CN109141916A - Electric car auxiliary power unit experimental rig and test method - Google Patents

Electric car auxiliary power unit experimental rig and test method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109141916A
CN109141916A CN201810909566.4A CN201810909566A CN109141916A CN 109141916 A CN109141916 A CN 109141916A CN 201810909566 A CN201810909566 A CN 201810909566A CN 109141916 A CN109141916 A CN 109141916A
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power
power unit
auxiliary power
soc
auxiliary
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CN201810909566.4A
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CN109141916B (en
Inventor
周凯
刘本目
耿新
刘金凤
金宁治
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Harbin University of Science and Technology
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Harbin University of Science and Technology
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M17/00Testing of vehicles
    • G01M17/007Wheeled or endless-tracked vehicles

Abstract

Electric car auxiliary power unit experimental rig and test method.Auxiliary power unit is the core of mileage prolonged type electric car, and the reasonability of test method is further important under line, examines auxiliary power unit output power, efficiency and long-time bringing onto load service ability very necessary.Present invention composition includes: auxiliary power unit, auxiliary power unit includes engine (1), engine is connect with starting/generator (2) respectively, engine controller (20) connection, starting/generator passes through ac power cable (3) and intelligent controller (4), alternating current-direct current ohmic load (17), alternating current-direct current power analyzer (18) connection, intelligent controller passes through DC power cable (5) and load selection control (6), the connection of alternating current-direct current power analyzer, load selection control passes through conducting wire and parallel network reverse power supply (7) respectively, power battery pack (16), the connection of alternating current-direct current ohmic load.The present invention is used for electric car auxiliary power unit experimental rig.

Description

Electric car auxiliary power unit experimental rig and test method
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of electric car auxiliary power unit experimental rig and test methods.
Background technique:
Electric powered motor battery group specific energy is small at present, and continuation mileages for one time charging is short, and the charging time is long, and charging station is not general And large-scale commercial is difficult to realize in the short time.To solve the problems, such as that electric car popularizes, automobile industry is proposed and is ground Send out a kind of new electric car operational mode --- mileage prolonged type electric car;Mileage prolonged type electric car is in pure electric vehicle It is loaded with a set of auxiliary power unit on automobile, can power, make electronic for driving motor for electric automobile in battery capacity deficiency Automobile realizes the ability that continues for being up to several hundred kilometers;The vehicle-mounted battery weight of mileage prolonged type electric car is only pure electric automobile 50% or so, the cost and weight of on-vehicle battery can be greatly reduced;
Mileage prolonged type electric vehicle is by electric-machine directly-driven, and non-mixed dynamic structure, power battery pack is in shallow charge and discharge always State, this greatly extends the service life of power battery pack;Power battery pool-size is larger, and automobile can be with pure electric vehicle Mode travels longer mileage, while vehicle has an external charge mode, charging when can use night low power consumption, therefore, The electric car of auxiliary power unit is received to install, both at home and abroad for from conventional fuel oil automobile to the practical of pure electric automobile transition Product;
Auxiliary power unit is the core of mileage prolonged type electric car, and the reasonability of test method also seems further heavy under line It wants, therefore designs test battery device to examine auxiliary power unit output power, efficiency and long-time bringing onto load operation energy Power is very necessary.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of electric car auxiliary power unit experimental rig and test methods.
Above-mentioned purpose is realized by following technical scheme:
A kind of electric car auxiliary power unit experimental rig, composition includes: auxiliary power unit, the auxiliary power list Member includes engine, and the engine is connect with starting/generator respectively, engine controller connects, the starting/hair Motor is connect with intelligent controller, alternating current-direct current ohmic load, alternating current-direct current power analyzer respectively by ac power cable, described Intelligent controller connect respectively with load selection control, the alternating current-direct current power analyzer by DC power cable, The load selection control passes through conducting wire respectively and parallel network reverse power supply, power battery pack, the alternating current-direct current resistance are negative Carry connection.
The electric car auxiliary power unit experimental rig, the parallel network reverse power supply connects power grid, described Power battery pack is connect by conducting wire with main drive motor controller, and the main drive motor controller passes through conducting wire and main drive Dynamic motor connection, the main drive motor are connect by shaft coupling A with torque sensor, and the torque sensor passes through connection Axis device B is connect with electromagnetic brake, and the electromagnetic brake is connect by conducting wire with excitation controller.
