CN107166364B - According to the boiler system of pH value intelligent control blowdown speed - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an automatic control system, which includes a monitoring and diagnosis controller and a boiler. The boiler includes a blowdown pipe arranged at the lower end of the boiler steam drum. A blowdown valve is arranged on the blowdown pipe. One end of the blowdown valve is connected to a valve adjustment device. Data connection with the monitoring and diagnosing controller, so as to transmit the valve opening data to the monitoring and diagnosing controller, and at the same time receive instructions from the monitoring and diagnosing controller to adjust the opening of the blowdown valve; the steam drum also includes a water quality analyzer, the The water quality analyzer includes a pH value testing unit to measure the pH value of the water in the steam drum, and the water quality analyzer is connected to the monitoring and diagnostic controller for data connection so as to accept the measured pH data; the boiler regularly blows down, and the blowdown time Remaining unchanged, the central diagnostic monitor automatically sets the blowdown rate according to the measured PH value, thereby automatically controlling the blowdown volume. Because the invention calculates the sewage discharge speed automatically, compared with the prior art, the hysteresis is reduced, and optimal sewage discharge control can be realized.

Description

A boiler system that intelligently controls the blowdown speed according to the PH value

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of boilers and belongs to the field of F22.

Background technique

When the steam boiler is in operation, the boiler water is concentrated as the steam is produced. When the salt concentration rises to a certain level, the pot water will produce bubbles, soda and water will rise together, and a large amount of water will be carried in the steam, which will cause a serious false water level and make the control of the furnace condition unstable. Therefore, the salt concentration of boiler water must be controlled to ensure steam quality and boiler operation safety.

my country has national standards for the water quality of industrial boilers. For example, in GB1576-2001, for steam boilers with a pressure of 1.6-2.5Mpa and a superheater, it is stipulated that the dissolved solids concentration (TDS) of the boiler water shall not exceed 2500mg/L. Among them, the dissolved solids can be approximated as the salt content of the pot water.

The main method to control the salt content of the pot water is to use the method of surface sewage discharge during operation with the production of steam, to discharge part of the pot water with high salt concentration on the lower side of the evaporation surface of the drum, and to supplement the pot water with low salt concentration accordingly. Make-up water to achieve dilution of the salt concentration of the pot water. If the amount of blowdown is insufficient, the salt concentration of the pot water will be higher and higher; on the contrary, if the amount of blowdown is too large, it will cause energy loss and waste of soft water resources due to the discharge of pot water containing a large amount of heat energy. The optimal solution for energy saving and emission reduction is to control the water quality of the boiler to meet the standard with the minimum amount of sewage discharge, ensure safe operation and improve thermal efficiency.

Most domestic industrial boilers use manual timing (once or several times per shift) to open or close the blowdown valve. This traditional sewage discharge method cannot realize the on-demand control of sewage discharge. In the face of changes in steam flow, generally only the maximum possible evaporation can be over-discharged, resulting in energy waste. Even so, it is still difficult to ensure that the pot water must be qualified when the load changes greatly.

In order to realize on-demand automatic sewage discharge, automatic control methods are being studied at home and abroad. For example, 201510601501X automatically discharges sewage according to the steam-water ratio of the boiler, but the existing sewage discharge method is to automatically open the sewage valve when a certain parameter reaches a certain level, and close the sewage valve when a certain parameter drops to a certain low limit. Although this intermittent automatic sewage discharge method is improved compared with manual timed sewage discharge, the salt content always fluctuates between high and low limits, and because of the hysteresis of data control, there is still a certain amount of excessive discharge or insufficient discharge, which is not the best. Excellent pollution control scheme.

In view of the above-mentioned defects, the present invention provides a new intelligently controlled blowdown boiler system.

