extension column structure, prevents III race's nitrogen of the first non-polar plane The lattice defect of compound layer extends to III group iii nitride layer of the second non-polar plane.The multiple secondary epitaxy column structure is described It is spaced apart from each other on substrate, makes the side exposure of the secondary epitaxy column structure, further increase the area of the column structure Volume ratio.The mask layer is by III group iii nitride layer of the first non-polar plane and III group iii nitride layer of the second non-polar plane Isolation, avoids the lattice mismatch of III group iii nitride layer of the first non-polar plane and substrate from extending to second non-polar plane III Group iii nitride layer reduces the lattice mismatch rate of III group iii nitride layer of the second non-polar plane, improves III race of non-polar plane The crystal quality of nitride epitaxial structure.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the III group-III nitride epitaxial structure of non-polar plane of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the III group-III nitride epitaxial structure of the first non-polar plane before one embodiment of the invention does not etch Figure;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the III group-III nitride epitaxial structure of the first non-polar plane when one embodiment of the invention does not etch Figure;
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the mask plate of one embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, by the following examples, it and combines attached Figure, is further elaborated III group-III nitride epitaxial structure of non-polar plane and preparation method thereof of the invention.It should manage Solution, described herein specific examples are only used to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
It should be noted that it can directly on the other element when element is referred to as " being fixed on " another element Or there may also be elements placed in the middle.When an element is considered as " connection " another element, it, which can be, is directly connected to To another element or it may be simultaneously present centering elements.On the contrary, when element is referred to as " directly existing " another element "upper", There is no intermediary elements.Term as used herein "vertical", "horizontal", "left" and "right" and similar statement are For illustrative purposes.Various difference objects are in the ratio drafting convenient for enumerating explanation in embodiment attached drawing, rather than press practical group The ratio of part is drawn.
Referring to Fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention provide a kind of III group-III nitride epitaxial structure of non-polar plane, including substrate 1 with And the multiple secondary epitaxy column structures that are spaced apart from each other of the epitaxial growth on the non-polar plane of the substrate 1, it is described secondary outer Prolonging column structure includes the nucleating layer 2 being sequentially overlapped along the non-polar plane of the substrate, the nitridation of III race of the first non-polar plane III group iii nitride layer 7 of nitride layer 3, mask layer 4 and the second non-polar plane, III group iii nitride layer 3 of the first non-polar plane and institute The epitaxial growth surface for stating III group iii nitride layer 7 of the second non-polar plane is the non-polar plane of III group-III nitride.
The embodiment of the present invention forms the secondary epitaxy column structure at multiple intervals on the non-polar plane of substrate 1, it is described at Stratum nucleare 2, III group iii nitride layer 3 of the first non-polar plane and mask layer 4 are sequentially overlapped to form an extension column structure, cover described Secondary epitaxy superposition two non-polar plane of growth regulation, III group iii nitride layer 7 forms secondary epitaxy column structure in film layer 4, due to primary Nucleating layer 2, III group iii nitride layer 3 of the first non-polar plane and the mask layer 4 of extension column structure have high area-volume ratio, Secondary epitaxy, which grows III group iii nitride layer 7 of the second non-polar plane, on extension column structure can reduce the first nonpolarity III group iii nitride layer 3 of face is penetrated into the dislocation density at the top of an extension column structure, prevents III race of the first non-polar plane from nitrogenizing The lattice defect of nitride layer 3 extends to III group iii nitride layer 7 of the second non-polar plane.The multiple secondary epitaxy column structure is described It is spaced apart from each other on substrate 1, makes the side exposure of the secondary epitaxy column structure, further increase the secondary epitaxy column knot The area-volume ratio of structure.The mask layer 4 is by III group iii nitride layer 3 of the first non-polar plane and second non-polar plane III Group iii nitride layer 7 is isolated, and avoids the lattice mismatch of III group iii nitride layer 3 of the first non-polar plane and substrate 1 from extending to described Second non-polar plane, III group iii nitride layer 7 reduces the lattice mismatch rate of III group iii nitride layer 7 of the second non-polar plane, improves The crystal quality of the III group-III nitride epitaxial structure of non-polar plane.
