CN114570784B - Forming device of large-diameter stainless steel pipe - Google Patents
Forming device of large-diameter stainless steel pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN114570784B CN114570784B CN202111602062.6A CN202111602062A CN114570784B CN 114570784 B CN114570784 B CN 114570784B CN 202111602062 A CN202111602062 A CN 202111602062A CN 114570784 B CN114570784 B CN 114570784B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
- B21C37/08—Making tubes with welded or soldered seams
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
- B21C37/30—Finishing tubes, e.g. sizing, burnishing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D5/00—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves
- B21D5/14—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves by passing between rollers
- B21D5/143—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves by passing between rollers making use of a mandrel
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Abstract
The invention discloses a forming device of a large-caliber stainless steel pipe, which is suitable for processing a stainless steel rectangular plate into the large-caliber stainless steel pipe with the pipe diameter of D, and comprises an upper pressing piece arranged at the lower end of a pressing rod, a lower pressing piece arranged on a rack and an extrusion device used for extruding a stainless steel cylindrical material with an opening into a closed opening, wherein the rack is provided with a side positioning structure capable of driving the rectangular plate to transversely move left and right and positioning, the side positioning structure can enable the central line of the rectangular plate to form an eccentric distance a in the horizontal direction and the longitudinal direction of the rack, and the a is more than or equal to 0.3 pi D and less than or equal to 0.4 pi D. The invention can effectively avoid the interference generated during pipe coiling, is beneficial to improving the processing efficiency and reducing the manufacturing cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pipe processing, in particular to a forming device for a large-caliber stainless steel pipe.
Background
In the fields of petroleum pipeline transportation and the like, a large number of large-caliber stainless steel pipes are used, generally, the diameter of each stainless steel pipe is larger than 300mm, the length of each pipe is 3-4m, and the wall thickness of each stainless steel pipe is thick, so that stainless steel plates are usually rolled and bent by a pipe rolling device to form a semi-finished product with a splicing opening, then the opening is welded by laser welding, the stainless steel pipes are formed, and the qualified stainless steel pipe products are formed by processes of shaping, grinding welding seams and the like in the later period.
As shown in fig. 1 of the specification, in the prior art, a pipe coiling device generally includes two lower press rolls 1 and an upper press roll 2, specifically, a stainless steel rectangular plate is placed on the two lower press rolls, then the upper press roll is pressed downwards by a press (not shown in the figure) through a press rod 4, so that the rectangular plate is gradually formed into an arc-shaped bent semi-finished cylindrical material 31 with an opening from one side to the other side, and the cylindrical material openings are welded together by laser welding to form a large-diameter stainless steel pipe.
However, such a tube coiling device and a corresponding tube coiling method in the prior art have the following technical defects: firstly, the upper press roll and the lower press roll need to be extruded in the vertical direction through the press, and as the upper press roll and the lower press roll need to have lengths not less than the length of the pipe, namely, the lengths of the upper press roll and the lower press roll need to be more than or equal to 3-4m, and correspondingly, the upper press roll and the lower press roll need to simultaneously use more than 2 large-scale presses to realize the pipe coiling of the rectangular plate, on one hand, the manufacturing cost is increased, on the other hand, the multiple presses need to realize the complete synchronization of the actions, the technical difficulty is high, once the actions are asynchronous, the upper press roll is easy to generate bending deformation, and then the forming quality of the stainless steel pipe is directly influenced. Secondly, as shown in fig. 1, when a horizontal rectangular plate material is gradually pressed into a cylindrical material from a roll, the upper press roll is "enclosed" in the cylindrical material having an opening. It can be understood that the upper press roll is required to be provided with a bearing, a bracket and the like connected with the press rod at least at two ends, and because the centers of the bearing, the bracket and the like are arranged in a vertical plane passing through the axis of the upper press roll, when the rectangular plate is gradually bent into a cylindrical semi-finished product, one side edge of the rectangular plate can cross the vertical plane passing through the axis of the upper press roll, so that the rectangular plate is interfered with the press rod connecting the bearing and the bracket. The method is favorable for solving the problem of interference with a rectangular plate, but can cause the defect that the bearing and the support cannot be coplanar with the acting force of the compression bar, so that the strength and the rigidity of the upper compression roller, the bearing, the support, the compression bar and the like are reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of high manufacturing cost, difficult quality guarantee, easy interference during pipe coiling and the like of the conventional forming method of the large-caliber stainless steel pipe, and provides a forming device of the large-caliber stainless steel pipe, which can effectively avoid the interference during pipe coiling, is favorable for improving the processing efficiency and reducing the manufacturing cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a forming device of a large-caliber stainless steel pipe is suitable for processing a stainless steel rectangular plate into the large-caliber stainless steel pipe with the pipe diameter of D, and comprises an upper pressing piece arranged at the lower end of a pressing rod, a lower pressing piece arranged on a rack and an extruding device used for extruding the stainless steel cylindrical plate with an opening into the shape with the opening closed, wherein a side positioning structure capable of driving the rectangular plate to transversely move left and right and positioning is arranged on the rack, the side positioning structure can enable the central line of the rectangular plate to longitudinally form an eccentric distance a with the rack in the horizontal direction, and the a is more than or equal to 0.3 pi D and less than or equal to 0.4 pi D.