Contents of the invention

The invention monitors the pH value of the boiler steam drum in real time, automatically calculates the sewage discharge volume of the boiler according to the pH value, and adjusts the sewage discharge time and the sewage discharge speed according to the sewage discharge volume.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

A boiler system, including a monitoring and diagnostic controller and a boiler, the boiler includes a blowdown pipe arranged at the lower end of the boiler drum, a blowdown valve is arranged on the blowdown pipe, one end of the blowdown valve is connected to a valve adjustment device, the valve adjustment device and the monitoring and diagnosis controller Make a data connection so that the valve opening data is transmitted to the monitoring and diagnostic controller, and at the same time receive instructions from the monitoring and diagnostic controller to adjust the opening of the blowdown valve;

Described steam drum also comprises water quality analyzer, and described water quality analyzer comprises PH value testing unit, to measure the pH value of the water in steam drum, and described water quality analyzer carries out data connection with monitoring diagnosis controller, so that accept the measured pH data;

The boiler discharges sewage regularly, and the time of sewage discharge remains unchanged. The central diagnostic monitor automatically sets the sewage discharge speed according to the measured pH value, thereby automatically controlling the sewage discharge amount.

As preferably, when starting to blow down regularly, if the pH value detected by the monitoring and diagnosis controller is less than the upper limit value, then the monitoring and diagnosis controller closes the blowdown valve through the valve adjustment device; if the alkalinity value detected by the monitoring and diagnosis controller is greater than the upper limit value, the The above-mentioned central diagnostic monitor automatically sets the discharge volume according to the pH value.

Preferably, if the pH value detected by the monitoring and diagnosis controller is still greater than the upper limit value after the blowdown, the boiler sends out an alarm signal.

Preferably, as the pH value increases, the blowdown time increases continuously, and with the increase in the pH value, the extent of the continuous increase in the blowdown time becomes smaller and smaller.

As a preference, the discharge control method is as follows:

The central diagnostic monitor stores the reference data PH value J, sewage discharge time T, and sewage discharge speed V, which is the sewage discharge volume V*T that meets the requirements when the PH value of the water in the steam drum is J,

Then when the pH value becomes j, the blowdown time t and the blowdown speed v meet the following requirements:

t keeps the reference time T unchanged, and the discharge speed changes as follows:

v / V = e*Ln ((jJ _standard )/(JJ _standard ))+f, where e and f are parameters,

(jJ _standard )/(JJ _standard ) <1,1.03<e<1.0352, 1.01>f>1;

(jJ _standard )/(JJ _standard ) =1, f=1;

(jJ _standard )/(JJ _standard )>1, 1.0352<e<1.04;1.0>f>0.99;

The above formula needs to meet the following conditions: 0.85< (jJ _standard )/(JJ _standard ) <1.15;

In the above formula, the sewage discharge speed V, v is the sewage discharge speed in m/s, and the sewage discharge time T, t is in s.

Preferably, the J _standard is 10-11.

Preferably, (jJ _standard )/(JJ _standard ) <1, e=1.0338, f=1.0052.

Preferably, (jJ _standard )/(JJ _standard )>1, e=1.0379, f=0.9983.

Preferably, (jJ _standard )/(JJ _standard ) <1, as (jJ _standard )/(JJ _standard ) increases, e becomes larger and f becomes smaller.

As a preference, (jJ _standard )/(JJ _standard )>1, as j/J increases, e becomes larger and f becomes smaller.

Compared with the prior art, the boiler system of the present invention has the following advantages:

1) The present invention monitors the PH data of the drum water of each boiler in real time, automatically calculates the sewage discharge volume of the boiler, and adjusts the sewage discharge speed according to the sewage discharge volume when the sewage discharge time remains unchanged. Because the invention calculates the discharge amount automatically, compared with the prior art, the hysteresis is reduced and optimal discharge control can be realized.

2) The present invention stores the reference data into the controller, and the controller automatically calculates the quantity of sewage according to the PH data, which will greatly reduce the hysteresis error caused by valve adjustment.

3) The boiler of the present invention also has an automatic correction function. According to the detected water quality and sewage discharge, the benchmark data is automatically corrected to ensure the accuracy of regulation.

4) In the present invention, an internal heat exchange device with holes is provided in the riser, and the two-phase fluid is separated into a liquid phase and a vapor phase through the internal heat exchange device, the liquid phase is divided into small liquid masses, and the vapor phase is divided into small bubbles, thereby promoting The vapor phase flows smoothly, plays the role of stabilizing the flow rate, and has the effect of reducing vibration and noise. Moreover, by setting the split heat transfer device in the present invention, it is equivalent to increasing the inner area in the riser, strengthening the heat transfer, and improving the heat transfer effect. .

