CN107166364B - According to the boiler system of pH value intelligent control blowdown speed - Google Patents
According to the boiler system of pH value intelligent control blowdown speed Download PDFInfo
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- CN107166364B CN107166364B CN201710438314.3A CN201710438314A CN107166364B CN 107166364 B CN107166364 B CN 107166364B CN 201710438314 A CN201710438314 A CN 201710438314A CN 107166364 B CN107166364 B CN 107166364B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
- F22B37/48—Devices for removing water, salt, or sludge from boilers; Arrangements of cleaning apparatus in boilers; Combinations thereof with boilers
- F22B37/54—De-sludging or blow-down devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B35/00—Control systems for steam boilers
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of automatic control systems, including monitoring and diagnosis controller and boiler, the boiler includes the blow-off pipe being arranged in boiler drum lower end, blowdown valve is set on blow-off pipe, blowdown valve one end connecting valve regulating device, adjustment mechanism for valve carries out data connection with monitoring and diagnosis controller, to give valve opening data transfer to monitoring and diagnosis controller, receive instruction from monitoring and diagnosis controller simultaneously, adjusts the aperture of blowdown valve；The drum further includes Water Test Kits, and the Water Test Kits includes pH value test cell, and to measure the pH value of the water in drum, the Water Test Kits carries out data connection with monitoring and diagnosis controller, to receive the PH data measured；The boiler periodically carries out blowdown, and blowing time remains unchanged, and the central diagnosis monitor sets blowdown speed automatically according to the pH value of measurement, to automatically control blowdown flow rate.The present invention can realize optimal blowdown control because being that automatic calculating blowdown speed reduces hysteresis quality compared with prior art.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of boilers, belong to the fields F22.
Background technology
In operation, with the output of steam, pot water is concentrated steam boiler.When salinity increases to a certain extent,
Pot water will produce foam, and priming occurs, and steam causes serious false water level largely with water, keeps furnace control unstable.
Therefore the salt concentration of pot water must be controlled, it is ensured that quality of steam and boiler operatiopn safety.
There is national standard in China to Industrial Boiler water quality, such as in GB1576-2001, to pressure be 1.6~
2.5Mpa, the steam boiler with superheater are, it is specified that the dissolved solid concentration (TDS) of pot water must not exceed 2500mg/L.Wherein,
It is a pot water salt content that dissolved solid, which can be approximately considered,.
The main method of control pot water salt content is, in operation with the output of steam, using the method for surface blow-off,
The high pot water of a part of salinity, and the accordingly low make-up water of supplement salinity, realization pair is discharged in the downside of drum evaporating surface
The dilution of pot water salinity.If blowdown flow rate is insufficient, the salinity of pot water can be higher and higher；Conversely, if blowdown flow rate is excessive,
What it is because of discharge is the pot water containing a large amount of thermal energy, can cause the waste of energy loss and soft water resource.The optimal side of energy-saving and emission-reduction
Case is with minimum blowdown flow rate, and control boiler water quality is up to standard, it is ensured that safe operation improves the thermal efficiency.
Most domestic Industrial Boiler opens or closes blowdown valve using artificial timing (per tour is once or several times).This biography
The method for discharging pollution of system cannot achieve the control on demand of blowdown flow rate.It, generally can only be by maximum possibility in face of the variation of steam flow
Evaporation capacity excess emitters, cause energy waste.Even so, it is centainly qualified that pot water is still difficult to guarantee when load variations are big.
To realize on-demand automatic pollution discharge, both at home and abroad all in research autocontrol method.Such as 201510601501X is according to pot
The steam-water ratio of stove carries out automatic pollution discharge, but existing method for discharging pollution is all that a certain parameter reaches a certain level at present, is beaten automatically
Blowdown valve is opened, when a certain parameter drops to a certain lower bound, closes blowdown valve.Though this interval-automatic method for discharging pollution is than artificial timing
Blowdown improves to some extent, but the salt content fluctuation up and down in high and low limit section always, and because of the hysteresis quality that data control, still
There are certain excessive emissions or discharge insufficient, is not optimal blowdown control program.
For above-mentioned defect, the present invention provides a kind of boiler systems of the blowdown of new intelligent control.
Invention content
The present invention calculates the blowdown flow rate of boiler automatically by monitoring the pH value of boiler drum in real time according to the size of pH value,
Blowing time and blowdown speed are adjusted according to blowdown flow rate.
