CN109136130B - 一株鼠李糖乳杆菌ncu2217 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供一株鼠李糖乳杆菌Lactobacillus rhamnosus NCU2217,已于2018年4月9日保藏在中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心,地址:北京市朝阳区北辰西路1号院3号,中国科学院微生物研究所,其简称为CGMCC,保藏编号为CGMCCNO15573,鼠李糖乳杆菌NCU2217具有优良的耐酸性能及胆盐耐受性能,对生物胺有明显的抑制作用,可以有效降低由发酵带来的生物胺过高的问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于于微生物领域,具体涉及一株鼠李糖乳杆菌Lactobacillusrhamnosus NCU2217。
背景技术
在果蔬饮品的发酵过程中,微生物发酵的过程能够促进果蔬原料中碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂类等物质的代谢反应,大量产生和积累初级及次级代谢产物,生成有机酸、低聚糖、糖醇、酶类、低聚肽、多酚等多种有益成分;同时,经发酵得到的酵素饮料中还包含果蔬原料及微生物自身所含有的营养及功能成分。这些有益成分可以促进肠道有益菌的增殖,抑制有害菌的繁殖及腐败物质形成,起到调节肠道菌群平衡、增强免疫、促进睡眠、延缓衰老等作用,对人体有多种有益功效。因而,利用天然果蔬制备酵素饮料因其营养保健功能和独特的风味深受广大消费者的青睐;由于人体胃里面的环境长期处于酸性状态,在发酵过程中发酵菌往往会由于耐酸性不强而被杀死,大量的发酵有益菌耐胆盐性能也很差,有益菌不能进入肠道,所以寻找一种耐酸能力、耐胆盐性能强的有益发酵菌尤为重要。
生物胺是食品中普遍存在的有害物质,尤其是发酵食品中,食品中的生物胺主要是由微生物产生,同时也受游离氨基酸含量、温度、pH值、含盐量等影响。各类食品中生物胺的含量不尽相同,对于肉制品和水产品而言,屠宰后的新鲜肉和新鲜的水产品生物胺含量非常低,但在贮藏过程中会有所上升,而经过发酵之后得到的香肠或腌制品中生物胺普遍存在,且部分含量很高;此外,发酵乳制品中奶酪中生物胺浓度很高,调味品(如鱼露、豆豉、醋等)中有些胺的含量很高,橙汁等果汁类、番茄酱等蔬菜罐头类和咖啡豆等中也发现了生物胺。因为不同生物胺的毒性差别较大,且不同人群对生物胺的解毒能力也相差较大,建立统一的生物胺限量标准非常困难。美国FDA规定水产品中的组胺含量不得超过50mg/kg,并建议酪胺含量不要超过100mg/kg,生物胺总量不要超过1000mg/kg;本发明采用在制备饮料的过程中采用的乳杆菌发酵,对降低饮料、食品中生物胺有明显的效果,尤其是在发酵过程中产生的。CN105132308 A提供了一种能降低食品中生物胺含量的植物乳杆菌,但是采用的是一种乳杆菌,对总胺的降解率较低为67.3%,效果不够理想。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一株鼠李糖乳杆菌Lactobacillus rhamnosus NCU2217。
一株鼠李糖乳杆菌Lactobacillus rhamnosus NCU2217,已于2018年4月9日保藏在中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心,地址:北京市朝阳区北辰西路1号院3号,中国科学院微生物研究所,其简称为CGMCC,保藏编号为CGMCCNO15573。其16S rRNA序列SEQ ID:1所示。
1、所述嗜酸乳杆菌菌株的获得方式为:
收集新鲜婴儿粪便于一次性取样盒中,并放置于加有冰袋的厌氧盒中,迅速带回实验室处理,取2g粪便样品置于5ml pH3.0的液体培养基中37℃孵育3h,然后5000rpm离心10min,将沉淀用0.3%胆盐MRS液体培养基重悬并在37℃孵育3h;十倍稀释,选取合适浓度梯度(10-2,10-3,10-4),涂布于MRS(含0.04%溴甲酚紫,400μl/L的纳他霉素)培养基上,37℃厌氧培养48h。反复划线得到纯培养物。
2、菌落形态:
鼠李糖乳杆菌在MRS(含溴甲酚紫)平板上的形态为黄色圆形凸起状、表面粗糙、边缘不整齐,产酸强,菌落直径2-3mm;革兰氏阳性,短杆状,具体形态见附图1。
3、自凝集能力的测定
将过夜培养(20h)的鼠李糖乳杆菌在4500r/min下离心10min收集菌体,并用无菌PBS缓冲液洗涤两次。随后,将获得的菌体细胞用无菌PBS重悬并调整A600=0.6±0.05(A0),在37℃孵育24h。在第2、4、6、12和24h时取样,于600nm下测定吸光度(At),每次测定三个平行。按照下式计算细菌的自凝集百分比。
细菌自凝集百分比=(1-At/A0)×100%,其中,A0表示菌体初始吸光值,At代表t时刻菌体的吸光值,具体见附图2。