Similarly to the prior art, the invention can firstly tear the stainless steel plate into the required rectangular plate, then horizontally place the rectangular plate on the lower pressing piece, the upper pressing piece downwards moves to press the rectangular plate, thereby the rectangular plate is rolled into the cylindrical plate with the opening, then the cylindrical plate is pressed by the pressing device, the opening is closed to form a splicing seam, so as to weld the splicing seam and form a tubular semi-finished product, and then the semi-finished product is processed by rounding, straightening and the like, so as to form the stainless steel pipe. Of course, the finished stainless steel tube needs to be tested by corresponding pressure tests and the like. Since the above steps and methods are prior art, they will not be described in detail herein.
Compared with the prior art, the rack is provided with the side positioning structure capable of driving the rectangular plate to transversely move left and right and position. Therefore, the eccentric distance a between the lower pressing piece and the rack can be longitudinally formed through the side positioning structure, when the rectangular plate is horizontally placed on the eccentric lower pressing piece, the upper pressing piece can firstly extrude and pre-bend one side of the rectangular plate, and therefore one side of the rectangular plate is bent. In the same way, the other side of the rectangular plate can be subjected to extrusion pre-bending, so that the other side of the rectangular plate is bent, the rectangular plate at the moment is in a U shape formed by the bending parts on the two sides and the middle straight part, and then the middle straight part of the rectangular plate is subjected to extrusion bending, so that the cylindrical plate with the opening is formed. It can be understood that, when the rectangular plate is processed by pre-bending, the central angle of the bent two sides of the rectangular plate is smaller, so that the rectangular plate does not interfere with the pressing rod of the upper pressing piece. That is, the center of the pressing rod and the center of the upper pressing member can be located in the same vertical plane, so that the pressing rod or the upper pressing member is prevented from bearing eccentric moment during extrusion.
In particular, the present invention controls the eccentricity a to be in the following range: a is more than or equal to 0.4 pi D and less than or equal to 0.5 pi D, so that the rectangular plate can be extruded and pre-bent from the edge of the outermost side, the flat part which is not extruded and bent is prevented from being left at the edge of the rectangular plate, and the phenomenon of 'air compression' of the upper pressing piece caused by overlarge eccentric distance is prevented.
Preferably, the lower pressing piece comprises a left row of lower roller groups and a right row of lower roller groups which are symmetrically arranged, each lower roller group comprises a plurality of lower rollers which are longitudinally arranged, the upper pressing piece comprises an upper roller which is arranged at the lower end of the pressing rod and is positioned between the left row of lower roller groups and the right row of lower roller groups, the axes of the upper roller and the lower rollers are vertical to the longitudinal direction of the rack, the circumferential surface of the upper roller is an outward convex arc-shaped ring surface with the radius equal to R, R is more than or equal to D/2.2 and less than or equal to D/2.1, the circumferential surface of the lower rollers is an inward concave arc-shaped ring surface, the axial cross sections of the circumferential surfaces of the corresponding lower rollers in the left row of lower roller groups and the right row of lower roller groups are positioned in the same circle with the diameter of D, and the rack is provided with a longitudinal driving mechanism for driving the rectangular plate to longitudinally move.
Because the lower pressing piece comprises the left and right rows of lower roller sets which are symmetrically arranged, when the rectangular plate is placed on the lower pressing piece, and the upper pressing piece moves downwards to extrude the rectangular plate, the rectangular plate can move back and forth in the longitudinal direction through the corresponding longitudinal driving mechanism, and the rectangular plate is ensured to have smaller rolling friction resistance when moving back and forth, so that the rectangular plate can be extruded and bent into a cylindrical material with an opening through the rollers by using one press. That is, the invention can roll and bend the stainless steel plate into the long stainless steel pipe with large caliber by one press, thereby being convenient to process and manufacture by the existing equipment and being beneficial to reducing the manufacturing cost.
Particularly, the circumferential surface of the upper roller is an outer convex arc-shaped ring surface with the radius equal to R, and the radius R is controlled in the following range: d/2.2 is more than or equal to R is less than or equal to D/2.1, so that the rectangular plate can be finally rolled into arc bending with the radius close to D/2, the radius of the arc bending is prevented from being too small, and the smooth arc bending is ensured.
In addition, because the axial cross section of the circumferential surface of the corresponding lower roller in the left and right two rows of lower roller sets is positioned in the same circle with the diameter of D, when the upper roller and the lower roller are used for extruding and bending the rectangular plate, the arc-shaped bending radius formed by the rectangular plate can be ensured to be not less than D/2, namely, the lower roller sets on the left and right sides can effectively support the rectangular plate during bending.
