CN109140414B - Cloud computing boiler system with gradually increased sewage discharge capacity - Google Patents
Cloud computing boiler system with gradually increased sewage discharge capacity Download PDFInfo
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- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 145
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B35/00—Control systems for steam boilers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B35/00—Control systems for steam boilers
- F22B35/18—Applications of computers to steam boiler control
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
- F22B37/48—Devices for removing water, salt, or sludge from boilers; Arrangements of cleaning apparatus in boilers; Combinations thereof with boilers
- F22B37/54—De-sludging or blow-down devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
- F22B37/56—Boiler cleaning control devices, e.g. for ascertaining proper duration of boiler blow-down
- F22B37/565—Blow-down control, e.g. for ascertaining proper duration of boiler blow-down
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Abstract
The invention provides a boiler system, which is automatically controlled according to the steam quantity generated by a boiler and the water quantity input into the boiler, wherein the boiler periodically discharges sewage, the discharge capacity is continuously increased along with the increase of the ratio of the steam quality to the water quality input into the boiler, and the discharge capacity is continuously increased along with the increase of the ratio of the steam quality to the water quality input into the boiler; the monitoring diagnosis controller is in data connection with the cloud server so as to transmit monitored data to the cloud server, the cloud server is connected with the client, and the client can obtain the monitored data through the cloud server. According to the invention, through the change of the relation between the discharge capacity increase amplitude and the ratio between the steam quality and the water quality input into the boiler, the discharge capacity can correspond to the actual discharge capacity, the discharge efficiency can be improved as soon as possible, the discharge parameters can be adjusted through the client in time, and a large amount of heat energy waste caused by the fault of a boiler discharge system can be prevented.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention is an improvement to the applicant's previous application, in the field of boilers, in the field of F22.
Background
In operation of a steam boiler, as steam is produced, boiler water is concentrated. When the salt concentration rises to a certain degree, the boiler water can generate foam, steam and water are co-boiled, a large amount of steam carries water, and a serious false water level is caused, so that the furnace condition is not controlled stably. Therefore, the salt concentration of the boiler water must be controlled to ensure the steam quality and the boiler operation safety.
China has national standards for industrial boiler water quality, for example, in GB1576-2001, for a steam boiler with a superheater and a pressure of 1.6-2.5 Mpa, the dissolved solid concentration (TDS) of boiler water is regulated to be not more than 2500 mg/L. Wherein, the dissolved solid can be approximately regarded as the salt content of the boiler water.
The main method for controlling salt content of boiler water is that along with the production of steam in operation, a surface pollution discharge method is adopted, a part of boiler water with high salt concentration is discharged from the lower side of the evaporation surface of the boiler barrel, and make-up water with low salt concentration is supplemented correspondingly, so as to realize the dilution of the salt concentration of the boiler water. If the sewage discharge amount is insufficient, the salt concentration of the boiler water is higher and higher; on the contrary, if the discharge capacity is too large, the discharged water is the boiler water containing a large amount of heat energy, which causes energy loss and waste of soft water resources. The optimal scheme of energy conservation and emission reduction is to control the water quality of the boiler to reach the standard with the minimum discharge capacity, ensure safe operation and improve the heat efficiency.
Most domestic industrial boilers adopt manual timing (once or several times per shift) to open or close the drain valve. The traditional pollution discharge method cannot realize the control of the discharge capacity according to the requirement. In the face of the change of the steam flow, the excess discharge can be generally only carried out according to the maximum possible evaporation capacity, and the energy waste is caused. Even if the load changes greatly, the boiler water is still difficult to ensure to be qualified.
In order to realize continuous sewage discharge as required, automatic control methods are researched at home and abroad. For example, 201510601501X carries out automatic sewage disposal according to the steam-water ratio of a boiler, but the existing sewage disposal methods are that a certain parameter reaches a certain degree, a sewage disposal valve is automatically opened, and when the certain parameter falls to a certain lower limit, the sewage disposal valve is closed. Although the intermittent automatic pollution discharge method is improved compared with manual timing pollution discharge, the salt content always fluctuates up and down in high and low limit intervals, and certain excessive discharge or insufficient discharge still exists due to the hysteresis of data control, so that the intermittent automatic pollution discharge method is not an optimal pollution discharge control scheme.
The applicant's previous application proposed a blowdown boiler system that addresses the above disadvantages, but which includes a local server. The local server receives the information sent by the controller, an operation scheme is obtained by presetting control programs and parameters in the local server, and the controller controls the operation of the boiler system according to the operation scheme obtained by the local server, namely the operation of the boiler system can only be operated according to the operation scheme obtained by the control programs and parameters preset in the local server. However, the field conditions of the system are complicated and changeable, and when the operation scheme obtained by the local server cannot meet the requirements of the field conditions, maintenance personnel is required to arrive at the field to update the control program and parameters of the local server, so that the local server can obtain the operation scheme meeting the field conditions, and the control program and parameters in the local server cannot be flexibly adjusted.