The electric car auxiliary power unit experimental rig, the excitation controller, the main drive motor Controller, the power battery pack, the alternating current-direct current ohmic load, the load selection control, the intelligence Controller, the engine controller, system controller are connected by CAN bus.
A kind of electric car auxiliary power unit experimental rig and test method, this method comprises the following steps: auxiliary first Helping power unit is the auxiliary generating unit of vehicle dynamical system, mainly by engine, starting/generator, intelligent controller It constitutes, the engine is the power source and chemical energy/mechanical energy converting unit of auxiliary power unit;Starting/generator Using starting/power generation integrated formula motor, when engine start, intelligent controller controls motor work in motoring condition, for opening Dynamic engine;After engine start, generator switchs to generating state, and intelligent controller has rectification and boost function, for load The three-phase alternating current that generator exports is converted to direct current, powered to main drive motor, while filling to power battery pack by power supply Electricity;System controller is realized by control algolithm to auxiliary power unit working condition according to the CAN bus signal detected Intelligent control;Main drive motor, main drive motor controller and electromagnetic brake are used to simulate electric in actual vehicle driving process The service condition of energy;
Experimental rig is compatible with various control strategy, and system controller is coordinated each control unit according to different control strategies and completed to auxiliary The test of power unit is helped, which can complete the test of following four control strategy:
(1) power limitation control strategy
The control strategy according to the state-of-charge SOC threshold value of power battery pack, determine the unlatching of auxiliary power unit with It closes, sets the upper limit value SOC of battery SOCmaxWith lower limit value SOCmin, when SOC value of battery is greater than SOCmaxWhen, auxiliary power list Member is closed;When SOC value of battery is lower than SOCminWhen, auxiliary power unit starting works in optimum efficiency point, exports firm power; If main drive motor is in running order, a portion power supplies main drive motor, makes vehicle continue to travel, another portion Divide the use of extra power depending on three kinds of loading conditions;When power battery pack SOC is located at SOCmaxAnd SOCminBetween when, it is auxiliary Power unit is helped to keep the working condition of previous moment;SOCmaxWith SOCminValue and the environmental factors such as ambient temperature, humidity Related, its optimal value can be arranged in system automatically;
(2) power model- following control strategy
The start and stop of auxiliary power unit are not only related with power battery SOC under the control strategy, while need to refer to main driving Power demand of motors and auxiliary power unit current working status;When main drive motor demand power is high or power battery SOC When being worth relatively low, auxiliary power unit can be opened;Only when power battery SOC is higher than preset upper limit value SOCmaxAnd vehicle demand power When less than preset value, auxiliary power unit is closed;Meanwhile state holding area is set, in the state holding area, auxiliary is dynamic Power unit previous moment is opened, then is kept it turning on;Previous moment is closed, then is remained turned-off, and once auxiliary power unit is defeated work Power is changed with bearing power out;
(3) invariable power+power model- following control strategy
The control strategy is to be used in combination with first two strategy, and auxiliary power unit and power battery is made to work Auxiliary power unit discharge and power battery life problems are taken into account in relative efficiency region, i.e., when main drive motor output power is super When crossing the 70% of rated power, using power model- following control strategy, power battery pack is avoided to be large current discharge;Work as main drive motor When output power is lower than the 70% of rated power, according to SOC state at that time, auxiliary power unit is closed, improves system effectiveness, Improve discharge;
(4) equivalent fuel consumption control strategy
The electric energy that power battery charge and discharge process consumes is converted to auxiliary power unit and consumes or deposit by the control strategy The energy of storage, total fuel consumption model, calculates this model minimum value with the practical fuel consumption composition system of auxiliary power unit, Choose operating point of the point as current auxiliary power unit corresponding to this minimum value.
The utility model has the advantages that
1. auxiliary power unit of the invention uses starting/power generation integrated formula motor, the dedicated starter motor of engine can be saved, Reduce the volume and weight of auxiliary power unit, save the cost improves functional reliability.
2. the present invention uses starting/power generation integrated formula motor, an engine starter is saved, intelligent controller control is passed through The electronic and power generation mode of motor processed, the compatible various control strategy of experimental rig, including power limitation control strategy, power follow control System strategy, invariable power+power model- following control strategy, equivalent fuel consumption control strategy.
