Background
Before being cut into rectangular flat plates, aluminum coils need to be straightened, and a roller type straightening machine is generally adopted in a straightening unit in the production of a transverse cutting device of a steel cutting machining center at present. The roll leveler continuously bends and deforms the aluminum sheet using a plurality of leveling rolls to eliminate the unevenness of curvature of the aluminum sheet, so that the curvature of the aluminum sheet gradually decreases from a large value to a small value, and a flat aluminum sheet is finally obtained. The strip material is repeatedly bent under the action of the paired straightening rollers, the outer part of the strip material is stretched, the inner part of the strip material is extruded, and finally plastic deformation is achieved. The process achieves the purposes of eliminating residual internal stress inside the strip, eliminating plate shape defects and straightening the material.
The basic structure of the roller straightening machine is composed of an upper roller system and a lower roller system which are oppositely arranged, wherein the lower roller system is arranged on a lower rack, the upper roller system is arranged on an upper rack, each roller system comprises a straightening roller and a supporting roller, the supporting rollers are usually arranged on the upper rack, the supporting rollers are used for preventing the straightening rollers from generating deflection deformation in the straightening process, the lower rack and the lower roller system are fixed, the upper rack and the upper roller system are movable and adjustable, and the rolling reduction is controlled by integrally adjusting the upper position and the lower position of the upper rack or individually adjusting the upper position and the lower position of the upper roller system so as to straighten the aluminum plate. The straightening machine has more defects in the use process, for example, the straightening roller of one straightening machine is fixed in size and small in straightening range, and production lines need to be added when aluminum plates with different thickness requirements need to be produced, so that the production cost is higher, and the straightening machine is not suitable for large-scale production of enterprises; in the straightening process, the number of different operations of integral adjustment or single adjustment under different conditions is large, the operation is complex, the time cost between different operations is high, and the improvement of the production efficiency is not facilitated; and the roller system and the frame are affected by the aluminum plate and impurities on the aluminum plate to generate irreversible deflection deformation in the long-time working process, which is mostly reflected by the vertical deformation of the frame, so that the straightening precision is reduced, and the straightening quality of the aluminum plate is seriously affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a straightening machine to solve the problems that an existing straightening machine is small in single straightening range and cannot produce aluminum plates with different thickness requirements.
In order to achieve the purpose, the basic technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a straightening machine, includes upper frame and lower frame, is equipped with the upper roll system on the upper frame, is equipped with the lower roll system in the lower frame, and the upper roll system includes last leveling roller, and the lower roll system includes lower leveling roller, the lower leveling roller transversely has the upper roll face parallel and level in same transverse plane of the roll system that a plurality of and a plurality of lower leveling rollers formed side by side, the upper roll system that the upper leveling roller transverse arrangement has a plurality of and a plurality of upper leveling rollers to form is the V type in vertical arranging, is equipped with adjustment mechanism on the upper frame, and the adjustable upper roll system of adjustment mechanism is vertical removal and swing.
The principle of the scheme is as follows: in practical application, the upper frame and the lower frame are used as supporting structures of a roller system of the straightening machine, the upper frame is used for supporting the upper roller system, the lower frame is used for supporting the lower roller system, and a space between the upper straightening roller and the lower straightening roller is used for straightening the aluminum plate. The upper straightening rollers and the lower straightening rollers are arranged in a staggered mode, an aluminum plate to be straightened passes through the space between the upper straightening rollers and the lower straightening rollers after entering the straightening machine, the aluminum plate which is bent after being uncoiled is subjected to multiple times of reverse bending and stretching under the extrusion of the upper straightening rollers and the lower straightening rollers, a certain elastic-plastic deformation is generated at the bent part, and the aluminum plate is separated from the straightening machine and does not receive external force and then is subjected to elastic recovery to reach a straight state. The upper roll surface of the lower straightening roll is kept flat, the upper straightening roll is arranged in a vertical V shape, namely the lower end surface of the upper roll system is a V-shaped surface with two high ends and a low middle part, so that the distance between different positions between the upper straightening roll and the lower straightening roll is in a V-shaped change shape, the adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the upper roll system to vertically lift or swing, the distance between the lowest upper straightening roll and the lower straightening roll surface in the upper roll system has different change values at different swing angles in the swinging process, the vertical lifting can synchronously adjust the change values, aluminum plates with different thicknesses can enter and be straightened at different swing angles, the distance between the upper straightening roll and the lower straightening roll can be adjusted according to the thickness of the aluminum plates, the vertical lifting and the arrangement mode of the upper straightening roll can allow aluminum plates with larger thickness ranges to enter without singly adjusting the pressing amount of the straightening roll, the aluminum plate with a larger thickness range can be straightened.