In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies, the present invention provides a new intelligently controlled blowdown boiler system.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the invention, the dynamic ratio relation between the water supplement amount and the generated steam amount is obtained by monitoring the water supplement amount and the generated steam amount of each boiler in real time, the sewage discharge amount of the boiler is automatically calculated according to the dynamic ratio relation, the sewage discharge time and the sewage discharge speed are adjusted according to the sewage discharge amount, the dynamic relation is transmitted to the client through the cloud server in real time, the client can timely master the operation condition of the boiler sewage discharge system, and can timely adjust the sewage discharge parameters through the client, so that a large amount of heat energy waste caused by the fault of the boiler sewage discharge system is prevented.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a boiler system comprises a central diagnostic monitor and a boiler, wherein the boiler comprises a flow meter, a pressure meter and a temperature meter which are arranged on a steam outlet pipeline and are used for measuring the flow rate, the pressure and the temperature of output steam; the flow meter, the pressure gauge and the temperature gauge are respectively in data connection with the monitoring and diagnosing controller so as to transmit the measured data to the monitoring and diagnosing controller, and the steam quality in unit time is calculated in the monitoring and diagnosing controller according to the measured steam temperature, pressure and flow rate;
the boiler comprises a blow-off pipe connected with a boiler steam drum, a blow-off valve is arranged on the blow-off pipe, one end of the blow-off valve is connected with a valve adjusting device, and the valve adjusting device is in data connection with the monitoring and diagnosing controller so as to transmit the opening data of the blow-off valve to the monitoring and diagnosing controller and receive an instruction from the monitoring and diagnosing controller to adjust the opening of the blow-off valve;
the main water inlet pipe of the boiler is provided with a flowmeter for detecting the flow entering the boiler, the flowmeter is in data connection with the monitoring and diagnosing controller so as to transmit the measured data to the monitoring and diagnosing controller, and the monitoring and diagnosing controller calculates the mass of water entering the boiler in unit time according to the measured flow;
the boiler periodically discharges sewage, and the central diagnostic monitor automatically sets the sewage discharge time and the sewage discharge speed according to the ratio of the steam quality to the quality of water input into the boiler, so that the sewage discharge amount is automatically controlled;
the monitoring diagnosis controller is in data connection with the cloud server so as to transmit monitored data to the cloud server, the cloud server is connected with the client, and the client can obtain the monitored data through the cloud server.
Preferably, the monitoring diagnosis controller transmits the steam quality, the quality of the input boiler water, the ratio of the steam quality to the quality of the input boiler water, the pollution discharge speed and the pollution discharge time to the cloud server, and the cloud server transmits the data to the client;
the client manually inputs the sewage discharge time and the sewage discharge speed according to the obtained data, transmits the sewage discharge time and the sewage discharge speed to the monitoring diagnosis controller through the cloud server, and manually adjusts the sewage discharge amount through the monitoring diagnosis controller.
Preferably, when the periodic blowdown is started, if the ratio of the steam quality detected by the monitoring and diagnosing controller to the water quality input into the boiler is smaller than an upper limit value, the monitoring and diagnosing controller closes the blowdown valve through the valve adjusting device; if the ratio of the steam quality detected by the monitoring diagnosis controller to the quality of the water input into the boiler is larger than the upper limit value, the central diagnosis monitor automatically sets the sewage discharge amount according to the ratio of the steam quality to the quality of the water input into the boiler.
Preferably, if the ratio of the steam quality detected by the monitoring and diagnosing controller to the water quality input into the boiler is still larger than the upper limit value after the pollution discharge, the boiler sends out a prompt signal.
Preferably, the amount of discharged sewage is controlled as follows:
steam quality M stored in reference data by central diagnostic monitorSteam generating deviceMass M of water fed to the boilerWater (W)And the time T for discharging sewage, the speed V for discharging sewage, which is the ratio M between the quality of the steam and the quality of the water fed to the boilerSteam generating device/MWater (W)Timely meeting the required pollution dischargeThe amount V x T is such that,
the steam mass becomes mSteam generating deviceThe mass of water fed into the boiler becomes mWater (W)In time, the sewage discharge time t and the sewage discharge speed v meet the following requirements:
(v*t)/(V*T)=a*(（msteam generating device/mWater (W)）*（MWater (W)/ MSteam generating device）)bWherein a and b are parameters, and the following formula is satisfied:
（msteam generating device/mWater (W)）*（MWater (W)/ MSteam generating device）<1,0.96<a<1.0;
（mSteam generating device/mWater (W)）*（MWater (W)/ MSteam generating device）=1, a=1；
（mSteam generating device/mWater (W)）*（MWater (W)/ MSteam generating device）>1, 1.0<a<1.05;
The above formula needs to satisfy the following conditions: 0.85<（mSteam generating device/mWater (W)）*（MWater (W)/ MSteam generating device）<1.15；
In the above formula, the temperature MSteam generating device、mSteam generating deviceIs the mass of steam produced per unit time in Kg/s, MWater (W)、mWater (W)The unit is the mass of water input in unit time, the unit is Kg/s, the sewage discharge speed V, V is the speed of discharged sewage, the unit is m/s, and the unit of sewage discharge time T, T is s.
Preferably, the central diagnosis monitor stores a plurality of groups of reference data, when the plurality of groups of reference data meet requirements, the client can manually select the reference data according to the obtained data, the selected reference data is transmitted to the monitoring diagnosis controller through the cloud server, and the sewage discharge amount is manually adjusted through the monitoring diagnosis controller.
Preferably, if the ratio of the steam quality detected by the monitoring and diagnosing controller to the water quality input into the boiler is still larger than the upper limit value after the pollution discharge, the boiler sends out a prompt signal.
Preferably, the client receives a prompt signal sent by the boiler, and then the client determines whether to continue to discharge the sewage; if the sewage draining is continued, the client can input the sewage draining time and/or the sewage draining speed to drain the sewage.
Preferably, the steam pocket is connected with an ascending pipe and a descending pipe, a plurality of slitting heat exchange components are arranged in the ascending pipe at intervals, the slitting heat exchange components extend along the height direction of the ascending pipe, a plurality of holes are formed in the slitting heat exchange components, and the holes penetrate through the slitting heat exchange components in the height direction of the ascending pipe.
Compared with the prior art, the boiler system has the following advantages:
1) according to the invention, the dynamic relation of the boiler operation is transmitted to the client through the cloud server in real time, the client can timely master the operation condition of the boiler blow-down system, and can timely adjust blow-down parameters through the client, so that a large amount of heat energy waste caused by the fault of the boiler blow-down system is prevented.