Preferably, the width of the upper roller is S, the width of the pressure lever is B, and S is more than or equal to 1.2B and less than or equal to 1.3B.
It will be appreciated that the sides of the rectangular sheet material may be first bent into arcuate bends with the central flat portion having a width substantially equal to the width B of the strut. When the rectangular plate material is bent into a cylindrical material, the opening width of the cylindrical material is slightly larger than the width B of the pressing rod. The width S of the upper roller is within the range that S is not less than 1.2B and not more than 1.3B, namely the width S of the upper roller is slightly larger than the width of the pressure rod, so that the upper roller can directly extrude and bend the center of the straight part of the rectangular plate, and then the middle straight part of the rectangular plate and the bent parts at two sides have arc-shaped bending with the same radius, thereby ensuring that the rectangular plate forms a continuous and smooth cylindrical material and avoiding the interference between the bent parts at two sides and the pressure rod.
Preferably, the side positioning structure comprises a moving frame arranged on the frame in a transversely movable manner, and a power unit for driving the moving frame to move left and right, wherein two sides of the moving frame are correspondingly provided with a stop lever extending upwards, the distance between the lower ends of the stop levers is pi D, the opposite inner sides of the stop levers are arcuately bent inwards from the lower end connected with the moving frame to the upper end so as to form a stop surface with a central angle theta, and
the radius of the stop surface is: a + π D/2.
When a rectangular plate is placed on the lower pressing piece, the rectangular plate is supported on the lower roller sets which are symmetrically arranged in the left row and the right row, and the two sides of the rectangular plate abut against the stop levers on the corresponding side, so that the rectangular plate is positioned in the transverse direction. When the rectangular plate needs to be transversely moved so as to be eccentrically positioned on the rack, the rectangular plate can be conveniently and transversely eccentrically arranged only by driving the eccentric distance required by transverse movement of the lower pressing piece through the power unit.
In particular, when the outermost side of the rectangular plate is extruded and bent to form a first arc-shaped bending strip, the edge of the other side of the rectangular plate is tilted upwards, and the side edge forms an arc-shaped track in the air. As can be seen from the calculation, the central angle corresponding to the arc-shaped locus is approximately equal to
Accordingly, the arc-shaped locus corresponds to a radius substantially equal to a + π D/2. Therefore, the inner side of the stop lever is provided with the arc-shaped bent stop surface with the central angle equal to theta and the radius of a + pi D/2, so that the edge of the rectangular plate can be always limited by the stop lever when being tilted upwards, and the rectangular plate is ensured to have stable eccentric distance.
It can be understood that when one side of the rectangular plate is extruded and bent to form the second arc-shaped bending belt, the radius corresponding to the arc-shaped track formed by the edge of the other side is smaller than a + pi D/2, and the stop lever is driven by the power unit to move transversely, so that the edge of the rectangular plate is always positioned by abutting against the stop surface of the stop lever on one side.
Preferably, the extrusion device comprises extrusion roller groups positioned at two sides of the frame, each extrusion roller group comprises a plurality of extrusion rollers uniformly distributed along the longitudinal direction, the circumferential surface of each extrusion roller is an inwards concave arc-shaped ring surface with the radius equal to D/2, and the distance between the first extrusion roller and the last extrusion roller of the extrusion roller groups at two sides is gradually reduced from (D + B/pi) to D.
According to the method, the diameter of the cylindrical material with the opening is slightly larger than the pipe diameter D, when the cylindrical material is placed between the extrusion roller sets on the two sides of the rack, the corresponding extrusion roller wheels in the extrusion roller sets on the two sides rotate relatively to extrude the outer side of the cylindrical material, so that the diameter of the cylindrical material is reduced, and the opening is closed, so that the opening can be welded conveniently.
Particularly, the distance between the first extrusion roller and the last extrusion roller of the two-side extrusion roller set is gradually reduced from (D + B/pi) to D, namely, the distance between the last extrusion roller is just equal to the pipe diameter D, and the distance between the first extrusion rollers is greater than the pipe diameter D + B/pi, so that the cylindrical material can be conveniently fed into the gap between the first pair of extrusion rollers, and when the extrusion rollers rotate relatively, on one hand, the cylindrical material can be extruded and reduced in diameter, and on the other hand, the cylindrical material can be driven to move forwards. When the cylindrical material is extruded and reduced in diameter by the last pair of extrusion rollers, the cylindrical material with the diameter D can be formed, and the opening of the cylindrical material can be welded at the moment. That is, the cylindrical material may be welded while being pressed and reduced in diameter.