The epitaxial growth surface of the gallium nitride of hexagonal crystal system is usually (0001) face, due to (0001) of hexagonal crystal system There is spontaneous polarization electric field on face, the presence of polarized electric field will lead to electrons and holes in the direction of growth (namely electric current pass Defeated direction) be spatially separating, to reduce luminous efficiency.The epitaxial growth surface of III group iii nitride layer of the invention is nonpolarity Face is grown along the non-polar plane so that polarized electric field direction and building chip to vertical, and electrons and holes are in the direction of growth It is spatially separating minimum, so as to improve the radiation recombination efficiency of carrier, improves semiconductor light emitting efficiency.
In one embodiment, the material of the substrate 1 can be sapphire, silicon, silicon carbide, zinc oxide and the nitridation of III race Object, the surface of the substrate 1 are non-polar plane.For example, the sapphire non-polar plane isThe face r.
In one embodiment, the material of the nucleating layer 2 can be expressed as AlaInbGa1-a-bN, wherein 0≤a≤1,0≤b ≤ 1 and 0≤1-a-b≤1.The nucleating layer 2 makes III group iii nitride layer 3 of the first non-polar plane for providing nucleation site It can grow.In one embodiment, the material of the nucleating layer 2 can be AlN wafer, InN wafer, GaN wafer and described The ternary or quaternary doped and compounded object that Al, In or Ga and N are formed.In one embodiment, the nucleating layer 2 with a thickness of 30nm~ 300nm.In the thickness range, the nucleating layer 2 has higher nucleating effect and better extension capability.
In one embodiment, the side of the multiple secondary epitaxy column structure can be round, rectangular, triangle etc.. It is preferably circular, so that the secondary epitaxy column structure formed on the nucleating layer 2 is cylinder.Preferably, the multiple Arrangement of the secondary epitaxy column structure on the substrate 1 is in certain regularity, advantageously ensures that the secondary epitaxy to be formed The consistency of column structure.
In one embodiment, the multiple secondary epitaxy column structure is in the coverage rate of the non-polar plane of the substrate 1 30%~80%.In the range, the utilization rate of the substrate 1 is higher, formed the multiple secondary epitaxy column structure it Between will not influence each other, be conducive to the quality for improving the III group-III nitride epitaxial structure of non-polar plane.The secondary epitaxy column The lateral dimension of shape structure is micron order or nanoscale, preferably 100nm~900nm.
In one embodiment, the material of III group iii nitride layer 3 of the first non-polar plane includes AlxInyGa1-x-yN, wherein 0≤x≤1,0≤y≤1 and 0≤1-x-y≤1.In one embodiment, the material of III group iii nitride layer 3 of the first non-polar plane Can for AlN wafer, InN wafer, GaN wafer and described Al, In or Ga and N formation grow along non-polar plane ternary or Quaternary doped and compounded object.The material of first non-polar plane, III group iii nitride layer 3 is hexagonal system structure, the first non-pole Property face III group iii nitride layer 3 non-polar plane can be the hexagonal crystal systemFace.First non-polar plane III The growth interface of group iii nitride layer 3 is non-polar plane, and band curvature and the wavelength caused by inclination for being able to suppress hetero-junctions are inclined It moves, the semiconductor device for forming the III group-III nitride epitaxial structure of polar surface obtains stable wavelength, described in raising The luminous efficiency of semiconductor devices.In one embodiment, III group iii nitride layer 3 of the first non-polar plane with a thickness of 1 μm of -6 μ m.In the thickness range, keep the combined efficiency of electrons and holes higher, improves the performance of the semiconductor devices.
In one embodiment, the material of the mask layer 4 includes one of silicon, silica and silicon nitride.It is described to cover Film layer 4 can prevent dislocation from extending along the direction of the epitaxial surface of vertical first non-polar plane, III group iii nitride layer 3, improve The crystal quality of second non-polar plane, III group iii nitride layer 7.
In one embodiment, the mask layer 4 with a thickness of 50nm~350nm.The mask layer 4 and the first non-pole The thickness of III group iii nitride layer 3 of property face matches, and guarantees that the lattice mismatch is as small as possible and extends to the non-polar plane III On group iii nitride layer.
