CN107166365B - A kind of steam boiler system of intelligent control blowdown speed - Google Patents
A kind of steam boiler system of intelligent control blowdown speed Download PDFInfo
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- CN107166365B CN107166365B CN201710364149.1A CN201710364149A CN107166365B CN 107166365 B CN107166365 B CN 107166365B CN 201710364149 A CN201710364149 A CN 201710364149A CN 107166365 B CN107166365 B CN 107166365B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
- F22B37/56—Boiler cleaning control devices, e.g. for ascertaining proper duration of boiler blow-down
- F22B37/565—Blow-down control, e.g. for ascertaining proper duration of boiler blow-down
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of intelligent control boiler systems, the water of quantity of steam and input boiler that the system is generated according to boiler carries out automatically controlling, the boiler periodically carries out blowdown, blowdown speed remains unchanged, the central diagnosis monitor sets blowdown speed automatically according to the ratio between quality of steam and the quality for the water for inputting boiler, to automatically control blowdown flow rate.The present invention obtains input water and calculates the blowdown flow rate of boiler automatically according to dynamic proportion relationship than relationship with the dynamic for generating quantity of steam, blowdown speed is adjusted according to blowdown flow rate by monitoring the input water of every boiler in real time and generating quantity of steam.The present invention can realize optimal blowdown control because being that automatic calculating blowing time reduces hysteresis quality compared with prior art.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to steam boiler fields, belong to the fields F22.
Background technology
In operation, with the output of steam, pot water is concentrated steam boiler.When salinity increases to a certain extent,
Pot water will produce foam, and priming occurs, and steam causes serious false water level largely with water, makes furnace control not
Surely.Therefore the salt concentration of pot water must be controlled, it is ensured that quality of steam and boiler operatiopn safety.
There is national standard in China to Industrial Boiler water quality, such as in GB1576-2001, to pressure be 1.6~
2.5Mpa, the steam boiler with superheater are, it is specified that the dissolved solid concentration (TDS) of pot water must not exceed 2500mg/L.Its
In, it is a pot water salt content that dissolved solid, which can be approximately considered,.
The main method of control pot water salt content is, in operation with the output of steam, using the method for surface blow-off,
The high pot water of a part of salinity, and the accordingly low make-up water of supplement salinity, realization pair is discharged in the downside of drum evaporating surface
The dilution of pot water salinity.If blowdown flow rate is insufficient, the salinity of pot water can be higher and higher；Conversely, if blowdown flow rate is excessive,
What it is because of discharge is the pot water containing a large amount of thermal energy, can cause the waste of energy loss and soft water resource.The optimal side of energy-saving and emission-reduction
Case is with minimum blowdown flow rate, and control boiler water quality is up to standard, it is ensured that safe operation improves the thermal efficiency.
Most domestic Industrial Boiler opens or closes blowdown valve using artificial timing (per tour is once or several times).This biography
The method for discharging pollution of system cannot achieve the control on demand of blowdown flow rate.It, generally can only be by maximum possibility in face of the variation of steam flow
Evaporation capacity excess emitters, cause energy waste.Even so, it is centainly qualified that pot water is still difficult to guarantee when load variations are big.
To realize on-demand continuous blowdown, both at home and abroad all in research autocontrol method.Such as 201510601501X is according to pot
The steam-water ratio of stove carries out automatic pollution discharge, but existing method for discharging pollution is all that a certain parameter reaches a certain level at present, is beaten automatically
Blowdown valve is opened, when a certain parameter drops to a certain lower bound, closes blowdown valve.Though this interval-automatic method for discharging pollution is than artificial timing
Blowdown improves to some extent, but the salt content fluctuation up and down in high and low limit section always, and because of the hysteresis quality that data control, still
There are certain excessive emissions or discharge insufficient, is not optimal blowdown control program.
For above-mentioned defect, the present invention provides a kind of boiler systems of the blowdown of new intelligent control.
Invention content
The present invention is by monitoring the rate of water make-up of every boiler in real time and generate quantity of steam, obtaining rate of water make-up and generating quantity of steam
Dynamic than relationship, according to dynamic proportion relationship, the automatic blowdown flow rate for calculating boiler, according to blowdown flow rate come adjust blowing time and
Blowdown speed.
