CN109140431B - Ignition method of circulating fluidized bed boiler - Google Patents
Ignition method of circulating fluidized bed boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN109140431B CN109140431B CN201810898238.9A CN201810898238A CN109140431B CN 109140431 B CN109140431 B CN 109140431B CN 201810898238 A CN201810898238 A CN 201810898238A CN 109140431 B CN109140431 B CN 109140431B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
- F23Q13/00—Igniters not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2206/00—Fluidised bed combustion
- F23C2206/10—Circulating fluidised bed
Abstract
The invention provides an ignition method of a circulating fluidized bed boiler, wherein in ignition starting, the thickness of bed materials is 60-80cm, the primary air volume is adjusted to 24-26 ten thousand Nm3/h to ensure the bed materials to be fluidized uniformly, after the bed materials are fluidized uniformly, the primary air volume is gradually reduced to 18-20 ten thousand Nm3/h to ensure that the bed materials are in a bubbling bed state, the ignition oil pressure is adjusted to 1.2-1.4MPa, and an ignition oil gun with the flow rate of 1200kg/h is adopted for ignition; in the ignition and temperature rise process, more than 90% of primary air is heated by an ignition oil gun, and cold air is reduced to enter a hearth cooling bed material; when the bed temperature rises to 420-440 ℃, pulse coal feeding is carried out; gradually withdrawing the oil gun when the temperature of the bed rises to 620-650 ℃, adjusting the primary air quantity to be not less than 24 ten thousand Nm3/h after the combustion is stable, and ensuring that the bed material is fluidized normally; when the bed temperature reaches 680-700 ℃, the continuous coal feeding is switched to normal combustion. The ignition method can reduce the fuel consumption required by ignition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of circulating fluidized bed boilers, in particular to an ignition method of a circulating fluidized bed boiler.
Background
The supercritical circulating fluidized bed unit boiler has the advantages of high efficiency, energy conservation, low pollution, wide fuel adaptability, high combustion efficiency, high-efficiency desulfurization, low NOx emission, simple structure, convenient operation and the like, and also has the advantages of low calorific value and the like commonly existing in coal types of a Bai-Ching district, so that the 2 × 350MW supercritical circulating fluidized bed unit becomes a first unit of a Guangxi Zhuang autonomous district, the number of units in the same type in China can be within the same number of districts at present, the ignition and the starting of the circulating fluidized bed boiler system in the prior art mainly adopt diesel oil for ignition, as shown in figure 1, fuel oil is generally led to an ignition oil gun arranged in an air duct of the boiler by an oil pipe, a fuel oil system 20 and a compressed air system 40 respectively provide fuel oil and compressed air for the ignition oil gun 50, high-temperature flame generated by combustion of the fuel oil in the ignition oil gun 50 heats the air, the heated air is fed into a bubbling bed, the bed materials are heated and heated, the circulating fluidized bed boiler generally has the potential of easy ignition, easy coking, easy overtemperature, high-consumption, large-scale circulating fluidized bed boiler combustion and high-consumption-reducing and even about 2016-year cold-consumption-reducing of enterprises.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, it is desirable to provide an ignition method capable of reducing the amount of ignition oil for a circulating fluidized bed boiler.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method of igniting a circulating fluidized bed boiler, comprising the steps of:
and (3) starting ignition: spreading bed material on blast cap of blast plate of furnace chamber, the thickness of the bed material is 60-80cm, regulating primary air quantity to 24-26 ten thousand Nm3/h, making bed material fluidization test to ensure that the bed material is uniformly fluidized, after the bed material is uniformly fluidized, gradually reducing primary air quantity to 18-20 ten thousand Nm3H, making the bed material in a bubbling bed state, adjusting the ignition oil pressure to 1.2-1.4MPa, and igniting by adopting an ignition oil gun with the flow rate of 1200 kg/h;
ignition and temperature rise: closing a main primary air door and an air inlet door of an unfired oil gun, heating more than 90% of primary air by the ignition oil gun, reducing cold air entering a hearth to cool bed materials, heating the bed materials by adopting the heated primary air, and adjusting oil pressure and primary air quantity according to the temperature rise rate to ensure that the bed temperature rises according to the preset temperature rise rate;
coal feeding: when the bed temperature rises to 420-440 ℃, pulse coal feeding is carried out, and the oil pressure and the primary air quantity are adjusted according to the change conditions of the bed temperature and the oxygen quantity after coal feeding so as to ensure that the bed temperature rises at a preset speed;
gun retreating: gradually withdrawing the oil gun when the temperature of the bed rises to 620-650 ℃, adjusting the primary air quantity to be not less than 24 ten thousand Nm3/h after the combustion is stable, and ensuring that the bed material is fluidized normally;
and (4) switching to normal combustion: when the bed temperature reaches 680-700 ℃, the continuous coal feeding is switched to normal combustion, and other adjustments are carried out according to the conventional requirements of the power plant.