In one embodiment, the material of III group iii nitride layer 7 of the second non-polar plane includes Alx’Iny’Ga1-x’-y’N, In 0≤x '≤1,0≤y '≤1 and 0≤1-x '-y '≤1.In one embodiment, III group iii nitride layer 3 of the first non-polar plane Material can be AlN wafer, InN wafer, GaN wafer and described Al, In or Ga and N formation grow along non-polar plane Ternary or quaternary doped and compounded object.The material of second non-polar plane, III group iii nitride layer 7 is hexagonal system structure, described the The non-polar plane of two non-polar planes, III group iii nitride layer 7 can be the hexagonal crystal systemFace.The second non-pole The material of III group iii nitride layer 7 of property face and the material of III group iii nitride layer 3 of the first non-polar plane can be identical or different.It is excellent Choosing, the material of the material of III group iii nitride layer 7 of the second non-polar plane and III group iii nitride layer 3 of the first non-polar plane It is identical, the lattice mismatch rate of III group iii nitride layer 7 of the second non-polar plane is advantageously reduced, second non-polar plane is improved The crystal quality of III group iii nitride layer 7.The growth thickness of two non-polar planes, III group iii nitride layer can according to need progress Adjustment.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of III group-III nitride epitaxial structure of non-polar plane, including following step It is rapid:
S10, the epitaxial growth of nucleation layers 2 on the non-polar plane of substrate 1;
S20, III group iii nitride layer 3 of the first non-polar plane of epitaxial growth on the nucleating layer 2;
S30, the mask layer 4 of cover graphics on III group iii nitride layer 3 of the first non-polar plane;
S40 is etched down to the substrate 1 by the patterned mask layer 4, formed be spaced apart from each other it is multiple primary Extension column structure;And
S50 is obtained in III group iii nitride layer 7 of the second non-polar plane of surface epitaxial growth of the patterned mask layer 4 The multiple secondary epitaxy column structures being spaced apart from each other.7.
Preparation method of the present invention by being performed etching to III group iii nitride layer 3 of the first non-polar plane and nucleating layer 2, The extension column knot that nucleating layer 2, III group iii nitride layer 3 of the first non-polar plane and mask layer 4 are superimposed is formed on the substrate 1 Structure, the etching depth extend to the substrate 1, make the side exposure of an extension column structure, make described primary outer Prolong column structure with high area volume ratio, the lattice mismatch for reducing by III group iii nitride layer of the first non-polar plane is penetrated into one Dislocation density at the top of secondary extension column structure.The continued growth on the mask layer 4 at the top of an extension column structure Second non-polar plane, III group iii nitride layer 7, the mask layer 4 can prevent III group iii nitride layer of the first non-polar plane The dislocation of 3 penetration types extends in the vertical direction III group iii nitride layer 7 of the second non-polar plane, and the preparation method is conducive to The lattice mismatch rate for reducing by III group-III nitride epitaxial structure of non-polar plane, improves the III group-III nitride epitaxial structure of non-polar plane Crystal quality.
It may include the pre-treatment step to the substrate 1 before step S10, the pretreatment is for making the substrate 1 High quality status is kept, provides good basis for the growth of epitaxial structure.In one embodiment, the pretreatment of the substrate 1 Step may include polishing, cleaning and annealing.The polishing treatment may include with cutting tools such as diamonds described It cuts to form non-polar plane in 1 surface of substrate.The cleaning treatment may include deionized water cleaning and organic solvent cleaning.It is described Deionized water cleaning can be ultrasonic cleaning -8 minutes 2 minutes at room temperature, and the pickup particle on low surface is taken advantage of described in removal.It is described It may include organic solvent cleaning after deionized water cleaning, the organic solvent cleaning may include with organic solvent, such as salt Acid, the third intoxicated, ethanol washing, remove the organic matter on 1 surface of substrate.The annealing may include in 800 DEG C of temperature- At 1200 DEG C, the substrate 1 is purged with the high pure nitrogen of given pace or high-purity hydrogen, so that the substrate 1 obtains atom level Even curface.The purge rates can be 3L/min-8L/min, and the annealing time can be -3 hours 1 hour.