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of automatic control of blowdown system of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a front structural schematic view of an embodiment of the built-in components of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the built-in components of the present invention in the riser;

Fig. 4 is another schematic diagram of the arrangement of the built-in components of the present invention in the riser;

Fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of the control of the present invention.

1 steam drum, 2 water pipe, 3 flow meter, 4 pressure gauge, 5 thermometer, 6 water quality analyzer, 7 valve adjustment device, 8 sewage valve, 9 steam pipe, 10 sewage pipe, 11 flow meter, 12 central monitoring and diagnosis control device, 13 riser, 14 built-in parts, 15 holes, 16 flowmeter

Detailed ways

The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

In this article, if there is no special explanation, when it comes to formulas, "/" means division, and "×" and "*" mean multiplication.

As shown in FIG. 1 , a boiler thermal system includes at least one boiler for generating steam, and the boiler is connected in data with a monitoring and diagnostic controller 12 so as to monitor the operation of the boiler.

As shown in Fig. 1, the boiler includes an automatic control blowdown system, the boiler performs blowdown regularly, and the automatic control blowdown system is automatically controlled according to the pH value of the water in the boiler drum. The specific control system is as follows:

As shown in FIG. 1 , the boiler includes a flow meter 3 , a pressure gauge 4 and a thermometer 5 arranged on the steam outlet pipeline 9 for measuring the flow rate, pressure and temperature of the output steam. The flowmeter 3, the pressure gauge 4 and the thermometer 5 are respectively connected to the monitoring and diagnostic controller 12 for data, so that the measured data is transmitted to the monitoring and diagnosing controller 12. In the monitoring and diagnosing controller, according to the measured steam temperature, pressure, The flow rate calculates the steam mass per unit of time.

The boiler includes a blowdown pipe arranged at the lower end of the boiler drum 1, a blowdown valve 8 is arranged on the blowdown pipe, and one end of the blowdown valve 8 is connected to a valve adjustment device 7, and the valve adjustment device 7 is connected to the monitoring and diagnostic controller 12 for data connection, so that the valve The opening data is transmitted to the monitoring and diagnosing controller 12 (including the opening, opening and closing time, and opening and closing status, etc.), and at the same time, instructions are received from the monitoring and diagnosing controller 12 to adjust the opening, closing and opening of the blowdown valve 8 .

Described steam drum also comprises water quality analyzer 6, and described water quality analyzer comprises pH value testing unit, to measure the pH value of the water in steam drum, and described water quality analyzer carries out data connection with monitoring and diagnosis controller, so that accept measurement PH data.

The blowdown pipe further includes a flow meter 11 for measuring the blowdown flow. The flow meter 11 is in data connection with the monitoring and diagnosing controller 12 so as to transmit the data to the monitoring and diagnosing controller 12 . The monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 calculates the sewage discharge amount per unit time according to the flow rate, thereby calculating the sewage discharge quality per unit time. The sewage quality can be calculated by using the empirical sewage density, or can be calculated by calling the data stored in the controller 12 by measuring the temperature of the sewage (it is necessary to install a temperature sensor on the main sewage pipe to measure the temperature of the sewage).

A flow meter 16 is arranged on the main water inlet pipe 2 (including return water and replenishment water) of the boiler to detect the flow of water entering the boiler. The data is transmitted to the monitoring and diagnosing controller 12, and the monitoring and diagnosing controller 12 calculates the flow of water entering the boiler per unit time according to the measured flow, thereby calculating the quality of water entering the boiler per unit time. The quality of water can be calculated by using the density of water, or by measuring the temperature of the water (the main water inlet pipe 2 needs to be equipped with a temperature sensor to measure the temperature of the water) to specifically call the data stored in the controller 12 to calculate.

Of course, the water entering the boiler is the sum of the water volumes of the circulating return pipe and the water supply pipe. As a preference, a flow meter connected to the monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 can be respectively provided on the water supply pipe and the circulating water pipe, and the total amount of water entering the boiler per unit time can be calculated by calculating the sum of the two flows. The present invention can adopt various control strategies to control the amount of pollutant discharge.

The boiler discharges sewage regularly, and the central diagnostic monitor automatically sets the sewage discharge amount according to the detected PH data.

The sewage discharge amount is calculated by the sewage discharge speed and the sewage discharge time, that is, the sewage discharge amount=the sewage discharge speed*the sewage discharge time. The blowdown speed is preferably the blowdown mass per unit time mentioned above, which is detected by the flow meter 11 , and the blowdown time is calculated by controlling the opening time of the valve 8 .