Preferably, the moving frame is provided with a transverse sliding groove and a driving oil cylinder, the lower ends of the stop levers are connected in the sliding groove in a sliding mode, piston rods of the driving oil cylinder are connected with the stop levers, the moving frame is further provided with a plurality of electromagnets with positioning levers, the electromagnets are located beside the sliding groove and arranged at intervals in the length direction of the sliding groove, and when the positioning levers are driven by the electromagnets to move into the sliding groove and positioned at the maximum distance, the distance between the lower ends of the stop levers on the two sides is pi D.
It can be understood that when the inner side of the stop lever is an arc-shaped stop surface, the distance between the stop levers on both sides will gradually decrease from bottom to top. In order to facilitate the placement of the rectangular plate between the stop levers on the two sides, the lower ends of the stop levers are connected with the moving rods in a sliding mode, so that the stop levers on the two sides can be moved outwards through the driving oil cylinder, and the rectangular plate can be conveniently placed; then the corresponding electromagnet is actuated to drive the positioning rod to be transversely blocked in the sliding groove, and then the eccentrically moved stop lever is positioned. When one side edge of the rectangular plate is formed into an arc-shaped bend with the radius r, the side edge is formed into a certain retraction to be separated from the stop lever. At the moment, the side stop lever can move inwards by driving the oil cylinder to abut against the edge of the rectangular plate, and then the rectangular plate is ensured to be reliably positioned transversely all the time. That is to say, the rectangular plate is now positioned in the transverse direction by means of the stop face of the bar on the other side.
It should be noted that the driving cylinders on both sides can control the movement thereof through the existing electromagnetic directional valve, so as to conveniently control the moving direction of the stop levers on both sides. Certainly, the driving force of the driving oil cylinder can be conveniently regulated and controlled by adjusting the working area of the driving oil cylinder or the pressure of hydraulic oil, so that a gap is not reserved between the stop levers on the two sides of the rectangular plate, and the edge of the rectangular plate can be pried upwards along the stop surface.
Preferably, the driving oil cylinder comprises a cylinder body, a piston and a piston rod connected with the stop lever, a working cavity located on one side of the piston is connected with a main pipeline and a secondary pipeline, the main pipeline is connected with hydraulic oil through a one-way valve, the secondary pipeline is connected with a working cavity on the lower side of a vertically-arranged pressure maintaining oil cylinder, and a pressure maintaining counterweight is arranged on the piston rod extending upwards from the pressure maintaining oil cylinder.
When the rectangular plate needs to be deviated to the first side, the main pipeline of the driving oil cylinder at the second side inputs high-pressure hydraulic oil into a working cavity of the driving oil cylinder, and a piston rod of the driving oil cylinder can drive the stop lever to move. At the moment, the main pipeline of the driving oil cylinder on the first side is in a cut-off state, and hydraulic oil in the working cavity of the driving oil cylinder cannot flow back due to the obstruction of the one-way valve, so that the hydraulic oil in the working cavity of the driving oil cylinder enters the working cavity of the pressure maintaining oil cylinder through the secondary pipeline, and then the piston rod of the driving oil cylinder drives the pressure maintaining counterweight to move upwards. That is, when the blocking rod drives the rectangular plate to shift to one side, one of the driving cylinders is a main cylinder which provides a driving force, and accordingly, the blocking rod is a lateral shift positioning reference of the rectangular plate, and the other driving cylinder is a sub cylinder which provides a clamping force, so that the rectangular plate is reliably positioned between the two blocking rods.
Therefore, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the interference generated during pipe coiling can be effectively avoided, the processing efficiency is improved, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing a structure of a conventional pipe winding apparatus when a stainless steel pipe is processed.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the present invention when one side of a bending moment coiled sheet is curved.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the roll bending moment plate of the present invention at the middle straight portion.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a positioning structure of the rectangular plate and the stop lever.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a configuration of the pressing device.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing a connection structure of the bar and the moving frame.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the connection of the drive cylinder and the holding pressure cylinder.
In the figure: 1. the device comprises a lower pressing roller 2, an upper pressing roller 3, a rectangular plate 31, a cylindrical material 4, a pressing rod 5, a lower roller 6, an upper roller 7, a moving frame 71, a stop rod 711, a stop surface 72, a sliding groove 73, a driving oil cylinder 74, a positioning rod 81, a main pipeline 82, a secondary pipeline 83, a one-way valve 84, a pressure maintaining oil cylinder 85, a pressure maintaining counterweight 91, an extrusion roller 92 and a receiving roller.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 2, a forming device for a large-caliber stainless steel pipe is suitable for processing a stainless steel rectangular plate 3 into a large-caliber stainless steel pipe with a pipe diameter of D and a pipe length of L, wherein the width of the rectangular plate is the perimeter (pi D) of the stainless steel pipe, and the length of the rectangular plate is equal to the pipe length L of the stainless steel pipe. The device comprises an upper pressing piece arranged at the lower end of a pressing rod 4, a lower pressing piece arranged on a rack and an extruding device used for extruding a stainless steel cylindrical material 31 with an opening into a closed opening, wherein a side positioning structure capable of driving the rectangular plate to move left and right transversely and positioning is arranged on the rack, the side positioning structure can enable the central line of the rectangular plate to form the maximum eccentricity a with the longitudinal direction of the rack in the horizontal direction, and the a is more than or equal to 0.3 pi D and less than or equal to 0.4 pi D.