To achieve the goals above, technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of boiler system, including monitoring and diagnosis controller and boiler, the boiler include being arranged in boiler drum lower end
Blow-off pipe, blowdown valve, blowdown valve one end connecting valve regulating device, adjustment mechanism for valve and monitoring and diagnosis are set on blow-off pipe
Controller carries out data connection, to give valve opening data transfer to monitoring and diagnosis controller, while being controlled from monitoring and diagnosis
Device receives instruction, adjusts the aperture of blowdown valve；
The drum further includes Water Test Kits, and the Water Test Kits includes pH value test cell, to measure in drum
Water pH value, the Water Test Kits and monitoring and diagnosis controller carry out data connection, to receive the PH data measured；
The boiler periodically carries out blowdown, and blowing time remains unchanged, and the central diagnosis monitor is according to the PH of measurement
The automatic setting blowdown speed of value, to automatically control blowdown flow rate.
Preferably, when starting periodically to carry out blowdown, if the pH value of monitoring and diagnosis controller detection is less than limit value,
Then monitoring and diagnosis controller closes blowdown valve by adjustment mechanism for valve；If the basicity value of monitoring and diagnosis controller detection is more than
Limit value, the central diagnosis monitor set blowdown flow rate automatically according to pH value.
Preferably, if after blowdown, the pH value of monitoring and diagnosis controller detection is still more than limit value, then boiler is sent out
Go out alarm signal.
Preferably, with the increase of pH value, blowing time is continuously increased, and with the increase of pH value, blowing time
Ever-increasing amplitude is smaller and smaller.
Preferably, blowdown flow rate control mode is as follows：
Central diagnosis monitor is stored in reference data pH value J and blowing time T, blowdown speed V, is the pH value of water in drum
For the blowdown flow rate V*T met the requirements when J,
When then pH value becomes j, blowing time t and blowdown speed v meet following require：
T keeps fiducial time T constant, and blowdown velocity variations are as follows：
v / V = e*Ln（（j-JStandard）/(J-JStandard)）+ f, wherein e, f are parameter,
（j-JStandard）/(J-JStandard) <1,1.03<e<1.0352 1.01>f>1;
（j-JStandard）/(J-JStandard) =1, f=1；
（j-JStandard）/(J-JStandard)>1, 1.0352<e<1.04；1.0>f>0.99;
It needs to meet following condition in above-mentioned formula：0.85<（j-JStandard）/(J-JStandard) <1.15；
In above-mentioned formula, blowdown speed V, v are the sewage speed of discharge, and the unit of unit m/s, blowing time T, t are
s。
Preferably, JStandardFor 10-11.
Preferably,（j-JStandard）/(J-JStandard) <1, e=1.0338,f=1.0052。
Preferably,（j-JStandard）/(J-JStandard)>1, e=1.0379,f=0.9983。
Preferably,（j-JStandard）/(J-JStandard) <1, with（j-JStandard）/(J-JStandard) increase, e is increasing, and f is more next
It is smaller.
Preferably,（j-JStandard）/(J-JStandard)>1, as j/J increases, e is increasing, and f is smaller and smaller.
Compared with prior art, boiler system of the invention has the following advantages：
1）The present invention calculates the blowdown flow rate of boiler automatically by the PH data of the drum water of every boiler of real time monitoring,
In the case that blowing time remains unchanged, blowdown speed is adjusted according to blowdown flow rate.The present invention because be it is automatic calculate blowdown flow rate,
Compared with prior art, hysteresis quality is reduced, can realize optimal blowdown control.
2）Reference data is stored in controller by the present invention, and controller calculates blowdown quantity automatically according to PH data, this number
Amount can substantially reduce the hysteresis quality error brought because of valve regulated.
3）The boiler of the present invention also has zero offset capability.Base value is corrected automatically according to the water quality blowdown situation of detection
According to, ensure regulation and control accuracy.
4）The interior heat-exchanger rig of present invention providing holes in tedge, liquid is separated by interior heat-exchanger rig by two-phase fluid
Phase and vapour phase, are divided into small liquid group by liquid phase, vapour phase are divided into minute bubbles, promotes vapour phase smooth outflow, plays regime flow
Effect, have the effect of vibration and noise reducing, and the present invention cuts heat-exchanger rig by setting, is equivalent to and increases in tedge
Inner area, enhances heat exchange, improves heat transfer effect.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that drainage of the present invention automatically controls；
Fig. 2 is the main structure diagram of build-in components one embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is build-in components of the present invention arrangement schematic diagram in tedge；
Fig. 4 is another schematic diagram that build-in components of the present invention are arranged in tedge；
Fig. 5 is the flow diagram that the present invention controls.