2) The invention monitors the input water quantity and the generated steam quantity of each boiler in real time to obtain the dynamic ratio relation of the input water quantity and the generated steam quantity, automatically calculates the sewage discharge quantity of the boiler according to the dynamic ratio relation, and adjusts the sewage discharge time and the sewage discharge speed according to the sewage discharge quantity. Because the invention automatically calculates the sewage discharge amount, compared with the prior art, the invention reduces the hysteresis caused by the control of the prior art and can realize the optimal sewage discharge control.
3) The invention stores the reference data into the controller, and the controller automatically calculates the sewage discharge quantity according to the dynamic ratio relation of the calculated water delivery quantity and the generated steam quantity, and the quantity can greatly reduce the hysteresis error caused by valve adjustment.
4) The boiler of the invention also has an automatic correction function. And the reference data is automatically corrected according to the detected water pollution discharge condition, so that the regulation and control accuracy is ensured.
5) The invention is provided with the slitting heat exchange device in the riser, separates the two-phase fluid into liquid phase and vapor phase through the slitting heat exchange device, divides the liquid phase into small liquid masses, divides the vapor phase into small bubbles, promotes the vapor phase to flow smoothly, plays a role in stabilizing the flow, has the effects of vibration reduction and noise reduction, and is equivalent to increasing the inner area in the riser by the slitting heat exchange device, strengthening the heat exchange and improving the heat exchange effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the automatic control of the sewerage system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of one embodiment of a heat exchange element of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the heat exchange elements of the present invention within the riser;
FIG. 4 is another schematic view of the arrangement of the dividing and heat exchange elements of the present invention within the riser;
fig. 5 is a flow chart of the control of the present invention.
The system comprises a steam drum 1, a water delivery pipe 2, a flow meter 3, a pressure meter 4, a temperature meter 5, a water quality analyzer 6, a valve adjusting device 7, a blow-down valve 8, a steam pipe 9, a blow-down pipe 10, a flow meter 11, a central monitoring and diagnosing controller 12, an ascending pipe 13, a heat exchange component 14, a hole 15, a flow meter 16, a cloud server 17 and a client 18.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings.
In this document, "/" denotes division and "×", "denotes multiplication, referring to formulas, if not specifically stated.
As shown in fig. 1, a boiler thermal system includes at least one boiler for generating steam, the boiler being in data communication with a supervisory diagnostic controller 12 for monitoring operation of the boiler. The monitoring diagnosis controller 12 is in data connection with the cloud server 17 so as to transmit monitored data to the cloud server 17, the cloud server 17 is connected with the client 18, and the client 18 can obtain various monitored information through the cloud server.
Preferably, the client 18 can input data to control the operation of the boiler system.
As shown in fig. 1, the boiler includes an automatic control sewage system, which periodically performs sewage drainage, and automatically controls according to the amount of steam generated from the boiler and the amount of water input into the boiler. The specific control system is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, the boiler includes a flow meter 3, a pressure gauge 4 and a temperature gauge 5 provided on a steam outlet line 9 for measuring the flow rate, pressure and temperature of the output steam. The flow meter 3, the pressure gauge 4 and the temperature gauge 5 are in data connection with a monitoring and diagnosing controller 12, respectively, so as to transmit measured data to the monitoring and diagnosing controller 12, and the steam quality per unit time is calculated in the monitoring and diagnosing controller according to the measured steam temperature, pressure and flow rate.
The boiler is including setting up the blow off pipe at boiler drum 1 lower extreme, sets up blowoff valve 8 on the blow off pipe, and valve adjusting device 7 is connected to blowoff valve 8 one end, and valve adjusting device 7 carries out data connection with control diagnosis controller 12 to give (including aperture size, on-off time and switching state etc.) control diagnosis controller 12 with valve aperture data transfer, receive the instruction from control diagnosis controller 12 simultaneously, adjust opening, closing and the aperture size of blowoff valve 8.
The sewage discharge pipe is further provided with a flowmeter 11 for measuring the flow of sewage discharge. The flow meter 11 is in data communication with a supervisory diagnostic controller 12 for communicating data to the supervisory diagnostic controller 12. The supervisory diagnostic controller 12 calculates the amount of sewage discharged per unit time based on the flow rate, thereby calculating the quality of the sewage discharged. The sewage discharge quality can be calculated by adopting the empirical sewage discharge density, and can also be calculated by specifically calling data stored in the controller 12 by measuring the temperature of the sewage discharge water (a temperature sensor is required to be arranged on a main sewage discharge pipe to measure the temperature of the sewage discharge water).
The main water inlet pipe 2 (including return water and water supplement) of the boiler is provided with a flowmeter 16 for detecting the flow of water entering the boiler, the flowmeter 16 is in data connection with the monitoring and diagnosing controller 12 so as to transmit the measured data to the monitoring and diagnosing controller 12, and the monitoring and diagnosing controller 12 calculates the flow of water entering the boiler in unit time according to the measured flow, thereby calculating the quality of the water entering the boiler in unit time. The water quality can be calculated by using the density of the water, or by measuring the temperature of the water (the total water inlet pipe 2 is required to be provided with a temperature sensor, and the temperature of the water is measured) to specifically call up the data stored in the controller 12.
Of course, the water entering the boiler is the sum of the water quantities of both the circulating return pipe and the water replenishing pipe. Preferably, flow meters in data connection with the monitoring and diagnostic controller 12 are provided on the makeup water pipe and the circulating water pipe, respectively, and the total amount of water entering the boiler per unit time is calculated by calculating the sum of the flow rates of the two. The invention can adopt various control strategies to control the sewage discharge amount.
The boiler periodically discharges the sewage, and the central diagnostic monitor automatically sets the discharge capacity according to the ratio of the steam quality to the quality of the water input into the boiler.
