CN107166366B - The boiler system of intelligent pH value control of sewage disposal time - Google Patents

The boiler system of intelligent pH value control of sewage disposal time Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107166366B
CN107166366B CN201710439395.9A CN201710439395A CN107166366B CN 107166366 B CN107166366 B CN 107166366B CN 201710439395 A CN201710439395 A CN 201710439395A CN 107166366 B CN107166366 B CN 107166366B
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China
Prior art keywords
blowdown
standard
monitoring
value
boiler
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CN201710439395.9A
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CN107166366A (en
Inventor
刘彦臣
余后明
杜洋
刘勇
齐超
宋金圣
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North University of China
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North University of China
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Priority to CN201710439395.9A priority Critical patent/CN107166366B/en
Priority to CN201811174108.7A priority patent/CN109373303A/en
Priority to CN201811174808.6A priority patent/CN109373306A/en
Publication of CN107166366A publication Critical patent/CN107166366A/en
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Publication of CN107166366B publication Critical patent/CN107166366B/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B35/00—Control systems for steam boilers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/56—Boiler cleaning control devices, e.g. for ascertaining proper duration of boiler blow-down
    • F22B37/565—Blow-down control, e.g. for ascertaining proper duration of boiler blow-down
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/42—Applications, arrangements, or dispositions of alarm or automatic safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/48—Devices for removing water, salt, or sludge from boilers; Arrangements of cleaning apparatus in boilers; Combinations thereof with boilers
    • F22B37/54—De-sludging or blow-down devices

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of automatic control boiler systems, including monitoring and diagnosis controller and boiler, the boiler includes the sewage pipe that boiler drum lower end is arranged in, blowdown valve is set on sewage pipe, blowdown valve one end connecting valve regulating device, adjustment mechanism for valve and monitoring and diagnosis controller carry out data connection, so that valve opening data are passed to monitoring and diagnosis controller, receive instruction from monitoring and diagnosis controller simultaneously, adjusts the aperture of blowdown valve；The drum further includes Water Test Kits, and the Water Test Kits includes pH value test cell, and to measure the pH value of the water in drum, the Water Test Kits and monitoring and diagnosis controller carry out data connection, to receive the PH data of measurement；The boiler periodically carries out blowdown, and blowdown speed remains unchanged, and the central diagnosis monitor sets blowing time according to the pH value of measurement automatically, to automatically control blowdown flow rate.The present invention can be realized optimal blowdown control because being that automatic calculating blowing time reduces hysteresis quality compared with prior art.

Description

The boiler system of intelligent pH value control of sewage disposal time
Technical field
The invention belongs to automatic control boiler fields, belong to the field F22.
Background technique
In operation, with the output of steam, pot water is concentrated steam boiler.When salinity increases to a certain extent, Pot water can generate foam, and priming occurs, and steam causes serious false water level largely with water, keep furnace control unstable. Therefore the salt concentration of pot water must be controlled, it is ensured that quality of steam and boiler operatiopn safety.
There is national standard in China to Industrial Boiler water quality, such as in GB1576-2001, to pressure be 1.6~ 2.5Mpa, the steam boiler with superheater are, it is specified that the dissolved solid concentration (TDS) of pot water must not exceed 2500mg/L.Wherein, It is a pot water salt content that dissolved solid, which can be approximately considered,.
The main method of control pot water salt content is, in operation with the output of steam, using the method for surface blow-off, The high pot water of a part of salinity is discharged in the downside of drum evaporating surface, and the accordingly low make-up water of supplement salinity, realization pair The dilution of pot water salinity.If blowdown flow rate is insufficient, the salinity of pot water can be higher and higher；Conversely, if blowdown flow rate is excessive, What it is because of discharge is the pot water containing a large amount of thermal energy, will cause the waste of energy loss and soft water resource.The optimal side of energy-saving and emission-reduction Case is that it is up to standard to control boiler water quality with the smallest blowdown flow rate, it is ensured that safe operation improves the thermal efficiency.
Most domestic Industrial Boiler opens or closes blowdown valve using artificial timing (per tour is once or several times).This biography The method for discharging pollution of system cannot achieve the control on demand of blowdown flow rate.It, generally can only be by maximum possibility in face of the variation of steam flow Evaporation capacity excess emitters, cause energy waste.Even so, it is centainly qualified that pot water is still difficult to guarantee when load variations are big.