When the stainless steel pipe needs to be manufactured, the stainless steel plate can be firstly disassembled and cut into the required rectangular plate, then the rectangular plate is horizontally placed on the lower pressing piece, the pressing machine drives the upper pressing piece to move downwards through the pressing rod to press the rectangular plate, so that the rectangular plate is rolled into a cylindrical material with an opening, then the cylindrical material is pressed through the pressing device, the opening is closed to form a splicing seam, the splicing seam is conveniently welded to form a tubular semi-finished product, and then the semi-finished product is subjected to rounding, straightening and the like to form the stainless steel pipe. Of course, the finished stainless steel tube needs to be tested by corresponding pressure tests and the like. Since the above steps and methods are prior art, they will not be described in detail herein.
Compared with the prior art, the rack is provided with the side positioning structure which can drive the rectangular plate to move horizontally and be positioned. Therefore, when a rectangular plate is horizontally placed on the eccentric lower pressing piece, the lower pressing piece and the rack can longitudinally form an eccentric distance a through the side positioning structure, and the upper pressing piece can firstly extrude and pre-bend one side of the rectangular plate, so that one side of the rectangular plate is bent. In the same way, the other side of the rectangular plate can be subjected to extrusion pre-bending, so that the other side of the rectangular plate is bent, the rectangular plate forms a U shape consisting of the bent parts at two sides and the middle straight part, and then the middle straight part of the rectangular plate is subjected to extrusion bending, so that the cylindrical plate with the opening is formed. It can be understood that, when the rectangular plate is processed by pre-bending, the central angle of the bent two sides of the rectangular plate is smaller, so that the rectangular plate does not interfere with the pressing rod of the upper pressing piece. That is, the center of the pressing rod and the center of the upper pressing member may be located in the same vertical plane, thereby preventing the pressing rod or the upper pressing member from being subjected to an eccentric moment during pressing.
In particular, the eccentricity a is controlled in the following range: a is more than or equal to 0.4 pi D and less than or equal to 0.5 pi D, so that the rectangular plate can be extruded and pre-bent from the edge of the outermost side, the flat part which is not extruded and bent is prevented from being left at the edge of the rectangular plate, and the phenomenon of 'air compression' of the upper pressing piece caused by overlarge eccentric distance is prevented.
As a preferred scheme, the lower pressing piece comprises a left lower roller group and a right lower roller group which are symmetrically arranged, the lower roller groups comprise a plurality of lower rollers 5 which are longitudinally arranged at intervals, the upper pressing piece comprises an upper roller 6 which is arranged at the lower end of the pressing rod and is positioned in the middle of the left lower roller group and the right lower roller group, the axes of the upper roller and the lower roller are vertical to the longitudinal direction of the rack, the circumferential surface of the upper roller is an outer convex arc-shaped ring surface with the radius equal to R, the circumferential surface of the lower roller is an inner concave arc-shaped ring surface, and the axial cross sections of the circumferential surfaces of the corresponding lower rollers in the left lower roller group and the right lower roller group are positioned in the same circle with the diameter of D. Of course, the circumferential surface of the lower roller wheel can also be an outward convex arc-shaped ring surface.
When the rectangular plate is placed on the lower pressing piece and the upper pressing piece moves downwards to press the rectangular plate, local arc-shaped bending can be formed on the rectangular plate, and when the rectangular plate moves forwards and backwards in the longitudinal direction, a longitudinal arc-shaped bending belt can be formed on the rectangular plate. It should be noted that, a longitudinal driving mechanism in the prior art can be arranged on the frame to move the rectangular plate back and forth in the longitudinal direction, and the upper roller and the lower roller can make the rectangular plate have a smaller rolling friction resistance when moving the rectangular plate back and forth, so that the rectangular plate can be extruded and bent into a cylindrical material 31 with an opening by using one press. That is, the invention can roll and bend the stainless steel plate into the long stainless steel pipe with large caliber by one press, thereby being convenient to process and manufacture by the existing equipment and being beneficial to reducing the manufacturing cost.
In particular, the radius R of the circumferential surface of the upper roller can be controlled in the following range: d/2.2 is more than or equal to R and less than or equal to D/2.1, so that the rectangular plate can be finally rolled into an arc-shaped bend with the radius close to D/2, and meanwhile, the condition that the radius of the arc-shaped bend is too small is avoided, and the smooth of the arc-shaped bend is ensured.
In addition, because the axial cross section of the circumferential surface of the corresponding lower roller in the left and right two rows of lower roller sets is positioned in the same circle with the diameter of D, when the upper roller and the lower roller are used for extruding and bending the rectangular plate, the arc-shaped bending radius formed by the rectangular plate can be ensured to be not less than D/2, namely, the lower roller sets on the left and right sides can effectively support the rectangular plate during bending.