The sewage discharge amount is calculated by the sewage discharge speed and the sewage discharge time, namely the sewage discharge amount = the sewage discharge speed. The blowdown speed is preferably the blowdown mass per unit time as previously described, and is detected by the flow meter 11, and the blowdown time is calculated by controlling the time that the valve 8 is opened.
The control strategy is as follows:
the ratio of the steam quality calculated by the monitoring and diagnosing controller 12 to the quality of the water fed to the boiler is less than the lower limit value, which indicates that the sewage discharge rate is too high, so that the monitoring and diagnosing controller 12 closes the sewage discharge valve 8 through the valve adjusting device 7. Through the operation, the waste of energy caused by overlarge sewage discharge can be avoided. If the ratio of the steam quality to the quality of the water fed to the boiler is greater than the upper limit, indicating that the pollution discharge rate is too low and possibly affecting the life of the boiler, the central diagnostic monitor 12 automatically sets the amount of the discharged sewage based on the ratio of the steam quality to the quality of the water fed to the boiler.
Preferably, the monitoring and diagnosing controller 12 transmits the steam quality, the quality of the input boiler water, the ratio of the steam quality to the quality of the input boiler water, the sewage discharge speed and the sewage discharge time to the cloud server 17, and the cloud server 17 transmits the data to the client 18;
preferably, the client 18 manually inputs the sewage discharge time and the sewage discharge speed according to the obtained data, transmits the sewage discharge time and the sewage discharge speed to the monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 through the cloud server 17, and manually adjusts the sewage discharge amount through the monitoring and diagnosis controller 12.
Preferably, the blowdown speed is maintained constant and the central diagnostic monitor 12 automatically sets the blowdown time based on the ratio between the steam quality and the quality of the water input to the boiler.
Preferably, the client 18 manually inputs the sewage discharge time according to the obtained data and transmits the sewage discharge time to the monitoring and diagnosing controller 12 through the cloud server 17, and the sewage discharge amount is manually adjusted through the monitoring and diagnosing controller 12 under the condition that the sewage discharge speed is kept unchanged.
Preferably, the client 18 may transmit a preset sewage discharge speed to the monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 through the cloud server 17, and then use the set sewage discharge speed as the sewage discharge speed to be kept constant.
Preferably, the blowdown time is maintained constant and the central diagnostic monitor 12 automatically sets the blowdown speed based on the ratio between the steam quality and the quality of the water input to the boiler.
Preferably, the client 18 manually inputs the sewage discharge speed according to the obtained data and transmits the sewage discharge speed to the monitoring and diagnosing controller 12 through the cloud server 17, and the sewage discharge amount is manually adjusted through the monitoring and diagnosing controller 12 under the condition that the sewage discharge time is kept unchanged.
Preferably, the client 18 may transmit the preset sewage draining time to the monitoring diagnosis controller 12 through the cloud server 17, and then use the set sewage draining time as the sewage draining time to be kept unchanged.
If the ratio of the steam quality detected by the monitoring and diagnosing controller 12 to the water quality input to the boiler is still greater than the upper limit value after the pollution discharge, the boiler sends out a prompt signal. Preferably, the client receives a prompt signal sent by the boiler, and then the client determines whether the pollution discharge needs to be continued. If the sewage draining is continued, the client can input the sewage draining time and/or the sewage draining speed to drain the sewage.
Preferably, the discharge capacity is increased as the ratio between the steam quality and the quality of the water fed to the boiler increases, and the discharge capacity is increased more and more as the ratio between the steam quality and the quality of the water fed to the boiler increases.
In the research, the discharge capacity is increased with the increase of the ratio of the steam to the water mass of the boiler, and the increase is increased more and more, and it should be noted that the change rule is the first discovery by the applicant through a great deal of research and is improved according to the rule, which is not easy to be thought in the field and belongs to the invention point. Through the change of the relation between the discharge capacity increasing amplitude and the ratio between the steam quality and the quality of the water input into the boiler, the discharge capacity can correspond to the actual condition, and the discharge efficiency is improved as soon as possible.
Preferably, the blowdown speed is kept constant, the blowdown time is increased as the ratio between the mass of the steam and the mass of the water input to the boiler increases, and the blowdown time is increased more and more as the ratio between the mass of the steam and the mass of the water input to the boiler increases.
Preferably, the blowdown time is kept constant, the blowdown speed is continuously increased as the ratio between the mass of the steam and the mass of the water input to the boiler is increased, and the blowdown speed is continuously increased with a larger and larger amplitude as the ratio between the mass of the steam and the mass of the water input to the boiler is increased.
In practical research, it is found that an optimal relation is required between the ratio of the steam quality to the quality of water fed to the boiler and the sewage discharge amount, and if the ratio of the steam quality to the quality of water fed to the boiler is too large, the sewage discharge amount is inevitably required to be large, otherwise, the sewage discharge effect cannot be achieved. If the ratio of the steam quality to the water quality fed to the boiler is small, the requirement for the discharge capacity is also small, otherwise, heat is wasted. Therefore, the sewage discharge capacity cannot be too large or too small, the heat loss can be caused by the too large sewage discharge capacity, and the sewage discharge effect is not good due to the too small sewage discharge capacity. Therefore, the proper sewage discharge amount needs to be accurately determined. According to the invention, through a large number of numerical calculations and experimental studies, the relation between the optimal ratio of the steam quality to the quality of water input into the boiler and the discharge capacity is obtained.
The central diagnostic monitor 12 stores reference data: mass of steam MSteam generating deviceMass M of water fed to the boilerWater (W)And blowdown time T, blowdown speed V (i.e., blowdown water flow rate), which is the ratio M between the mass of steam and the mass of water input to the boilerSteam generating device/MWater (W)Under the condition, the sewage discharge amount V T meets the sewage discharge requirement.
