CN107166365A - A kind of steam boiler system of intelligent control blowdown speed - Google Patents
A kind of steam boiler system of intelligent control blowdown speed Download PDFInfo
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- CN107166365A CN107166365A CN201710364149.1A CN201710364149A CN107166365A CN 107166365 A CN107166365 A CN 107166365A CN 201710364149 A CN201710364149 A CN 201710364149A CN 107166365 A CN107166365 A CN 107166365A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
- F22B37/56—Boiler cleaning control devices, e.g. for ascertaining proper duration of boiler blow-down
- F22B37/565—Blow-down control, e.g. for ascertaining proper duration of boiler blow-down
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- Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of intelligent control steam generator system, the quantity of steam and the water of input boiler that the system is produced according to boiler are automatically controlled, the boiler periodically carries out blowdown, blowdown speed keeps constant, the central diagnosis monitor sets blowdown speed automatically according to the ratio between quality of steam and the quality for the water for inputting boiler, so as to automatically control blowdown flow rate.The present invention obtains inputting water and produces the dynamic than relation of quantity of steam, according to dynamic proportion relation, the automatic blowdown flow rate for calculating boiler adjusts blowdown speed according to blowdown flow rate by monitoring the input water of every boiler in real time and producing quantity of steam.The present invention compared with prior art, reduces hysteresis quality because being automatic calculating blowing time, can realize optimal blowdown control.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to steam boiler field, belong to F22 fields.
Background technology
In operation, with the output of steam, pot water is concentrated steam boiler.When salinity is raised to a certain extent,
Pot water can produce foam, occur priming, a large amount of band water of steam, and cause serious false water level, make furnace control not
Surely.Therefore the salt concentration of pot water must be controlled, it is ensured that quality of steam and boiler operatiopn safety.
There is national standard in China to Industrial Boiler water quality, such as in GB1576-2001, to pressure be 1.6~
2.5Mpa, the steam boiler with superheater, the dissolved solid concentration (TDS) of regulation pot water must not exceed 2500mg/L.Its
In, it is a pot water salt content that dissolved solid, which can be approximately considered,.
The main method of control pot water salt content is, in operation with the output of steam, using the method for surface blow-off,
The high pot water of a part of salinity, and the accordingly low make-up water of supplement salinity, realization pair are discharged in the downside of drum evaporating surface
The dilution of pot water salinity.If blowdown flow rate is not enough, the salinity of pot water can more and more higher；Conversely, if blowdown flow rate is excessive,
What it is because of discharge is the pot water containing a large amount of heat energy, can cause the waste of energy loss and soft water resource.The optimal side of energy-saving and emission-reduction
Case is that, with minimum blowdown flow rate, control boiler water quality is up to standard, it is ensured that safe operation, improves the thermal efficiency.
Most domestic Industrial Boiler opens or closes blowoff valve using artificial timing (per tour is once or several times).It is this to pass
The method for discharging pollution of system can not realize the control on demand of blowdown flow rate., typically can only be by maximum possibility in face of the change of steam flow
Evaporation capacity excess emitters, cause energy waste.Even so, still it is difficult to ensure that card pot water is necessarily qualified when load variations are big.
To realize continuous blowdown on demand, both at home and abroad all in research autocontrol method.For example 201510601501X is according to pot
The steam-water ratio of stove carries out automatic pollution discharge, but existing method for discharging pollution is all that a certain parameter reaches to a certain degree at present, is beaten automatically
Blowoff valve is driven, when a certain parameter drops to a certain lower bound, blowoff valve is closed.Though this interval-automatic method for discharging pollution is than artificial timing
Blowdown is improved to some extent, but salt content is fluctuated up and down in high and low limit is interval all the time, and because the hysteresis quality that data are controlled, still
There are certain excessive emissions or discharge deficiency, be not optimal blowdown control program.
For above-mentioned defect, the invention provides a kind of steam generator system of the blowdown of new intelligent control.
The content of the invention
The present invention obtains rate of water make-up and produces quantity of steam by monitoring the rate of water make-up of every boiler in real time and producing quantity of steam
Dynamic than relation, according to dynamic proportion relation, the automatic blowdown flow rate for calculating boiler, adjusted according to blowdown flow rate blowing time and
Blowdown speed.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of steam generator system, including central diagnosis monitor and boiler, the boiler include being arranged on steam (vapor) outlet pipeline
Flowmeter, pressure gauge and thermometer, flow velocity, pressure and temperature for measuring output steam；The flowmeter, pressure gauge and temperature
Degree meter carries out data cube computation with monitoring and diagnosis controller respectively, to give monitoring and diagnosis controller by the data transfer of measurement,
According to the vapor (steam) temperature of measurement, pressure, the quality of steam of flow relocity calculation unit interval in monitoring and diagnosis controller；
The boiler, which includes setting, sets blowoff valve on the blow-off pipe being connected with boiler-steam dome, blow-off pipe, the connection of blowoff valve one end
Adjustment mechanism for valve, adjustment mechanism for valve carries out data cube computation with monitoring and diagnosis controller, so as to which blowdown valve opening data are passed
Monitoring and diagnosis controller is passed, while receiving instruction from monitoring and diagnosis controller, the aperture of blowoff valve is adjusted；
Flowmeter is set on the water inlet manifold of the boiler, for detecting the flow entered in boiler, the flowmeter and monitoring
Diagnosing controller carries out data cube computation, to give monitoring and diagnosis controller, monitoring and diagnosis controller root by the data transfer of measurement
Enter the quality of the water of boiler according to the flow rate calculation unit interval of measurement；
The boiler periodically carries out blowdown, and blowing time keeps constant, the central diagnosis monitor according to quality of steam with it is defeated
Ratio between the quality for the water for entering boiler sets blowdown speed automatically, so as to automatically control blowdown flow rate.