The scheme has the advantages that: 1. the roller systems that the roller surfaces of the lower straightening rollers are parallel and level and the upper straightening rollers are arranged in a V shape in the vertical direction are adopted, so that the straightening treatment can be carried out on the aluminum plate with a larger thickness range, one straightening machine in the prior art can only process the aluminum plates with the thickness ranges of 0.3-1.5 mm and 1.5-4.5 mm, and the straightening machine can process the aluminum plates with the thickness ranges of 0.3-6 mm, so that the production line introduction of enterprises with different thickness ranges can be reduced, and the production cost can be reduced; 2. the minimum distance between the upper straightening roll and the lower straightening roll can be changed through the integral vertical lifting and swinging of the upper roll system, the distance between the upper straightening roll and the lower straightening roll near the minimum distance is changed in a step manner, so that the straightening force of the aluminum plate is changed in a step manner, the step gradual change of the deformation of the aluminum plate is ensured by matching with the plane arrangement of the lower straightening roll, and the straightening effect of the aluminum plate is better when the straightening roll extrudes the aluminum plate too much; 3. the press-down amount of the rack is not required to be integrally adjusted or the press-down amount of a single straightening roller is not required to be adjusted one by one, so that the operation is more convenient and faster.
Preferably, as an improvement of the basic scheme, the diameters of the upper straightening roll and the lower straightening roll are reduced in sequence from the inlet to the outlet of the straightening machine. The straightening machine is preferably arranged in such a way that the straightening rollers with different diameters are orderly arranged, the aluminum plate with larger thickness can be straightened at the inlet through the straightening rollers with large diameters, the deformation resistance force applied to the straightening machine by the aluminum plate with larger thickness in the straightening deformation process can be stably born, and the straightening machine is suitable for the straightening stress of the aluminum plates with different thicknesses; compared with the traditional straightening machine, the straightening machine has the same diameter, so that one straightening machine has the function of being equivalent to several straightening machines, the upper straightening rolls with different diameters are used for adjusting the upper rolls of the aluminum plates with different thicknesses, the residual curvatures of the straightened plates with different thicknesses in the straightening process of the straightening machine can be fluctuated and gradually reduced, and the straightening of the aluminum plates with different thicknesses is facilitated. And the thickness difference of the straightening machine for straightening is increased, the multiple relation of the thickness is increased from 3-5 times to 10-15 times, and the straightening range is greatly increased.
In a second preferred scheme, as an improvement of the first preferred scheme, the upper straightening roll and the lower straightening roll are both connected with a power transmission mechanism, the power transmission mechanism is connected with a power source, and the power transmission mechanism is used for enabling the linear speeds of the upper straightening rolls to be the same. The power source is arranged to provide rotation of the upper straightening roller and the lower straightening roller, the power transmission mechanism distributes power to the straightening rollers in the power transmission process, the linear speeds of the upper straightening rollers are consistent, the different upper straightening rollers rotate to extrude and transmit the aluminum plate in the straightening process of the aluminum plate, and the effectiveness of straightening, extruding and stress is guaranteed while the aluminum plate is not subjected to friction damage in the straightening process.
And the upper roll system and the lower roll system also comprise a plurality of middle rolls and a plurality of supporting rolls which are matched with each upper straightening roll and each lower straightening roll to work, the middle rolls are abutted against the upper straightening roll and each lower straightening roll, the supporting rolls are abutted against the middle rolls, the supporting rolls are arranged on a supporting frame, the supporting frame is connected onto the upper rack and the lower rack through bolts, and disc springs are sleeved on the bolts. The middle roller and the supporting roller are used for supporting the straightening roller, the deformation of upward bending of the straightening roller caused by the aluminum plate in the long-time straightening working process is reduced, the supporting frame is used for supporting the supporting roller, the disc spring is used for buffering the extrusion of the supporting roller, and the extrusion of the supporting rollers is evenly distributed on the supporting frame, so that the supporting roller can evenly buffer the middle roller and the straightening roller. In addition, the mode that the supporting frame of the supporting roller and the upper frame are integrally independent is adopted, the deformation resistance force which is cumulatively applied to the supporting roller by the aluminum plate in the straightening process is born by the supporting frame of the supporting roller and is not transferred to the upper frame, and the problem of the upper frame deflection deformation existing after the straightening machine in the prior art is used for a long time can be effectively solved.
Preferably, as an improvement of any one of the basic solution to the third solution, a reversible deformation mechanism is arranged between the upper frame and the support frame. The anti-deformation mechanism is arranged to apply anti-deformation force to the supporting frame, the supporting frame provides downward anti-deformation force to the upper roller system, upward deformation force applied to the upper roller system by the aluminum plate in the straightening process can be interacted, upward bending deformation of the upper roller system and the upper frame caused by the aluminum plate in the straightening process is further counteracted, the upper frame and the upper roller system are kept stable, stable and reliable straightening treatment can be performed on the aluminum plate, and the service life of the straightening machine is prolonged.