The reference data represents data satisfying a certain exhaust condition. For example, the requirement of meeting the water quality within a certain range, or the requirement of minimum sewage discharge under the condition of meeting a certain water quality, and the like can be met.
If the steam quality becomes mSteam generating deviceThe mass of water fed into the boiler becomes mWater (W)Meanwhile, the sewage discharge time t and the sewage discharge speed v meet one of three different operation modes as follows:
first mode (blowdown speed remains unchanged): v keeping the reference speed V unchanged, and changing the sewage discharge time as follows:
t=T*(（msteam generating device/mWater (W)）*（MWater (W)/ MSteam generating device）)cWherein c is a parameter, 1.02<c<1.05; preferably, c =1.04;
second mode (blowdown time remaining unchanged): t keeps the reference time T unchanged, and the sewage discharge speed is changed as follows:
v / V =(（msteam generating device/mWater (W)）*（MWater (W)/ MSteam generating device）)dWherein d is a parameter, 1.04<d<1.07, preferably, d =1.053
In the third mode: v and t are variable, and the relation between the sewage discharge time and the sewage discharge speed is as follows:
(v*t)/(V*T)=a*(（msteam generating device/mWater (W)）*（MWater (W)/ MSteam generating device）)bWherein a and b are parameters, and the following formula is satisfied:
（msteam generating device/mWater (W)）*（MWater (W)/ MSteam generating device）<1,0.96<a<1.0;
（mSteam generating device/mWater (W)）*（MWater (W)/ MSteam generating device）=1, a=1；
（mSteam generating device/mWater (W)）*（MWater (W)/ MSteam generating device）>1, 1.0<a<1.05;
Wherein the following conditions need to be satisfied in the formulas of the above three modes: 0.85<（mSteam generating device/mWater (W)）*（MWater (W)/ MSteam generating device）<1.15；
In the above formula, the temperature MSteam generating device、mSteam generating deviceIs the mass of steam produced per unit time in Kg/s, MWater (W)、mWater (W)The unit is the mass of water input in unit time, the unit is Kg/s, the sewage discharge speed V, V is the speed of discharged sewage, the unit is m/s, and the unit of sewage discharge time T, T is s.
Preferably, the client may select the operation mode.
The reference data is stored in the central diagnostic monitor 12.
Preferably, the central diagnostic monitor 12 stores a plurality of sets of reference data.
Preferably, when multiple groups of reference data meet requirements, the client can manually select the reference data according to the obtained data, the selected reference data are transmitted to the monitoring and diagnosing controller through the cloud server, and the sewage discharge amount is manually adjusted through the monitoring and diagnosing controller.
Preferably, the first mode selects (1-T/T) when a plurality of sets of reference data are satisfied2A set of t with the smallest value; of course, a first group of t satisfying the requirement may be selected, or a group may be randomly selected from t satisfying the condition;
preferably, the second mode selects (1-V/V) when a plurality of sets of reference data are satisfied2A set v with the smallest value of (a); of course, a first group of v satisfying the requirement may be selected, or a group of v satisfying the condition may be randomly selected;
preferably, the third mode is selected ((1-V/V)2+（1－t/T）2) A set v and t with the smallest value of (a); of course, a first group of v and t satisfying the requirement may be selected, or a group of v and t satisfying the condition may be randomly selected;
in practical application, multiple sets of references are stored in the programmable controllerData, then the central diagnostic monitor 12 detects the input data (m)Steam generating device/mWater (W)）*（MWater (W)/ MSteam generating device) At the condition of satisfying 0.85<（mSteam generating device/mWater (W)）*（MWater (W)/ MSteam generating device）<1.15, automatically selecting proper reference data as basis.
Preferably, an interface for user-selected reference data may be provided, preferably, the system may automatically select ((1-S/S)2+（1－l/L）2) The smallest value of (c).
The three modes may be stored in the programmable controller only one, or may be stored in the programmable controller two or three.
More preferably, when (m)Steam generating device/mWater (W)）*（MWater (W)/ MSteam generating device）<1, a=0.974；1.03<b<1.06。
More preferably, when (m)Steam generating device/mWater (W)）*（MWater (W)/ MSteam generating device）>1, a=1.03；1.06<b<1.08。
Preferably, the steam drum 1 further comprises a water quality analyzer 6 to measure the water quality within the steam drum. The water quality analyzer 6 is in data connection with a monitoring and diagnostic controller 12 in order to receive measured data. The monitoring diagnosis controller 12 transmits the measured water quality to the cloud server 17, and the client 18 can obtain the water quality information through the cloud server 17.
Preferably, the client can determine whether pollution discharge is needed according to the obtained water quality information.
Preferably, the boiler also has a correction function. Preferably, when the periodic sewage draining is required, if the sewage draining amount does not reach the reference sewage draining amount, and the water quality detected by the monitoring and diagnosing controller 12 meets the water quality requirement, the monitoring and diagnosing controller 12 controls the sewage draining valve to close, and if the sewage draining amount is less than the reference sewage draining amount (i.e. V x T) by a certain error, for example, preferably 5%, the monitoring and diagnosing controller 12 automatically stores the new sewage draining time, sewage draining speed and ratio between the steam quality and the quality of the water input to the boiler as reference data in the monitoring and diagnosing controller 12. Preferably, the change information of the reference data is transmitted to the client. Before storing the new reference data information, the client may perform information confirmation to confirm whether the new reference data needs to be stored.