3. structure tool of the invention is there are three types of load model, in power battery pack charge mode, the three-phase of generator output After the rectified boosting of alternating current for power battery pack charge, internal battery pack include battery management system, can real-time monitoring fill Electric process, it is convenient and practical.
4. in parallel network reverse mode of the invention, parallel network reverse power supply can be changed into high voltage direct current and public electric wire net Same frequency, same-phase, the alternating current with amplitude;In ohmic load mode, auxiliary is tested by continuously adjustable resistive load Power unit fan-out capability, main drive motor and electromagnetic brake are used to simulate the use feelings of electric energy in actual vehicle driving process Condition.
Detailed description of the invention:
Attached drawing 1 is structural schematic diagram of the invention.
Specific embodiment:
Embodiment 1:
A kind of electric car auxiliary power unit experimental rig, composition includes: auxiliary power unit, the auxiliary power list Member includes engine 1, and the engine is connect with starting/generator 2 respectively, engine controller 20 connects, and described opens Dynamic/generator by ac power cable 3 respectively with intelligent controller 4, alternating current-direct current ohmic load 17, alternating current-direct current power analyzer 18 connection, the intelligent controller by DC power cable 5 respectively with load selection control 6, the alternating current-direct current function The connection of rate analyzer, the load selection control pass through conducting wire and parallel network reverse power supply 7, power battery pack 16, institute respectively The alternating current-direct current ohmic load connection stated.
Embodiment 2:
According to electric car auxiliary power unit experimental rig described in embodiment 1, the parallel network reverse power supply connects power grid 8, the power battery pack is connect by conducting wire with main drive motor controller 9, and the main drive motor controller passes through Conducting wire is connect with main drive motor 10, and the main drive motor is connect by shaft coupling A11 with torque sensor 12, described Torque sensor is connect by shaft coupling B13 with electromagnetic brake 14, and the electromagnetic brake passes through conducting wire and excitation con-trol Device 15 connects.
Embodiment 3:
The electric car auxiliary power unit experimental rig according to embodiment 1 or 2, it is the excitation controller, described Main drive motor controller, the power battery pack, the alternating current-direct current ohmic load, the load selection control, The intelligent controller, the engine controller, system controller 19 pass through CAN bus and connect.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of test method using electric car auxiliary power unit experimental rig described in embodiment 1-3, this method is: first First auxiliary power unit is the auxiliary generating unit of vehicle dynamical system, is mainly controlled by engine, starting/generator, intelligence Device processed is constituted, and the engine is the power source and chemical energy/mechanical energy converting unit of auxiliary power unit;Starting/hair Motor uses starting/power generation integrated formula motor, and when engine start, intelligent controller controls motor work in motoring condition, uses To start engine;After engine start, generator switchs to generating state, and intelligent controller has rectification and boost function, is The three-phase alternating current that generator exports is converted to direct current, powered to main drive motor, while giving power battery by load supplying Group charging;System controller is realized by control algolithm to auxiliary power unit work shape according to the CAN bus signal detected The intelligent control of state;Main drive motor, main drive motor controller and electromagnetic brake are used to simulate actual vehicle driving process The service condition of middle electric energy;
Experimental rig is compatible with various control strategy, and system controller is coordinated each control unit according to different control strategies and completed to auxiliary The test of power unit is helped, which can complete the test of following four control strategy:
(1) power limitation control strategy
The control strategy according to the state-of-charge SOC threshold value of power battery pack, determine the unlatching of auxiliary power unit with It closes, sets the upper limit value SOC of battery SOCmaxWith lower limit value SOCmin, when SOC value of battery is greater than SOCmaxWhen, auxiliary power list Member is closed;When SOC value of battery is lower than SOCminWhen, auxiliary power unit starting works in optimum efficiency point, exports firm power; If main drive motor is in running order, a portion power supplies main drive motor, makes vehicle continue to travel, another portion Divide the use of extra power depending on three kinds of loading conditions;When power battery pack SOC is located at SOCmaxAnd SOCminBetween when, it is auxiliary Power unit is helped to keep the working condition of previous moment;SOCmaxWith SOCminValue and the environmental factors such as ambient temperature, humidity Related, its optimal value can be arranged in system automatically;
(2) power model- following control strategy