To realize on-demand automatic pollution discharge, both at home and abroad all in research autocontrol method.Such as 201510601501X is according to pot The steam-water ratio of furnace carries out automatic pollution discharge, but existing method for discharging pollution is all that a certain parameter reaches a certain level at present, is beaten automatically Blowdown valve is opened, when a certain parameter drops to a certain lower bound, closes blowdown valve.Though this interval-automatic method for discharging pollution is than artificial timing Blowdown improves to some extent, but the salt content fluctuation up and down in high and low limit section always, and because of the hysteresis quality that data control, still There are certain excessive emissions or discharge insufficient, is not optimal blowdown control program.
For above-mentioned defect, the present invention provides a kind of boiler systems of the blowdown of new intelligent control.
Summary of the invention
The present invention calculates the blowdown flow rate of boiler according to the size of pH value by the pH value of real time monitoring boiler drum automatically, Blowing time and blowdown speed are adjusted according to blowdown flow rate.
To achieve the goals above, technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of boiler system, including monitoring and diagnosis controller and boiler, the boiler include being arranged in boiler drum lower end Sewage pipe, blowdown valve, blowdown valve one end connecting valve regulating device, adjustment mechanism for valve and monitoring and diagnosis are set on sewage pipe Controller carries out data connection, so that valve opening data are passed to monitoring and diagnosis controller, while controlling from monitoring and diagnosis Device receives instruction, adjusts the aperture of blowdown valve；
The drum further includes Water Test Kits, and the Water Test Kits includes pH value test cell, to measure in drum Water pH value, the Water Test Kits and monitoring and diagnosis controller carry out data connection, to receive the PH data of measurement；
The boiler periodically carries out blowdown, and blowdown speed remains unchanged, and the central diagnosis monitor is according to the PH of measurement The automatic setting blowing time of value, to automatically control blowdown flow rate.
Preferably, when starting periodically to carry out blowdown, if the pH value of monitoring and diagnosis controller detection is less than limit value, Then monitoring and diagnosis controller closes blowdown valve by adjustment mechanism for valve；If the basicity value of monitoring and diagnosis controller detection is greater than Limit value, the central diagnosis monitor set blowdown flow rate according to pH value automatically.
Preferably, if the pH value of monitoring and diagnosis controller detection is still greater than limit value, then boiler is sent out after blowdown Alarm signal out.
Preferably, with the increase of pH value, blowdown speed is continuously increased, and with the increase of pH value, blowdown speed Ever-increasing amplitude is smaller and smaller.
Preferably, blowdown flow rate control mode is as follows:
Central diagnosis monitor is stored in reference data pH value J and blowing time T, blowdown speed V, is the pH value of water in drum For the blowdown flow rate V*T met the requirements when J,
When then pH value becomes j, blowing time t and blowdown speed v meet following require:
V keeps reference speed V constant, and blowing time variation is as follows:
T/T=c*Ln((j-JStandard)/(J-JStandard))+d, wherein c, d are parameter；
(j-JStandard)/(J-JStandard)<1,1.04<c<1.0457,1.01>d>1;
(j-JStandard)/(J-JStandard) =1, d=1；
(j-JStandard)/(J-JStandard)>1, 1.0457<c<1.05；1.0>d>0.99;
Need to meet following condition: 0.85 < (j-J in above-mentioned formulaStandard)/(J-JStandard) <1.15；
In above-mentioned formula, blowdown speed V, v are the sewage speed of discharge, and the unit of unit m/s, blowing time T, t are s。
Preferably, JStandardFor 10-11.
Preferably, (j-JStandard)/(J-JStandard) <1, c=1.0442,d=1.0064。
Preferably, (j-JStandard)/(J-JStandard)>1, c=1.0483,d=0.9985。
Preferably, with (j-JStandard)/(J-JStandard) increase, with (j-JStandard)/(J-JStandard) increase, c is increasing, d It is smaller and smaller.
Compared with prior art, boiler system of the invention has the advantage that
1) PH data of the present invention by the drum water of every boiler of real time monitoring, the automatic blowdown flow rate for calculating boiler, In the case that blowdown speed remains unchanged, blowing time is adjusted according to blowdown flow rate.The present invention because be it is automatic calculate blowdown flow rate, Compared with prior art, hysteresis quality is reduced, can be realized optimal blowdown control.
2) reference data is stored in controller by the present invention, and controller calculates blowdown quantity according to PH data automatically, this number Amount will be greatly reduced because of valve regulated and bring hysteresis quality error.
3) boiler of the invention also has zero offset capability.Base value is corrected automatically according to the water quality blowdown situation of detection According to, guarantee regulation accuracy.