If the sewage discharge amount reaches the reference sewage discharge amount, but the sewage discharge quality does not meet the requirement, the monitoring and diagnosing controller 12 controls the sewage discharge valve to continuously discharge sewage until the water quality detected by the monitoring and diagnosing controller 12 meets the water quality requirement, the monitoring and diagnosing controller 12 controls the sewage discharge valve to be closed, and if the sewage discharge amount is larger than the reference sewage discharge amount (namely V x T) by a certain error, for example, 5% is preferred, the monitoring and diagnosing controller 12 automatically stores new sewage discharge time, sewage discharge speed and the ratio between the steam quality and the quality of water input into the boiler as reference data in the monitoring and diagnosing controller 12. Preferably, the change information of the reference data is transmitted to the client. Before storing the new reference data information, the client may perform information confirmation to confirm whether the new reference data needs to be stored.
The correction function described above may be performed periodically or may be performed automatically during operation.
Preferably, the client may check whether the above-described correction function is performed.
Preferably, the new reference data is stored with a higher priority than the previous reference data.
Preferably, after storing the new reference data, the previous reference data is automatically deleted.
The steam pocket is connected with riser 13, set up the interval in riser 13 and be provided with a plurality of heat transfer parts 14 of cutting, cut heat transfer part 14 as shown in fig. 2, 3, cut heat transfer part 14 is the integrated structure spare that extends along riser 13 direction of height, cut heat transfer part is last to be provided with the hole 15 of a plurality of quantity, hole 15 link up cut heat transfer part in riser direction of height.
The fluid in the ascending pipe is generally in a vapor-liquid two-phase flow in an upward process, so that the fluid in the ascending pipe is a vapor-liquid mixture, and the heat absorption efficiency of the ascending pipe is influenced by the existence of the vapor-liquid two-phase flow. On the other hand, in the section from the outlet of the ascending pipe to the upper drum, because the space of the section is suddenly enlarged, the change of the space can cause the gas to rapidly flow out and gather upwards, so the change of the space can cause the gathered vapor phase (vapor mass) to enter the upper drum from the position of the ascending pipe, the vapor mass moves rapidly upwards from the position of the connecting pipe due to the poor liquid density of the vapor (vapor), and the original space position of the vapor mass is pushed by the liquid of the vapor mass away from the wall surface and also rapidly rebounds and impacts the wall surface to form an impact phenomenon. The more discontinuous the gas (vapor) liquid phase, the larger the mass of gas is gathered and the greater the impact energy. The impact phenomenon can cause larger noise vibration and mechanical impact, and damage to equipment.
The invention arranges the dividing and cutting heat exchange component in the riser, separates the liquid phase and the vapor phase in the two-phase fluid through the dividing and cutting heat exchange component, divides the liquid phase into small liquid lumps, divides the vapor phase into small bubbles, avoids the complete separation of the liquid phase and the vapor phase, promotes the smooth flow of the liquid phase vapor phase, plays the role of stabilizing the flow and has the effects of vibration reduction and noise reduction.
By arranging the slitting heat exchange component, the invention equivalently increases the internal heat exchange area in the ascending pipe 13, strengthens the heat exchange and improves the heat exchange effect.
The invention divides the vapor-liquid two phases at all cross section positions of the ascending pipe 13, thereby realizing the contact area of the vapor-liquid interface and the vapor phase boundary layer on the whole ascending pipe section and the cooling wall surface, enhancing disturbance, greatly reducing noise and vibration and strengthening heat transfer.
Preferably, small holes are provided between adjacent holes 15 to achieve communication. Through setting up the aperture, can guarantee to communicate each other between the adjacent hole, pressure between the hole of can the uniform pressure for the fluid flow direction low pressure of high pressure runner, also can further separate liquid phase and vapor phase when the fluid flows simultaneously, be favorable to further stabilizing two-phase flow.
Preferably, a plurality of divided heat exchange portions 14 are provided in the rising pipe 13 along the flow direction of the fluid in the rising pipe 13 (i.e., the height direction in FIG. 4), from the inlet of the rising pipe to the rising pipeThe distance between the outlet and the adjacent slitting heat exchange parts is shorter and shorter. Setting the distance from the inlet of the ascending pipe to be H, the distance between adjacent slitting heat exchange parts to be S, and S = F1(H) I.e. S is a function with distance H as a variable, S' is the first derivative of S, satisfying the following requirements:
S’<0;
the main reason is that the gas in the ascending pipe carries liquid in the ascending process, the ascending pipe is continuously heated in the ascending process, so that more and more gas in gas-liquid two-phase flow is caused, the gas phase in the gas-liquid two-phase flow is increased, the heat exchange capacity in the ascending pipe is relatively weakened along with the increase of the gas phase, and the vibration and the noise are also continuously increased along with the increase of the gas phase. The distance between adjacent heat exchanging element portions is therefore required to be shorter and shorter.
Furthermore, from the outlet of the rising pipe 13 to the section of the steam drum 1, because the space of the section is suddenly enlarged, the change of the space can cause the gas to rapidly flow out and gather upwards, so the change of the space can cause the gathered vapor phase (steam mass) to enter the condensation header from the position of the rising pipe, the gas mass moves rapidly upwards from the position of the connecting pipe due to the poor liquid density of the gas (steam), and the liquid at the original space position of the gas mass pushed away from the wall surface by the gas mass can also rapidly rebound and impact the wall surface to form an impact phenomenon. The more discontinuous the gas (vapor) liquid phase, the larger the gas mass accumulation and the larger the water hammer energy. The impact phenomenon can cause larger noise vibration and mechanical impact, and damage to equipment. In order to avoid this phenomenon, the distance between adjacent heat exchanger element is shorter and shorter, so that the gas phase and the liquid phase are separated continuously in the fluid conveying process, thereby reducing vibration and noise to the maximum extent.
Through the experiment discovery, through foretell setting, both can reduce vibrations and noise to the at utmost, can improve the heat transfer effect simultaneously.