To achieve the goals above, technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of boiler system, including central diagnosis monitor and boiler, the boiler include being arranged in steam (vapor) outlet pipeline
On flowmeter, pressure gauge and thermometer, for measures export steam flow velocity, pressure and temperature；The flowmeter, pressure gauge
Data connection is carried out with monitoring and diagnosis controller respectively with thermometer, so that the data transfer that will be measured is controlled to monitoring and diagnosis
Device, according to the vapor (steam) temperature of measurement, pressure, the quality of steam of flow relocity calculation unit interval in monitoring and diagnosis controller；
The boiler includes the blow-off pipe that setting is connect with boiler drum, and blowdown valve, blowdown valve one end is arranged on blow-off pipe
Connecting valve regulating device, adjustment mechanism for valve and monitoring and diagnosis controller carry out data connection, so as to by blowdown valve opening number
According to passing to monitoring and diagnosis controller, while receiving instruction from monitoring and diagnosis controller, adjusts the aperture of blowdown valve；
Flowmeter is set on the water inlet manifold of the boiler, for detect into the flow in boiler, the flowmeter and
Monitoring and diagnosis controller carries out data connection, so that the data transfer that will be measured gives monitoring and diagnosis controller, monitoring and diagnosis control
Device enters the quality of the water of boiler according to the flow rate calculation unit interval of measurement；
The boiler periodically carries out blowdown, and blowing time remains unchanged, and the central diagnosis monitor is according to quality of steam
Ratio between the quality of the water of input boiler sets blowdown speed automatically, to automatically control blowdown flow rate.
Preferably, when starting periodically to carry out blowdown, if the quality of steam of monitoring and diagnosis controller detection and input pot
Ratio between the quality of the water of stove is less than limit value, then monitoring and diagnosis controller closes blowdown by adjustment mechanism for valve
Valve；If the ratio between the quality of steam of monitoring and diagnosis controller detection and the quality of the water of input boiler is more than upper limit number
Value, the central diagnosis monitor set blowdown speed automatically according to the ratio between quality of steam and the quality for the water for inputting boiler
Degree.
Preferably, if after blowdown, the quality of the quality of steam and the water of input boiler of the detection of monitoring and diagnosis controller
Between ratio still be more than limit value, then boiler send out standby signal.
Preferably, with the increase of the ratio between quality of steam and the quality for the water for inputting boiler, blowdown speed is not
It is disconnected to increase, and with the increase of the ratio between quality of steam and the quality for the water for inputting boiler, blowdown speed is continuously increased
Amplitude it is increasing.
Preferably, blowdown flow rate control mode is as follows：
Central diagnosis monitor is stored in reference data quality of steam MSteam, input boiler water mass MWaterAnd blowing time
T, blowdown speed V is quality of steam and inputs the ratio M between the quality of the water of boilerSteam/MWaterWhen the blowdown flow rate that meets the requirements
V*T,
Then quality of steam becomes mSteam, input boiler the quality of water become mWaterWhen, blowing time t and blowdown speed v
Meet following require：
T keeps fiducial time T constant, and blowdown velocity variations are as follows：
v / V =(（mSteam/mWater）*（MWater/ MSteam）)d, wherein d be parameter, 1.04<d<1.07;
It needs to meet following condition in above-mentioned formula：0.85<（mSteam/mWater）*（MWater/ MSteam）<1.15；
In above-mentioned formula, temperature MSteam、mSteamIt is the quality of steam generated the unit interval, unit is Kg/s, MWater、mWaterIt is unit
The quality of the water of time input, unit are Kg/s, and blowdown speed V, v are the sewage speed of discharge, unit m/s, blowing time
The unit of T, t are s.
Preferably, d=1.053.
Preferably, central diagnosis monitor stores multigroup reference data.
Preferably, when meeting multigroup reference data, choose（1-v/V）2Value minimum one group of v.
Preferably, the drum connection tedge and down-comer, multiple cuttings heat exchange are arranged in the interior interval of the tedge
Component, the cutting heat exchanger components extend along tedge short transverse, are provided on the cutting heat exchanger components a number of
Hole, the hole tedge short transverse penetrate through cutting heat exchanger components.
Compared with prior art, boiler system of the invention has the following advantages：
1）The present invention obtains input water and generation by monitoring the input water of every boiler in real time and generating quantity of steam
The dynamic of quantity of steam is than relationship, and according to dynamic proportion relationship, the automatic blowdown flow rate for calculating boiler is remained unchanged in blowing time
In the case of, blowdown speed is adjusted according to blowdown flow rate.The present invention is because be that the automatic blowdown flow rate that calculates subtracts compared with prior art
Few hysteresis quality can realize optimal blowdown control.
2）Reference data is stored in controller by the present invention, and controller is according to the carrying capacity of calculating and moving for generation quantity of steam
State is than relationship, and automatic to calculate blowdown quantity, this quantity can substantially reduce the hysteresis quality error brought because of valve regulated.
3）The boiler of the present invention also has zero offset capability.Base value is corrected automatically according to the water quality blowdown situation of detection
According to, ensure regulation and control accuracy.