Further, the thickness of the bed material is 80 cm.
Further, in the ignition start step, the primary air volume is first adjusted to 24 ten thousand Nm3H, performing a fluidization test to ensure that the bed material is uniformly fluidized, and gradually reducing the primary air quantity to 18 ten thousand Nm after the bed material is uniformly fluidized3And h, making the bed material in a bubbling bed state.
Further, in the ignition starting step, whether the bed material reaches the bubbling bed state is judged by checking the bed pressure, and if the bed pressure fluctuates within the period of 4.5-5.0 MPa, the bed material is in the bubbling bed state.
Further, the predetermined temperature rise rate is 2-3 ℃/min.
Furthermore, the pulse coal feeding and the continuous coal feeding are controlled by a coal feeder, and a small amount of coal is symmetrically and uniformly fed, so that the oxygen content is slowly reduced, and the coal feeding is ensured to be on fire.
Further, the pulse coal feeding temperature is 440 ℃.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the ignition method, the thickness of the bed material is adjusted to be 60-80cm, the primary air volume is adjusted to be 24-26 ten thousand Nm3/h, so that the bed material is fluidized uniformly, then the primary air volume is adjusted to be 18-20 ten thousand Nm3/h, the oil pressure is reduced to be 1.2-1.4MPa, the bed material is ignited in a bubbling bed state, the bed material is fluidized and uniformly heated, coking of the boiler after coal feeding is prevented, the boiler is started safely, the bed pressure is not high after starting, heat waste is avoided, and the oil consumption is reduced.
2. The main primary air door and the air inlet door of the oil gun which is not ignited are closed, more than 90% of primary air is heated by the ignition oil gun, and the heated primary air heats bed materials, so that heat loss caused by cold air entering a hearth to cool the bed materials is reduced, the heat utilization rate of the ignition oil gun is greatly improved, heat is concentrated in the hearth, and the oil consumption is reduced; but also can achieve the purposes of conveniently controlling the temperature rise rate and preventing the overtemperature of the boiler.
3. Because the heat can be better concentrated in the hearth, the ignition method can reduce the coal feeding temperature from about 550 ℃ in the prior art to 440 ℃ of 420-.
4. After the measures are adopted, because the fuel oil quantity required by the ignition of the circulating fluidized bed boiler is reduced, the circulating fluidized bed boiler is allowed to adopt a small-flow ignition oil gun to perform oil pressure, the large oil gun originally designed with the flow of 2150kg/h is replaced by the small oil gun with the flow of 1200kg/h in the ignition method, the fuel oil flow is reduced by nearly one time, the oil quantity can be reduced, the control is convenient, the fuel oil waste is avoided, and the purpose of further reducing the oil quantity is achieved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the ignition system of a prior art circulating fluidized bed boiler.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart illustrating a method of igniting the circulating fluidized bed boiler according to the embodiment of the present invention.