Preferably, when starting periodically to carry out blowdown, if the quality of steam of monitoring and diagnosis controller detection and input pot
Ratio between the quality of the water of stove is less than limit value, then monitoring and diagnosis controller closes blowdown by adjustment mechanism for valve
Valve；If the ratio between the quality of steam of monitoring and diagnosis controller detection and the quality of the water of input boiler is more than upper limit number
Value, the central diagnosis monitor sets blowdown speed automatically according to the ratio between quality of steam and the quality for the water for inputting boiler
Degree.
If preferably, after blowdown, the quality of steam and the quality of the water of input boiler of the detection of monitoring and diagnosis controller
Between ratio still be more than limit value, then boiler send cue.
Preferably, with the increase of the ratio between quality of steam and the quality for the water for inputting boiler, blowdown speed is not
Disconnected increase, and with the increase of the ratio between quality of steam and the quality for the water for inputting boiler, blowdown speed is continuously increased
Amplitude it is increasing.
Preferably, blowdown flow rate control mode is as follows：
Central diagnosis monitor deposit reference data quality of steam MSteam, input boiler water mass MWaterWith blowing time T, row
The ratio M that dirty speed V is quality of steam and is inputted between the quality of the water of boilerSteam/MWaterWhen meet require blowdown flow rate V*T,
Then quality of steam is changed into mSteam, input boiler the quality of water be changed into mWaterWhen, blowing time t and blowdown speed v are met
It is following to require：
T holding fiducial times T are constant, and blowdown velocity variations are as follows：
v / V =(（mSteam/mWater）*（MWater/ MSteam）)d, wherein d is parameter, 1.04<d<1.07;
Need to meet following condition in above-mentioned formula：0.85<（mSteam/mWater）*（MWater/ MSteam）<1.15；
In above-mentioned formula, temperature MSteam、mSteamIt is the quality of steam produced the unit interval, unit is Kg/s, MWater、mWaterIt is the unit interval
The quality of the water of input, unit is Kg/s, and blowdown speed V, v are the sewage speed of discharge, and unit is m/s, blowing time T, t
Unit be s.
Preferably, d=1.053.
Preferably, central diagnosis monitor stores multigroup reference data.
Preferably, when meeting multigroup reference data, choosing（1-v/V）2The minimum one group of v of value.
Preferably, being arranged at intervals multiple cutting heat exchange in the drum connection tedge and down-comer, the tedge
Part, the cutting heat exchanger components extend along tedge short transverse, are provided with the cutting heat exchanger components a number of
Hole, the hole the insertion of tedge short transverse cut heat exchanger components.
Compared with prior art, steam generator system of the invention has the following advantages：
1）The present invention obtains input water and produces steam by monitoring the input water of every boiler in real time and producing quantity of steam
The dynamic of amount is than relation, and according to dynamic proportion relation, the automatic blowdown flow rate for calculating boiler keeps constant situation in blowing time
Under, blowdown speed is adjusted according to blowdown flow rate.The present invention compared with prior art, is reduced stagnant because being automatic calculating blowdown flow rate
Property, can realize optimal blowdown control afterwards.
2）Reference data is stored in controller by the present invention, and controller is according to the carrying capacity of calculating and moving for generation quantity of steam
State is automatic to calculate blowdown quantity than relation, and this quantity can substantially reduce the hysteresis quality error brought because of valve regulated.
3）The boiler of the present invention also has zero offset capability.Base value is corrected according to the water quality blowdown situation of detection automatically
According to, it is ensured that the accuracy of regulation and control.
4）The present invention sets cutting heat-exchanger rig in tedge, and liquid is separated into by cutting heat-exchanger rig by two-phase fluid
Phase and vapour phase, are divided into small liquid group by liquid phase, vapour phase are divided into minute bubbles, promote vapour phase smooth outflow, play regime flow
Effect, the effect with vibration and noise reducing, and the present invention by set cutting heat-exchanger rig, equivalent in tedge increase
Inner area, enhances heat exchange, improves heat transfer effect.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that drainage of the present invention is automatically controlled；
Fig. 2 is the main structure diagram of present invention cutting heat exchanger components one embodiment；
Fig. 3 is that present invention cutting heat exchanger components arrange schematic diagram in tedge；
Fig. 4 is another schematic diagram that present invention cutting heat exchanger components are arranged in tedge；
Fig. 5 is the schematic flow sheet that the present invention is controlled.