4、疏水性测定
利用微生物黏着碳氢化合物法(Bacteria Adhesion To Hydrocarbons,BATH)进行鼠李糖乳杆菌表面疏水性的测定。首先将过夜培养的鼠李糖乳杆菌在4500r/min下离心10min收集菌体细胞,并用无菌PBS缓冲液洗涤两次;随后,将获得的菌体细胞用无菌PBS重悬并调整A600=0.6±0.05(A0)。然后取1mL二甲苯加入至3mL调整好浓度的菌体细胞悬液中,混合后在室温下预孵育10min,涡旋振荡2min,然后在室温下孵育30min分层,小心吸取水相,以无菌PBS为空白测定OD600值(A)。
疏水率(%)=(1-A/A0)×100
其中A0表示菌体初始吸光值;A为二甲苯处理后下层水相吸光值。利用BATH法测定出鼠李糖乳杆菌的疏水率在90.08%。
5.、鼠李糖乳杆菌对模拟肠上皮细胞的黏附性
将培养好的Caco-2细胞用胰酶-EDTA消化液消化,再用DMEM完全培养液调整细胞浓度为1.0×105个/mL,装于6孔组织培养板中,每孔2mL,于CO2培养箱(5%CO2、95%空气)中37℃孵育至细胞长至单层。弃去组织培养板中各孔的DMEM培养液,以无菌PBS缓冲液清洗培养板2遍,其中1个孔用0.4mL胰酶-EDTA消化液进行消化后,加入0.6mLPBS,用巴氏吸管吹打,将细胞完全消化下来并使之混合均匀,血球计数板计算细胞浓度。其他5孔再加入1mLDMEM不完全培养液和1mL鼠李糖乳杆菌菌悬液(108CFU/mL),用移液枪吹打混匀,于37℃孵育2h。孵育后弃去组织培养板中各孔的混合液,用无菌PBS缓冲液洗涤5次,以除去未黏附的菌体。加入0.4mL胰酶-EDTA消化液进行消化后加入0.6mL无菌PBS缓冲液,进行梯度稀释,涂布于MRS固体平板上计算黏附的细菌数。黏附能力用下式计算
黏附能力(CFU/cell)=黏附细菌数/Caco-2细胞数,
以Caco-2细胞作为体外细胞黏附模型测定出鼠李糖乳杆菌的黏附能力为(16.69±0.70)CFU/cell。
6、分子生物学鉴定
基因组DNA的提取
将得到的纯种培养物进行细菌基因组DNA的提取。提取方法如下:
⑴将获得的纯培养物接种培养24h后取菌液1ml,10000rpm离心10min,弃上清。
⑵加500ul TE缓冲液,微振;
⑶加入70ul 50mg/ml溶菌酶,40℃水浴每10min微振1次,4-6次即可;
⑷加入50ul 5mg/ml蛋白酶,60℃水浴每10min微振一次,4-6次即可;
⑸加入300ul SDS裂解液,65℃水浴每10min微振一次,4-6次即可;
⑹加入300ul 2g/50ml KCl溶液,微振,常温10min,微振,置4℃30min;
⑺10000rpm 4℃离心10min,取上清,加入等体积无水乙醇(异丙醇),微振,4℃30min;10000rpm 4℃离心10min,去上清,
⑻加入500ul 75%冰乙醇;10000rpm 4℃离心10min,去上清,晾干沉淀。
7、16S rDNA鉴定
将获得的疑似乳酸菌的基因组DNA,以细菌通用引物27F进行PCR扩增。PCR反应体系和反应程序见表1和表2。将PCR产物送至上海生工公司进行测序,将所得结果在GeneBank数据库中使用BLAST工具进行同源性比较,以此确定各分离株的种属。
表1 PCR反应体系
表2 PCR反应程序
鉴定结果:所得序列片段长度为1184bp,在NCBI中将所得16s序列经BLAST序列对比,得到结果与Lactobacillus rhamnosus同源性大于96%。
本发明的有益效果:
(1)鼠李糖乳杆菌Lactobacillus rhamnosus NCU2217具有优良的耐酸性能及胆盐耐受性能;
(2)鼠李糖乳杆菌Lactobacillus rhamnosus NCU2217对生物胺有明显的抑制作用,可以有效降低由发酵带来的生物胺过高的问题。
附图说明
图1菌落形态及镜检结果;
图2自凝集百分比。
具体实施方式
实施例1
菌株优良的耐酸性能
用液体培养基活化冻干管保存的NCU2217,培养24h。取0.2mL接种到100mL三角瓶中培养18h即得新鲜种子液。调节PBS缓冲溶液pH至2.5,接种新鲜种子液0.5mL于99.5mLPBS缓冲溶液中,分别在0、0.5、1、1.5、2、2.5h测其菌落数,CICC6092为对照菌株。
表1 NCU2217在pH 2.5的PBS缓冲溶液中的耐酸性
实施例2
菌株优良的胆盐耐受性能
在MRS液体培养基中加入浓度为0、0.5、1.5、2.5、3.5、4.5g/100mL的牛胆盐,121℃高压蒸汽灭菌20min,冷却至37℃以下备用。将活化后的新鲜菌液以1%的接种量接种到上述处理后的培养基中,在0、1、2、3h涂布测其菌落变化。
表3 NCU2217胆盐耐受性
实施例3
本菌株对生物胺的的降解率测定:
采用高效液相色谱法分别测定采用鼠李糖乳杆菌Lactobacillus rhamnosusNCU2217发酵的饮料,和采用普通鼠李糖乳杆菌ATCC 4356(从中科院微生物所购买的普通鼠李糖乳杆菌)发酵的饮料,测定加入乳杆菌前后饮料中生物胺的降解率,通过积分计算含量;得出对生物胺的的降解率,测定条件为:色谱柱为C18型号;紫外检测波长为254nm,进样量10ul,柱温30℃,流速1.5ml/min,结果具体见表4。
表4
从本表中可以明确的得出采用本发明的两种混合菌株所制备的饮料中生物胺的降解率很高,综合生物胺的降解率在90%以上,未采用本发明指定的乳杆菌所制备饮料对生物胺的降解率很低。
序列表
<110> 南昌大学
<120> 一株鼠李糖乳杆菌NCU2217
<130> 20180806
<160> 1
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
<210> 2
<211> 1203
<212> DNA
<213> 鼠李糖乳杆菌(L.rhamnosus)
<400> 2
ccgggcgggg tgctaataca tgcagtcgaa cgctttttct ttcaccggag cttgctccac 60
cgaaagaaaa ggagtggcga acgggtgagt aacacgtggg taacctgccc atcagaaggg 120
gataacactt ggaaacaggt gctaataccg tataacaatc gaaaccgcat ggtttcggtt 180
tgaaaggcgc ttttgcgtca ctgatggatg gacccgcggt gcattagcta gttggtgagg 240
taacggctca ccaaggcaac gatgcatagc cgacctgaga gggtgatcgg ccacattggg 300
actgagacac ggcccaaact cctacgggag gcagcagtag ggaatcttcg gcaatggacg 360
caagtctgac cgagcaacgc cgcgtgagtg aagaaggttt tcggatcgta aaactctgtt 420
gttagagaag aacaaggatg agagtagaat gttcatccct tgacggtatc taaccagaaa 480
gccacggcta actacgtgcc agcagccgcg gtaatacgta ggtggcaagc gttgtccgga 540
tttattgggc gtaaagcgag cgcaggcggt ttcttaagtc tgatgtgaaa gcccccggct 600
caaccgggga gggtcattgg aaactgggaa acttgagtgc agaagaggag agtggaattc 660
catgtgtagc ggtgaaatgc gtagatatat ggaggaacac cagtggcgaa ggcggctctc 720
tggtctgtaa ctgacgctga ggctcgaaag cgtggggagc aaacaggatt agataccctg 780
gtagtccacg ccgtaaacga tgagtgctaa gtgttggagg gtttccgccc ttcagtgctg 840
cagctaacgc attaagcact ccgcctgggg agtacgaccg caaggttgaa actcaaagga 900
attgacgggg gcccgcacaa gcgggtggga gcatgtgggt ttaattcgaa gcaacgcgaa 960
gaacccttac caggtcttga catcctttga ccactctaga gatagagctt ccccttcggg 1020
ggcaaagtga caggtggtgc atggttgtcg tcagctcgtg tcgtgagatg ttgggtaagt 1080
cccgcaacga gcgcatcctt atggtagtgc attcaattag tgggccactc tagcgagact 1140
ggcgagtgaa cagatcgaga agttggatga ccgtccgatc actcaagtgc ccccttatat 1200
gaa 1203
Claims (1)
1.一株鼠李糖乳杆菌Lactobacillus rhamnosus NCU2217,已于2018年4月10日保藏在中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心,地址:北京市朝阳区北辰西路1号院3号,中国科学院微生物研究所,其简称为CGMCC,保藏编号为CGMCCNO15573,其16S rRNA序列如SEQID:1所示。
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