4）Cutting heat-exchanger rig is arranged in the present invention in tedge, and two-phase fluid is separated into liquid by cutting heat-exchanger rig
Phase and vapour phase, are divided into small liquid group by liquid phase, vapour phase are divided into minute bubbles, promotes vapour phase smooth outflow, plays regime flow
Effect, have the effect of vibration and noise reducing, and the present invention cuts heat-exchanger rig by setting, is equivalent to and increases in tedge
Inner area, enhances heat exchange, improves heat transfer effect.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that drainage of the present invention automatically controls；
Fig. 2 is the main structure diagram of present invention cutting heat exchanger components one embodiment；
Fig. 3 is present invention cutting heat exchanger components arrangement schematic diagram in tedge；
Fig. 4 is another schematic diagram that present invention cutting heat exchanger components are arranged in tedge；
Fig. 5 is the flow diagram that the present invention controls.
1 drum, 2 water-supply-pipes, 3 flowmeters, 4 pressure gauges, 5 thermometers, 6 Water Test Kits, 7 adjustment mechanism for valve, 8 blowdowns
Valve, 9 steam pipes, 10 blow-off pipes, 11 flowmeters, 12 central monitoring diagnosing controllers, 13 tedges, 14 cutting heat exchanger components, 15
Hole, 16 flowmeters.
Specific implementation mode
The specific implementation mode of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Herein, if without specified otherwise, it is related to formula, "/" indicates that division, "×", " * " indicate multiplication.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of boiler thermodynamic system, the boiler thermodynamic system includes an at least boiler, for generating
Steam, the boiler carries out data connection with monitoring and diagnosis controller 12, to be monitored to the operation of boiler.
As shown in Figure 1, the boiler includes automatically controlling drainage, the boiler periodically carries out blowdown, described automatic
The water of quantity of steam and input boiler that control of sewage disposal system is generated according to boiler carries out automatically controlling.Specific control system is such as
Under：
As shown in Figure 1, the boiler includes the flowmeter 3, pressure gauge 4 and thermometer being arranged on steam (vapor) outlet pipeline 9
5, flow velocity, pressure and temperature for measuring output steam.The flowmeter 3, pressure gauge 4 and thermometer 5 are examined with monitoring respectively
Disconnected controller 12 carries out data connection, and the data transfer to measure is controlled to monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 in monitoring and diagnosis
According to the vapor (steam) temperature of measurement, pressure, the quality of steam of flow relocity calculation unit interval in device.
The boiler includes the blow-off pipe being arranged in 1 lower end of boiler drum, and blowdown valve 8, blowdown valve 8 one is arranged on blow-off pipe
Connecting valve regulating device 7 is held, adjustment mechanism for valve 7 carries out data connection with monitoring and diagnosis controller 12, to open valve
Degrees of data passes to（Including opening size, opening/closing time and open and-shut mode etc.）Monitoring and diagnosis controller 12, while being examined from monitoring
Disconnected controller 12 receives instruction, adjusts opening, closing and the opening size of blowdown valve 8.
Further comprise flowmeter 11 on the blow-off pipe, measures the flow of blowdown.The flowmeter 11 and monitoring and diagnosis
Controller 12 carries out data connection, to pass data to monitoring and diagnosis controller 12.Monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 is according to stream
Gauge calculates the blowdown flow rate of unit interval, to calculate blowdown quality.The close of the sewerage of experience may be used in blowdown quality
It spends to calculate, can also pass through and measure blowdown coolant-temperature gage（It needs that temperature sensor is arranged in total blown pipe, measures the temperature of sewerage
Degree）Specifically the data stored in controller 12 is called to calculate.
The water inlet manifold 2 of the boiler（Including return water and moisturizing）Upper setting flowmeter 16 enters for detecting in boiler
Water flow, the flowmeter 16 and monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 carry out data connection, to give the data transfer of measurement
Monitoring and diagnosis controller 12, monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 enter the stream of the water of boiler according to the flow rate calculation unit interval of measurement
Amount, to calculate the quality that the unit interval enters the water of boiler.The density of water may be used to calculate in the quality of water, can also
By the temperature for measuring water（It needs water inlet manifold 2 that temperature sensor is set, measures the temperature of water）Specifically call controller 12
The data of middle storage calculate.
Certainly, it is the water summation of both recirculation return pipe and water supply pipe into the water of boiler.Preferably, can mend
The flowmeter with 12 data connection of monitoring and diagnosis controller is respectively set on water pipe and circulating water pipe, by calculate both flow it
With enter the total water of boiler to the unit of account time.The present invention may be used various control strategy and carry out control of sewage disposal amount.
The boiler periodically carries out blowdown, and the central diagnosis monitor is according to the matter of quality of steam and the water of input boiler
Ratio between amount sets blowdown flow rate automatically.
The blowdown flow rate is calculated by blowdown speed and blowing time, i.e. blowdown flow rate=blowdown speed * blowing times.Institute
It states blowdown speed and is preferably foregoing unit interval blowdown quality, detected by flowmeter 11, the blowing time is logical
The time of the opening of control valve 8 is spent to calculate.