Further, the width S of the upper roller and the width B of the compression bar can form the following relation: s is more than or equal to 1.2B and less than or equal to 1.3B.
It can be understood that when the rectangular plate material is bent into the tubular material, the opening width of the tubular material is slightly larger than the width B of the pressing rod because the tubular material has a certain elastic deformation. The invention makes the width of the middle straight part of the rectangular plate approximately equal to the width B of the compression bar, and makes the width S of the upper roller slightly larger than the width B of the compression bar. Like this, after the both sides of rectangle panel rolled up earlier and curved into the arc bending, go up the running roller and can once only extrude the bending to the straight partial center of rectangle panel, make the straight partial formation in the middle of the rectangle panel and the curved part of both sides have the arc bending of the same radius then, that is to say, when the straight partial time of our extrusion bending centre, the curved part of both sides can upwards perk simultaneously, both can ensure that rectangle panel forms continuous, smooth cylindric material, can avoid the curved part of both sides and depression bar to take place to interfere again.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 4, the side positioning structure comprises a moving frame 7 transversely movably disposed on the frame, and a power unit for driving the moving frame to move left and right, wherein a plurality of stop bars 71 extending upwards are correspondingly disposed at two sides of the moving frame, the stop bars at two sides are oppositely disposed, the distance between the lower ends of the stop bars is adapted to the width (pi D) of the rectangular plate, the opposite inner sides of the stop bars are arcuately bent inwards from the lower end connected with the moving frame to the upper end, so as to form a stop surface 711 with a central angle θ, and
the radius of the stop surface is: a + π D/2.
When a rectangular plate is placed on the lower pressing piece, the rectangular plate is supported on the lower roller sets which are symmetrically arranged in the left row and the right row, and the two sides of the rectangular plate abut against the stop levers on the corresponding side, so that the rectangular plate is positioned in the transverse direction. When the rectangular plate needs to be transversely moved so as to be eccentrically positioned on the rack, the rectangular plate can be conveniently and transversely eccentrically arranged only by driving the eccentric distance required by transverse movement of the lower pressing piece through the power unit.
In particular, when the outermost side of the rectangular plate is extruded and bent to form a first arc-shaped bending strip, the edge of the other side of the rectangular plate is tilted upwards, and the side edge forms an arc-shaped track in the air. As can be seen from the calculation, the central angle corresponding to the arc-shaped track is approximately equal to
Accordingly, the arc trajectory corresponds to a radius approximately equal to a + π D/2. Therefore, the inner side of the stop lever is provided with the arc-shaped bent stop surface with the central angle equal to theta and the radius of a + pi D/2, so that the edge of the rectangular plate can be always limited by the stop lever when being tilted upwards, and the rectangular plate is ensured to have stable eccentric distance.
It can be understood that when one side of the rectangular plate is extruded and bent to form the second arc-shaped bending belt, the radius corresponding to the arc-shaped track formed by the edge of the other side is smaller than a + pi D/2, and the stop lever is driven by the power unit to move transversely, so that the edge of the rectangular plate is always positioned by abutting against the stop surface of the stop lever on one side.
Since the distance between the upper ends of the two stop surfaces is smaller than the width of the rectangular plate, the rectangular plate can obliquely enter the gap between the upper ends of the two stop surfaces and is placed on the lower pressing piece.
It should be noted that the longitudinal driving mechanism and the power unit may be an oil cylinder, a motor, a gear and a rack, and other existing mechanisms, and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.
As another preferable scheme, as shown in fig. 5, the extrusion device includes extrusion roller sets located at both sides of the frame, each extrusion roller set includes a plurality of extrusion roller wheels 91 uniformly distributed along the longitudinal direction, the axes of the extrusion roller wheels are vertically arranged, the circumferential surface of the extrusion roller wheels is an inward concave arc ring surface with the radius equal to D/2, and the distance between the first extrusion roller wheel and the last extrusion roller wheel of the two extrusion roller sets gradually decreases from (D + B/pi) to D.
According to the foregoing, the diameter of the cylindrical material with the opening is slightly larger than the pipe diameter D, and when we place the cylindrical material between the extrusion roller sets at both sides of the frame, the corresponding extrusion roller sets in the extrusion roller sets at both sides rotate relatively to extrude the outer side of the cylindrical material, so that the diameter of the cylindrical material is reduced, and the opening is closed, thereby facilitating the welding of the opening.
Particularly, the distance between the first extrusion roller and the last extrusion roller of the two-side extrusion roller set is gradually reduced from (D + B/pi) to D, namely, the distance between the last extrusion roller is just equal to the pipe diameter D, and the distance between the first extrusion rollers is greater than the pipe diameter D + B/pi, so that the cylindrical material can be conveniently fed into the gap between the first pair of extrusion rollers, and when the extrusion rollers rotate relatively, on one hand, the cylindrical material can be extruded and reduced in diameter, and on the other hand, the cylindrical material can be driven to move forwards. When the cylindrical material is extruded and reduced in diameter by the last pair of extrusion rollers, the cylindrical material with the diameter D can be formed, and the opening of the cylindrical material can be welded at the moment. That is, the cylindrical material may be welded while being pressed to reduce the diameter.