1 drum, 2 water-supply-pipes, 3 flowmeters, 4 pressure gauges, 5 thermometers, 6 Water Test Kits, 7 adjustment mechanism for valve, 8 blowdowns
Valve, 9 steam pipes, 10 blow-off pipes, 11 flowmeters, 12 central monitoring diagnosing controllers, 13 tedges, 14 build-in components, 15 holes, 16
Flowmeter
Specific implementation mode
The specific implementation mode of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Herein, if without specified otherwise, it is related to formula, "/" indicates that division, "×", " * " indicate multiplication.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of boiler thermodynamic system, the boiler thermodynamic system includes an at least boiler, for generating
Steam, the boiler carries out data connection with monitoring and diagnosis controller 12, to be monitored to the operation of boiler.
As shown in Figure 1, the boiler includes automatically controlling drainage, the boiler periodically carries out blowdown, described automatic
Control of sewage disposal system is carried out automatically controlling according to the pH value of water in boiler drum.Specific control system is as follows：
As shown in Figure 1, the boiler includes the flowmeter 3, pressure gauge 4 and thermometer being arranged on steam (vapor) outlet pipeline 9
5, flow velocity, pressure and temperature for measuring output steam.The flowmeter 3, pressure gauge 4 and thermometer 5 are examined with monitoring respectively
Disconnected controller 12 carries out data connection, and the data transfer to measure is controlled to monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 in monitoring and diagnosis
According to the vapor (steam) temperature of measurement, pressure, the quality of steam of flow relocity calculation unit interval in device.
The boiler includes the blow-off pipe being arranged in 1 lower end of boiler drum, and blowdown valve 8, blowdown valve 8 one is arranged on blow-off pipe
Connecting valve regulating device 7 is held, adjustment mechanism for valve 7 carries out data connection with monitoring and diagnosis controller 12, to open valve
Degrees of data passes to（Including opening size, opening/closing time and open and-shut mode etc.）Monitoring and diagnosis controller 12, while being examined from monitoring
Disconnected controller 12 receives instruction, adjusts opening, closing and the opening size of blowdown valve 8.
The drum further includes Water Test Kits 6, and the Water Test Kits includes pH value test cell, to measure in drum
Water pH value, the Water Test Kits and monitoring and diagnosis controller carry out data connection, to receive the PH data measured.
Further comprise flowmeter 11 on the blow-off pipe, measures the flow of blowdown.The flowmeter 11 and monitoring and diagnosis
Controller 12 carries out data connection, to pass data to monitoring and diagnosis controller 12.Monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 is according to stream
Gauge calculates the blowdown flow rate of unit interval, to calculate unit interval blowdown quality.The row of experience may be used in blowdown quality
The density of sewage calculates, and can also pass through and measure blowdown coolant-temperature gage（It needs that temperature sensor is arranged in total blown pipe, the row of measurement
The temperature of sewage）Specifically the data stored in controller 12 is called to calculate.
The water inlet manifold 2 of the boiler（Including return water and moisturizing）Upper setting flowmeter 16 enters for detecting in boiler
Water flow, the flowmeter 16 and monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 carry out data connection, to give the data transfer of measurement
Monitoring and diagnosis controller 12, monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 enter the stream of the water of boiler according to the flow rate calculation unit interval of measurement
Amount, to calculate the quality that the unit interval enters the water of boiler.The density of water may be used to calculate in the quality of water, can also
By the temperature for measuring water（It needs water inlet manifold 2 that temperature sensor is set, measures the temperature of water）Specifically call controller 12
The data of middle storage calculate.
Certainly, it is the water summation of both recirculation return pipe and water supply pipe into the water of boiler.Preferably, can mend
The flowmeter with 12 data connection of monitoring and diagnosis controller is respectively set on water pipe and circulating water pipe, by calculate both flow it
With enter the total water of boiler to the unit of account time.The present invention may be used various control strategy and carry out control of sewage disposal amount.
The boiler periodically carries out blowdown, and the central diagnosis monitor sets blowdown automatically according to the PH data of detection
Amount.