It is further preferred that the distance between adjacent dividing and heat exchange elements increases from the inlet of the rising pipe to the outlet of the rising pipe. I.e. S "is the second derivative of S, the following requirements are met:
S”>0;
through the experiment, the vibration and the noise of about 9 percent can be further reduced, and the heat exchange effect of about 7 percent is improved.
Preferably, the length of each of the heat transfer element sections 14 is kept constant.
Preferably, other parameters of the heat transfer section (e.g., length, tube diameter, etc.) are maintained, except for the distance between adjacent heat transfer section 14.
Preferably, a plurality of the heat-transfer element sections 14 are arranged in the rising pipe along the flow direction of the fluid in the rising pipe (the fluid flows in the upward direction), and the length of the heat-transfer element sections 14 increases from the inlet of the rising pipe to the outlet of the rising pipe. Namely, the length of the slitting heat exchange part is C, C = F2(X), C' is the first derivative of C, and meets the following requirements:
C’>0;
it is further preferred that the lengths of the heat transfer element parts are increased from the inlet of the rising pipe to the outlet of the rising pipe. I.e., C "is the second derivative of C, the following requirement is satisfied:
C”>0;
for instance the same variation in the distance between adjacent heat transfer element portions.
Preferably, the distance between adjacent heat transfer element sections is kept constant.
Preferably, other parameters of the heat transfer component (e.g., adjacent spacing, tube diameter, etc.) are maintained, other than the length of the heat transfer component.
Preferably, a plurality of the heat transfer element sections are arranged in the riser in the direction of flow of the fluid in the riser, i.e. in the direction of extension of the riser, the diameter of the holes 15 in the different heat transfer element sections 14 decreasing from the inlet of the riser to the outlet of the riser. Namely, the diameter of the hole of the slitting heat exchange component is D, D = F3(X), D' is the first derivative of D, and the following requirements are met:
D’<0;
preferably, the hole diameters of the different partial heat exchange elements increase progressively from the inlet of the riser to the outlet of the riser. Namely, it is
D' is the second derivative of D, and meets the following requirements:
D”>0。
for instance the same variation in the distance between adjacent heat transfer element portions.
Preferably, the length of the heat transfer element and the distance between adjacent heat transfer elements are kept constant.
Preferably, other parameters of the heat transfer component (e.g., length, distance between adjacent heat transfer component, etc.) are maintained, except for the diameter of the holes of the heat transfer component.
Further preferably, as shown in fig. 4, the riser is internally provided with a groove, and the outer wall of the section heat exchange part 14 is arranged in the groove.
More preferably, as shown in fig. 4, the riser tube is formed by welding a plurality of stages, and a divided heat exchange part 14 is provided at the joint of the plurality of stages. The way makes the manufacture of the ascending pipe provided with the split heat exchange parts simple and reduces the cost.
Analysis and experiments show that the spacing between the slitting heat exchange components cannot be too large, the damping and noise reduction effects are poor if the spacing is too large, the damping and noise reduction effects are not good if the spacing is too small, the resistance is too large if the spacing is too small, and similarly, the outer diameter of the hole cannot be too large or too small, and the damping and noise reduction effects are poor or the resistance is too large, so that the damping and noise reduction effects are optimized under the condition that normal flow resistance (the total pressure bearing is less than 2.5MPa or the on-way resistance of a single ascending pipe is less than or equal to 5 Pa/M) is preferentially met through a large number of experiments, and the optimal relation of each parameter is arranged.
The hole is circular, and as preferred, the distance between the adjacent heat transfer parts of cutting is J, and the length of cutting heat transfer part is L, and the internal diameter of tedge is M, and the radius of hole is A, and distance B between the adjacent hole centre of circle satisfies following requirement:
J/L＝f-g*LN(M/（2*A）)；
B/（2*A） =h*(M/（2*A）)-i*(M/（2*A）)2-e
wherein LN is a logarithmic function, f, g, h, i, e are parameters, wherein 3.0< f <3.5,0.5< g < 0.6; 2.9< h <3.1,0.33< i <0.37,4.8< e < 5.3;
the pitch J of the slitting heat exchange parts is the distance between two opposite ends of the adjacent slitting heat exchange parts; i.e. the distance between the tail end of the front slitting heat exchange component and the front end of the rear slitting heat exchange component. See in particular the label of fig. 3.
34<M<58mm；
4<A<6mm;
17<L<25mm；
32<J<40mm；
1.05<B/（2*A）<1.25。
Preferably, f =3.20, g = 0.54, h =3.03, i =0.35, and e = 5.12.
Preferably, the length of the riser is between 3000 and 8500 mm. More preferably, 4500-5500 mm.
Further preferred, 40mm < M <50 mm;
9mm<2A<10mm;
22mm<L<24mm；
35mm<J<38mm。
by optimizing the optimal geometric dimension of the formula, the optimal effect of shock absorption and noise reduction can be achieved under the condition of meeting the normal flow resistance.
Further preferably, f is continuously decreased and g is continuously increased as M/A is increased.
For other parameters, such as the wall thickness of the pipe and the wall thickness of the shell, the parameters are set according to normal standards.
Preferably, the holes 15 extend over the entire length of the heat exchanger element 14. I.e. the length of the holes 15 is equal to the length of the heat exchanger element 14.