The control strategy is as follows:

When starting to blow down regularly, if the value of PH detected by the monitoring and diagnostic controller 12 is less than the lower limit, it indicates that blowdown is not needed, so the monitoring and diagnosing controller 12 closes the blowdown valve 8 through the valve adjustment device 7 (if the blowdown valve is closed, directly keep blowdown valve is closed). Through the above operations, excessive sewage discharge can be avoided, resulting in waste of energy. If the detected PH value is greater than the upper limit, it indicates that blowdown is required, which may affect the life of the boiler. The central diagnostic monitor 12 automatically sets the blowdown amount according to the ratio between the steam quality and the water quality input into the boiler.

If the pH value detected by the monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 is still greater than the upper limit value after the blowdown, the boiler sends a prompt signal.

Preferably, as the pH value increases, the amount of sewage discharge increases continuously, and with the increase of the pH value, the magnitude of the continuous increase in the amount of sewage discharge becomes smaller and smaller.

It is found in the research that along with the increase of the detected steam drum pH value, the sewage discharge will also increase, and the increasing range is getting smaller and smaller. It should be noted that this change rule is first discovered by the applicant through a large number of studies. And the improvement carried out according to its law is not easy to think of in this field, and belongs to an inventive point of the present invention. Through the above-mentioned change in the relationship between the increase in sewage discharge volume and the pH value, it can correspond to the actual sewage discharge volume, improve the sewage discharge efficiency as soon as possible, and avoid heat loss.

In actual research, it is found that there needs to be an optimal relationship between the PH value and the discharge amount. If the pH value of the steam drum is too high, the discharge amount must also be large, otherwise the discharge effect will not be achieved. If the PH value of the steam drum is small, the sewage discharge is also required to be small, otherwise it will cause waste of heat. Therefore, the amount of sewage discharge should not be too large or too small. If it is too large, it will cause heat loss, and if it is too small, it will lead to poor sewage discharge effect. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately determine the size of the appropriate sewage discharge. The present invention obtains the optimal relationship between the pH value and the discharge amount through a large number of numerical calculations and experimental researches.

The central diagnostic monitor 12 stores benchmark data: PH value J, blowdown time T, blowdown speed V (that is, flow rate of blowdown water), which means that when the boiler drum’s pH value is J, the blowdown volume V*T meets blowdown requirements.

Benchmark data refers to data that meets certain pollution discharge conditions. For example, it can meet the water quality requirements within a certain range, or require the minimum amount of sewage discharge when the water quality reaches a certain level.

If the pH value becomes j, the blowdown time t and the blowdown speed v satisfy one of the following three different operating modes:

The first mode: v keeps the reference speed V unchanged, and the blowdown time changes as follows:

t/T=c*Ln ((jJ _standard )/(JJ _standard ))+d, where c and d are parameters, 1.04<c<1.05, 0.99<d<1.01;

(jJ _standard )/(JJ _standard ) <1, 1.04<c<1.0457, 1.01>d>1; preferably, c=1.0442, d=1.0064,

(jJ _standard )/(JJ _standard ) =1, d=1;

(jJ _standard )/(JJ _standard )>1, 1.0457<c<1.05;1.0>d>0.99; preferably, c=1.0483, d=0.9985;

Preferably, as (jJ _standard )/(JJ _standard ) increases, c becomes larger and d becomes smaller;

The second mode: t keeps the reference time T unchanged, and the sewage discharge speed changes as follows:

v / V = e*Ln ((jJ _standard )/(JJ _standard ))+f, where e and f are parameters, 1.03<e<1.04, 0.99<f<1.01;

(jJ _standard )/(JJ _standard ) <1, 1.03<e<1.0352, 1.01>f>1; preferred, e=1.0338, f=1.0052,

(jJ _standard )/(JJ _standard ) =1, f=1;

(jJ _standard )/(JJ _standard )>1, 1.0352<e<1.04;1.0>f>0.99; preferably, e=1.0379, f=0.9983;

Preferably, as (jJ _standard )/(JJ _standard ) increases, e becomes larger and f becomes smaller;

The third mode: v and t are variable, and the relationship between the sewage discharge time and the sewage discharge speed is as follows:

(v*t)/(V*T)=a*Ln((jJ _standard )/(JJ _standard ))+b, a and b are parameters, satisfying the following formula:

(jJ _standard )/(JJ _standard ) <1, 1.040<a<1.047, 1.0<b<1.007;

(jJ _standard )/(JJ _standard ) =1, b=1;

(jJ _standard )/(JJ _standard )>1, 1.047<a<1.05;0.992<b<1;

Preferably, (jJ _standard )/(JJ _standard ) <1, a=1.035, b=0.996.