4) the interior heat-exchanger rig of present invention providing holes in tedge, is separated into liquid for two-phase fluid by interior heat-exchanger rig Phase and vapour phase, are divided into small liquid group for liquid phase, vapour phase are divided into minute bubbles, promotes vapour phase smooth outflow, plays regime flow Effect, have the effect of vibration and noise reducing, and the present invention is equivalent to and is increased in tedge by setting cutting heat-exchanger rig Inner area, enhances heat exchange, improves heat transfer effect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that drainage of the present invention automatically controls；
Fig. 2 is the schematic view of the front view of build-in components one embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is build-in components of the present invention arrangement schematic diagram in tedge；
Fig. 4 is another schematic diagram that build-in components of the present invention are arranged in tedge；
Fig. 5 is the flow diagram that the present invention controls.
1 drum, 2 water-supply-pipes, 3 flowmeters, 4 pressure gauges, 5 thermometers, 6 Water Test Kits, 7 adjustment mechanism for valve, 8 blowdowns Valve, 9 steam pipes, 10 sewage pipes, 11 flowmeters, 12 central monitoring diagnosing controllers, 13 tedges, 14 build-in components, 15 holes, 16 Flowmeter
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Herein, if without specified otherwise, it is related to formula, "/" indicates that division, "×", " * " indicate multiplication.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of boiler thermodynamic system, the boiler thermodynamic system includes an at least boiler, for generating Steam, the boiler and monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 carry out data connection, so that the operation to boiler is monitored.
As shown in Figure 1, the boiler includes automatically controlling drainage, the boiler periodically carries out blowdown, described automatic Control of sewage disposal system is carried out automatically controlling according to the pH value of water in boiler drum.Specific control system is as follows:
As shown in Figure 1, the boiler includes the flowmeter 3, pressure gauge 4 and thermometer being arranged on steam (vapor) outlet pipeline 9 5, for measuring flow velocity, the pressure and temperature of output steam.The flowmeter 3, pressure gauge 4 and thermometer 5 are examined with monitoring respectively Disconnected controller 12 carries out data connection, so that the data of measurement are passed to monitoring and diagnosis controller 12, controls in monitoring and diagnosis According to the vapor (steam) temperature of measurement, pressure, the quality of steam of flow relocity calculation unit time in device.
The boiler includes the sewage pipe that 1 lower end of boiler drum is arranged in, and blowdown valve 8, blowdown valve 8 one is arranged on sewage pipe Connecting valve regulating device 7 is held, adjustment mechanism for valve 7 and monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 carry out data connection, to open valve Degree evidence passes to (including opening size, opening/closing time and open and-shut mode etc.) monitoring and diagnosis controller 12, while examining from monitoring Disconnected controller 12 receives instruction, adjusts opening, closing and the opening size of blowdown valve 8.
The drum further includes Water Test Kits 6, and the Water Test Kits includes pH value test cell, to measure in drum Water pH value, the Water Test Kits and monitoring and diagnosis controller carry out data connection, to receive the PH data of measurement.
Further comprise flowmeter 11 on the sewage pipe, measures the flow of blowdown.The flowmeter 11 and monitoring and diagnosis Controller 12 carries out data connection, to pass data to monitoring and diagnosis controller 12.Monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 is according to stream Meter calculates the blowdown flow rate of unit time, to calculate unit time blowdown quality.Blowdown quality can use the row of experience The density of sewage calculates, and (can also need to be arranged in total blown pipe temperature sensor, measurement row by measurement blowdown coolant-temperature gage The temperature of sewage) specifically the data stored in controller 12 is called to calculate.
The water inlet manifold 2(of the boiler includes return water and moisturizing) on be arranged flowmeter 16, for detect enter boiler in Water flow, the flowmeter 16 carries out data connection with monitoring and diagnosis controller 12, to pass to the data of measurement Monitoring and diagnosis controller 12, monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 enter the stream of the water of boiler according to the flow rate calculation unit time of measurement Amount, to calculate the quality that the unit time enters the water of boiler.The quality of water can be calculated using the density of water, can also be with Temperature (needing water inlet manifold 2 that temperature sensor is arranged, to measure the temperature of water) by measuring water specifically is called controller 12 The data of middle storage calculate.
It certainly, is the water summation of both recirculation return pipe and water supply pipe into the water of boiler.Preferably, can mend The flowmeter with 12 data connection of monitoring and diagnosis controller is respectively set on water pipe and circulating water pipe, by calculate both flow it With so that the unit of account time enters the total water of boiler.The present invention can be using various control strategy come control of sewage disposal amount.