The start and stop of auxiliary power unit are not only related with power battery SOC under the control strategy, while need to refer to main driving Power demand of motors and auxiliary power unit current working status;When main drive motor demand power is high or power battery SOC When being worth relatively low, auxiliary power unit can be opened;Only when power battery SOC is higher than preset upper limit value SOCmaxAnd vehicle demand power When less than preset value, auxiliary power unit is closed;Meanwhile state holding area is set, in the state holding area, auxiliary is dynamic Power unit previous moment is opened, then is kept it turning on;Previous moment is closed, then is remained turned-off, and once auxiliary power unit is defeated work Power is changed with bearing power out;
(3) invariable power+power model- following control strategy
The control strategy is to be used in combination with first two strategy, and auxiliary power unit and power battery is made to work Auxiliary power unit discharge and power battery life problems are taken into account in relative efficiency region, i.e., when main drive motor output power is super When crossing the 70% of rated power, using power model- following control strategy, power battery pack is avoided to be large current discharge;Work as main drive motor When output power is lower than the 70% of rated power, according to SOC state at that time, auxiliary power unit is closed, improves system effectiveness, Improve discharge;
(4) equivalent fuel consumption control strategy
The electric energy that power battery charge and discharge process consumes is converted to auxiliary power unit and consumes or deposit by the control strategy The energy of storage, total fuel consumption model, calculates this model minimum value with the practical fuel consumption composition system of auxiliary power unit, Choose operating point of the point as current auxiliary power unit corresponding to this minimum value;
Load model selection:
It loads selection control and receives system controller instruction, it is negative according to experimental rig complete machine working condition and controlling tactic switch Load mode;
(1) power battery pack charge mode:
Under this mode, if main drive motor is in running order, the electric energy that auxiliary power unit is issued, a part supply master Driving motor, the extra power of another part charge to power battery pack;If main drive motor is in halted state, auxiliary is dynamic The electric energy that power unit is issued is completely used for power battery pack charging;
(2) parallel network reverse mode
Parallel network reverse mode is the attached operating mode of power battery charging mode, when battery management system detects power at this time It when battery Full Charge Capacity, sends and instructs to system controller, system controller sends instruction, switching load to load selection control To parallel network reverse mode, under this mode, if main drive motor is in running order, the electric energy that auxiliary power unit is issued, A part supply main drive motor, the extra power of another part give parallel network reverse power supply, electric energy are fed back to public electric wire net;If Main drive motor is in halted state, then the electric energy that auxiliary power unit is issued is completely used for parallel network reverse;
(3) ohmic load mode
Although power battery pack charge mode and parallel network reverse mode can have power storage or effectively conversion centainly Drawback.Power battery pack by its ontological property due to being limited, and the size of electric current needs charging in a certain range when charging Electric current crosses conference and causes to damage to battery body;After grid-connected inverters, waveform, the phase height of output voltage rely on power grid electricity Pressure, is difficult to control the output power of auxiliary power unit;
Ohmic load mode can effectively solve the above problems, and alternating current-direct current ohmic load, generator output are used in the experimental rig Side can be directly accessed ac input end, which meets the requirement of auxiliary power unit peak power output, and engine turns When speed is constant, generator is capable of the three-phase alternating current of output voltage stabilization, by changing ohmic load resistance value, i.e., changeable power generation Machine output current value, load resistor value is bigger, and output electric current is smaller, and generated output power is smaller at this time;Load resistor value subtracts Small, output generator current increases, and output power increases.Intelligent controller outlet side can be directly accessed direct-flow input end, can Generator output characteristics and intelligent controller rectifier boost characteristic are detected simultaneously.It therefore, can be dynamic to auxiliary by ohmic load Power unit output characteristics is tested comprehensively.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of electric car auxiliary power unit experimental rig, composition includes: auxiliary power unit, it is characterized in that: described Auxiliary power unit include engine, the engine is connect with starting/generator respectively, engine controller connects, Starting/the generator is divided with intelligent controller, alternating current-direct current ohmic load, alternating current-direct current power respectively by ac power cable Analyzer connection, the intelligent controller by DC power cable respectively with load selection control, the alternating current-direct current function The connection of rate analyzer, the load selection control pass through conducting wire and parallel network reverse power supply, power battery pack, described respectively The connection of alternating current-direct current ohmic load.