In the drawings: 20-fuel system, 40-compressed air system, 50-ignition oil gun.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When a component is referred to as being "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or intervening components may also be present. When a component is referred to as being "disposed on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or intervening components may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The problems that in the prior art, a boiler is difficult to ignite, easy to overtemperature, easy to ignite and consume a large amount of fuel oil and the like in the starting process are researched, and the problems are found to be mainly caused by the following reasons:
1. the control of the fluidization air quantity in the ignition process is an important link for saving oil in the cold-state starting of the boiler. The optimal fluidized air volume (primary air volume) for ignition start is to ensure that fluidized air just can enable the bed materials to be in a bubbling state, and a large amount of heat in the ignition process can be taken away due to excessive fluidized air volume; if the fluidization air quantity is too small, poor fluidization is easily caused, and coking is caused after coal feeding. The primary air volume is usually set to be 28 ten thousand Nm3/h when the ignition is started in the prior art, the primary air volume is too large, a large amount of heat is lost in the ignition process, and the bed pressure is too high after the ignition is started, so that the subsequent fuel consumption is increased.
2. The ignition temperature rise process is a process of heating bed materials by hot smoke generated by ignition oil combustion. The thickness of the bed material has direct influence on the oil consumption, the bed material is too thick, the time for heating the bed material is long, the temperature rise time is long, and the oil consumption is increased; the bed material is too thin and is prone to uneven fluidization. The bed material in the prior art is usually 1m thick, and the bed material is too thick, so that the heating time is long, and the oil consumption is increased.
3. In the ignition and temperature rise process, the main primary air door and the air inlet door of the oil gun which is not ignited need to be closed, so that most of primary air is heated by the ignition oil gun and used for heating bed materials. However, in order to ensure sufficient primary air volume in the furnace, in the ignition method of the prior art, only 50% -60% of primary air is heated by the ignition oil gun to heat bed materials, and the rest of the primary air is introduced into the furnace, so that heat loss in the furnace is caused, the temperature is reduced, although the temperature of the furnace can be increased by increasing the oil pressure, the oil consumption is increased, the operation is difficult, and the over-temperature phenomenon is easily caused.
4. Because the primary air quantity in the prior art is too large and the heat cannot be concentrated, the coal feeding temperature in the prior art is usually about 550 ℃, and the coal feeding temperature is too high, so that the fuel consumption is increased and the ignition efficiency is reduced; in addition, the coal feeding in the prior art is not uniform, only part of the coal is ignited, so that the bed temperature is in a descending trend, and a large amount of oil is required to be fed to burn the bed temperature again until the bed temperature is completely ignited.
6. Because the fuel consumption is great, in the circulating fluidized bed boiler in the prior art, the ignition oil gun usually adopts the ignition oil gun with the flow of 2150kg/h to meet the requirement, the fuel flow of the ignition oil gun is overlarge, the ignition oil pressure is high and is usually 2.5-3.2 MPa, the ignition process is difficult to control, the fuel is not combusted sufficiently, and the fuel waste is easily caused.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 2, based on the above situation, embodiment 1 of the present invention provides an ignition method for a circulating fluidized bed boiler, the boiler is directly purchased from the market, and is a DG-1100/25.4-II1 supercritical dc furnace, the boiler adopts a single furnace, an M-type arrangement, balanced ventilation, once intermediate reheating, an all-steel frame structure, a circulating fluidized bed combustion mode, and a high-temperature cooling cyclone separator for gas-solid separation, and before the ignition method of the present invention is adopted, an ignition oil gun with a lower flow rate of 2150kg/h of a material bed of the boiler is replaced with an ignition oil gun with a flow rate of 1200 kg/h. The ignition method comprises the following steps:
and (3) starting ignition: paving a bed material on the wind distribution plate hood, wherein the thickness of the bed material is 60-80cm, and the primary air quantity is adjusted to 24 ten thousand Nm3H, performing a fluidization test to ensure that the bed material is uniformly fluidized, and gradually reducing the primary air quantity to 18 ten thousand Nm after the bed material is uniformly fluidized3The bed material was brought into a bubbling bed state, the ignition oil pressure was adjusted to 1.3MPa, and ignition was carried out using an ignition oil gun having a flow rate of 1200 kg/h. In the step, whether the bed material is in a bubbling bed state can be judged by checking the bed pressure, and if the bed pressure fluctuates in a period of 4.5-5.0 MPa, the bed material is in the bubbling bed state.