Preferably, (jJ _standard )/(JJ _standard )>1, a=1.049, b=1.003.

Preferably, (jJ _standard )/(JJ _standard ) <1, as (jJ _standard )/(JJ _standard ) increases, a becomes larger and b becomes smaller.

Preferably, (jJ _standard )/(JJ _standard )>1, as j/J increases, a becomes larger and b becomes smaller.

The J _standard is the pH value that meets the requirements for normal operation of the boiler, preferably the upper limit value of the pH that meets the requirements. The J _standard is preferably 10-11, more preferably 10.5.

The following conditions need to be met in the formulas of the above three modes: 0.85<=(jJ _standard )/(JJ _standard )<=1.15;

In the above formula, the sewage discharge speed V, v is the sewage discharge speed in m/s, and the sewage discharge time T, t is in s.

Said reference data is stored in the central diagnostic monitor 12 .

Preferably, the central diagnostic monitor 12 stores sets of baseline data.

As a preference, when multiple sets of reference data are satisfied, the first mode selects a set of t with the smallest value of (1-t/T) ² ; of course, the first set of t that meets the requirements can also be selected, or from the set of t that meets the conditions Randomly select a group of

As a preference, when multiple sets of benchmark data are satisfied, the second mode selects a set of v with the smallest value of (1-v/V) ² ; of course, the first set of v that meets the requirements can also be selected, or from the set of v that meets the conditions Randomly select a group of

Preferably, the third mode selects a group of v and t with the smallest value of ((1-v/V) ² + (1-t/T) ² ); of course, the first group of v and t that meets the requirements can also be selected, A group can also be randomly selected from v and t that meet the conditions;

In practical applications, multiple groups of reference data are stored in the programmable controller, and then the central diagnostic monitor 12 is based on the detected pH value data, and in the case of satisfying 0.85<=(jJ _standard )/(JJ _standard )<=1.15, in Automatically select the appropriate benchmark data as a basis.

Preferably, when there are two or more sets of benchmark data, an interface for user-selected benchmark data can be provided. Preferably, the system can automatically select ((1-v/V) ² + (1-t/T) ² ) with the smallest value.

Only one of the three modes may be stored in the programmable controller, or two or three of them may be stored in the programmable controller.

Preferably, the boiler also has a correction function. As preferably, when regular blowdown is required, if the blowdown does not reach the automatically calculated blowdown, the pH value detected by the monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 meets the water quality requirements, then the monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 controls the blowdown valve to close, if at this time If the discharge amount is less than the reference discharge amount (V*T) with a certain error, such as preferably 5%, then the monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 will automatically store the new discharge time, discharge speed and pH value in the monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 as reference data.

If the sewage discharge amount reaches the base sewage discharge quantity, but the sewage discharge quality does not meet the requirements, then the monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 controls the blowdown valve to continue blowdown until the water quality detected by the monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 meets the water quality requirements, then the monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 controls the blowdown valve to close , if the amount of blowdown is greater than the reference blowdown amount (i.e. V*T) with a certain error, such as preferably 5%, then the monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 automatically stores the new blowdown time, blowdown speed and PH value as benchmark data in the monitoring and diagnosis control Device 12.

The above-mentioned correction function may be performed periodically or automatically during operation.

Preferably, the stored new benchmark data has a higher priority than previous benchmark data.

Preferably, after the new benchmark data is stored, the previous benchmark data is automatically deleted.

The steam drum is connected to the rising pipe 13, and the rising pipe 13 is provided with a plurality of branch heat switching components 14 at intervals. The branch heat switching components 14 are shown in Figures 2 and 3, and the branch heat switching components 14 are An integrated structural member extending along the height direction of the riser tube 13, the branch heat transfer component is provided with a number of holes 15, and the holes 15 penetrate the branch heat transfer component in the height direction of the riser tube.