The boiler periodically carries out blowdown, and the central diagnosis monitor sets blowdown according to the PH data of detection automatically Amount.
The blowdown flow rate is calculated by blowdown speed and blowing time, i.e. blowdown flow rate=blowdown speed * blowing time.Institute It states blowdown speed and is preferably mentioned-above unit time blowdown quality, detected by flowmeter 11, the blowing time is logical The time of the opening of control valve 8 is spent to calculate.
Control strategy is as follows:
When starting periodically to carry out blowdown, the numerical value for the PH that monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 detects is less than lower limit value, then shows not Need blowdown, if therefore monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 by adjustment mechanism for valve 7 close blowdown valve 8(blowdown valve close, directly Keep blowdown valve closing state)., can be excessive to avoid blowdown by aforesaid operations, cause the waste of the energy.If the PH of detection Value is greater than upper limit value, then demonstrates the need for blowdown, may will affect the service life of boiler, and the central diagnosis monitor 12 is according to steam Ratio between the quality of the water of quality and input boiler sets blowdown flow rate automatically.
If after blowdown, the pH value that monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 detects still is greater than limit value, then boiler issues prompt Signal.
Preferably, blowdown flow rate is continuously increased with the increase of pH value, and with the increase of pH value, blowdown flow rate is continuous Increased amplitude is smaller and smaller.
It finds under study for action, with the increase of the drum pH value of detection, blowdown flow rate will also increase, and increased amplitude is got over Come smaller, it should be noted that this changing rule is the applicant by largely studying first discovery, and according to its rule into Capable improvement is not being readily apparent that for this field, belongs to an inventive point of the invention.Increase width by above-mentioned blowdown flow rate The variation of degree and the relationship of pH value, can be corresponding with actual conditions blowdown flow rate, improves contaminant removal effectiveness as soon as possible, heat is avoided to damage It loses.
It is found in practical study, an optimal relationship is needed between pH value and blowdown flow rate, if drum pH value mistake Greatly, then blowdown flow rate is inevitably asked greatly, and filth-discharging effect is otherwise not achieved.Drum pH value is small, then blowdown flow rate also requires small, otherwise makes At the waste of heat.Therefore blowdown flow rate cannot it is excessive can not be too small, it is excessive to will lead to thermal loss, it is too small to will lead to blowdown effect Fruit is bad.Therefore need accurately to determine the size of suitable blowdown flow rate.The present invention is calculated by a large amount of numerical value and experimental study, obtains The relationship between optimal pH value and blowdown flow rate is gone out.
Central diagnosis monitor 12 is stored in reference data: pH value J and blowing time T, blowdown speed V(, that is, blowdown water flow Speed), it is in the case of boiler drum pH value is J, blowdown flow rate V*T meets blowdown requirement.
Reference data indicates the data for meeting certain blowdown condition.Such as it can be satisfaction and reach a certain range of water quality It is required that reaching and requiring minimum blowdown flow rate etc. under certain water quality situation.
If pH value becomes j, blowing time t and blowdown speed v meet following three kinds of different operational modes it One:
First mode: v keeps reference speed V constant, and blowing time variation is as follows:
T/T=c*Ln((j-JStandard)/(J-JStandard))+d, wherein c, d are parameter, 1.04 < c < 1.05,0.99 < d < 1.01；
(j-JStandard)/(J-JStandard)<1,1.04<c<1.0457,1.01>d>1;It is preferred that c=1.0442, d=1.0064,
(j-JStandard)/(J-JStandard) =1, d=1；
(j-JStandard)/(J-JStandard)>1, 1.0457<c<1.05；1.0>d>0.99;It is preferred that c=1.0483, d=0.9985;
It is preferred that with (j-JStandard)/(J-JStandard) increase, c is increasing, and d is smaller and smaller；
Second mode: t keeps fiducial time T constant, and blowdown velocity variations are as follows:
V/V=e*Ln((j-JStandard)/(J-JStandard))+f, wherein e, f are parameter, 1.03 < e < 1.04,0.99 < f < 1.01;
(j-JStandard)/(J-JStandard)<1,1.03<e<1.0352,1.01>f>1;It is preferred that e=1.0338, f=1.0052,
(j-JStandard)/(J-JStandard) =1, f=1；
(j-JStandard)/(J-JStandard)>1, 1.0352<e<1.04；1.0>f>0.99;It is preferred that e=1.0379, f=0.9983;
It is preferred that with (j-JStandard)/(J-JStandard) increase, e is increasing, and f is smaller and smaller；
The third mode: v and t is variable, and the relationship of blowing time and blowdown speed is as follows:
(v*t)/(V*T)=a*Ln((j-JStandard)/(J-JStandard))+b, a, b are parameter, meet following formula:
(j-JStandard)/(J-JStandard) < 1,1.040 < a < 1.047,1.0 <b < 1.007；
(j-JStandard)/(J-JStandard) =1, b=1；
(j-JStandard)/(J-JStandard)>1, 1.047<a<1.05；0.992<b<1；
Preferably, (j-JStandard)/(J-JStandard) <1, a=1.035,b=0.996。
Preferably, (j-JStandard)/(J-JStandard)>1, a=1.049,b=1.003。
Preferably, (j-JStandard)/(J-JStandard) < 1, with (j-JStandard)/(J-JStandard) increase, a is increasing, and b is increasingly It is small.