1 drum, 2 water-supply-pipes, 3 flowmeters, 4 pressure gauges, 5 thermometers, 6 Water Test Kits, 7 adjustment mechanism for valve, 8 blowdowns
Valve, 9 steam pipes, 10 blow-off pipes, 11 flowmeters, 12 CSRC diagnosing controllers, 13 tedges, 14 cutting heat exchanger components, 15
Hole, 16 flowmeters.
Embodiment
The embodiment to the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Herein, if without specified otherwise, being related to formula, "/" represents division, and "×", " * " represent multiplication.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of boiler thermodynamic system, the boiler thermodynamic system includes at least one boiler, for producing
Steam, the boiler carries out data cube computation with monitoring and diagnosis controller 12, so that the operation to boiler is monitored.
As shown in figure 1, the boiler includes automatically controlling drainage, the boiler periodically carries out blowdown, described automatic
The quantity of steam and the water of input boiler that control of sewage disposal system is produced according to boiler are automatically controlled.Specific control system is such as
Under：
As shown in figure 1, the boiler includes flowmeter 3, pressure gauge 4 and the thermometer 5 being arranged on steam (vapor) outlet pipeline 9, use
In flow velocity, the pressure and temperature of measurement output steam.The flowmeter 3, pressure gauge 4 and thermometer 5 respectively with monitoring and diagnosis control
Device 12 processed carries out data cube computation, so as to by the data transfer of measurement to monitoring and diagnosis controller 12, in monitoring and diagnosis controller
According to the vapor (steam) temperature of measurement, pressure, the quality of steam of flow relocity calculation unit interval.
The boiler includes setting blowoff valve 8, blowoff valve 8 one on the blow-off pipe for being arranged on the lower end of boiler-steam dome 1, blow-off pipe
Connecting valve adjusting means 7 is held, adjustment mechanism for valve 7 carries out data cube computation with monitoring and diagnosis controller 12, so as to which valve is opened
Degrees of data is passed to（Including aperture size, opening/closing time and open and-shut mode etc.）Monitoring and diagnosis controller 12, while being examined from monitoring
Disconnected controller 12 receives instruction, adjusts opening, closing and the aperture size of blowoff valve 8.
Further comprise flowmeter 11 on the blow-off pipe, measure the flow of blowdown.The flowmeter 11 and monitoring and diagnosis
Controller 12 carries out data cube computation, to pass data to monitoring and diagnosis controller 12.Monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 is according to stream
Gauge calculates the blowdown flow rate of unit interval, so as to calculate blowdown quality.Blowdown quality can be using the close of the sewer of experience
Spend to calculate, can also be by measuring blowdown coolant-temperature gage（Need to set temperature sensor on total blow-off pipe, measure the temperature of sewer
Degree）Specifically the data stored in controller 12 are called to calculate.
The water inlet manifold 2 of the boiler（Including backwater and moisturizing）Upper setting flowmeter 16, enters in boiler for detecting
Water flow, the flowmeter 16 and monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 carry out data cube computation, so as to which the data transfer of measurement is given
Monitoring and diagnosis controller 12, monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 enters the stream of the water of boiler according to the flow rate calculation unit interval of measurement
Amount, so as to calculate the unit interval into the quality of the water of boiler.The quality of water can be calculated using the density of water, can also
By the temperature for measuring water（Need water inlet manifold 2 that temperature sensor is set, measure the temperature of water）Specifically call controller 12
The data of middle storage are calculated.
Certainly, the water into boiler is the water summation that is recycled back to both water pipe and filling pipe.Preferably, can mend
Set respectively on water pipe and circulating water pipe with the flowmeter of the data cube computation of monitoring and diagnosis controller 12, by calculate both flows it
With, thus the unit of account time enter the total water of boiler.The present invention can be using various control strategy come control of sewage disposal amount.
The boiler periodically carries out blowdown, and the central diagnosis monitor is according to quality of steam and the matter of the water of input boiler
Ratio between amount sets blowdown flow rate automatically.
The blowdown flow rate is calculated by blowdown speed and blowing time, i.e. blowdown flow rate=blowdown speed * blowing times.Institute
State blowdown speed and be preferably foregoing unit interval blowdown quality, detected by flowmeter 11, the blowing time leads to
The time of the opening of control valve 8 is spent to calculate.