Control strategy is as follows：
The ratio of the quality of steam that monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 calculates and the quality of the water of input boiler is less than lower limiting value, then
Show that blowdown rate is excessively high, therefore monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 closes blowdown valve 8 by adjustment mechanism for valve 7.By aforesaid operations,
Can be excessive to avoid blowdown, cause the waste of the energy.If the ratio of quality of steam and the quality of the water of input boiler is more than upper
Limit value then shows that blowdown rate is too low, may influence the service life of boiler, the central diagnosis monitor 12 according to quality of steam with
The ratio inputted between the quality of the water of boiler sets blowdown flow rate automatically.
Preferably, the blowdown speed remains unchanged, the central diagnosis monitor 12 is according to quality of steam and input
Ratio between the quality of the water of boiler sets blowing time automatically.
Preferably, the blowing time remains unchanged, the central diagnosis monitor 12 is according to quality of steam and input
Ratio between the quality of the water of boiler sets blowdown speed automatically.
If after blowdown, the ratio between quality of steam and the quality for the water for inputting boiler that monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 detects
Value is still more than limit value, then boiler sends out standby signal.
Preferably, with the increase of the ratio between quality of steam and the quality for the water for inputting boiler, blowdown flow rate is continuous
Increase, and with the increase of the ratio between quality of steam and the quality for the water for inputting boiler, the ever-increasing width of blowdown flow rate
It spends increasing.
It finds under study for action, with the increase of the ratio of Boiler Steam and the quality of water, the increased amplitude of blowdown flow rate is also wanted
Increase, and this higher and higher relationship of increased amplitude, it should be noted that it is a large amount of that this changing rule is that the applicant passes through
The improvement that research finds, and carried out according to its rule first, is not being readily apparent that for this field, belongs to one of the present invention
Inventive point.Pass through the relationship of the ratio between above-mentioned blowdown flow rate increasing degree and quality of steam and the quality for the water for inputting boiler
Variation, can be corresponding with actual conditions blowdown flow rate, improves contaminant removal effectiveness as soon as possible.
Preferably, the blowdown speed remains unchanged, between quality of steam and the quality for the water for inputting boiler
The increase of ratio, blowing time are continuously increased, and with the ratio between quality of steam and the quality for the water for inputting boiler
Increase, the ever-increasing amplitude of blowing time is increasing.
Preferably, the blowing time remains unchanged, between quality of steam and the quality for the water for inputting boiler
The increase of ratio, blowdown speed are continuously increased, and with the ratio between quality of steam and the quality for the water for inputting boiler
Increase, the ever-increasing amplitude of blowdown speed is increasing.
It finds in practical study, is needed between the ratio and blowdown flow rate between the quality of the water of quality of steam and input boiler
Will be there are one best relationship, if the ratio between the quality of the water of quality of steam and input boiler is excessive, blowdown flow rate must
It so also requires greatly, filth-discharging effect to be otherwise not achieved.Ratio between the quality of the water of quality of steam and input boiler is small, then blowdown
Amount also requires small, otherwise causes the waste of heat.Therefore blowdown flow rate cannot it is excessive can not be too small, cross conference cause heat to damage
It loses, it is too small that filth-discharging effect can be caused bad.Therefore it needs accurately to determine the size of suitable blowdown flow rate.The present invention is by largely counting
Value calculate and experimental study, obtained best quality of steam and input boiler water quality between ratio and blowdown flow rate it
Between relationship.
Central diagnosis monitor 12 is stored in reference data：Quality of steam MSteam, input boiler water mass MWaterWhen with blowdown
Between T, blowdown speed V（That is blowdown water flow velocity）, be quality of steam and input boiler water quality between ratio MSteam/MWaterFeelings
Under condition, blowdown flow rate V*T meets blowdown requirement.
Reference data indicates the data for meeting certain blowdown condition.Such as can meet to reach a certain range of water quality
It is required that reaching and requiring minimum blowdown flow rate etc. under certain water quality situation.