Ignition and temperature rise: and (3) closing the main primary air door and the air inlet door of the oil gun which is not ignited, heating 90% of primary air by the ignition oil gun, reducing cold air entering a hearth to cool bed materials, heating the bed materials by adopting the heated primary air, and adjusting the oil pressure and the primary air quantity according to the temperature rise rate to ensure that the bed temperature rises according to the preset temperature rise rate. Preferably, the preset temperature rise rate is 2-3 ℃/min, and if the temperature rise rate is too fast, the temperature rise rate can be reduced by reducing the oil pressure or increasing the primary air volume; if the temperature rise rate is too slow, the temperature rise rate can be improved by increasing the oil pressure or reducing the primary air volume.
Coal feeding: when the bed temperature is raised to 430 ℃, pulse coal feeding is carried out, and after coal feeding, the oil pressure and the primary air quantity are adjusted according to the change conditions of the bed temperature and the oxygen quantity so as to ensure that the bed temperature is raised according to a preset temperature raising speed. Preferably, the preset temperature rise speed is 2-3 ℃/min, and if the temperature rise speed is too high, the temperature rise rate can be reduced by reducing the oil pressure or increasing the primary air volume; if the temperature rise speed is too slow, the temperature rise rate can be improved by increasing the oil pressure or reducing the primary air volume.
Gun retreating: when the temperature of the bed rises to 640 ℃, the oil gun is gradually withdrawn, and the primary air volume is adjusted to 24 ten thousand Nm3/h after the combustion is stable, so that the bed material is ensured to be fluidized normally.
And (4) switching to normal combustion: when the bed temperature reaches 700 ℃, the continuous coal feeding is switched to normal combustion, and other adjustments are carried out according to the conventional requirements of the power plant.
Preferably, the pulse coal feeding and the continuous coal feeding are controlled by a coal feeder, and a small amount of coal is symmetrically and uniformly fed, so that the oxygen content is slowly reduced, the coal is ensured to be fired immediately, the phenomenon that the oil consumption is increased due to the fact that the bed temperature is reduced too much due to the coal feeding is avoided, and the fuel consumption is further reduced.
Example 2
The embodiment 2 of the invention provides an ignition method of a circulating fluidized bed boiler, the boiler is directly purchased from the market and is a DG-1100/25.4-II1 supercritical direct current boiler, a single hearth, M-shaped arrangement, balanced ventilation, once intermediate reheating, an all-steel frame structure and a circulating fluidized bed combustion mode are adopted, a high-temperature cooling type cyclone separator is adopted for gas-solid separation, and before the ignition method is adopted, an ignition oil gun with the lower flow rate of a boiler material bed of 2150kg/h is replaced by an ignition oil gun with the flow rate of 1200 kg/h. The ignition method comprises the following steps:
and (3) starting ignition: the method comprises the steps of paving bed materials on an air distribution plate hood, wherein the thickness of the bed materials is 70cm, adjusting the primary air volume to 25 ten thousand Nm3/h, conducting a fluidization test to ensure that the bed materials are fluidized uniformly, gradually reducing the primary air volume to 19 ten thousand Nm3/h after the bed materials are fluidized uniformly, enabling the bed materials to be in a bubbling bed state, adjusting the ignition oil pressure to 1.2MPa, and igniting by adopting an ignition oil gun with the flow rate of 1200 kg/h. In the step, whether the bed material is in a bubbling bed state can be judged by checking the bed pressure, and if the bed pressure fluctuates in a period of 4.5-5.0 MPa, the bed material is in the bubbling bed state.