Preferably, (j-JStandard)/(J-JStandard) > 1, as j/J increases, a is increasing, and b is smaller and smaller.
Wherein JStandardDesired PH numerical value is operated normally to meet boiler, preferably can be the PH upper limit value met the requirements. JStandardPreferably 10-11, further preferably 10.5.
Need to meet following condition: 0.85≤(j-J in the formula of above-mentioned Three modelsStandard)/(J-JStandard)≤1.15；
In above-mentioned formula, blowdown speed V, v are the sewage speed of discharge, and the unit of unit m/s, blowing time T, t are s。
The reference data is stored in central diagnosis monitor 12.
Preferably, central diagnosis monitor 12 stores multiple groups reference data.
Preferably, first mode chooses (1-t/T) when meeting multiple groups reference data2The smallest one group of t of value；When It so also can choose first group of t met the requirements, one group can also be randomly choosed from the t for meet condition；
Preferably, second mode chooses (1-v/V) when meeting multiple groups reference data2The smallest one group of v of value；When It so also can choose first group of v met the requirements, one group can also be randomly choosed from the v for meet condition；
Preferably, the third mode chooses ((1-v/V)2+ (1-t/T)2) the smallest one group of v and t of value；It can certainly First group of v and t met the requirements is selected, one group can also be randomly choosed from the v and t for meet condition；
In practical applications, multiple groups reference data is stored in programmable controller, then 12 basis of central diagnosis monitor The pH value data of detection are meeting 0.85≤(j-JStandard)/(J-JStandardIn the case of)≤1.15, suitable benchmark is being automatically selected Data are as foundation.
Preferably, in the case of there is two groups or multiple groups reference data, the reference data of user's selection can be provided Interface, preferred, system can automatically select ((1-v/V)2+ (1-t/T)2) value it is one the smallest.
The Three models can only store it is a kind of in the programmable controller, also can store two kinds or three kinds can In programmable controller.
Preferably, the boiler also has debugging functions.Preferably, when needing to carry out periodical blowdown, if row Dirt amount does not reach the blowdown flow rate calculated automatically, and the pH value that monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 detects at this time meets water quality requirement, then supervises 12 control of sewage disposal valve of diagnosing controller is controlled to close, if blowdown flow rate is less than benchmark blowdown flow rate (i.e. V*T) certain error at this time, such as It is preferred that 5%, then monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 is stored in using new blowing time, blowdown speed and pH value as reference data automatically Monitoring and diagnosis controller 12.
If blowdown flow rate reaches benchmark blowdown flow rate, but blowdown water quality does not meet the requirements, then monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 Control of sewage disposal valve continues blowdown, and until the water quality that monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 detects meets water quality requirement, then monitoring and diagnosis controls 12 control of sewage disposal valve of device is closed, if blowdown flow rate is greater than benchmark blowdown flow rate (i.e. V*T) certain error, such as preferably 5% at this time, then Monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 is stored in monitoring and diagnosis control using new blowing time, blowdown speed and pH value as reference data automatically Device 12 processed.
Above-mentioned debugging functions can be carried out periodically, can also be carried out automatically in operation.
Preferably, the priority of the new reference data of storage is higher than pervious reference data.
Preferably, pervious reference data is automatically deleted after the upper new reference data of storage.
The drum connects tedge 13, and setting is arranged at intervals with multiple cutting heat exchanger components 14 in the tedge 13, As shown in Figure 2,3, the cutting heat exchanger components 14 are extended along 13 short transverse of tedge to the cutting heat exchanger components 14 Integral structure part is provided with a number of hole 15 on the cutting heat exchanger components, and the hole 15 is in tedge short transverse Perforation cutting heat exchanger components.