If quality of steam becomes mSteam, input boiler the quality of water become mWaterWhen, blowing time t and blowdown are fast
Degree v meets following three kinds different one of operational modes：
First mode（Blowdown speed remains unchanged）：V keeps reference speed V constant, and blowing time variation is as follows：
t=T*(（mSteam/mWater）*（MWater/ MSteam）)c, wherein c be parameter, 1.02<c<1.05；Preferably, c=1.04;
Second mode（Blowing time remains unchanged）：T keeps fiducial time T constant, and blowdown velocity variations are as follows：
v / V =(（mSteam/mWater）*（MWater/ MSteam）)d, wherein d be parameter, 1.04<d<1.07;Preferably, d=1.053
The third mode：V and t is variable, and the relationship of blowing time and blowdown speed is as follows：
(v*t)/(V*T)=a*(（mSteam/mWater）*（MWater/ MSteam）)b, wherein a, b are parameter, meet following formula：
（mSteam/mWater）*（MWater/ MSteam）<1,0.96<a<1.0;
（mSteam/mWater）*（MWater/ MSteam）=1, a=1；
（mSteam/mWater）*（MWater/ MSteam）>1, 1.0<a<1.05;
It wherein needs to meet following condition in the formula of above-mentioned Three models：0.85<（mSteam/mWater）*（MWater/ MSteam）<
1.15；
In above-mentioned formula, temperature MSteam、mSteamIt is the quality of steam generated the unit interval, unit is Kg/s, MWater、mWaterIt is unit
The quality of the water of time input, unit are Kg/s, and blowdown speed V, v are the sewage speed of discharge, unit m/s, blowing time
The unit of T, t are s.
The reference data is stored in central diagnosis monitor 12.
Preferably, central diagnosis monitor 12 stores multigroup reference data.
Preferably, when meeting multigroup reference data, first mode is chosen（1-t/T）2Value minimum one group of t；When
First group of t met the requirements can also be so selected, one group can also be randomly choosed from the t for meet condition；
Preferably, when meeting multigroup reference data, second mode is chosen（1-v/V）2Value minimum one group of v；When
First group of v met the requirements can also be so selected, one group can also be randomly choosed from the v for meet condition；
Preferably, the third mode is chosen（（1-v/V）2+（1-t/T）2）Value minimum one group of v and t；It can certainly
First group of v and t met the requirements is selected, one group can also be randomly choosed from the v and t of the condition that meets；
In practical applications, multigroup reference data is stored in programmable controller, then 12 basis of central diagnosis monitor
Detect the data of input（mSteam/mWater）*（MWater/ MSteam）, meeting 0.85<（mSteam/mWater）*（MWater/ MSteam）<In the case of 1.15,
Suitable reference data is automatically selected as foundation.
Preferably, in the case of there is two groups or multigroup reference data, the reference data of user's selection can be provided
Interface, preferred, system can automatically select（（1-s/S）2+（1-l/L）2）Minimum one of value.
The Three models can only store it is a kind of in the programmable controller, two kinds or three kinds can also be stored can
In programmable controller.
Further preferably, when（mSteam/mWater）*（MWater/ MSteam）<1, a=0.974；1.03<b<1.06.
Further preferably, when（mSteam/mWater）*（MWater/ MSteam）>1, a=1.03；1.06<b<1.08.
Preferably, the drum 1 further includes Water Test Kits 6, to measure the water quality in drum.The Water Test Kits
6 carry out data connection with monitoring and diagnosis controller 12, to receive the data measured.
Preferably, the boiler also has debugging functions.Preferably, when needing to carry out periodical blowdown, if row
Dirt amount does not reach benchmark blowdown flow rate, and the water quality that monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 detects at this time meets water quality requirement, then monitoring and diagnosis
12 control of sewage disposal valve of controller is closed, if blowdown flow rate is less than benchmark blowdown flow rate at this time（That is V*T）Certain error, such as preferably
5%, then monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 is automatically by the matter of new blowing time, blowdown speed and quality of steam and the water of input boiler
Ratio between amount is stored in monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 as reference data.
If blowdown flow rate reaches benchmark blowdown flow rate, but blowdown water quality does not meet the requirements, then monitoring and diagnosis controller 12
Control of sewage disposal valve continues blowdown, and until the water quality that monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 detects meets water quality requirement, then monitoring and diagnosis controls
12 control of sewage disposal valve of device is closed, if blowdown flow rate is more than benchmark blowdown flow rate at this time（That is V*T）Certain error, such as preferably 5%, then
Monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 automatically will be between new blowing time, blowdown speed and quality of steam and the quality for the water for inputting boiler
Ratio be stored in monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 as reference data.
Above-mentioned debugging functions can be carried out periodically, can also be carried out automatically in operation.
Preferably, the priority of the new reference data of storage is higher than pervious reference data.
Preferably, after the upper new reference data of storage, pervious reference data is automatically deleted.
The drum connects tedge 13, is arranged in the tedge 13 and is arranged at intervals with multiple cutting heat exchanger components 14,
The cutting heat exchanger components 14 are as shown in Figure 2,3, and the cutting heat exchanger components 14 are extended along 13 short transverse of tedge
Integral structure part is provided with a number of hole 15 on the cutting heat exchanger components, and the hole 15 is in tedge short transverse
Perforation cutting heat exchanger components.