The blowdown flow rate is calculated by blowdown speed and blowing time, i.e. blowdown flow rate=blowdown speed * blowing times.Institute
It states blowdown speed and is preferably foregoing unit interval blowdown quality, detected by flowmeter 11, the blowing time is logical
The time of the opening of control valve 8 is spent to calculate.
Control strategy is as follows：
When starting periodically to carry out blowdown, the numerical value for the PH that monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 detects is less than lower limiting value, then shows not
Blowdown is needed, therefore monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 closes blowdown valve 8 by adjustment mechanism for valve 7（If blowdown valve is closed, directly
Keep blowdown valve closing state）., can be excessive to avoid blowdown by aforesaid operations, cause the waste of the energy.If the PH of detection
Value is more than upper limit value, then demonstrates the need for blowdown, may influence the service life of boiler, the central diagnosis monitor 12 is according to steam
Ratio between the quality of the water of quality and input boiler sets blowdown flow rate automatically.
If after blowdown, the pH value that monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 detects still is more than limit value, then boiler sends out prompt
Signal.
Preferably, with the increase of pH value, blowdown flow rate is continuously increased, and with the increase of pH value, and blowdown flow rate is continuous
Increased amplitude is smaller and smaller.
It finds under study for action, with the increase of the drum pH value of detection, blowdown flow rate will also increase, and increased amplitude is got over
Come smaller, it should be noted that this changing rule is that the applicant has found first by largely studying, and according to its rule into
Capable improvement is not being readily apparent that for this field, belongs to the inventive point of the present invention.Increase width by above-mentioned blowdown flow rate
The variation of degree and the relationship of pH value, can be corresponding with actual conditions blowdown flow rate, improves contaminant removal effectiveness as soon as possible, heat is avoided to damage
It loses.
It finds, is needed between pH value and blowdown flow rate there are one best relationship, if drum pH value mistake in practical study
Greatly, then blowdown flow rate inevitably asks big, and filth-discharging effect is otherwise not achieved.Drum pH value is small, then blowdown flow rate also requires small, otherwise makes
At the waste of heat.Therefore blowdown flow rate cannot it is excessive can not be too small, cross conference lead to thermal loss, it is too small blowdown to be caused to imitate
Fruit is bad.Therefore it needs accurately to determine the size of suitable blowdown flow rate.The present invention is obtained by a large amount of numerical computations and experimental study
The relationship between best pH value and blowdown flow rate is gone out.
Central diagnosis monitor 12 is stored in reference data：PH value J and blowing time T, blowdown speed V（That is blowdown flow
Speed）, it is in the case of boiler drum pH value is J, blowdown flow rate V*T meets blowdown requirement.
Reference data indicates the data for meeting certain blowdown condition.Such as can meet to reach a certain range of water quality
It is required that reaching and requiring minimum blowdown flow rate etc. under certain water quality situation.
If pH value becomes j, blowing time t and blowdown speed v meet following three kinds of different operational modes it
One：
First mode：V keeps reference speed V constant, and blowing time variation is as follows：
t/T=c*Ln（（j-JStandard）/(J-JStandard)）+ d, wherein c, d are parameter, 1.04<c<1.05 0.99<d<1.01；
（j-JStandard）/(J-JStandard) <1,1.04<c<1.0457 1.01>d>1;It is preferred that c=1.0442, d=1.0064,
（j-JStandard）/(J-JStandard) =1, d=1；
（j-JStandard）/(J-JStandard)>1, 1.0457<c<1.05；1.0>d>0.99;It is preferred that c=1.0483, d=0.9985;
It is preferred that with（j-JStandard）/(J-JStandard) increase, c is increasing, and d is smaller and smaller；
Second mode：T keeps fiducial time T constant, and blowdown velocity variations are as follows：
v / V = e*Ln（（j-JStandard）/(J-JStandard)）+ f, wherein e, f are parameter, 1.03<e<1.04, 0.99<f<
1.01;
（j-JStandard）/(J-JStandard) <1,1.03<e<1.0352 1.01>f>1;It is preferred that e=1.0338, f=1.0052,
（j-JStandard）/(J-JStandard) =1, f=1；
（j-JStandard）/(J-JStandard)>1, 1.0352<e<1.04；1.0>f>0.99;It is preferred that e=1.0379, f=0.9983;
It is preferred that with（j-JStandard）/(J-JStandard) increase, e is increasing, and f is smaller and smaller；
The third mode：V and t is variable, and the relationship of blowing time and blowdown speed is as follows：
(v*t)/(V*T)=a*Ln（（j-JStandard）/(J-JStandard)）+ b, a, b are parameter, meet following formula：
（j-JStandard）/(J-JStandard) <1,1.040<a<1.047 1.0<b<1.007；
（j-JStandard）/(J-JStandard) =1, b=1；
（j-JStandard）/(J-JStandard)>1, 1.047<a<1.05；0.992<b<1；
Preferably,（j-JStandard）/(J-JStandard) <1, a=1.035,b=0.996。
Preferably,（j-JStandard）/(J-JStandard)>1, a=1.049,b=1.003。
Preferably,（j-JStandard）/(J-JStandard) <1, with（j-JStandard）/(J-JStandard) increase, a is increasing, and b is increasingly
It is small.