Control strategy is as follows：
The ratio of the quality of steam that monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 is calculated and the quality of the water of input boiler is less than lower limit, then shows
Blowdown rate is too high, therefore monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 closes blowoff valve 8 by adjustment mechanism for valve 7., can be with by aforesaid operations
Avoid blowdown excessive, cause the waste of the energy.If the ratio of quality of steam and the quality of the water of input boiler is more than higher limit,
Then show that blowdown rate is too low, the life-span of boiler may be influenceed, the central diagnosis monitor 12 is according to quality of steam and input
Ratio between the quality of the water of boiler sets blowdown flow rate automatically.
Preferably, the blowdown speed keeps constant, the central diagnosis monitor 12 is according to quality of steam and input
Ratio between the quality of the water of boiler sets blowing time automatically.
Preferably, the blowing time keeps constant, the central diagnosis monitor 12 is according to quality of steam and input
Ratio between the quality of the water of boiler sets blowdown speed automatically.
If after blowdown, the ratio between quality of steam and the quality of the water of input boiler that monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 is detected
Value is still more than limit value, then boiler sends cue.
Preferably, with the increase of the ratio between quality of steam and the quality for the water for inputting boiler, blowdown flow rate is continuous
Increase, and with the increase of the ratio between quality of steam and the quality for the water for inputting boiler, the ever-increasing width of blowdown flow rate
Degree is increasing.
Find under study for action, with the increase of Boiler Steam and the ratio of the quality of water, the increased amplitude of blowdown flow rate also will
Increase, and increased this relation of amplitude more and more higher is, it is necessary to which explanation, it is substantial amounts of that this changing rule is that the applicant passes through
Research is found first, and the improvement carried out according to its rule, is not being readily apparent that for this area, belongs to one of the present invention
Inventive point.Pass through the relation of the ratio between above-mentioned blowdown flow rate increasing degree and quality of steam and the quality for the water for inputting boiler
Change, can be corresponding with actual conditions blowdown flow rate, and contaminant removal effectiveness is improved as soon as possible.
Preferably, the blowdown speed keeps constant, between quality of steam and the quality for the water for inputting boiler
The increase of ratio, blowing time is continuously increased, and with the ratio between quality of steam and the quality for the water for inputting boiler
Increase, the ever-increasing amplitude of blowing time is increasing.
Preferably, the blowing time keeps constant, between quality of steam and the quality for the water for inputting boiler
The increase of ratio, blowdown speed is continuously increased, and with the ratio between quality of steam and the quality for the water for inputting boiler
Increase, the ever-increasing amplitude of blowdown speed is increasing.
Find, needed between the ratio and blowdown flow rate between the quality of the water of quality of steam and input boiler in practical study
There is an optimal relation, if the ratio between the quality of the water of quality of steam and input boiler is excessive, blowdown flow rate must
So also require that greatly, otherwise do not reach filth-discharging effect.Ratio between the quality of the water of quality of steam and input boiler is small, then blowdown
Amount also also requires that small, otherwise causes the waste of heat.Therefore blowdown flow rate can not it is excessive can not be too small, cross conference cause heat to damage
Lose, it is too small filth-discharging effect to be caused bad.Therefore need accurately to determine the size of suitable blowdown flow rate.The present invention passes through substantial amounts of number
Value is calculated and experimental study, drawn optimal quality of steam and the ratio and blowdown flow rate that input between the quality of the water of boiler it
Between relation.
Central diagnosis monitor 12 is stored in reference data：Quality of steam MSteam, input boiler water mass MWaterDuring with blowdown
Between T, blowdown speed V（That is blowdown water flow velocity）, be quality of steam and input boiler water quality between ratio MSteam/MWaterFeelings
Under condition, blowdown flow rate V*T meets blowdown requirement.
Reference data represents to meet the data of certain blowdown condition.For example can be to meet to reach a range of water quality
It is required that, or reach minimum blowdown flow rate etc. is required under certain water quality situation.
If quality of steam is changed into mSteam, input boiler the quality of water be changed into mWaterWhen, blowing time t and blowdown are fast
Degree v meets one of following three kinds of different operational modes：
First mode（Blowdown speed keeps constant）：V keeps reference speed V constant, and blowing time change is as follows：
t=T*(（mSteam/mWater）*（MWater/ MSteam）)c, wherein c is parameter, 1.02<c<1.05；It is preferred that, c=1.04;
Second mode（Blowing time keeps constant）：T holding fiducial times T are constant, and blowdown velocity variations are as follows：
v / V =(（mSteam/mWater）*（MWater/ MSteam）)d, wherein d is parameter, 1.04<d<1.07;It is preferred that, d=1.053
3rd pattern：V and t are variable, and the relation of blowing time and blowdown speed is as follows：
(v*t)/(V*T)=a*(（mSteam/mWater）*（MWater/ MSteam）)b, wherein a, b is parameter, meets equation below：
（mSteam/mWater）*（MWater/ MSteam）<1,0.96<a<1.0;
（mSteam/mWater）*（MWater/ MSteam）=1, a=1；
（mSteam/mWater）*（MWater/ MSteam）>1, 1.0<a<1.05;
Wherein need to meet following condition in the formula of above-mentioned Three models：0.85<（mSteam/mWater）*（MWater/ MSteam）<1.15；
In above-mentioned formula, temperature MSteam、mSteamIt is the quality of steam produced the unit interval, unit is Kg/s, MWater、mWaterIt is the unit interval
The quality of the water of input, unit is Kg/s, and blowdown speed V, v are the sewage speed of discharge, and unit is m/s, blowing time T, t
Unit be s.