Ignition and temperature rise: and (3) closing the main primary air door and the air inlet door of the oil gun which is not ignited, heating 94% of primary air by the ignition oil gun, reducing cold air entering a hearth to cool bed materials, heating the bed materials by adopting the heated primary air, and adjusting the oil pressure and the primary air quantity according to the temperature rise rate to ensure that the bed temperature rises according to the preset temperature rise rate. Preferably, the preset temperature rise rate is 2-3 ℃/min, and if the temperature rise rate is too fast, the temperature rise rate can be reduced by reducing the oil pressure or increasing the primary air volume; if the temperature rise rate is too slow, the temperature rise rate can be improved by increasing the oil pressure or reducing the primary air volume.
Coal feeding: when the bed temperature is raised to 420 deg.C, the pulse coal feeding is performed, and after the coal feeding, the oil pressure and primary air quantity are regulated according to the change of bed temperature and oxygen quantity so as to ensure that the bed temperature is raised according to the preset temp-raising speed. Preferably, the preset temperature rise speed is 2-3 ℃/min, and if the temperature rise speed is too high, the temperature rise rate can be reduced by reducing the oil pressure or increasing the primary air volume; if the temperature rise speed is too slow, the temperature rise rate can be improved by increasing the oil pressure or reducing the primary air volume.
Gun retreating: when the temperature of the bed is raised to 620 ℃, the oil gun is gradually withdrawn, and the primary air volume is adjusted to 26 ten thousand Nm3/h after the combustion is stable, so that the bed material is ensured to be fluidized normally.
And (4) switching to normal combustion: when the bed temperature reaches 680 ℃, the continuous coal feeding is switched to normal combustion, and other adjustments are carried out according to the conventional requirements of the power plant.
Preferably, the pulse coal feeding and the continuous coal feeding are controlled by a coal feeder, and a small amount of coal is symmetrically and uniformly fed, so that the oxygen content is slowly reduced, the coal is ensured to be fired immediately, the phenomenon that the oil consumption is increased due to the fact that the bed temperature is reduced too much due to the coal feeding is avoided, and the fuel consumption is further reduced.
Example 3
The embodiment 3 of the invention provides an ignition method of a circulating fluidized bed boiler, the boiler is directly purchased from the market and is a DG-1100/25.4-II1 supercritical direct current boiler, a single hearth, M-shaped arrangement, balanced ventilation, once intermediate reheating, an all-steel frame structure and a circulating fluidized bed combustion mode are adopted, a high-temperature cooling type cyclone separator is adopted for gas-solid separation, and before the ignition method is adopted, an ignition oil gun with the lower flow rate of a boiler material bed of 2150kg/h is replaced by an ignition oil gun with the flow rate of 1200 kg/h. The ignition method comprises the following steps:
and (3) starting ignition: the method comprises the steps of paving bed materials on an air distribution plate hood, wherein the thickness of the bed materials is 80cm, adjusting the primary air volume to 26 ten thousand Nm3/h, conducting a fluidization test to ensure that the bed materials are fluidized uniformly, gradually reducing the primary air volume to 20 ten thousand Nm3/h after the bed materials are fluidized uniformly, enabling the bed materials to be in a bubbling bed state, adjusting the ignition oil pressure to 1.4MPa, and igniting by adopting an ignition oil gun with the flow rate of 1200 kg/h. In the step, whether the bed material is in a bubbling bed state can be judged by checking the bed pressure, and if the bed pressure fluctuates in a period of 4.5-5.0 MPa, the bed material is in the bubbling bed state.
Ignition and temperature rise: and closing the main primary air door and the air inlet door of the oil gun which is not ignited, heating 96% of primary air by the ignition oil gun, reducing cold air entering a hearth to cool bed materials, heating the bed materials by adopting the heated primary air, and adjusting oil pressure and primary air quantity according to the temperature rise rate to ensure that the bed temperature rises according to the preset temperature rise rate. Preferably, the preset temperature rise rate is 2-3 ℃/min, and if the temperature rise rate is too fast, the temperature rise rate can be reduced by reducing the oil pressure or increasing the primary air volume; if the temperature rise rate is too slow, the temperature rise rate can be improved by increasing the oil pressure or reducing the primary air volume.