The fluid in the riser is generally a vapor-liquid two-phase flow during the upward process, so that the fluid in the riser is a mixture of vapor and liquid. The existence of the vapor-liquid two-phase flow affects the heat absorption efficiency of the riser. On the other hand, the section from the riser outlet to the upper drum, because the space of this section suddenly becomes larger, the space change will cause the gas to flow upward rapidly and gather, so the space change will cause the accumulated vapor phase (vapor cluster) Entering the upper drum from the riser position, due to the difference in gas (steam) and liquid density, the air mass will move upward quickly when it leaves the connecting pipe position, and the liquid in the original space of the air mass that is pushed away from the wall by the air mass will also rebound quickly and hit the wall, forming impact phenomenon. The more discontinuous the gas (vapor) liquid phase, the greater the accumulation of air masses and the greater the impact energy. The impact phenomenon will cause large noise vibration and mechanical shock, causing damage to the equipment.

In the present invention, a split heat transfer component is arranged in the riser, and the liquid phase and the vapor phase in the two-phase fluid are separated through the split heat transfer component, the liquid phase is divided into small liquid masses, and the vapor phase is divided into small bubbles to avoid liquid phase The complete separation from the vapor phase promotes the smooth flow of the liquid phase and the vapor phase, plays a role in stabilizing the flow rate, and has the effect of reducing vibration and noise.

In the present invention, by arranging split heat transfer components, it is equivalent to increasing the internal heat transfer area in the riser 13, strengthening the heat transfer, and improving the heat transfer effect.

Because the present invention divides the vapor-liquid two-phase at all cross-sectional positions of the riser 13, the vapor-liquid interface and the separation of the vapor-phase boundary layer and the contact area of the cooling wall surface are realized on the entire riser cross-section, and the disturbance is greatly enhanced. The noise and vibration are reduced, and the heat transfer is enhanced.

Preferably, small holes are provided between adjacent holes 15 to achieve penetration. By setting small holes, it can ensure that the adjacent holes are connected to each other, and the pressure between the holes can be evened out, so that the fluid in the high-pressure channel flows to the low pressure, and at the same time, the liquid phase and the vapor phase can be further separated while the fluid is flowing. It is beneficial to further stabilize the two-phase flow.

Preferably, along the flow direction of the fluid in the riser 13 (that is, the height direction in FIG. 4 ), a plurality of branch heat switching components 14 are arranged in the riser 13, and adjacent branch switches are arranged from the inlet of the riser to the outlet of the riser. The distance between hot components is getting shorter and shorter. Suppose the distance from the inlet of the riser is H, the distance between adjacent branch heat transfer components is S, S=F ₁ (H), that is, S is a function of the distance H as a variable, and S' is the first derivative of S, Meet the following requirements:

S'<0;

The main reason is that the gas in the riser will carry the liquid during the rise. During the rise, the riser is continuously heated, resulting in more and more gas in the gas-liquid two-phase flow, because the vapor-liquid two-phase flow There are more and more vapor phases in the riser, the heat exchange capacity in the riser will be relatively weakened with the increase of vapor phase, and the vibration and noise will also increase continuously with the increase of vapor phase. Therefore, the distance between adjacent branch heat transfer components that needs to be set becomes shorter and shorter.

In addition, the section from the outlet of the riser 13 to the steam drum 1, because the space of this section suddenly becomes larger, the space change will cause the gas to flow upward rapidly and accumulate, so the space change will cause the accumulated vapor phase (vapor cluster) to change from When the rising pipe enters the condensing header, due to the difference in gas (steam) and liquid density, the air mass will move upward quickly when it leaves the connecting pipe, and the liquid in the original space of the air mass that is pushed away from the wall by the air mass will also rebound quickly and hit the wall, forming a collision Phenomenon. The more discontinuous the gas (steam) liquid phase, the greater the accumulation of air masses and the greater the energy of water hammer. The impact phenomenon will cause large noise vibration and mechanical shock, causing damage to the equipment. Therefore, in order to avoid this phenomenon, the distance between the adjacent branch heat transfer components is getting shorter and shorter, so as to continuously separate the gas phase and liquid phase during fluid delivery, thereby reducing vibration and noise to the greatest extent. .