The fluid of tedge is during upwards, usually stream-liquid two-phase flow, so that the fluid in tedge is vapour Liquid mixture, the presence of stream-liquid two-phase flow make the efficiency for affecting tedge heat absorption.On the other hand, it is exported to from tedge This section of drum, because the space of this section becomes larger suddenly, the variation in space will lead to quickly flowing upwards out and assemble for gas, Therefore spatial variations will lead to the vapour phase (vapour group) of aggregation and enter upper drum from tedge position, due to gas (vapour) liquid density contrast, Air mass leave adapter tube position will move rapidly upward, and air mass original spatial position by air mass push away wall surface liquid and meanwhile also will be fast Speed springs back and hits wall surface, forms impingement phenomenon.Gas (vapour) liquid phase is more discontinuous, and air mass aggregation is bigger, and Impact energy is bigger.It hits Hitting phenomenon will cause biggish noise vibration and mechanical shock, damage to equipment.
The present invention be arranged in tedge cutting heat exchanger components, by cutting heat exchanger components by two-phase fluid liquid phase and Vapour phase is separated, and liquid phase is divided into small liquid group, vapour phase is divided into minute bubbles, avoids the completely separable of liquid phase and vapour phase, Promote liquid vapor phase smooth outflow, play the role of regime flow, has the effect of vibration and noise reducing.
The present invention is equivalent in tedge 13 by setting cutting heat exchanger components and increases interior heat exchange area, enhanced Heat exchange, improves heat transfer effect.
The present invention is because all cross-section locations by vehicle repair major in tedge 13 are divided, thus on entire The segmentation of liquid-vaqor interface and vapour phase boundary layer and the contact area of cooling wall are realized on riser cross section and enhances disturbance, significantly Reduce noise and vibration, enhance heat transfer.
Preferably, aperture is arranged between adjacent holes 15 realizes perforation.Pass through setting aperture, it is ensured that adjacent hole it Between interconnect, can pressure between uniform bore so that the fluid of high pressure runner flows to low pressure, while can also be in fluid stream Further separate liquid phase and vapour phase while dynamic, is conducive to further stablize two-phase flow.
Preferably, along the flow direction (i.e. the short transverse of Fig. 4) of fluid in tedge 13, setting in tedge 13 Multiple cutting heat exchanger components 14, from the entrance of tedge to the outlet of tedge, the distance between adjacent cutting heat exchanger components are more Come shorter.If being H apart from the distance for rising tube inlet, the spacing between adjacent cutting heat exchanger components is S, S=F1(H), i.e., S is Using distance H as the function of variable, S ' is the first order derivative of S, meets following require:
S’<0;
Main cause is that carrier's liquid is understood in uphill process because of the steam in tedge, in uphill process, on Riser is constantly heated, and causes the steam in biphase gas and liquid flow more and more, because the vapour phase in stream-liquid two-phase flow is more and more, Exchange capability of heat in tedge can increase with vapour phase and weaken relatively, and vibration and its noise also can be continuous with vapour phase increase Increase.Therefore the distance between the adjacent cutting heat exchanger components for needing to be arranged are shorter and shorter.
In addition, this section of drum 1 is exported to from tedge 13, and because the space of this section becomes larger suddenly, the variation in space It will lead to quickly flowing upwards out and assemble for gas, therefore spatial variations will lead to the vapour phase (vapour group) of aggregation from tedge position Into condensation collector, due to gas (vapour) liquid density contrast, air mass leaves adapter tube position and will move rapidly upward, and air mass original space bit It sets and the liquid of wall surface is pushed away by air mass while will also spring back and hit wall surface rapidly, form impingement phenomenon.Gas (vapour) liquid phase is more not Continuously, air mass aggregation is bigger, and water hammer energy is bigger.Impingement phenomenon will cause biggish noise vibration and mechanical shock, to equipment It damages.Therefore in order to avoid the generation of this phenomenon, the distance between adjacent cutting heat exchanger components being arranged at this time are more next It is shorter, to constantly separate gas phase and liquid phase in fluid delivery process, to reduce vibration and noise to the full extent.
It is found through experiments that, by above-mentioned setting, can both reduce vibration and noise to the full extent, while can mention High heat transfer effect.
Further preferably, from the entrance of tedge to the outlet of tedge, the distance between adjacent cutting heat exchanger components are more It is continuously increased come shorter amplitude.That is S " is the second derivative of S, meets following require:
S”>0;
It is found through experiments that, by being improved simultaneously so set, 9% or so vibration and noise can be further decreased 7% or so heat transfer effect.