In step slo, the method for nucleating layer 2 described in the epitaxial growth can be molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) or gold Belong to organic chemical vapor deposition method (MOCVD).The MBE method is in the case where the order of magnitude is ultrahigh vacuum by slow falling long-pending evaporation coating A kind of method.The step of MBE method growth nucleating layer 2 may include that heating is placed in molecular beam epitaxy reaction cavity In the substrate 1 and the line of 2 material of nucleating layer or contained element is formed simultaneously in molecular beam epitaxy reaction cavity, To which the non-polar plane in the substrate 1 forms the nucleating layer 2.In one embodiment, the nucleating layer 2 is aluminium nitride When, the line can be the line of nitrogen and aluminium.The Metallo-Organic Chemical Vapor deposition may include by III race's element Hydride etc. is used as crystal growth source material, forms the nucleation in the enterprising promoting the circulation of qi phase epitaxy of substrate 1 in a manner of pyrolysis Layer 2.In one embodiment, the step of nucleating layer 2 is gallium nitride layer, and the mocvd method grows nucleating layer 2 can wrap It includes under the atmosphere of ammonia, is passed through the alkyl compound of the galliums such as trimethyl gallium or triethyl-gallium, form the gallium nitride nucleating layer 2.The growth temperature of the nucleating layer 2 can be 1000 DEG C -1200 DEG C.
In step S20, growing III group iii nitride layer 3 of the first non-polar plane may include Metallo-Organic Chemical Vapor Sedimentation (MOCVD).In one embodiment, the material of III group iii nitride layer 3 of the first non-polar plane includes AlxInyGa1-x- yN, the growing method may include being passed through the alkylation of the alkyl compound, aluminium of gallium by a certain percentage under the atmosphere of ammonia The alkyl compound for closing object and indium, along the non-polar planeFace direction grows the AlxInyGa1-x-yN layers.Described The growth temperature of one non-polar plane, III group iii nitride layer 3 can be 1000 DEG C -1200 DEG C.
Please refer to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, in step s 30, formed patterned mask layer 4 the step of may include: S32, The deposition mask layer 4 on III group iii nitride layer 3 of the first non-polar plane;S34 coats photoresist layer on the mask layer 4 5;S36 carries out photoetching development to the photoresist layer 5 and forms patterned photoresist layer 5;And S38, by described graphical Photoresist layer 5 mask layer 4 is performed etching, obtain the patterned mask layer 4.
In one embodiment, the method for the step S32 deposition mask layer 4 may include the gas of plasma enhanced chemical Phase sedimentation (PECVD).The step of PECVD deposition mask layer 4 may include making to contain by microwave or radio frequency etc. There is the gas ionization of 4 composed atom of mask layer, is being partially formed plasma, the plasma, which reacts, deposits shape At the mask layer 4.In one embodiment, the step of 4 silica of mask layer, cvd silicon oxide mask layer 4, can be with Gaseous plasma including forming oxygen atom and silicon atom with microwave or radio frequency etc., oxygen plasma and silicon plasma are in institute It states deposition on III group iii nitride layer 3 of the first non-polar plane and forms the silicon oxide masking film layer 4.The depositing temperature of the mask layer 4 It can be 200 DEG C -350 DEG C.
In one embodiment, the step of step S34 coating photoresist layer 5 can be to be incited somebody to action with sol evenning machine with certain revolving speed Photoresist is coated in the surface of the mask layer 4.The revolving speed can be 3000rpm-5000rpm.
In one embodiment, the photoetching development of the step S36 can make to be arranged mask plate 6 on photoresist layer 5 There is light shield layer mask plate 6 with parallel ultraviolet irradiation, is changed by 5 property of the photoresist of the ultraviolet light, Ke Yirong In developer solution, the region blocked by the light shield layer is described not by 5 property of the photoresist layer of ultraviolet light not by ultraviolet light Matter does not change, therefore does not dissolve in developer solution, to be transferred to the photoresist with making the pattern 1:1 on the mask plate 6 On layer 5.In one embodiment, the wavelength of the ultraviolet light can be 150nm-400nm.