Described reference data is stored in central diagnosis monitor 12.
Preferably, central diagnosis monitor 12 stores multigroup reference data.
Preferably, when meeting multigroup reference data, first mode is chosen（1-t/T）2The minimum one group of t of value；When
The t of first group of satisfaction requirement can also be so selected, one group can also be randomly choosed from the t for meeting condition；
Preferably, when meeting multigroup reference data, second mode is chosen（1-v/V）2The minimum one group of v of value；Certainly
The v of first group of satisfaction requirement can be selected, one group can also be randomly choosed from the v for meeting condition；
It is preferred that, the 3rd pattern is chosen（（1-v/V）2+（1-t/T）2）The minimum one group of v and t of value；It can certainly select
The v and t of first group of satisfaction requirement, can also randomly choose one group from the v and t of the condition that meets；
In actual applications, multigroup reference data is stored in programmable controller, then central diagnosis monitor 12 is according to detection
The data of input（mSteam/mWater）*（MWater/ MSteam）, meeting 0.85<（mSteam/mWater）*（MWater/ MSteam）<1.15 in the case of, automatic
Suitable reference data is selected as foundation.
It is preferred that, in the case of there is two groups or multigroup reference data, the reference data of user's selection can be provided
Interface, preferably, system can automatically select（（1-s/S）2+（1-l/L）2）Minimum one of value.
The Three models can only store it is a kind of in the programmable controller, two kinds or three kinds can also be stored can
In programmable controller.
Further preferably, when（mSteam/mWater）*（MWater/ MSteam）<1, a=0.974；1.03<b<1.06.
Further preferably, when（mSteam/mWater）*（MWater/ MSteam）>1, a=1.03；1.06<b<1.08.
Preferably, the drum 1 also includes Water Test Kits 6, to measure the water quality in drum.The Water Test Kits
6 carry out data cube computation with monitoring and diagnosis controller 12, to receive the data of measurement.
Preferably, the boiler also has debugging functions.Preferably, when needing to carry out periodical blowdown, if row
Dirt amount is not reaching to benchmark blowdown flow rate, and the water quality that now monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 is detected meets water quality requirement, then monitoring and diagnosis
The control of sewage disposal valve of controller 12 is closed, if now blowdown flow rate is less than benchmark blowdown flow rate（That is V*T）Certain error, for example preferably
5%, then monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 is automatic by new blowing time, blowdown speed and quality of steam and the matter of the water of input boiler
Ratio between amount is stored in monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 as reference data.
If blowdown flow rate reaches benchmark blowdown flow rate, but blowdown water quality does not meet the requirements, then monitoring and diagnosis controller 12
Control of sewage disposal valve continues blowdown, and until the water quality that monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 is detected meets water quality requirement, then monitoring and diagnosis is controlled
The control of sewage disposal valve of device 12 is closed, if now blowdown flow rate is more than benchmark blowdown flow rate（That is V*T）Certain error, such as preferably 5%, then
Monitoring and diagnosis controller 12 is automatic by between new blowing time, blowdown speed and quality of steam and the quality for the water for inputting boiler
Ratio as reference data be stored in monitoring and diagnosis controller 12.
Above-mentioned debugging functions can be carried out periodically, can also be carried out automatically in operation.
Preferably, the priority of the new reference data of storage is higher than former reference data.
Preferably, after the upper new reference data of storage, former reference data is automatically deleted.
The drum, which connects to set in tedge 13, the tedge 13, is arranged at intervals with multiple cutting heat exchanger components 14,
As shown in Figure 2,3, the cutting heat exchanger components 14 are extended along the short transverse of tedge 13 to the cutting heat exchanger components 14
A number of hole 15 is provided with integral structure part, the cutting heat exchanger components, the hole 15 is in tedge short transverse
Heat exchanger components are cut in insertion.
The fluid of tedge is during upwards, usually stream-liquid two-phase flow, so that the fluid in tedge is vapour
Liquid mixture, the presence of stream-liquid two-phase flow causes the efficiency that have impact on tedge heat absorption.On the other hand, exported to from tedge
This section of drum, because the space of this section becomes big suddenly, the change in space can cause the quick of gas to flow upwards out and assemble,
Therefore spatial variations can cause the vapour phase of aggregation（Vapour group）Enter upper drum from tedge position, due to gas（Vapour）Liquid density contrast,
Air mass leaves adapter position and will moved rapidly upward, and the former locus of air mass pushes away the liquid of wall while also will be fast by air mass
Fast resilience simultaneously hits wall, forms impingement phenomenon.Gas（Vapour）Liquid phase is more discontinuous, and air mass aggregation is bigger, and Impact energy is bigger.Hit
Hitting phenomenon can cause larger noise to shake and mechanical shock, and equipment is damaged.