Of course, a receiving roller set for receiving the cylindrical material may be disposed between the left and right squeezing roller sets on the frame, and the receiving roller set includes a plurality of receiving rollers 92 which are uniformly distributed along the longitudinal direction and have horizontal axes.
It will be appreciated that when the rectangular sheet is formed into an arcuate bend, the distance between the two side edges will be less than the original width π D.
Further, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the moving frame is provided with a transverse sliding groove 72 and a driving oil cylinder 73, the lower end of the stop lever is slidably connected in the corresponding sliding groove, a piston rod of the driving oil cylinder is connected with the stop lever, the moving frame is further provided with a plurality of electromagnets with positioning rods, which are located beside the sliding groove, and the electromagnets are arranged at intervals in the length direction of the sliding groove.
When the stop lever needs to be transversely positioned, the corresponding positioning rod can be driven by the electromagnet to move into the sliding groove, so that the stop lever is positioned at a proper position, and when the stop levers on the two sides are positioned at the maximum distance, the distance between the lower ends of the stop levers on the two sides is pi D. At the moment, when the stop lever moves to any side, the rectangular plate can be driven to eccentrically move and be positioned. When the left side of the rectangular plate is curved in an arc shape, the stop lever on the right side can continuously push the right side of the rectangular plate to move eccentrically leftwards, at the moment, the corresponding electromagnet on the left side acts to drive the positioning rod to transversely stop in the sliding groove, and then the stop lever moving eccentrically on the left side is positioned. When the right side of the rectangular plate is formed into an arc-shaped bend, the positioning principle is the same, and the description is omitted.
It should be noted that the driving cylinders on both sides can control the movement thereof through the existing electromagnetic directional valve, so as to conveniently control the moving direction of the stop levers on both sides. Of course, the electromagnet and the movable frame can also form sliding connection in the direction consistent with the direction of the sliding groove and be fixedly connected with the movable frame through a fastening screw. Therefore, the moving amount of the stop lever can be determined according to the pipe diameter of the stainless steel pipe to be processed, the radius of the arc-shaped bend and the like, and the position of the electromagnet on the moving frame can be adjusted.
Furthermore, the driving oil cylinder comprises a cylinder body, a piston and a piston rod connected with the stop lever, a working cavity on one side of the piston is connected with a main pipeline 81 and a secondary pipeline 82, the main pipeline is connected with hydraulic oil through a one-way valve 83, the secondary pipeline is connected with the working cavity on the lower side of a pressure maintaining oil cylinder 84 which is vertically arranged, and a pressure maintaining counterweight 85 is arranged on the piston rod which extends upwards from the pressure maintaining oil cylinder.
When the rectangular plate needs to be deviated to the left side, the high-pressure hydraulic oil is input into the working cavity through the main pipeline of the driving oil cylinder on the right side, and the piston rod of the driving oil cylinder can drive the stop lever to move. At the moment, the main pipeline of the left driving oil cylinder is in a cut-off state, and hydraulic oil in the working cavity of the left driving oil cylinder cannot flow back due to the obstruction of the one-way valve, so that the hydraulic oil in the working cavity of the left driving oil cylinder enters the working cavity of the pressure maintaining oil cylinder through the secondary pipeline, and then a piston rod of the pressure maintaining oil cylinder drives the pressure maintaining counterweight to move upwards.
When we need to make the rectangular plate shift to the right, the working principle is similar to the previous one, and the detailed description is omitted.
That is, when the stop lever drives the rectangular plate to shift to one side, one of the driving cylinders is a main cylinder which provides a driving force, and accordingly, the stop lever thereof is a lateral shift positioning reference of the rectangular plate, and the other driving cylinder is a sub cylinder which provides a clamping force, so that the rectangular plate is reliably positioned between the two stop levers.
In addition, a limiting mechanism for limiting the upward moving limit of the piston rod can be arranged on the cylinder body of the pressure maintaining oil cylinder. Therefore, when high-pressure hydraulic oil is input into the working cavity of one of the driving oil cylinders, the hydraulic oil can enter the working cavity of the pressure maintaining oil cylinder through the secondary pipeline until the limiting mechanism enables the piston rod of the pressure maintaining oil cylinder to be positioned at the upward moving limit position, and at the moment, the high-pressure hydraulic oil does not continuously enter the working cavity of the pressure maintaining oil cylinder, so that the stop lever is driven to transversely move. And the main pipeline of the other driving oil cylinder is in a cut-off state at the moment, so that the redundant hydraulic oil in the working cavity of the other driving oil cylinder can enter the corresponding pressure maintaining oil cylinder through the secondary pipeline.