Referring to Fig. 4, the mask plate 6 may include substrate 601 and light non-transmittable layers 602, the light non-transmittable layers 602 are can To be plated in 601 surface of substrate by the method sputtered, the thickness of the light non-transmittable layers 602 can be 0.05 μm -0.15 μm. The light non-transmittable layers 602 could be formed with several light tight regions being spaced apart from each other, the opaque area on the substrate 601 Overseas region can be such that light penetrates.The light tight region can be round, rectangular, triangle and irregular figure etc..It is excellent Choosing, the rounded array distribution of light tight region is on the substrate 601.
In step S38, the lithographic method of the mask layer 4 may include dry etching.The etching of the dry etching Gas may include CHF3And SF6。CHF3And SF6Occur with the etching surface for the mask layer 4 for not being photo-etched the covering of glue-line 5 Reaction, the mask layer 4 for being exposed to the patterned photoresist layer 5 is removed, and is formed and the graphical photoresist layer 5 The identical patterned mask layer 4 of pattern.
In the step S40, the etching of III group iii nitride layer 3 of the first non-polar plane and the nucleating layer 2 can be with For inductively coupled plasma dry etching (ICP).The inductively coupled plasma dry etching is to be passed through etching gas to make It is decomposed with inductance coupled plasma glow discharge, generation has the active plasma of extensive chemical, in adding for electric field Speed effect is moved to sample surfaces, to the etching surface of the first non-polar plane III group iii nitride layer 3 and the nucleating layer 2 Not only it carries out chemical reaction and generates escaping gas, but also have certain physical etchings effect.In one embodiment, the described first non-pole The etching gas Cl of property face III group iii nitride layer 3 and the nucleating layer 22And Ar, the etching power are 50w-150w, the quarter Losing the time is -20 minutes 5 minutes.
It is etched to the substrate 1 along the mask layer 4, is etched away completely described between the secondary epitaxy column structure Nucleating layer 2, can guarantee to be etched in the gap to be formed does not have to grow the basis of III group iii nitride layer of non-polar plane, Guarantee that III group iii nitride layer 7 of the second non-polar plane is only grown on the mask layer 4 of an extension column structure, favorably In the quality for improving III group iii nitride layer of the non-polar plane that secondary epitaxy is formed.
In step s 50, in the second nonpolarity of surface epitaxial growth not performing etching, being covered with the mask layer 4 III group iii nitride layer 7 of face.Second non-polar plane, III group iii nitride layer 7 and III group iii nitride layer 3 of the first non-polar plane Growing method and growth conditions can be identical, which is not described herein again.
Embodiment 1
Existed using MOCVDGrowing aluminum nitride (AlN) nucleating layer 2 in r surface sapphire substrate 1, the AlN nucleation Layer 2 with a thickness of 150nm;
Utilize MOCVD epitaxial growth on the AlN nucleating layer 2First non-polar plane of non-polar plane nitrogenizes Aluminium layer (III group iii nitride layer 3 of the first non-polar plane), the first non-polar plane aln layer with a thickness of 3.5mm;
The SiO of 300nm is grown in the first non-polar plane aln layer using PECVD2Mask layer 4, the SiO2Exposure mask Layer 4 with a thickness of 80nm;
Photoresist is coated uniformly on the SiO under the revolving speed of 4000rpm using sol evenning machine2Light is formed on mask layer 4 Photoresist layer 5;
Mask plate is arranged and is irradiated on photoresist layer 5, and with ultraviolet light, will be gone by the photoresist of ultraviolet light It removes, the ultraviolet range is 280nm-190nm;
To the SiO exposed2Mask layer carries out dry etching, etching gas CHF3And SF6, until being etched to described the One non-polar plane aln layer;
The first non-polar plane aln layer and the AlN nucleating layer 2 are performed etching using ICP, the etching gas Body is Cl2And Ar, etching power are 100w, etch period is 10 minutes, obtains micro-nano column array;
Using MOCVD the micro-nano column array top SiO2Extension is carried out on mask layer 4Non-polar plane Gallium nitride layer (III group iii nitride layer 7 of the second non-polar plane).