Preferably,（j-JStandard）/(J-JStandard)>1, as j/J increases, a is increasing, and b is smaller and smaller.
Wherein JStandardPreferably can be the PH upper limit values met the requirements to meet the PH numerical value of boiler normal operation requirement.
JStandardPreferably 10-11, further preferably 10.5.
It needs to meet following condition in the formula of above-mentioned Three models：0.85<=（j-JStandard）/(J-JStandard)<=1.15；
In above-mentioned formula, blowdown speed V, v are the sewage speed of discharge, and the unit of unit m/s, blowing time T, t are
s。
The reference data is stored in central diagnosis monitor 12.
Preferably, central diagnosis monitor 12 stores multigroup reference data.
Preferably, when meeting multigroup reference data, first mode is chosen（1-t/T）2Value minimum one group of t；When
First group of t met the requirements can also be so selected, one group can also be randomly choosed from the t for meet condition；
Preferably, when meeting multigroup reference data, second mode is chosen（1-v/V）2Value minimum one group of v；When
First group of v met the requirements can also be so selected, one group can also be randomly choosed from the v for meet condition；
Preferably, the third mode is chosen（（1-v/V）2+（1-t/T）2）Value minimum one group of v and t；It can certainly
First group of v and t met the requirements is selected, one group can also be randomly choosed from the v and t of the condition that meets；
In practical applications, multigroup reference data is stored in programmable controller, then 12 basis of central diagnosis monitor
The pH value data of detection are meeting 0.85<=（j-JStandard）/(J-JStandard)<In the case of=1.15, suitable benchmark is being automatically selected
Data are as foundation.
Preferably, in the case of there is two groups or multigroup reference data, the reference data of user's selection can be provided
Interface, preferred, system can automatically select（（1-v/V）2+（1-t/T）2）Minimum one of value.
The Three models can only store it is a kind of in the programmable controller, two kinds or three kinds can also be stored can
In programmable controller.
Preferably, the boiler also has debugging functions.Preferably, when needing to carry out periodical blowdown, if row
Dirt amount does not reach the blowdown flow rate calculated automatically, and the pH value that monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 detects at this time meets water quality requirement, then supervises
It controls 12 control of sewage disposal valve of diagnosing controller to close, if blowdown flow rate is less than benchmark blowdown flow rate at this time（That is V*T）Certain error, such as
It is preferred that 5%, then new blowing time, blowdown speed and pH value are stored in by monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 as reference data automatically
Monitoring and diagnosis controller 12.
If blowdown flow rate reaches benchmark blowdown flow rate, but blowdown water quality does not meet the requirements, then monitoring and diagnosis controller 12
Control of sewage disposal valve continues blowdown, and until the water quality that monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 detects meets water quality requirement, then monitoring and diagnosis controls
12 control of sewage disposal valve of device is closed, if blowdown flow rate is more than benchmark blowdown flow rate at this time（That is V*T）Certain error, such as preferably 5%, then
New blowing time, blowdown speed and pH value are stored in monitoring and diagnosis control by monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 as reference data automatically
Device 12 processed.
Above-mentioned debugging functions can be carried out periodically, can also be carried out automatically in operation.
Preferably, the priority of the new reference data of storage is higher than pervious reference data.
Preferably, after the upper new reference data of storage, pervious reference data is automatically deleted.
The drum connects tedge 13, is arranged in the tedge 13 and is arranged at intervals with multiple cutting heat exchanger components 14,
The cutting heat exchanger components 14 are as shown in Figure 2,3, and the cutting heat exchanger components 14 are extended along 13 short transverse of tedge
Integral structure part is provided with a number of hole 15 on the cutting heat exchanger components, and the hole 15 is in tedge short transverse
Perforation cutting heat exchanger components.