The fluid of tedge is during upwards, usually stream-liquid two-phase flow, so that the fluid in tedge is vapour
Liquid mixture, the presence of stream-liquid two-phase flow make the efficiency for affecting tedge heat absorption.On the other hand, it is exported to from tedge
This section of drum, because the space of this section becomes larger suddenly, the variation in space can lead to quickly flowing upwards out and assemble for gas,
Therefore spatial variations can lead to the vapour phase of aggregation（Vapour group）Enter upper drum from tedge position, due to gas（Vapour）Liquid density contrast,
Air mass, which leaves, to be taken over position and will move rapidly upward, and air mass original spatial position by air mass push away wall surface liquid and meanwhile also will be fast
Speed springs back and hits wall surface, forms impingement phenomenon.Gas（Vapour）Liquid phase is more discontinuous, and air mass aggregation is bigger, and Impact energy is bigger.It hits
Larger noise vibrations and mechanical shock can be caused by hitting phenomenon, be damaged to equipment.
The present invention be arranged in tedge cutting heat exchanger components, by cut heat exchanger components by two-phase fluid liquid phase and
Vapour phase is detached, and liquid phase is divided into small liquid group, vapour phase is divided into minute bubbles, avoids the completely separable of liquid phase and vapour phase,
Promote liquid vapor phase smooth outflow, play the role of regime flow, has the effect of vibration and noise reducing.
The present invention cuts heat exchanger components by setting, is equivalent in tedge 13 and increases interior heat exchange area, enhances
Heat exchange, improves heat transfer effect.
The present invention is because all cross-section locations by vehicle repair major in tedge 13 are divided, on entire
The segmentation of liquid-vaqor interface and vapour phase boundary layer and the contact area of cooling wall are realized on riser cross section and enhances disturbance, significantly
Reduce noise and vibrations, enhance heat transfer.
Preferably, aperture is arranged between adjacent holes 15 realizes perforation.Pass through be arranged aperture, it is ensured that adjacent hole it
Between interconnect, pressure that can be between uniform bore so that the fluid of high pressure runner flows to low pressure, while can also be in fluid stream
Further separate liquid phase and vapour phase while dynamic, is conducive to further stablize two-phase flow.
Preferably, along the flow direction of fluid in tedge 13（That is the short transverse of Fig. 4）, the interior setting of tedge 13
Multiple cutting heat exchanger components 14, from the entrance of tedge to the outlet of tedge, the distance between adjacent cutting heat exchanger components are more
Come shorter.If being H apart from the distance of tube inlet is risen, the spacing between adjacent cutting heat exchanger components is S, S=F1(H), i.e., S is
Using distance H as the function of variable, S ' is the first order derivative of S, meets following require：
S’<0;
Main cause is that carrier's liquid is understood in uphill process because of the steam in tedge, in uphill process, on
Riser is constantly heated, and causes the steam in biphase gas and liquid flow more and more, because the vapour phase in stream-liquid two-phase flow is more and more,
Exchange capability of heat in tedge can increase with vapour phase and weaken relatively, and vibrations and its noise also can be continuous with vapour phase increase
Increase.Therefore need the distance between adjacent cutting heat exchanger components being arranged shorter and shorter.
In addition, drum 1 this section is exported to from tedge 13, and because the space of this section becomes larger suddenly, the variation in space
It can lead to quickly flowing upwards out and assemble for gas, therefore spatial variations can lead to the vapour phase of aggregation（Vapour group）From tedge position
Into condensation collector, due to gas（Vapour）Liquid density contrast, air mass, which leaves, to be taken over position and will move rapidly upward, and air mass original space bit
It sets and the liquid of wall surface is pushed away by air mass while will also spring back and hit wall surface rapidly, form impingement phenomenon.Gas（Vapour）Liquid phase is more not
Continuously, air mass aggregation is bigger, and water hammer energy is bigger.Impingement phenomenon can cause larger noise vibrations and mechanical shock, to equipment
It damages.Therefore in order to avoid the generation of this phenomenon, the distance between adjacent cutting heat exchanger components being arranged at this time are more next
It is shorter, to constantly separate gas phase and liquid phase in fluid delivery process, to reduce vibrations and noise to the full extent.
It is found through experiments that, by above-mentioned setting, can both reduce vibrations and noise to the full extent, while can carry
High heat transfer effect.
Further preferably, from the entrance of tedge to the outlet of tedge, the distance between adjacent cutting heat exchanger components are more
It is continuously increased come shorter amplitude.That is S " is the second derivative of S, meets following require：
S”>0;
It is found through experiments that, by so set, 9% or so vibrations and noise can be further decreased, improving simultaneously
7% or so heat transfer effect.
Preferably, each the length of cutting heat exchanger components 14 remains unchanged.
Preferably, other than the distance between adjacent cutting heat exchanger components 14, heat exchanger components others parameter is cut
（Such as length, caliber etc.）It remains unchanged.