Coal feeding: when the bed temperature is raised to 440 ℃, the coal is put in pulses, and the oil pressure and the primary air quantity are adjusted according to the change conditions of the bed temperature and the oxygen quantity after the coal is put in, so as to ensure that the bed temperature is raised according to the preset temperature raising speed. Preferably, the preset temperature rise speed is 2-3 ℃/min, and if the temperature rise speed is too high, the temperature rise rate can be reduced by reducing the oil pressure or increasing the primary air volume; if the temperature rise speed is too slow, the temperature rise rate can be improved by increasing the oil pressure or reducing the primary air volume.
Gun retreating: when the temperature of the bed is raised to 650 ℃, the oil gun is gradually withdrawn, and the primary air volume is adjusted to 28 ten thousand Nm3/h after the combustion is stable, so that the bed material is ensured to be fluidized normally.
And (4) switching to normal combustion: when the bed temperature reaches 690 ℃, the continuous coal feeding is switched to normal combustion, and other adjustments are carried out according to the conventional requirements of the power plant.
Preferably, the pulse coal feeding and the continuous coal feeding are controlled by a coal feeder, and a small amount of coal is symmetrically and uniformly fed, so that the oxygen content is slowly reduced, the coal is ensured to be fired immediately, the phenomenon that the oil consumption is increased due to the fact that the bed temperature is reduced too much due to the coal feeding is avoided, and the fuel consumption is further reduced.
According to the ignition method, the thickness of the bed material is adjusted to 60-80cm, the primary air volume is adjusted to 24-26 ten thousand Nm3/h, so that the bed material is fluidized uniformly, then the primary air volume is reduced to 18-20 ten thousand Nm3/h, the oil pressure is adjusted to 1.2-1.4MPa, the bed material is ignited in a bubbling bed state, the bed material is fluidized uniformly, coking of the boiler is prevented, the boiler is started safely, the bed pressure is not high after the boiler is started, heat waste is avoided, and the oil consumption is reduced.
The main primary air door and the air inlet door of the oil gun which is not ignited are closed, more than 90% of primary air is heated by the ignition oil gun, and the heated primary air heats bed materials, so that heat loss caused by cold air entering a hearth to cool the bed materials is reduced, the heat utilization rate of the ignition oil gun is greatly improved, heat is concentrated in the hearth, and the oil consumption is reduced; but also can achieve the purposes of conveniently adjusting the temperature rise rate and preventing the overtemperature of the boiler.
Because the heat can be better concentrated in the hearth, the ignition method can reduce the coal feeding temperature from about 550 ℃ in the prior art to 440 ℃ of 420-.
After the measures are adopted, because the fuel oil quantity required by ignition of the circulating fluidized bed boiler is reduced, the circulating fluidized bed boiler is allowed to adopt a small-flow ignition oil gun to perform oil pressure, the large oil gun originally designed with the flow of 2150kg/h is replaced by the small oil gun with the flow of 1200kg/h in the ignition method, the fuel oil flow is reduced by nearly one time, the oil quantity can be reduced, the control is convenient, the fuel oil is fully combusted, the fuel oil waste is avoided, and the purpose of further reducing the oil consumption is achieved.
After the ignition method is adopted, the consumption of boiler starting diesel oil is reduced to about 15.6 tons/time from the original 60-100 tons/time, the oil saving amount is about 44.4 tons each time, each unit is started for 5 times (10 times for the two units) every year, 44.4 × 10 is saved by boiler starting oil, 10 × 6000 is saved to 266.4 ten thousand yuan (the diesel oil is calculated according to 6000 yuan/ton), the energy is saved, the consumption is reduced obviously, and the economic benefit is considerable.