Embodiment 2
Existed using MBEGrowing gallium nitride nucleating layer 2 in r surface sapphire substrate 1, the gallium nitride nucleating layer 2 With a thickness of 40nm;
Utilize MOCVD epitaxial growth on the gallium nitride nucleating layer 2First non-polar plane of non-polar plane Gallium nitride layer (III group iii nitride layer 3 of the first non-polar plane), the non-polar plane gallium nitride layer with a thickness of 4mm;
The SiO of 300nm is grown in the first non-polar plane gallium nitride layer using PECVD2Mask layer 4, the SiO2Exposure mask Layer 4 with a thickness of 90nm;
Photoresist is coated uniformly on the SiO under the revolving speed of 4000rpm using sol evenning machine2Light is formed on mask layer 4 Photoresist layer 5;
Mask plate is arranged and is irradiated on photoresist layer 5, and with ultraviolet light, will be gone by the photoresist of ultraviolet light It removes, the ultraviolet range is 400nm-315nm;
To the SiO exposed2Mask layer carries out dry etching, etching gas CHF3And SF6, until being etched to described the One non-polar plane gallium nitride layer;
The first non-polar plane gallium nitride layer and the gallium nitride nucleating layer 2 are performed etching using electric ICP, the quarter Erosion gas is Cl2And Ar, etching power are 100w, etch period is 10 minutes, obtains micro-nano column array;
Using MOCVD the micro-nano column array top SiO2Extension is carried out on mask layer 4Non-polar plane Aln layer (III group iii nitride layer 7 of the second non-polar plane).
Embodiment 3
Existed using MOCVDGrowing aluminum nitride (AlN) nucleating layer 2 in r surface sapphire substrate 1, the AlN nucleation Layer 2 with a thickness of 300nm;
Utilize MOCVD epitaxial growth on the AlN nucleating layer 2First non-polar plane of non-polar plane nitrogenizes Gallium layer (III group iii nitride layer 3 of the first non-polar plane), the first non-polar plane gallium nitride layer with a thickness of 4.5mm;
The SiO of 300nm is grown in the first non-polar plane gallium nitride layer using PECVD2Mask layer 4, the SiO2Exposure mask Layer 4 with a thickness of 100nm;
Photoresist is coated uniformly on the SiO under the revolving speed of 4000rpm using sol evenning machine2Light is formed on mask layer 4 Photoresist layer 5;
Mask plate is arranged and is irradiated on photoresist layer 5, and with ultraviolet light, will be gone by the photoresist of ultraviolet light It removes, the ultraviolet range is 315nm-280nm;
To the SiO exposed2Mask layer carries out dry etching, etching gas CHF3And SF6, until being etched to described the One non-polar plane gallium nitride layer;
The first non-polar plane gallium nitride layer and the AlN nucleating layer are performed etching using ICP, the etching gas For Cl2And Ar, etching power are 100w, etch period is 10 minutes, obtains micro-nano column array;
Using MOCVD the micro-nano column array top SiO2Extension is carried out on mask layer 4Non-polar plane Gallium nitride (III group iii nitride layer 7 of the second non-polar plane).
Each technical characteristic of embodiment described above can be combined arbitrarily, for simplicity of description, not to above-mentioned reality It applies all possible combination of each technical characteristic in example to be all described, as long as however, the combination of these technical characteristics is not deposited In contradiction, all should be considered as described in this specification.
The embodiments described above only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously Limitations on the scope of the patent of the present invention therefore cannot be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art For, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to guarantor of the invention Protect range.Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent of the invention shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (17)

1. a kind of III group-III nitride epitaxial structure of non-polar plane, which is characterized in that including substrate and epitaxial growth in the lining The multiple secondary epitaxy column structures being spaced apart from each other on the non-polar plane at bottom, the secondary epitaxy column structure includes along vertical In nucleating layer, III group iii nitride layer of the first non-polar plane, mask layer that the non-polar plane direction of the substrate is sequentially overlapped And III group iii nitride layer of the second non-polar plane, III group iii nitride layer of the first non-polar plane and second non-polar plane III The epitaxial growth surface of group iii nitride layer is the non-polar plane of III group-III nitride.