The present invention sets cutting heat exchanger components in tedge, by cut heat exchanger components by the liquid phase in two-phase fluid and
Vapour phase is separated, and liquid phase is divided into small liquid group, vapour phase is divided into minute bubbles, it is to avoid liquid phase and vapour phase it is completely separable,
Promote liquid vapor phase smooth outflow, play a part of regime flow, the effect with vibration and noise reducing.
The present invention, equivalent to interior heat exchange area is added in tedge 13, is enhanced by setting cutting heat exchanger components
Heat exchange, improves heat transfer effect.
The present invention is because all cross-section locations by vehicle repair major in tedge 13 are split, so that on whole
Liquid-vaqor interface and the segmentation in vapour phase boundary layer and the contact area of cooling wall are realized on riser cross section and strengthens disturbance, significantly
Reduce noise and vibrations, enhance heat transfer.
Preferably, setting aperture to realize insertion between adjacent holes 15.By setting aperture, it is ensured that adjacent hole it
Between interconnect, pressure that can be between uniform bore so that the fluid of high pressure runner flows to low pressure, while can also be in fluid stream
Further separate liquid phase and vapour phase while dynamic, be conducive to further stablizing two-phase flow.
Preferably, along the flow direction of fluid in tedge 13（That is Fig. 4 short transverse）, tedge 13 is interior to be set
Multiple cutting heat exchanger components 14, from the entrance of tedge to the outlet of tedge, the distance between adjacent cutting heat exchanger components are more
Come shorter.If apart from the distance of tube inlet is risen for H, the spacing between adjacent cutting heat exchanger components is S, S=F1(H), i.e., S is
So that, as the function of variable, S ' is S first order derivative apart from H, following require is met：
S’<0;
Main cause is because the gas in tedge understands carrier's liquid, in uphill process, tedge in uphill process
It is constantly heated, cause the gas in biphase gas and liquid flow more and more, because the vapour phase in stream-liquid two-phase flow is more and more, rise
Exchange capability of heat in pipe can increase with vapour phase and weaken relatively, and vibrations and its noise also can constantly increase as vapour phase increases
Plus.Therefore need the distance between the adjacent cutting heat exchanger components of setting shorter and shorter.
In addition, drum 1 this section is exported to from tedge 13, because the space of this section becomes big, the change in space suddenly
The quick of gas can be caused to flow upwards out and assemble, therefore spatial variations can cause the vapour phase of aggregation（Vapour group）From tedge position
Into condensation collector, due to gas（Vapour）Liquid density contrast, air mass leaves adapter position and will moved rapidly upward, and the former space bit of air mass
Put and the liquid of wall is pushed away while also by rapid resilience and hitting wall by air mass, form impingement phenomenon.Gas（Vapour）Liquid phase is more not
Continuously, air mass aggregation is bigger, and water hammer energy is bigger.Impingement phenomenon can cause larger noise to shake and mechanical shock, to equipment
Damage.Therefore in order to avoid the generation of this phenomenon, the distance between adjacent cutting heat exchanger components now set are more next
It is shorter, so as to constantly separate gas phase and liquid phase in fluid delivery process, so as to reduce vibrations and noise to the full extent.
It is found through experiments that, by above-mentioned setting, vibrations and noise can be both reduced to the full extent, while can carry
High heat transfer effect.
Further preferably, from the entrance of tedge to the outlet of tedge, the distance between adjacent cutting heat exchanger components are more
It is continuously increased come shorter amplitude.That is S " is S second derivative, meets following require：
S”>0;
It is found through experiments that, by being arranged such, can further reduces by 9% or so vibrations and noise, while it is left to improve 7%
Right heat transfer effect.
Preferably, each the length of cutting heat exchanger components 14 keeps constant.
Preferably, in addition to the distance between adjacent cutting heat exchanger components 14, the other parameters of cutting heat exchanger components
（Such as length, caliber）Keep constant.
Preferably, along rise tube fluid flow direction（Fluid flows to upper direction）, tedge is interior to be set
Multiple cutting heat exchanger components 14, from the entrance of tedge to the outlet of tedge, the length for cutting heat exchanger components 14 is increasingly longer.
That is the length of cutting heat exchanger components is C, C=F2(X), C ' is C first order derivative, meets following require：
C’>0;
Further preferably, from the entrance of tedge to the outlet of tedge, the length increasingly longer amplitude of heat exchanger components is cut
It is continuously increased.That is C " is C second derivative, meets following require：
C”>0;
The change of the distance between for example adjacent cutting heat exchanger components of specific reason is identical.
Preferably, the distance between adjacent cutting heat exchanger components keep constant.