Preferably, the length of each cutting heat exchanger components 14 remains unchanged.
Preferably, cutting heat exchanger components others parameter other than the distance between adjacent cutting heat exchanger components 14 (such as length, caliber etc.) remains unchanged.
Preferably, along the flow direction (fluid is flowed to upper direction) for rising tube fluid, setting in tedge Multiple cutting heat exchanger components 14, from the entrance of tedge to the outlet of tedge, the length for cutting heat exchanger components 14 is increasingly longer. The length for cutting heat exchanger components is C, C=F2(X), C ' is the first order derivative of C, meets following require:
C’>0;
Further preferably, the length increasingly length of heat exchanger components is cut to the outlet of tedge from the entrance of tedge Amplitude is continuously increased.That is C " is the second derivative of C, meets following require:
C”>0;
The variation of the distance between for example adjacent cutting heat exchanger components of specific reason is identical.
Preferably, the distance between adjacent cutting heat exchanger components remain unchanged.
Preferably, in addition to cutting heat exchanger components length be outside one's consideration, cutting heat exchanger components others parameter (such as it is adjacent between Away from, caliber etc.) it remains unchanged.
Preferably, being set in tedge along the flow direction (i.e. along tedge extending direction) for rising tube fluid Multiple cutting heat exchanger components are set, from the entrance of tedge to the outlet of tedge, difference cuts the hole 15 in heat exchanger components 14 Diameter is smaller and smaller.The bore dia for cutting heat exchanger components is D, D=F3(X), D ' is the first order derivative of D, meets following require:
D’<0;
Preferably, the bore dia of difference cutting heat exchanger components is increasingly from the entrance of tedge to the outlet of tedge Small amplitude is continuously increased.I.e.
D " is the second derivative of D, meets following require:
D”>0。
The variation of the distance between for example adjacent cutting heat exchanger components of specific reason is identical.
Preferably, the length of cutting heat exchanger components and the distance of adjacent cutting heat exchanger components remain unchanged.
Preferably, other than the bore dia of cutting heat exchanger components, cutting heat exchanger components others parameter (such as length, The distance between adjacent cutting heat exchanger components etc.) it remains unchanged.
Further preferably, as shown in figure 4, groove is arranged inside the tedge, the outer wall of the cutting heat exchanger components 14 It is arranged in groove.
Further preferably, as shown in figure 4, tedge is welded for multi-segment structure, the junction setting point of multi-segment structure Switch thermal part 14.This mode makes being simple to manufacture for the tedge of setting cutting heat exchanger components, and cost reduces.
It is learnt by analyzing and testing, the spacing cut between heat exchanger components cannot be excessive, leads to damping if excessive The effect of noise reduction is bad, while can not be too small, causes resistance excessive if too small, similarly, the outer diameter in hole can not it is excessive or Person is too small, and the effect for also resulting in damping noise reduction is bad or resistance is excessive, therefore the present invention is through a large number of experiments, preferential Meet normal flow resistance (total pressure-bearing be 2.5Mpa hereinafter, single riser on-way resistance be less than or equal to 5Pa/M) In the case where, so that being optimal of damping noise reduction, has arranged the optimal relationship of parameters.
The hole be it is round, preferably, the distance between adjacent cutting heat exchanger components are J, cut the length of heat exchanger components Degree is L, and the internal diameter of tedge is M, and the radius in hole is A, the distance between adjacent hole center of circle B, meets following require:
J/L=f-g*LN (M/(2*A))；
B/(2*A)=h* (M/(2*A))-i* (M/(2*A))2-e
Wherein LN is logarithmic function, and f, g, h, i, e is parameter, wherein 3.0 < f < 3.5,0.5 < g < 0.6；2.9<h<3.1, 0.33<i<0.37,4.8<e<5.3；
The spacing J for wherein cutting heat exchanger components is the both ends the distance between opposite with adjacent cutting heat exchanger components；Before i.e. Cut the tail end of heat exchanger components and the distance between the front end for cutting heat exchanger components below in face.Referring specifically to the mark of Fig. 3.
34<M<58mm；
4<A<6mm;
17<L<25mm；
32<J<40mm；
1.05 < B/(2*A) < 1.25.
Preferably, f=3.20, g=0.54, h=3.03, i=0.35, e=5.12.
Preferably, rising length of tube between 3000-8500mm.Further preferably, between 4500-5500mm.