The fluid of tedge is during upwards, usually stream-liquid two-phase flow, so that the fluid in tedge is vapour
Liquid mixture, the presence of stream-liquid two-phase flow make the efficiency for affecting tedge heat absorption.On the other hand, it is exported to from tedge
This section of drum, because the space of this section becomes larger suddenly, the variation in space can lead to quickly flowing upwards out and assemble for gas,
Therefore spatial variations can lead to the vapour phase of aggregation（Vapour group）Enter upper drum from tedge position, due to gas（Vapour）Liquid density contrast,
Air mass, which leaves, to be taken over position and will move rapidly upward, and air mass original spatial position by air mass push away wall surface liquid and meanwhile also will be fast
Speed springs back and hits wall surface, forms impingement phenomenon.Gas（Vapour）Liquid phase is more discontinuous, and air mass aggregation is bigger, and Impact energy is bigger.It hits
Larger noise vibrations and mechanical shock can be caused by hitting phenomenon, be damaged to equipment.
The present invention be arranged in tedge cutting heat exchanger components, by cut heat exchanger components by two-phase fluid liquid phase and
Vapour phase is detached, and liquid phase is divided into small liquid group, vapour phase is divided into minute bubbles, avoids the completely separable of liquid phase and vapour phase,
Promote liquid vapor phase smooth outflow, play the role of regime flow, has the effect of vibration and noise reducing.
The present invention cuts heat exchanger components by setting, is equivalent in tedge 13 and increases interior heat exchange area, enhances
Heat exchange, improves heat transfer effect.
The present invention is because all cross-section locations by vehicle repair major in tedge 13 are divided, on entire
The segmentation of liquid-vaqor interface and vapour phase boundary layer and the contact area of cooling wall are realized on riser cross section and enhances disturbance, significantly
Reduce noise and vibrations, enhance heat transfer.
Preferably, aperture is arranged between adjacent holes 15 realizes perforation.Pass through be arranged aperture, it is ensured that adjacent hole it
Between interconnect, pressure that can be between uniform bore so that the fluid of high pressure runner flows to low pressure, while can also be in fluid stream
Further separate liquid phase and vapour phase while dynamic, is conducive to further stablize two-phase flow.
Preferably, along the flow direction of fluid in tedge 13（That is the short transverse of Fig. 4）, the interior setting of tedge 13
Multiple cutting heat exchanger components 14, from the entrance of tedge to the outlet of tedge, the distance between adjacent cutting heat exchanger components are more
Come shorter.If being H apart from the distance of tube inlet is risen, the spacing between adjacent cutting heat exchanger components is S, S=F1(H), i.e., S is
Using distance H as the function of variable, S ' is the first order derivative of S, meets following require：
S’<0;
Main cause is that carrier's liquid is understood in uphill process because of the steam in tedge, in uphill process, on
Riser is constantly heated, and causes the steam in biphase gas and liquid flow more and more, because the vapour phase in stream-liquid two-phase flow is more and more,
Exchange capability of heat in tedge can increase with vapour phase and weaken relatively, and vibrations and its noise also can be continuous with vapour phase increase
Increase.Therefore need the distance between adjacent cutting heat exchanger components being arranged shorter and shorter.
In addition, drum 1 this section is exported to from tedge 13, and because the space of this section becomes larger suddenly, the variation in space
It can lead to quickly flowing upwards out and assemble for gas, therefore spatial variations can lead to the vapour phase of aggregation（Vapour group）From tedge position
Into condensation collector, due to gas（Vapour）Liquid density contrast, air mass, which leaves, to be taken over position and will move rapidly upward, and air mass original space bit
It sets and the liquid of wall surface is pushed away by air mass while will also spring back and hit wall surface rapidly, form impingement phenomenon.Gas（Vapour）Liquid phase is more not
Continuously, air mass aggregation is bigger, and water hammer energy is bigger.Impingement phenomenon can cause larger noise vibrations and mechanical shock, to equipment
It damages.Therefore in order to avoid the generation of this phenomenon, the distance between adjacent cutting heat exchanger components being arranged at this time are more next
It is shorter, to constantly separate gas phase and liquid phase in fluid delivery process, to reduce vibrations and noise to the full extent.
It is found through experiments that, by above-mentioned setting, can both reduce vibrations and noise to the full extent, while can carry
High heat transfer effect.