Preferably, except the length for cutting heat exchanger components is outside one's consideration, the other parameters of cutting heat exchanger components（For example between adjacent
Away from, caliber etc.）Keep constant.
Preferably, along rise tube fluid flow direction（I.e. along tedge bearing of trend）, set in tedge
Multiple cutting heat exchanger components are put, from the entrance of tedge to the outlet of tedge, difference cuts the hole 15 in heat exchanger components 14
Diameter is less and less.That is the bore dia of cutting heat exchanger components is D, D=F3(X), D ' is D first order derivative, meets following require：
D’<0;
Preferably, from the entrance of tedge to the outlet of tedge, the bore dia of difference cutting heat exchanger components is less and less
Amplitude is continuously increased.I.e.
D " is D second derivative, meets following require：
D”>0。
The change of the distance between for example adjacent cutting heat exchanger components of specific reason is identical.
Preferably, the length of cutting heat exchanger components and the distance of adjacent cutting heat exchanger components keep constant.
Preferably, in addition to cutting the bore dia of heat exchanger components, the other parameters of cutting heat exchanger components（Such as length,
The distance between adjacent cutting heat exchanger components etc.）Keep constant.
Further preferably, as shown in figure 4, setting groove, the outer wall of the cutting heat exchanger components 14 inside the tedge
It is arranged in groove.
Further preferably, as shown in figure 4, tedge is welded for multi-segment structure, the junction of multi-segment structure, which is set, to be divided
Switch thermal part 14.This mode causes being simple to manufacture for the tedge for setting cutting heat exchanger components, cost reduction.
By analysis and experiment learn, cutting heat exchanger components between spacing can not be excessive, it is excessive if cause damping
The effect of noise reduction is bad, while can not be too small, it is too small if cause resistance excessive, similarly, the external diameter in hole can not it is excessive or
Person is too small, and the effect for also resulting in damping noise reduction is bad or resistance is excessive, therefore the present invention is by substantial amounts of experiment, preferential
Meet normal flow resistance（Total pressure-bearing is below 2.5Mpa, or the on-way resistance of single riser is less than or equal to 5Pa/M）
In the case of so that being optimal of damping noise reduction, arrange the optimal relation of parameters.
The hole is circular, preferably, the distance between adjacent cutting heat exchanger components are J, cuts the length of heat exchanger components
Spend for L, the internal diameter of tedge is M, the radius in hole is A, the distance between adjacent hole center of circle B meets following require：
J/L=f-g*LN (M/（2*A）)；
B/（2*A） =h*(M/（2*A）)-i*(M/（2*A）)2-e
Wherein LN is logarithmic function, f, g, h, and i, e is parameter, wherein 3.0<f<3.5,0.5<g<0.6；2.9<h<3.1,0.33<i
<0.37,4.8<e<5.3；
The spacing J of wherein cutting heat exchanger components is with the distance between relative two ends of adjacent cutting heat exchanger components；Above divide
Switch the tail end of thermal part and the distance between front end of cutting heat exchanger components below.Referring specifically to Fig. 3 mark.
34<M<58mm；
4<A<6mm;
17<L<25mm；
32<J<40mm；
1.05<B/（2*A）<1.25.
Preferably, f=3.20, g=0.54, h=3.03, i=0.35, e=5.12.
Preferably, rising length of tube between 3000-8500mm.Further preferably, between 4500-5500mm.
Further preferably, 40mm<M<50mm；
9mm<2A<10mm;
22mm<L<24mm；
35mm<J<38mm。
By the preferred of the optimal geometric scale of above-mentioned formula, it can realize under the conditions of meeting normal flow resistance,
Damping noise reduction reaches optimum efficiency.
Further preferably, as M/A increase, f constantly reduce, g constantly increases.
For other parameters, the parameter such as tube wall, housing wall thickness is set according to normal standard.
Preferably, whole length direction extension of the hole 15 in cutting heat exchanger components 14.I.e. the length in hole 15 is equal to cutting
The length of heat exchanger components 14.
Preferably, in the case of the angle that tedge and horizontal plane are formed is C, correction factor k can be increased to data
It is modified, i.e.,
K* J/L=f-g*LN (M/（2*A）)；k=1/sin(C)d, wherein 0.09<d<0.11, preferably d=0.10.
20°<C<80 °, preferably 40-60 °.