Further preferably, 40mm < M < 50mm；
9mm<2A<10mm;
22mm<L<24mm；
35mm<J<38mm。
By the preferred of the optimal geometric scale of above-mentioned formula, can be realized under the conditions of meeting normal flow resistance, Damping noise reduction reaches optimum efficiency.
Further preferably, as the increase of M/A, f constantly reduce, g constantly increases.
For parameters such as other parameters, such as tube wall, shell wall thickness according to normal standard setting.
Preferably, hole 15 extends in the whole length direction of cutting heat exchanger components 14.I.e. the length in hole 15 is equal to cutting The length of heat exchanger components 14.
Preferably, correction factor k can be increased to data when the angle that tedge and horizontal plane are formed is C It is modified, i.e.,
K* J/L=f-g*LN (M/(2*A))；k=1/sin(C)d, wherein 0.09 < d < 0.11, preferably d=0.10.
20 ° < C < 80 °, preferably 40-60 °.
Although the present invention has been disclosed in the preferred embodiments as above, present invention is not limited to this.Any art technology Personnel can make various changes or modifications, therefore protection scope of the present invention is answered without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention When being defined by the scope defined by the claims..

Claims (6)

1. a kind of boiler system, including monitoring and diagnosis controller and boiler, the boiler includes that boiler drum lower end is arranged in Blowdown valve, blowdown valve one end connecting valve regulating device, adjustment mechanism for valve and monitoring and diagnosis control are arranged on sewage pipe for sewage pipe Device processed carries out data connection, so that valve opening data are passed to monitoring and diagnosis controller, while from monitoring and diagnosis controller Receive instruction, adjusts the aperture of blowdown valve；
The drum further includes Water Test Kits, and the Water Test Kits includes pH value test cell, to measure the water in drum PH value, the Water Test Kits and monitoring and diagnosis controller carry out data connection, to receive the PH data of measurement；
The boiler periodically carries out blowdown, and blowdown speed remains unchanged, the monitoring and diagnosis controller according to the pH value of measurement from Dynamic setting blowing time, to automatically control blowdown flow rate；When starting periodically to carry out blowdown, if the detection of monitoring and diagnosis controller PH value is less than limit value, then monitoring and diagnosis controller closes blowdown valve by adjustment mechanism for valve；If monitoring and diagnosis controls The basicity value of device detection is greater than limit value, and the monitoring and diagnosis controller sets blowdown flow rate according to pH value automatically；
Blowdown flow rate control mode is as follows:
Monitoring and diagnosis controller is stored in reference data pH value J and blowing time T, blowdown speed V, indicates that the pH value of water in drum is When J, blowdown flow rate V*T is met the requirements,
When then pH value becomes j, blowing time t and blowdown speed v meet following require:
V keeps reference speed V constant, and blowing time variation is as follows:
T/T=c*Ln((j-JStandard)/(J-JStandard))+d, wherein c, d are parameter；
(j-JStandard)/(J-JStandard)<1,1.04<c<1.0457,1.01>d>1;
(j-JStandard)/(J-JStandard) =1, d=1；
(j-JStandard)/(J-JStandard)>1, 1.0457<c<1.05；1.0>d>0.99;
Need to meet following condition: 0.85 < (j-J in above-mentioned formulaStandard)/(J-JStandard) <1.15；
In above-mentioned formula, blowdown speed V, v are the sewage speed of discharge, and unit m/s, the unit of blowing time T, t are s.
2. boiler system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that if after blowdown, the PH of monitoring and diagnosis controller detection Value is still greater than limit value, then boiler issues alarm signal.
3. boiler system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that JStandardFor 10-11.
4. boiler system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that (j-JStandard)/(J-JStandard) <1, c=1.0442,d= 1.0064。
5. boiler system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that (j-JStandard)/(J-JStandard)>1, c=1.0483,d= 0.9985。
6. boiler system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that with (j-JStandard)/(J-JStandard) increase, with (j- JStandard)/(J-JStandard) increase, c is increasing, and d is smaller and smaller.
CN201710439395.9A 2017-06-12 2017-06-12 The boiler system of intelligent pH value control of sewage disposal time Expired - Fee Related CN107166366B (en)

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CN201811174108.7A CN109373303A (en) 2017-06-12 2017-06-12 The boiler system changed according to pH value intelligent control blowing time rule
CN201811174808.6A CN109373306A (en) 2017-06-12 2017-06-12 The boiler system changed according to pH value intelligent control blowdown speed law

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