Claims (5)
1. A forming device of a large-caliber stainless steel pipe is suitable for processing a stainless steel rectangular plate into the large-caliber stainless steel pipe with the pipe diameter of D, and comprises an upper pressing piece arranged at the lower end of a pressing rod, a lower pressing piece arranged on a rack and an extruding device used for extruding the stainless steel cylindrical plate with an opening into a closed opening, and is characterized in that the rack is provided with a side positioning structure capable of driving the rectangular plate to transversely move left and right and positioning, the side positioning structure can enable the central line of the rectangular plate to form an eccentric distance a with the longitudinal direction of the rack in the horizontal direction, and the a is more than or equal to 0.3 pi D and less than or equal to 0.4 pi D, the lower pressing piece comprises a left row and a right row of symmetrically arranged lower roller sets, the lower roller sets comprise a plurality of lower rollers arranged along the longitudinal direction, the upper pressing piece comprises an upper roller arranged at the lower end of the pressing rod and positioned between the left row and the right row of lower roller sets, the width of the upper roller is S, the axes of the upper roller and the lower roller are vertical to the longitudinal direction of the rack, the circumferential surface of the lower roller is a concave arc-shaped ring surface with a large outer end and a small inner end, the axial cross section of the circumferential surface of the lower roller in the left and right lower roller sets is positioned in the same circle with the diameter of D, the rack is provided with a longitudinal driving mechanism for driving the rectangular plate to longitudinally move, when the rectangular plate is horizontally placed on an eccentric lower pressing piece, the lower pressing piece and the rack can longitudinally form an eccentric distance a through a side positioning structure, at the moment, the upper pressing piece can firstly extrude and pre-bend one side of the rectangular plate, so that one side of the rectangular plate is bent, and similarly, the other side of the rectangular plate can be extruded and pre-bent, at the moment, the rectangular plate forms bending parts at two sides and the middle partThe straight portion constitute "U" shape, then extrude the bending to the straight portion in the middle of the rectangle panel again to form and have open-ended cylindric material, side location structure includes but transversely movable sets up moving frame on the frame, be used for driving moving frame and remove the power pack who moves about, moving frame's both sides are equipped with the pin that upwards extends correspondingly, and the distance between the pin lower extreme is pi D, and the inboard relative of pin is from the lower extreme that is connected with moving frame to the inside arc bending of upper end to form the backstop face that the central angle is theta, and
the radius of the stop surface is: a + pi D/2 is equipped with horizontal sliding tray and actuating cylinder on the moving frame, and pin lower extreme sliding connection is in the sliding tray, and actuating cylinder's piston rod is connected with the pin, still is equipped with a plurality of electro-magnets that have the locating lever that are located the sliding tray side on the moving frame, and the electro-magnet is at the length direction interval arrangement of sliding tray, actuating cylinder includes cylinder body, piston, the piston rod of being connected with the pin, and main line and secondary pipeline are connected to the working chamber that is located piston one side, and the main line is connected with hydraulic oil through the check valve, and the secondary pipeline is connected with the working chamber of the pressurize hydro-cylinder downside of a vertical setting, is equipped with the pressurize counter weight on the piston rod that the pressurize hydro-cylinder upwards stretches out.
2. The forming device of a large-caliber stainless steel pipe as claimed in claim 1, wherein the circumferential surface of the upper roller is an outward convex arc-shaped ring surface with the radius equal to R, and D/2.2 is more than or equal to R and is less than or equal to D/2.1.
3. The forming device of a large-caliber stainless steel pipe as claimed in claim 2, wherein the width of the compression bar is B, and S is greater than or equal to 1.2B and less than or equal to 1.3B.
4. The forming apparatus of a large-caliber stainless steel pipe as claimed in claim 3, wherein the extruding means comprises a plurality of extruding roller sets disposed at both sides of the frame, each extruding roller set comprises a plurality of extruding rollers uniformly distributed along the longitudinal direction, the circumferential surface of the extruding roller set is an inward concave arc ring surface with a radius equal to D/2, and the distance between the first extruding roller and the last extruding roller of the extruding roller sets at both sides is gradually reduced from (D + B/pi) to D.
5. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spacing between the lower ends of the two side bars is pi D when the positioning bars are positioned at the maximum spacing by moving the positioning bars into the sliding grooves by the electromagnet.
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| CN202111602062.6A CN114570784B (en) | 2021-12-24 | 2021-12-24 | Forming device of large-diameter stainless steel pipe |
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| CN114570784A (en) | 2022-06-03 |
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Denomination of invention: A large diameter stainless steel pipe forming device Effective date of registration: 20230206 Granted publication date: 20221206 Pledgee: Ping An Bank Ltd Wenzhou branch Pledgor: GANYEAH HOLDING GROUP CO.,LTD. Registration number: Y2023330000298 |