Further preferably, from the entrance of tedge to the outlet of tedge, the distance between adjacent cutting heat exchanger components are more
It is continuously increased come shorter amplitude.That is S " is the second derivative of S, meets following require：
S”>0;
It is found through experiments that, by so set, 9% or so vibrations and noise can be further decreased, improving simultaneously
7% or so heat transfer effect.
Preferably, each the length of cutting heat exchanger components 14 remains unchanged.
Preferably, other than the distance between adjacent cutting heat exchanger components 14, heat exchanger components others parameter is cut
（Such as length, caliber etc.）It remains unchanged.
Preferably, along the flow direction for rising tube fluid（Fluid is flowed to upper direction）, the interior setting of tedge
Multiple cutting heat exchanger components 14, from the entrance of tedge to the outlet of tedge, the length for cutting heat exchanger components 14 is increasingly longer.
That is the length of cutting heat exchanger components is C, C=F2(X), C ' is the first order derivative of C, meets following require：
C’>0;
Further preferably, from the entrance of tedge the length increasingly length of heat exchanger components is cut to the outlet of tedge
Amplitude is continuously increased.That is C " is the second derivative of C, meets following require：
C”>0;
The variation of the distance between for example adjacent cutting heat exchanger components of specific reason is identical.
Preferably, the distance between adjacent cutting heat exchanger components remain unchanged.
Preferably, in addition to the length of cutting heat exchanger components is outside one's consideration, heat exchanger components others parameter is cut（Such as it is adjacent between
Away from, caliber etc.）It remains unchanged.
Preferably, along the flow direction for rising tube fluid（I.e. along tedge extending direction）, set in tedge
Multiple cutting heat exchanger components are set, from the entrance of tedge to the outlet of tedge, difference cuts the hole 15 in heat exchanger components 14
Diameter is smaller and smaller.That is the bore dia of cutting heat exchanger components is D, D=F3(X), D ' is the first order derivative of D, meets following require：
D’<0;
Preferably, from the entrance of tedge to the outlet of tedge, the bore dia of difference cutting heat exchanger components is increasingly
Small amplitude is continuously increased.I.e.
D " is the second derivative of D, meets following require：
D”>0。
The variation of the distance between for example adjacent cutting heat exchanger components of specific reason is identical.
Preferably, the length of cutting heat exchanger components and the distance of adjacent cutting heat exchanger components remain unchanged.
Preferably, other than the bore dia of cutting heat exchanger components, heat exchanger components others parameter is cut（Such as length,
The distance between adjacent cutting heat exchanger components etc.）It remains unchanged.
Further preferably, as shown in figure 4, groove is arranged inside the tedge, the outer wall of the cutting heat exchanger components 14
It is arranged in groove.
Further preferably, as shown in figure 4, tedge is welded for multi-segment structure, the junction setting point of multi-segment structure
Switch thermal part 14.This mode makes being simple to manufacture for the tedge of setting cutting heat exchanger components, cost reduction.
It is learnt by analyzing and testing, the spacing cut between heat exchanger components cannot be excessive, leads to damping if excessive
The effect of noise reduction is bad, while can not be too small, causes resistance excessive if too small, similarly, the outer diameter in hole can not it is excessive or
Person is too small, and the effect for also resulting in damping noise reduction is bad or resistance is excessive, therefore the present invention is through a large number of experiments, preferential
Meet normal flow resistance（Total pressure-bearing be 2.5Mpa hereinafter, the on-way resistance of single riser be less than or equal to 5Pa/M）
In the case of so that being optimal of damping noise reduction has arranged the best relationship of parameters.
The hole is round, preferably, the distance between adjacent cutting heat exchanger components are J, cuts the length of heat exchanger components
Degree is L, and the internal diameter of tedge is M, and the radius in hole is A, the distance between adjacent hole center of circle B, meets following require：
J/L=f-g*LN (M/（2*A）)；
B/（2*A） =h*(M/（2*A）)-i*(M/（2*A）)2-e
Wherein LN is logarithmic function, and f, g, h, i, e is parameter, wherein 3.0<f<3.5,0.5<g<0.6；2.9<h<3.1,
0.33<i<0.37,4.8<e<5.3；
The spacing J of wherein cutting heat exchanger components is with opposite the distance between the both ends of adjacent cutting heat exchanger components；Before i.e.