Preferably, the anti-deformation mechanism comprises an oil cylinder and an inclined sliding plate, the inclined sliding plate is connected with the output end of the oil cylinder, the inclined sliding plate is provided with an inclined surface, a slope surface abutting against the inclined surface is arranged at the upper end of the support frame, and the inclined sliding plate is connected between the upper rack and the support plate in a sliding mode. Preferably, when the support frame of the support roller of the straightener is subjected to deflection deformation caused by deformation resistance of an aluminum plate after long-term use, the inclined slide plate is pushed by the oil cylinder to slide on the slope surface, the inclined slide plate is squeezed between the upper rack and the support frame through the propping and displacement of the inclined surface and the slope surface, and the inclined slide plate downwards squeezes the support frame under the limitation of a connecting bolt between the support frame and the upper rack to resist the upward deflection deformation of the support frame, so that the stability of an upper roller system of the straightener is ensured.
And a sixth optimal scheme, which is an improvement of the fifth optimal scheme, the adjusting mechanism comprises a motor, a gearbox, a lead screw and a reversing seat, the gearbox is connected with a worm wheel, the worm wheel and the lead screw form a worm and gear mechanism to connect the top end of the lead screw with the motor, the bottom end of the lead screw is rotatably connected to the reversing seat through a pin shaft, and the reversing seat is fixed at the upper end of the upper rack on the outlet side and the inlet side of the straightener. The motor is as power input, and gearbox and lead screw give the switching-over seat with power transmission, rotate through the round pin axle to connect can be with last frame unilateral or two sides at vertical removal, and then carry out accurate regulation to last roll system vertically, compare in traditional single regulation straightener roll operation, but like this whole regulation last roll system, adjust convenient and fast more.
Preferably, the reversing seat comprises two vertical support lugs which are arranged in parallel, through holes are formed in the support lugs, the bottom end of the screw rod is located between the two support lugs and provided with a transverse through hole, and the pin shaft penetrates through the through holes and the through holes to hinge the screw rod on the reversing seat. The bottom end of the screw rod is preferably stably limited and fixed, so that the screw rod can drive the reversing seat and the upper frame to move.
Preferably, the support lug is provided with a threaded hole, the threaded hole is internally connected with a positioning bolt, the positioning bolt is sleeved with a clamping plate, and the pin shaft is provided with a clamping groove corresponding to the clamping plate. As the preferred setting like this forms the joint limit structure to the round pin axle on the journal stirrup, positioning bolt fixes a position the cardboard, and cardboard and draw-in groove cooperation are fixed a position the round pin axle for the location of round pin axle to the lead screw is more reliable and more stable.
Preferably, the power source is a motor, the power transmission mechanism comprises a plurality of gear speed reducers connected with each other through couplers, and the upper straightening roll and the lower straightening roll are both connected with the same gear speed reducer. Preferably, the speed reduction and shunt output of the same power source is realized step by step through multi-stage speed reduction transmission, and the same power source can be used for outputting power to a plurality of straightening rollers with different diameters to ensure that the linear speeds of the straightening rollers are consistent.
The embodiment is basically as shown in the attached figures 1 and 2: a straightening machine comprises an upper rack 1 and a lower rack 5, wherein an upper roll system is arranged on the upper rack 1, a lower roll system is arranged on the lower rack 5, the upper roll system comprises an upper straightening roll 21, the lower roll system comprises a lower straightening roll 22, and as shown in a combined figure 3, the lower straightening roll 22 is horizontally provided with a plurality of upper roll surfaces parallel and level to the lower straightening roll 22 side by side, the cross sections of the upper straightening roll 21, which are transversely arranged with the upper straightening rolls 21, are arranged in a V-shaped manner in a vertical plane, and as shown in figure 3, the lower end surfaces of the upper straightening rolls 21 are V-shaped surfaces with high sides and low middle sides. The upper roll system and the lower roll system are arranged in a staggered mode, the diameters of the straightening rolls of the upper roll system are reduced from left to right in sequence, and the linear speeds of the straightening rolls of the upper roll system are consistent. The upper roll system and the lower roll system further comprise a middle roll 3 and a supporting roll 4, the middle roll 3 is abutted to the upper straightening roll 21 and the lower straightening roll 22, the supporting roll 4 is abutted to the middle roll 3, the supporting roll 4 is installed on the supporting frame 6, the supporting frame 6 is connected to the upper frame 1 and the lower frame 5 through bolts, and the bolts are sleeved with belleville springs 11.