2. nonpolar III group-III nitride epitaxial structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the material packet of the substrate Include at least one of sapphire, silicon, silicon carbide, zinc oxide and III group-III nitride.
3. nonpolar III group-III nitride epitaxial structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the material of the nucleating layer Including AlaInbGa1-a-bN, wherein 0≤a≤1,0≤b≤1 and 0≤1-a-b≤1.
4. nonpolar III group-III nitride epitaxial structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the thickness of the nucleating layer For 30nm~300nm.
5. nonpolar III group-III nitride epitaxial structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the secondary epitaxy column The trans D of structure is 100nm~900nm.
6. nonpolar III group-III nitride epitaxial structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the multiple column construction Coverage rate over the substrate is 30%~80%.
7. III group-III nitride epitaxial structure of non-polar plane according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first nonpolarity The material of III group iii nitride layer of face includes AlxInyGa1-x-yN, wherein 0≤x≤1,0≤y≤1 and 0≤1-x-y≤1, described The material of one non-polar plane, III group iii nitride layer is hexagonal system structure, the non-pole of III group iii nitride layer of the first non-polar plane Property face be the hexagonal crystal systemFace.
8. III group-III nitride epitaxial structure of non-polar plane according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first nonpolarity III group iii nitride layer of face with a thickness of 1 μm -6 μm.
9. III group-III nitride epitaxial structure of non-polar plane according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the material of the mask layer Material includes one of silicon, silica and silicon nitride.
10. III group-III nitride epitaxial structure of non-polar plane according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the mask layer With a thickness of 50nm~350nm.
11. III group-III nitride epitaxial structure of non-polar plane according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the second non-pole The material of III group iii nitride layer of property face includes Alx’Iny’Ga1-x’-y’N, wherein 0≤x '≤1,0≤y '≤1 and 0≤1-x '-y '≤ 1, the material of III group iii nitride layer of the second non-polar plane is hexagonal system structure, III group-III nitride of the second non-polar plane The non-polar plane of layer is the hexagonal crystal systemFace.
12. a kind of preparation method of III group-III nitride epitaxial structure of non-polar plane, comprising the following steps:
The epitaxial growth of nucleation layers on the non-polar plane of substrate;
III group iii nitride layer of the first non-polar plane of epitaxial growth on the nucleating layer;
The mask layer of cover graphics on III group iii nitride layer of the first non-polar plane;
It is etched down to the substrate by the patterned mask layer, forms the multiple extension column knots being spaced apart from each other Structure;And
In III group iii nitride layer of the second non-polar plane of surface epitaxial growth of the patterned mask layer, it is spaced apart from each other Multiple secondary epitaxy column structures.
13. the preparation method of III group-III nitride epitaxial structure of non-polar plane according to claim 12, which is characterized in that logical It crosses molecular beam epitaxy or Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition grows the nucleating layer.
14. the preparation method of III group-III nitride epitaxial structure of non-polar plane according to claim 12, which is characterized in that logical It crosses Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition and grows III group iii nitride layer of the first non-polar plane.
15. the preparation method of III group-III nitride epitaxial structure of non-polar plane according to claim 12, which is characterized in that institute The step of stating the mask layer of cover graphics include:
The deposition mask layer on III group iii nitride layer of the first non-polar plane;
Photoresist layer is coated on the mask layer;
Photoetching development is carried out to the photoresist layer and forms patterned photoresist layer;And
The mask layer is performed etching by the patterned photoresist layer, obtains the patterned mask layer.
16. the preparation method of III group-III nitride epitaxial structure of non-polar plane according to claim 12, which is characterized in that institute Stating downward lithographic method is sense coupling method.
17. the preparation method of III group-III nitride epitaxial structure of non-polar plane according to claim 12, which is characterized in that logical Cross two non-polar plane of Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition growth regulation, III group iii nitride layer.
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