Cut the tail end of heat exchanger components and the distance between the front end for cutting heat exchanger components below in face.Referring specifically to the mark of Fig. 3.
34<M<58mm；
4<A<6mm;
17<L<25mm；
32<J<40mm；
1.05<B/（2*A）<1.25.
Preferably, f=3.20, g=0.54, h=3.03, i=0.35, e=5.12.
Preferably, rising length of tube between 3000-8500mm.Further preferably, between 4500-5500mm.
Further preferably, 40mm<M<50mm；
9mm<2A<10mm;
22mm<L<24mm；
35mm<J<38mm。
By the preferred of the best geometric scale of above-mentioned formula, can realize under the conditions of meeting normal flow resistance,
Damping noise reduction reaches optimum efficiency.
Further preferably, as the increase of M/A, f constantly reduce, g constantly increases.
For parameters such as other parameters, such as tube wall, shell wall thickness according to normal standard setting.
Preferably, hole 15 extends in the whole length direction of cutting heat exchanger components 14.I.e. the length in hole 15 is equal to cutting
The length of heat exchanger components 14.
Preferably, being C in the angle that tedge and horizontal plane are formed, correction factor k can be increased to data
It is modified, i.e.,
K* J/L=f-g*LN (M/（2*A）)；k=1/sin(C)d, wherein 0.09<d<0.11, preferably d=0.10.
20°<C<80 °, preferably 40-60 °.
Although the present invention has been disclosed in the preferred embodiments as above, present invention is not limited to this.Any art technology
Personnel can make various changes or modifications, therefore protection scope of the present invention is answered without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention
When being subject to claim limited range.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of boiler system, including central diagnosis monitor and boiler, the boiler includes being arranged in boiler drum lower end
Blow-off pipe, blowdown valve, blowdown valve one end connecting valve regulating device are arranged on blow-off pipe, and adjustment mechanism for valve is supervised with central diagnosis
It controls device and carries out data connection, to give valve opening data transfer to central diagnosis monitor, while from central diagnostic monitor
Receive instruction, adjusts the aperture of blowdown valve；
The drum further includes Water Test Kits, and the Water Test Kits includes pH value test cell, to measure the water in drum
PH value, the Water Test Kits and central diagnosis monitor carry out data connection, to receive the PH data measured；
The boiler periodically carries out blowdown, and blowing time remains unchanged, the central diagnosis monitor according to the pH value of measurement from
Dynamic setting blowdown speed, to automatically control blowdown flow rate；
Blowdown flow rate control mode is as follows：
Central diagnosis monitor is stored in reference data pH value J and blowing time T, blowdown speed V, indicates that the pH value of water in drum is
When J, blowdown flow rate V*T is met the requirements,
When then pH value becomes j, blowing time t and blowdown speed v meet following require：
T keeps fiducial time T constant, and blowdown velocity variations are as follows：
v / V = e*Ln（（j-JStandard）/(J-JStandard)）+ f, wherein e, f are parameter,
（j-JStandard）/(J-JStandard) <1,1.03<e<1.0352 1.01>f>1;
（j-JStandard）/(J-JStandard) =1, f=1；
（j-JStandard）/(J-JStandard)>1, 1.0352<e<1.04；1.0>f>0.99;
It needs to meet following condition in above-mentioned formula：0.85<（j-JStandard）/(J-JStandard) <1.15；
In above-mentioned formula, blowdown speed V, v are the sewage speed of discharge, and the unit of unit m/s, blowing time T, t are s.
2. boiler system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that when starting periodically to carry out blowdown, if central diagnosis is supervised
The pH value for controlling device detection is less than limit value, then central diagnosis monitor closes blowdown valve by adjustment mechanism for valve；In if
The basicity value of diagnostic monitor detection is entreated to be more than limit value, the central diagnosis monitor sets blowdown automatically according to pH value
Amount.
3. boiler system as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that if after blowdown, the PH of central diagnosis monitor detection
Value is still more than limit value, then boiler sends out alarm signal.
4. boiler system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that JStandardFor 10-11.
5. boiler system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that（j-JStandard）/(J-JStandard) <1, e=1.0338,f=
1.0052。
6. boiler system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that（j-JStandard）/(J-JStandard)>1, e=1.0379,f=
0.9983。
7. boiler system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that（j-JStandard）/(J-JStandard) <1, with（j-JStandard）/(J-
JStandard) increase, e is increasing, and f is smaller and smaller.
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