Although the present invention is disclosed as above with preferred embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this.Any art technology
Personnel, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can make various changes or modifications, therefore protection scope of the present invention should
It is defined when by claim limited range.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of steam generator system, including central diagnosis monitor and boiler, the boiler include being arranged on steam (vapor) outlet pipeline
Flowmeter, pressure gauge and thermometer, for measure output steam flow velocity, pressure and temperature；The flowmeter, pressure gauge and
Thermometer carries out data cube computation with monitoring and diagnosis controller respectively, to give monitoring and diagnosis controller by the data transfer of measurement,
According to the vapor (steam) temperature of measurement, pressure, the quality of steam of flow relocity calculation unit interval in monitoring and diagnosis controller；
The boiler, which includes setting, sets blowoff valve on the blow-off pipe being connected with boiler-steam dome, blow-off pipe, the connection of blowoff valve one end
Adjustment mechanism for valve, adjustment mechanism for valve carries out data cube computation with monitoring and diagnosis controller, so as to which blowdown valve opening data are passed
Monitoring and diagnosis controller is passed, while receiving instruction from monitoring and diagnosis controller, the aperture of blowoff valve is adjusted；
Flowmeter is set on the water inlet manifold of the boiler, for detecting the flow entered in boiler, the flowmeter and monitoring
Diagnosing controller carries out data cube computation, to give monitoring and diagnosis controller, monitoring and diagnosis controller root by the data transfer of measurement
Enter the quality of the water of boiler according to the flow rate calculation unit interval of measurement；
The boiler periodically carries out blowdown, and blowing time keeps constant, the central diagnosis monitor according to quality of steam with it is defeated
Ratio between the quality for the water for entering boiler sets blowdown speed automatically, so as to automatically control blowdown flow rate.
2. steam generator system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that when starting periodically to carry out blowdown, if monitoring and diagnosis control
Ratio between the quality of steam of device detection processed and the quality for the water for inputting boiler is less than limit value, then monitoring and diagnosis controller
Blowoff valve is closed by adjustment mechanism for valve；If the quality of steam of monitoring and diagnosis controller detection and the matter of the water of input boiler
Ratio between amount is more than limit value, the central diagnosis monitor according to the quality of quality of steam and the water of input boiler it
Between ratio set blowdown speed automatically.
3. steam generator system as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that if after blowdown, the steaming of monitoring and diagnosis controller detection
Ratio between the quality of the water of vapour quality and input boiler is still more than limit value, then boiler sends cue.
4. steam generator system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that with quality of steam and the water of input boiler quality it
Between ratio increase, blowdown speed is continuously increased, and with the ratio between quality of steam and the quality for the water for inputting boiler
The increase of value, the ever-increasing amplitude of blowdown speed is increasing.
5. steam generator system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that blowdown flow rate control mode is as follows：
Central diagnosis monitor deposit reference data quality of steam MSteam, input boiler water mass MWaterWith blowing time T, row
The ratio M that dirty speed V is quality of steam and is inputted between the quality of the water of boilerSteam/MWaterWhen meet require blowdown flow rate V*T,
Then quality of steam is changed into mSteam, input boiler the quality of water be changed into mWaterWhen, blowing time t and blowdown speed v are met
It is following to require：
T holding fiducial times T are constant, and blowdown velocity variations are as follows：
v / V =(（mSteam/mWater）*（MWater/ MSteam）)d, wherein d is parameter, 1.04<d<1.07;
Need to meet following condition in above-mentioned formula：0.85<（mSteam/mWater）*（MWater/ MSteam）<1.15；
In above-mentioned formula, temperature MSteam、mSteamIt is the quality of steam produced the unit interval, unit is Kg/s, MWater、mWaterIt is the unit interval
The quality of the water of input, unit is Kg/s, and blowdown speed V, v are the sewage speed of discharge, and unit is m/s, blowing time T, t
Unit be s.
6. steam generator system as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that d=1.053.
7. steam generator system as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that central diagnosis monitor stores multigroup reference data.
8. steam generator system as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that when meeting multigroup reference data, chooses（1-v/V）2
The minimum one group of v of value.
9. steam generator system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the drum connection tedge and down-comer, it is described on
Multiple cutting heat exchanger components are arranged at intervals in riser, the cutting heat exchanger components extend along tedge short transverse, described point
A number of hole is provided with switching thermal part, heat exchanger components are cut in the hole in the insertion of tedge short transverse.
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| CN201710364149.1A CN107166365B (en) | 2017-05-22 | 2017-05-22 | A kind of steam boiler system of intelligent control blowdown speed |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102080820A (en) * | 2011-01-06 | 2011-06-01 | 西安交大思源科技股份有限公司 | Optimal energy-saving control method for surface pollution discharge of steam boiler |
| CN105135406A (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2015-12-09 | 山东理工大学 | Intelligent measurement and control boiler system dynamically calculating water loss according to drum water level |
| CN105222119A (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2016-01-06 | 山东理工大学 | Based on the boiler blow-out system of cloud computing according to blowdown Water-quality control |
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2017
- 2017-05-22 CN CN201710364149.1A patent/CN107166365B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102080820A (en) * | 2011-01-06 | 2011-06-01 | 西安交大思源科技股份有限公司 | Optimal energy-saving control method for surface pollution discharge of steam boiler |
| CN105135406A (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2015-12-09 | 山东理工大学 | Intelligent measurement and control boiler system dynamically calculating water loss according to drum water level |
| CN105222119A (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2016-01-06 | 山东理工大学 | Based on the boiler blow-out system of cloud computing according to blowdown Water-quality control |
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