2. electric car auxiliary power unit experimental rig according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the parallel network reverse Power supply connects power grid, and the power battery pack is connect by conducting wire with main drive motor controller, the main drive motor Controller is connect by conducting wire with main drive motor, and the main drive motor is connect by shaft coupling A with torque sensor, institute The torque sensor stated is connect by shaft coupling B with electromagnetic brake, and the electromagnetic brake passes through conducting wire and excitation con-trol Device connection.
3. electric car auxiliary power unit experimental rig according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: the excitation It is controller, the main drive motor controller, the power battery pack, the alternating current-direct current ohmic load, described negative Selection control, the intelligent controller, the engine controller, system controller is carried to connect by CAN bus.
4. a kind of test method using electric car auxiliary power unit experimental rig described in one of claim 1-3, Be characterized in: this method comprises the following steps:
The auxiliary power unit auxiliary generating unit that is vehicle dynamical system first, mainly by engine, starting/generator, Intelligent controller is constituted, and the engine is the power source and chemical energy/mechanical energy converting unit of auxiliary power unit; Starting/generator uses starting/power generation integrated formula motor, and when engine start, intelligent controller controls motor work electronic State, for starting engine;After engine start, generator switchs to generating state, and intelligent controller has rectification and boosting Function, is load supplying, and the three-phase alternating current that generator exports is converted to direct current, powers to main drive motor, gives simultaneously Power battery pack charging;System controller is realized by control algolithm to auxiliary power list according to the CAN bus signal detected The intelligent control of first working condition;Main drive motor, main drive motor controller and electromagnetic brake are used to simulate actual vehicle The service condition of electric energy in driving process;
Experimental rig is compatible with various control strategy, and system controller is coordinated each control unit according to different control strategies and completed to auxiliary The test of power unit is helped, which can complete the test of following four control strategy:
(1) power limitation control strategy
The control strategy according to the state-of-charge SOC threshold value of power battery pack, determine the unlatching of auxiliary power unit with It closes, sets the upper limit value SOC of battery SOCmaxWith lower limit value SOCmin, when SOC value of battery is greater than SOCmaxWhen, auxiliary power list Member is closed;When SOC value of battery is lower than SOCminWhen, auxiliary power unit starting works in optimum efficiency point, exports firm power; If main drive motor is in running order, a portion power supplies main drive motor, makes vehicle continue to travel, another portion Divide the use of extra power depending on three kinds of loading conditions;When power battery pack SOC is located at SOCmaxAnd SOCminBetween when, it is auxiliary Power unit is helped to keep the working condition of previous moment, SOCmaxWith SOCminValue and the environmental factors such as ambient temperature, humidity Related, its optimal value can be arranged in system automatically;
(2) power model- following control strategy
The start and stop of auxiliary power unit are not only related with power battery SOC under the control strategy, while need to refer to main driving Power demand of motors and auxiliary power unit current working status;When main drive motor demand power is high or power battery SOC When being worth relatively low, auxiliary power unit can be opened;Only when power battery SOC is higher than preset upper limit value SOCmaxAnd vehicle demand power When less than preset value, auxiliary power unit is closed;Meanwhile state holding area is set, in the state holding area, auxiliary is dynamic Power unit previous moment is opened, then is kept it turning on;Previous moment is closed, then is remained turned-off, and once auxiliary power unit is defeated work Power is changed with bearing power out;
(3) invariable power+power model- following control strategy
The control strategy is to be used in combination with first two strategy, and auxiliary power unit and power battery is made to work Auxiliary power unit discharge and power battery life problems are taken into account in relative efficiency region, i.e., when main drive motor output power is super When crossing the 70% of rated power, using power model- following control strategy, power battery pack is avoided to be large current discharge;Work as main drive motor When output power is lower than the 70% of rated power, according to SOC state at that time, auxiliary power unit is closed, improves system effectiveness, Improve discharge;
(4) equivalent fuel consumption control strategy
The electric energy that power battery charge and discharge process consumes is converted to auxiliary power unit and consumes or deposit by the control strategy The energy of storage, total fuel consumption model, calculates this model minimum value with the practical fuel consumption composition system of auxiliary power unit, Choose operating point of the point as current auxiliary power unit corresponding to this minimum value.
CN201810909566.4A 2018-08-10 2018-08-10 Electric automobile auxiliary power unit testing device and testing method Expired - Fee Related CN109141916B (en)

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