Preferably, along the flow direction for rising tube fluid（Fluid is flowed to upper direction）, the interior setting of tedge
Multiple cutting heat exchanger components 14, from the entrance of tedge to the outlet of tedge, the length for cutting heat exchanger components 14 is increasingly longer.
That is the length of cutting heat exchanger components is C, C=F2(X), C ' is the first order derivative of C, meets following require：
C’>0;
Further preferably, from the entrance of tedge the length increasingly length of heat exchanger components is cut to the outlet of tedge
Amplitude is continuously increased.That is C " is the second derivative of C, meets following require：
C”>0;
The variation of the distance between for example adjacent cutting heat exchanger components of specific reason is identical.
Preferably, the distance between adjacent cutting heat exchanger components remain unchanged.
Preferably, in addition to the length of cutting heat exchanger components is outside one's consideration, heat exchanger components others parameter is cut（Such as it is adjacent between
Away from, caliber etc.）It remains unchanged.
Preferably, along the flow direction for rising tube fluid（I.e. along tedge extending direction）, set in tedge
Multiple cutting heat exchanger components are set, from the entrance of tedge to the outlet of tedge, difference cuts the hole 15 in heat exchanger components 14
Diameter is smaller and smaller.That is the bore dia of cutting heat exchanger components is D, D=F3(X), D ' is the first order derivative of D, meets following require：
D’<0;
Preferably, from the entrance of tedge to the outlet of tedge, the bore dia of difference cutting heat exchanger components is increasingly
Small amplitude is continuously increased.I.e.
D " is the second derivative of D, meets following require：
D”>0。
The variation of the distance between for example adjacent cutting heat exchanger components of specific reason is identical.
Preferably, the length of cutting heat exchanger components and the distance of adjacent cutting heat exchanger components remain unchanged.
Preferably, other than the bore dia of cutting heat exchanger components, heat exchanger components others parameter is cut（Such as length,
The distance between adjacent cutting heat exchanger components etc.）It remains unchanged.
Further preferably, as shown in figure 4, groove is arranged inside the tedge, the outer wall of the cutting heat exchanger components 14
It is arranged in groove.
Further preferably, as shown in figure 4, tedge is welded for multi-segment structure, the junction setting point of multi-segment structure
Switch thermal part 14.This mode makes being simple to manufacture for the tedge of setting cutting heat exchanger components, cost reduction.
It is learnt by analyzing and testing, the spacing cut between heat exchanger components cannot be excessive, leads to damping if excessive
The effect of noise reduction is bad, while can not be too small, causes resistance excessive if too small, similarly, the outer diameter in hole can not it is excessive or
Person is too small, and the effect for also resulting in damping noise reduction is bad or resistance is excessive, therefore the present invention is through a large number of experiments, preferential
Meet normal flow resistance（Total pressure-bearing be 2.5Mpa hereinafter, the on-way resistance of single riser be less than or equal to 5Pa/M）
In the case of so that being optimal of damping noise reduction has arranged the best relationship of parameters.
The hole is round, preferably, the distance between adjacent cutting heat exchanger components are J, cuts the length of heat exchanger components
Degree is L, and the internal diameter of tedge is M, and the radius in hole is A, the distance between adjacent hole center of circle B, meets following require：
J/L=f-g*LN (M/（2*A）)；
B/（2*A） =h*(M/（2*A）)-i*(M/（2*A）)2-e
Wherein LN is logarithmic function, and f, g, h, i, e is parameter, wherein 3.0<f<3.5,0.5<g<0.6；2.9<h<3.1,
0.33<i<0.37,4.8<e<5.3；
The spacing J of wherein cutting heat exchanger components is with opposite the distance between the both ends of adjacent cutting heat exchanger components；Before i.e.
Cut the tail end of heat exchanger components and the distance between the front end for cutting heat exchanger components below in face.Referring specifically to the mark of Fig. 3.
34<M<58mm；
4<A<6mm;
17<L<25mm；
32<J<40mm；
1.05<B/（2*A）<1.25.
Preferably, f=3.20, g=0.54, h=3.03, i=0.35, e=5.12.
Preferably, rising length of tube between 3000-8500mm.Further preferably, between 4500-5500mm.
Further preferably, 40mm<M<50mm；
9mm<2A<10mm;
22mm<L<24mm；
35mm<J<38mm。
By the preferred of the best geometric scale of above-mentioned formula, can realize under the conditions of meeting normal flow resistance,
Damping noise reduction reaches optimum efficiency.
Further preferably, as the increase of M/A, f constantly reduce, g constantly increases.
For parameters such as other parameters, such as tube wall, shell wall thickness according to normal standard setting.