Preferably, in the case that the included angle formed by the ascending pipe and the horizontal plane is C, the data can be corrected by increasing a correction coefficient k, namely
k* J/L＝f-g*LN(M/（2*A）)；k=1/sin(C)dWherein 0.09<d<0.11, preferably d =0.10。
20 < C <80, preferably 40-60.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. A boiler system comprises a central diagnostic monitor and a boiler, wherein the boiler comprises a flow meter, a pressure meter and a temperature meter which are arranged on a steam outlet pipeline and are used for measuring the flow rate, the pressure and the temperature of output steam; the flow meter, the pressure gauge and the temperature gauge are respectively in data connection with the monitoring and diagnosing controller so as to transmit the measured data to the monitoring and diagnosing controller, and the steam quality in unit time is calculated in the monitoring and diagnosing controller according to the measured steam temperature, pressure and flow rate;
the boiler comprises a blow-off pipe connected with a boiler steam drum, a blow-off valve is arranged on the blow-off pipe, one end of the blow-off valve is connected with a valve adjusting device, and the valve adjusting device is in data connection with the monitoring and diagnosing controller so as to transmit the opening data of the blow-off valve to the monitoring and diagnosing controller and receive an instruction from the monitoring and diagnosing controller to adjust the opening of the blow-off valve;
the main water inlet pipe of the boiler is provided with a flowmeter for detecting the flow entering the boiler, the flowmeter is in data connection with the monitoring and diagnosing controller so as to transmit the measured data to the monitoring and diagnosing controller, and the monitoring and diagnosing controller calculates the mass of water entering the boiler in unit time according to the measured flow;
the boiler periodically discharges sewage, and the central diagnostic monitor automatically sets the sewage discharge time and the sewage discharge speed according to the ratio of the steam quality to the quality of water input into the boiler, so that the sewage discharge amount is automatically controlled; it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the sewage discharge amount is continuously increased along with the increase of the ratio of the steam quality to the quality of the water input into the boiler, and the sewage discharge amount is continuously increased along with the increase of the ratio of the steam quality to the quality of the water input into the boiler with larger amplitude;
the monitoring diagnosis controller is in data connection with the cloud server so as to transmit monitored data to the cloud server, the cloud server is connected with the client, and the client can obtain the monitored data through the cloud server;
the steam pocket is connected with an ascending pipe and a descending pipe, a plurality of slitting heat exchange components are arranged in the ascending pipe at intervals, the slitting heat exchange components extend along the height direction of the ascending pipe, a plurality of holes are formed in the slitting heat exchange components, and the holes penetrate through the slitting heat exchange components in the height direction of the ascending pipe; a plurality of slitting heat exchange components are arranged in the ascending pipe, and the distance between every two adjacent slitting heat exchange components is shorter and shorter from the inlet of the ascending pipe to the outlet of the ascending pipe.
2. The boiler system of claim 1, wherein the supervisory diagnostic controller transmits the steam quality, the quality of the input boiler water, and the ratio of the steam quality to the quality of the input boiler water, the blowdown speed, the blowdown time to the cloud server, the cloud server transmitting the data to the client;
the client manually inputs the sewage discharge time and the sewage discharge speed according to the obtained data, transmits the sewage discharge time and the sewage discharge speed to the monitoring diagnosis controller through the cloud server, and manually adjusts the sewage discharge amount through the monitoring diagnosis controller.
3. The boiler system according to claim 1, wherein at the start of the periodic blowdown, if a ratio between the quality of the steam detected by the monitoring and diagnosis controller and the quality of the water introduced into the boiler is less than an upper limit value, the monitoring and diagnosis controller closes the blowdown valve through the valve adjusting device; if the ratio of the steam quality detected by the monitoring diagnosis controller to the quality of the water input into the boiler is larger than the upper limit value, the central diagnosis monitor automatically sets the sewage discharge amount according to the ratio of the steam quality to the quality of the water input into the boiler.
4. A boiler system according to claim 3, characterized in that the boiler emits a warning signal if, after the blowdown, the ratio between the quality of the steam detected by the monitoring and diagnostic controller and the quality of the water fed to the boiler remains greater than the upper limit value.
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| CN201810816186.6A CN109140414B (en) | 2017-06-05 | 2017-06-05 | Cloud computing boiler system with gradually increased sewage discharge capacity |
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| CN201810816186.6A CN109140414B (en) | 2017-06-05 | 2017-06-05 | Cloud computing boiler system with gradually increased sewage discharge capacity |
| CN201710415438.XA CN107101191B (en) | 2017-06-05 | 2017-06-05 | A kind of cloud computing boiler blow-out system |
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| CN109140414B true CN109140414B (en) | 2020-04-17 |
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| CN201810816186.6A Expired - Fee Related CN109140414B (en) | 2017-06-05 | 2017-06-05 | Cloud computing boiler system with gradually increased sewage discharge capacity |
| CN201810816311.3A Expired - Fee Related CN108980809B (en) | 2017-06-05 | 2017-06-05 | According to the cloud computing boiler system of steam-water ratio auto-control blowdown |
| CN201710415438.XA Expired - Fee Related CN107101191B (en) | 2017-06-05 | 2017-06-05 | A kind of cloud computing boiler blow-out system |
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| CN201710415438.XA Expired - Fee Related CN107101191B (en) | 2017-06-05 | 2017-06-05 | A kind of cloud computing boiler blow-out system |
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| CN108592003A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-09-28 | 江苏德克沃热力设备有限公司 | A kind of module steam engine with blowdown apparatus |
| CN115167190B (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2023-06-27 | 青岛华节鼎孚节能科技有限公司 | Boiler water artificial intelligent management system and application thereof |
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- 2017-06-05 CN CN201810819470.9A patent/CN108980810B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2017-06-05 CN CN201810816186.6A patent/CN109140414B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2017-06-05 CN CN201810816311.3A patent/CN108980809B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN109140414A (en) | 2019-01-04 |
| CN108980809B (en) | 2019-07-23 |
| CN108980809A (en) | 2018-12-11 |
| CN108980810A (en) | 2018-12-11 |
| CN107101191B (en) | 2018-07-03 |
| CN107101191A (en) | 2017-08-29 |
| CN108980810B (en) | 2020-04-17 |
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