Through experiments, it is found that through the above-mentioned setting, the vibration and noise can be reduced to the greatest extent, and the heat exchange effect can be improved at the same time.

Further preferably, from the inlet of the riser to the outlet of the riser, the distance between adjacent branch heat transfer components becomes shorter and shorter. That is, S" is the second derivative of S, which meets the following requirements:

S”>0;

Through experiments, it is found that by setting in this way, the vibration and noise can be further reduced by about 9%, and the heat exchange effect can be improved by about 7%.

Preferably, the length of each branch heat transfer component 14 remains unchanged.

Preferably, except for the distance between adjacent branch heat transfer components 14 , other parameters of the branch heat transfer components (such as length, pipe diameter, etc.) remain unchanged.

As preferably, along the flow direction of the fluid in the riser pipe (the fluid flows upward), a plurality of branch heat transfer components 14 are arranged in the riser pipe, and the length of the branch heat transfer members 14 is gradually increased from the inlet of the riser pipe to the outlet of the riser pipe. longer. That is, the length of the split heat transfer part is C, C=F ₂ (X), and C' is the first derivative of C, which meets the following requirements:

C'>0;

Further preferably, from the inlet of the riser to the outlet of the riser, the length of the branch heat-switching component increases continuously. That is, C" is the second derivative of C, which meets the following requirements:

C”>0;

The specific reason is the same as the change of the distance between adjacent branch heat transfer components.

Preferably, the distance between adjacent branch heat transfer components remains unchanged.

Preferably, except for the length of the branch heat transfer part, other parameters of the branch heat transfer part (such as adjacent spacing, pipe diameter, etc.) remain unchanged.

As preferably, along the flow direction of the fluid in the riser pipe (that is, along the extension direction of the riser pipe), a plurality of branch heat transfer components are arranged in the riser pipe. From the inlet of the riser pipe to the outlet of the riser pipe, different branch heat transfer members The diameter of the hole 15 is getting smaller and smaller. That is, the hole diameter of the split heat transfer component is D, D=F ₃ (X), D' is the first derivative of D, and meets the following requirements:

D'<0;

Preferably, from the inlet of the riser to the outlet of the riser, the hole diameters of the different branch heat transfer components become smaller and larger. which is

D" is the second derivative of D, which meets the following requirements:

D”>0.

The specific reason is the same as the change of the distance between adjacent branch heat transfer components.

Preferably, the length of the branch heat-switching components and the distance between adjacent branch heat-switching components remain unchanged.

Preferably, except for the hole diameter of the branch heat exchange component, other parameters of the branch heat exchange component (such as length, distance between adjacent branch heat exchange components, etc.) remain unchanged.

Further preferably, as shown in FIG. 4 , a groove is arranged inside the riser, and the outer wall of the branch heat transfer component 14 is arranged in the groove.

Further preferably, as shown in FIG. 4 , the riser is welded in a multi-stage structure, and branch heat transfer components 14 are arranged at the joints of the multi-stage structures. In this way, the manufacture of the riser with the branch heat transfer component is simplified and the cost is reduced.

Through analysis and experiments, it is known that the distance between the split heat transfer parts should not be too large. If it is too large, the effect of shock absorption and noise reduction will not be good. The outer diameter cannot be too large or too small, which will also lead to poor shock and noise reduction effects or excessive resistance. Therefore, through a large number of experiments, the present invention first satisfies the normal flow resistance (the total pressure is below 2.5Mpa) , or the resistance along the path of a single riser is less than or equal to 5Pa/M), so that the vibration and noise reduction can be optimized, and the best relationship of each parameter has been sorted out.

The hole is circular, preferably, the distance between adjacent branch heat transfer parts is J, the length of the branch heat transfer parts is L, the inner diameter of the riser is M, the radius of the hole is A, and the center of the adjacent hole is The distance B between them meets the following requirements:

J/L=f-g*LN(M/(2*A));

B/(2*A) = h*(M/(2*A))-i*(M/(2*A)) ² -e

Where LN is a logarithmic function, f, g, h, i, e are parameters, among which 3.0<f<3.5,0.5<g<0.6; 2.9<h<3.1,0.33<i<0.37,4.8<e<5.3;

The distance J between branch heat-switching components is the distance between the opposite ends of adjacent branch heat-switching components; that is, the distance between the tail end of the front branch heat-switching component and the front end of the rear branch heat-switching component. For details, refer to the identification in Figure 3.