An anti-deformation mechanism is arranged between the upper frame 1 and the support frame 6, the anti-deformation mechanism comprises an oil cylinder 12 and an inclined sliding plate 10, the inclined sliding plate 10 is connected with the output end of the oil cylinder 12, the inclined sliding plate 10 is provided with an inclined surface, and the inclined surface is abutted against the support frame 6.
An adjusting mechanism is arranged on the upper frame 1 and can adjust the upper roll system to swing vertically relative to the lower roll system. The adjusting mechanism comprises a motor, a gearbox 9, a lead screw 8 and a reversing seat 7, wherein the top end of the lead screw 8 is connected with the motor through the gearbox 9, as shown in a combined figure 4, the bottom end of the lead screw 8 is rotatably connected onto the reversing seat 7 through a pin shaft 72, and the reversing seat 7 is fixed on the upper rack 1 at the outlet side and the inlet side of the straightening machine. The reversing seat 7 comprises two vertical support lugs 71 which are arranged in parallel, through holes are formed in the support lugs 71, the bottom end of the lead screw 8 is located between the two support lugs 71 and is provided with a transverse through hole, and the pin shaft 72 penetrates through the through holes and the through holes to hinge the lead screw 8 on the reversing seat 7. The support lug 71 is provided with a threaded hole, a positioning bolt 73 is connected in the threaded hole, a clamping plate 74 is sleeved on the positioning bolt 73, and a clamping groove corresponding to the clamping plate 74 is formed in the pin shaft 72.
In this embodiment, during practical application, after entering the straightener, the aluminum plate to be straightened is straightened by the straightening rollers on the upper roller system and the lower roller system, the upper roller system and the flat lower roller system which are vertically arranged in a V shape are matched to reversely bend and stretch the aluminum plate for multiple times, the upper roller systems which are sequentially arranged in an orderly manner and have the same linear speed are sequentially reduced in the diameter of the straightening rollers from the inlet to the outlet in the V shape arrangement, so that the aluminum plates with different thicknesses can enter the straightener to be straightened, and the residual curvatures of the aluminum plates with different thicknesses in the straightening process can be fluctuated and gradually reduced to finally straighten the aluminum plate. In the straightening process, a worm gear drives a screw rod 8 to vertically move so as to adjust an upper frame 1 to drive an upper roller system to lift on one side or two sides to realize integral lifting or deflection swinging of the upper roller system, an aluminum plate with thicker thickness deflects the upper roller system to lower the upper roller system on the inlet side to straighten the thick aluminum plate, and upper straightening rollers 21 on the middle part and the outlet side are suspended; synchronously lifting the outlet side and the inlet side of the aluminum plate with the equal thickness, straightening the aluminum plate with the equal thickness by an upper straightening roll 21 with the equal diameter in the middle of the V shape, and suspending the upper straightening rolls 21 on the outlet side and the inlet side; the deflection of the upper rolls for the aluminum sheet of thinner thickness causes the outlet side to descend for straightening the thin aluminum sheet, while the upper straightening rolls 21 on the inlet side and the middle part are suspended. The straightening machine not only can adapt to straightening of aluminum plates with different thicknesses, but also can adjust the reverse bending rate, the deformation size and the deformation times of aluminum plates with different thicknesses to be straightened, and can also adjust the extrusion force received by the upper roller system to reduce the pressure of the upper roller system on the upper frame 1 and reduce the upward deflection deformation of the upper frame 1 after long-time use. The inclined sliding plate 10 can be driven by the oil cylinder 12 to reversely support the support frame 6 in the using process of the straightening machine, the deformation generated by the rack in the using process due to insufficient rigidity of the straightening machine can be repaired by generating reverse deformation in the straightening machine, and meanwhile, the straightening rollers can be adjusted, so that the thickness range of the straightened plates is larger, and the straightening operation of the plates with different thicknesses on one straightening machine is facilitated. The rolling reduction of the reverse deformation can be obtained by calculating the displacement of the oblique sliding plate 10 by using a displacement sensor available in the market and the inclination angle of the oblique sliding plate 10, and the displacement can be accurately controlled by controlling the oil cylinder 12, so that the precise control of the reverse deformation rolling reduction is ensured, and the adjustment is accurate and in place without excess. The straightening machine only needs to perform the pressing amount and the deflection amount of the upper roll system in the using process, can repair the deformation of the rack in the straightening process through the anti-deformation mechanism, and has the advantages of larger processing range, better processing quality and simpler and more convenient operation.
The foregoing are merely examples of the present invention and common general knowledge of known specific structures and/or features of the schemes has not been described herein in any greater detail. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.