It will be appreciated that the ignition method is also applicable to the ignition of other types of circulating fluidized bed boilers.
The above description is intended to describe in detail the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the claims of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made within the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method of igniting a circulating fluidized bed boiler, comprising the steps of:
and (3) starting ignition: the method comprises the steps of paving bed materials on a blast plate hood of a hearth, wherein the thickness of the bed materials is 60-80cm, adjusting the primary air quantity to 24-26 ten thousand Nm3/h to ensure that the bed materials are fluidized uniformly, gradually reducing the primary air quantity to 18-20 ten thousand Nm3/h after the bed materials are fluidized uniformly to enable the bed materials to be in a bubbling bed state, adjusting the ignition oil pressure to 1.2-1.4MPa, and igniting by adopting an ignition oil gun with the flow rate of 1200 kg/h;
ignition and temperature rise: closing a main primary air door and an air inlet door of an unfired oil gun, heating more than 90% of primary air by the ignition oil gun, reducing cold air entering a hearth to cool bed materials, heating the bed materials by adopting the heated primary air, and adjusting oil pressure and primary air quantity according to the temperature rise rate to ensure that the bed temperature rises according to the preset temperature rise rate;
coal feeding: when the bed temperature rises to 420-440 ℃, pulse coal feeding is carried out, and the oil pressure and the primary air quantity are adjusted according to the change conditions of the bed temperature and the oxygen quantity after coal feeding so as to ensure that the bed temperature rises at a preset speed;
gun retreating: gradually withdrawing the oil gun when the temperature of the bed rises to 620-650 ℃, adjusting the primary air quantity to be not less than 24 ten thousand Nm3/h after the combustion is stable, and ensuring that the bed material is fluidized normally;
and (4) switching to normal combustion: when the bed temperature reaches 680-700 ℃, the continuous coal feeding is switched to normal combustion.
2. The method of igniting a circulating fluidized bed boiler of claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the bed material is 80 cm.
3. The method of igniting a circulating fluidized bed boiler of claim 1, wherein: in the ignition starting step, the primary air volume is firstly adjusted to 24 ten thousand Nm3/h to ensure that the bed material is fluidized uniformly, and after the bed material is fluidized uniformly, the primary air volume is gradually reduced to 18 ten thousand Nm3/h, so that the bed material belongs to a bubbling bed state.
4. The method of igniting a circulating fluidized bed boiler of claim 1, wherein: in the ignition starting step, whether the bed material reaches the bubbling bed state is judged by checking the bed pressure, and if the bed pressure fluctuates in a period of 4.5-5.0 MPa, the bed material is in the bubbling bed state.
5. The method of igniting a circulating fluidized bed boiler of claim 1, wherein: the predetermined rate of temperature rise is 2-3 ℃/min.
6. A method of igniting a circulating fluidized bed boiler according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the pulse coal feeding and the continuous coal feeding are controlled by a coal feeder, and a small amount of coal is symmetrically and uniformly fed, so that the oxygen content is slowly reduced, and the coal feeding is ensured to be on fire.
7. The method of igniting a circulating fluidized bed boiler of claim 1, wherein: the pulse coal feeding temperature is 440 ℃.
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| CN110848670A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-02-28 | 大唐鸡西第二热电有限公司 | Novel ignition mode application of 300MW circulating fluidized bed boiler |
| CN112856397A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-05-28 | 神华神东电力有限责任公司 | Coal feeding control method of circulating fluidized bed boiler |
| CN113028392A (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2021-06-25 | 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 | Micro-fluidization cold-state ignition starting method for circulating fluidized bed boiler |
| CN114811959B (en) * | 2022-03-23 | 2023-12-15 | 华能国际电力股份有限公司上海石洞口第一电厂 | Micro-oil ignition control system and method for coal-fired boiler |
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| JP6208970B2 (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2017-10-04 | 株式会社トクヤマ | Power generation method |
| CN205480962U (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-08-17 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Circulating fluidized bed boiler with quick start -up system |
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