Preferably, hole 15 extends in the whole length direction of cutting heat exchanger components 14.I.e. the length in hole 15 is equal to cutting
The length of heat exchanger components 14.
Preferably, being C in the angle that tedge and horizontal plane are formed, correction factor k can be increased to data
It is modified, i.e.,
K* J/L=f-g*LN (M/（2*A）)；k=1/sin(C)d, wherein 0.09<d<0.11, preferably d=0.10.
20°<C<80 °, preferably 40-60 °.
Although the present invention has been disclosed in the preferred embodiments as above, present invention is not limited to this.Any art technology
Personnel can make various changes or modifications, therefore protection scope of the present invention is answered without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention
When being subject to claim limited range.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of boiler system, including central diagnosis monitor and boiler, the boiler includes being arranged on steam outlet pipe road
Flowmeter, pressure gauge and thermometer, for measures export steam flow velocity, pressure and temperature；The flowmeter, pressure gauge and
Thermometer carries out data connection with central diagnosis monitor respectively, so that the data transfer that will be measured gives central diagnosis monitor,
According to the vapor (steam) temperature of measurement, pressure, the quality of steam of flow relocity calculation unit interval in central diagnosis monitor；
The boiler includes the blow-off pipe that setting is connect with boiler drum, and blowdown valve, the connection of blowdown valve one end are arranged on blow-off pipe
Adjustment mechanism for valve, adjustment mechanism for valve carry out data connection with central diagnosis monitor, to pass blowdown valve opening data
Central diagnosis monitor is passed, while receiving instruction from central diagnostic monitor, adjusts the aperture of blowdown valve；
Flowmeter is set on the water inlet manifold of the boiler, for detecting the flow into boiler, the flowmeter and center
Diagnostic monitor carries out data connection, so that the data transfer that will be measured gives central diagnosis monitor, central diagnosis monitor root
Enter the quality of the water of boiler according to the flow rate calculation unit interval of measurement；
The boiler periodically carries out blowdown, and blowing time remains unchanged, the central diagnosis monitor according to quality of steam with it is defeated
Enter the ratio between the quality of the water of boiler and set blowdown speed automatically, to automatically control blowdown flow rate；
Blowdown flow rate control mode is as follows：
Central diagnosis monitor is stored in reference data quality of steam MSteam, input boiler water mass MWaterWith blowing time T, row
Dirty speed V indicates the ratio M between quality of steam and the quality for the water for inputting boilerSteam/MWaterWhen, blowdown flow rate V*T satisfactions are wanted
It asks,
Then quality of steam becomes mSteam, input boiler the quality of water become mWaterWhen, blowing time t and blowdown speed v meet
It is following to require：
T keeps fiducial time T constant, and blowdown velocity variations are as follows：
v / V =(（mSteam/mWater）*（MWater/ MSteam）)d, wherein d be parameter, 1.04<d<1.07;
It needs to meet following condition in above-mentioned formula：0.85<（mSteam/mWater）*（MWater/ MSteam）<1.15；
In above-mentioned formula, temperature MSteam、mSteamIt is the quality of steam generated the unit interval, unit is Kg/s, MWater、mWaterIt is the unit interval
The quality of the water of input, unit are Kg/s, and blowdown speed V, v are the sewage speed of discharge, unit m/s, blowing time T, t
Unit be s.
2. boiler system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that when starting periodically to carry out blowdown, if central diagnosis is supervised
The ratio controlled the quality of steam of device detection and inputted between the quality of the water of boiler is less than limit value, then central diagnosis monitor
Blowdown valve is closed by adjustment mechanism for valve；If the matter of the quality of steam of central diagnosis monitor detection and the water of input boiler
Ratio between amount is more than limit value, the central diagnosis monitor according to the quality of quality of steam and the water of input boiler it
Between ratio set blowdown speed automatically.
3. boiler system as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that if after blowdown, the steaming of central diagnosis monitor detection
Ratio between the quality of the water of vapour quality and input boiler is still more than limit value, then boiler sends out standby signal.
4. boiler system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that d=1.053.
5. boiler system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that central diagnosis monitor stores multigroup reference data.
6. boiler system as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that when meeting multigroup reference data, choose（1-v/V）2
Value minimum one group of v.
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| CN201710364149.1A CN107166365B (en) | 2017-05-22 | 2017-05-22 | A kind of steam boiler system of intelligent control blowdown speed |
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| CN102080820B (en) * | 2011-01-06 | 2012-07-25 | 西安交大思源科技股份有限公司 | Optimal energy-saving control method for surface pollution discharge of steam boiler |
| CN107314362B (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2019-02-22 | 山东理工大学 | The cloud computing boiler system of intelligence computation water loss |
| CN105222119B (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2017-04-12 | 山东理工大学 | Cloud-computing-based boiler blow-off system conducting control according to blow-off water quality |
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