34<M<58mm;

4<A<6mm;

17<L<25mm;

32<J<40mm;

1.05<B/(2*A)<1.25.

Preferably, f=3.20, g=0.54, h=3.03, i=0.35, e=5.12.

Preferably, the length of the riser is between 3000-8500mm. More preferably, between 4500-5500mm.

Further preferably, 40mm<M<50mm;

9mm<2A<10mm;

22mm<L<24mm;

35mm<J<38mm.

By optimizing the optimal geometric scale of the above formula, the best effect of shock and noise reduction can be achieved under normal flow resistance conditions.

Further preferably, with the increase of M/A, f decreases continuously and g increases continuously.

For other parameters, such as pipe wall, shell wall thickness and other parameters can be set according to normal standards.

Preferably, the hole 15 extends along the entire length of the branch heat transfer component 14 . That is, the length of the hole 15 is equal to the length of the branch heat transfer component 14 .

As a preference, when the angle formed by the rising pipe and the horizontal plane is C, the correction coefficient k can be added to correct the data, namely

k*J/L=fg*LN(M/(2*A)); k=1/sin(C) ^d , where 0.09<d<0.11, preferably d=0.10.

20°<C<80°, preferably 40-60°.

Although the present invention has been disclosed above with preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, so the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the scope defined in the claims.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of boiler system, including central diagnosis monitor and boiler, the boiler includes being arranged in boiler drum lower end Blow-off pipe, blowdown valve, blowdown valve one end connecting valve regulating device are arranged on blow-off pipe, and adjustment mechanism for valve is supervised with central diagnosis It controls device and carries out data connection, to give valve opening data transfer to central diagnosis monitor, while from central diagnostic monitor Receive instruction, adjusts the aperture of blowdown valve；

The drum further includes Water Test Kits, and the Water Test Kits includes pH value test cell, to measure the water in drum PH value, the Water Test Kits and central diagnosis monitor carry out data connection, to receive the PH data measured；

The boiler periodically carries out blowdown, and blowing time remains unchanged, the central diagnosis monitor according to the pH value of measurement from Dynamic setting blowdown speed, to automatically control blowdown flow rate；

Blowdown flow rate control mode is as follows：

Central diagnosis monitor is stored in reference data pH value J and blowing time T, blowdown speed V, indicates that the pH value of water in drum is When J, blowdown flow rate V*T is met the requirements,

When then pH value becomes j, blowing time t and blowdown speed v meet following require：

T keeps fiducial time T constant, and blowdown velocity variations are as follows：

v / V = e*Ln（（j-J_Standard）/(J-J_Standard)）+ f, wherein e, f are parameter,

（j-J_Standard）/(J-J_Standard) <1,1.03<e<1.0352 1.01>f>1;

（j-J_Standard）/(J-J_Standard) =1, f=1；

（j-J_Standard）/(J-J_Standard)>1, 1.0352<e<1.04；1.0>f>0.99;

It needs to meet following condition in above-mentioned formula：0.85<（j-J_Standard）/(J-J_Standard) <1.15；

In above-mentioned formula, blowdown speed V, v are the sewage speed of discharge, and the unit of unit m/s, blowing time T, t are s.

2. boiler system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that when starting periodically to carry out blowdown, if central diagnosis is supervised The pH value for controlling device detection is less than limit value, then central diagnosis monitor closes blowdown valve by adjustment mechanism for valve；In if The basicity value of diagnostic monitor detection is entreated to be more than limit value, the central diagnosis monitor sets blowdown automatically according to pH value Amount.

3. boiler system as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that if after blowdown, the PH of central diagnosis monitor detection Value is still more than limit value, then boiler sends out alarm signal.

4. boiler system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that J_StandardFor 10-11.

5. boiler system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that（j-J_Standard）/(J-J_Standard) <1, e=1.0338,f= 1.0052。

6. boiler system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that（j-J_Standard）/(J-J_Standard)>1, e=1.0379,f= 0.9983。

7. boiler system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that（j-J_Standard）/(J-J_Standard) <1, with（j-J_Standard）/(J- J_Standard) increase, e is increasing, and f is smaller and smaller.