CN109115982B - Three-dimensional solid-liquid coupling analog simulation coal seam excavation device and method - Google Patents
Three-dimensional solid-liquid coupling analog simulation coal seam excavation device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a three-dimensional solid-liquid coupling analog simulation coal seam excavation device and a three-dimensional solid-liquid coupling analog simulation coal seam excavation method, belongs to the technical field of solid-liquid coupling analog simulation, and solves the technical problems of inaccurate and incomplete coal seam excavation, complex operation or large volume and high cost of a simulation device in the conventional simulated coal seam excavation method. Comprises a box body, a water bag and a water guide hose; the interior of the box body is divided into an upper stratum, a simulated coal bed and a lower stratum from top to bottom; similar materials are laid on the upper stratum and the lower stratum and used for simulating an actual stratum; at least one water bag is uniformly laid on the simulated coal seam, the water outlet of the water bag is connected with one end of the water guide hose, and the other end of the water guide hose penetrates out of the box body. The simulation device and the method can simulate the coal seam excavation process conveniently, safely, economically and reasonably, and can ensure the accuracy and reliability of the experimental result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solid-liquid coupling analog simulation experiments, in particular to a three-dimensional solid-liquid coupling analog simulation coal seam excavation device and method.
Background
The three-dimensional solid-liquid coupling analog simulation experiment is that analog materials are paved in an experiment box body according to a proportion, and an actual stratum structure is subjected to analog simulation, so that the obtained result has research value.
In a coal seam excavation experiment of three-dimensional solid-liquid coupling analog simulation, coal seam excavation is the key of the whole experiment. In the existing method, a coal seam is excavated manually by a device, but the method has the problems of inaccurate and incomplete coal seam excavation and complex operation.
In another method for excavating a coal seam, a hydraulic device is used to simulate the excavation of the coal seam and is placed in a three-dimensional model. When a coal seam is simulated, boosting the pressure of the hydraulic device; when the simulated coal seam is excavated, the hydraulic device is gradually released. However, the method for simulating coal seam excavation has the problems of complex device and operation, large volume, high cost and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above analysis, the invention aims to provide a three-dimensional solid-liquid coupling analog simulation coal seam excavation device and method, so as to solve the problems of inaccurate and incomplete coal seam excavation, complex operation, large volume of a simulation device and high cost in the existing simulation coal seam excavation method.
The purpose of the invention is mainly realized by the following technical scheme:
on one hand, the three-dimensional solid-liquid coupling analog simulation coal seam excavation device comprises a box body (1), a water bag (2) and a water guide hose (3); the interior of the box body is divided into an upper stratum (101), a simulated coal seam (102) and a lower stratum (103) from top to bottom; similar materials are laid on the upper stratum (101) and the lower stratum (103) and used for simulating an actual stratum; at least one water bag (2) is uniformly laid on the simulated coal seam (102), a water outlet of the water bag (2) is connected with one end of the water guide hose (3), and the other end of the water guide hose (3) penetrates out of the box body (1).
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the device is through using special quality water bag emulation coal seam excavation process, easy operation, convenient safety, economy are reasonable, can guarantee again that the experimental result is accurate reliable.
On the basis of the scheme, the invention is further improved as follows:
further, the other end of the water guide hose (3) is connected with a connecting pipe (4), and a monitoring device (5) is installed on the connecting pipe (4); the monitoring device (5) is used for monitoring the water flow speed.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the flow rate of the water flow flowing out of the water bag is observed in real time through monitoring equipment, so that simulated coal seam excavation speed information is obtained in real time; meanwhile, the monitoring equipment is arranged outside the experiment box body, so that experimenters can conveniently check.
Furthermore, a flow control switch (6) is also arranged on the connecting pipe and used for controlling the water flow speed.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the water flow speed is adjusted through the flow control switch, so that different coal seam excavation speeds are simulated, the operation is convenient and fast, the controllability is strong, and the test accuracy is improved; and meanwhile, the flow control switch is arranged outside the experiment box body, so that the installation and the control are convenient.
Furthermore, the water bags (2), the monitoring equipment (5) and the flow control switches (6) are the same in number.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: according to the coal seam excavation sequence to be simulated, the water flow speeds of different water bags are observed and controlled through monitoring equipment and a flow control switch, and simulation is carried out.
Furthermore, the water bags (2) are of a cuboid structure, the specifications of the water bags (2) are determined by the length of an actual coal face, the monthly circulation footage and the thickness of a coal seam according to similar proportions, and the number of the water bags (2) is determined by the advancing length of the actual coal face and the monthly circulation footage.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the water bag adopts the cuboid structure can practice thrift the space, makes things convenient for the water bag to pave the simulation coal seam fully.
Further, the box body (1) comprises a front panel, a rear panel, a left panel and a right panel, wherein at least one of the front panel, the rear panel, the left panel and the right panel is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the experimenter can observe and record the experimental process and phenomena of the box body class through the observation of the glass fiber reinforced plastic plate.
Further, the box body (1) further comprises a bottom panel, each panel forms a cuboid, and joints of the panels are sealed through sealing strips.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: can install the box of different proportions according to the experiment demand, simple easy operation realizes cyclic utilization, ensures the box through the sealing strip simultaneously and seals.
Furthermore, a flow sensor is arranged in the monitoring equipment (5), the flow velocity of the liquid is obtained in real time, and the flow velocity data is transmitted to an external data receiver.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the flow velocity information can be conveniently and accurately obtained by the tester in real time, the error interference caused by manually checking the flow timing is avoided, and the test precision is improved.
Furthermore, simulation coal pillars (104) are arranged around the interior of the box body and used for simulating coal pillars which are retained in the actual coal mining process and have a protection effect.
On the other hand, the coal seam excavation method based on three-dimensional solid-liquid coupling analog simulation is provided, and comprises the following steps:
step S1, installing the box body (1) according to a similar proportion; similar material simulation coal pillars (104) are uniformly paved on the periphery in the box body (1);
s2, selecting similar materials to lay a lower stratum (103), and keeping the laid stratum straight;
s3, uniformly paving the water bags (2) filled with water above the lower stratum (103) for simulating the coal seam (102), and enabling the water guide hoses (3) to penetrate through the holes in the box body (1);
step S4, connecting one end of the water guide hose (3) penetrating out of the box body to the connecting pipe (4); connecting the connecting pipe (4), the monitoring equipment (5) and the flow control switch (6) well, and keeping the flow control switch (6) closed;
s5, paving similar materials above the water bag (2) according to a similar principle, and simulating an upper stratum (101);
and step S6, according to the coal seam excavation sequence, the flow control switch (6) is used for discharging water in the water bag (2) in sequence, the monitoring equipment (5) is observed, and the flow control switch (6) is used for controlling the flow so as to simulate different coal seam excavation speeds.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the method simulates the coal seam excavation process by using the special water bag, is simple, convenient, safe, economic and reasonable to operate, and can ensure the accuracy and reliability of the experimental result.
In the invention, the technical schemes can be combined with each other to realize more preferable combination schemes. Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, wherein like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout.
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a three-dimensional solid-liquid coupling analog simulation coal seam excavation device in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a three-dimensional solid-liquid coupling analog simulation coal seam excavation device according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged view of a front view of a three-dimensional solid-liquid coupling analog simulation coal seam excavation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a left side view of a three-dimensional solid-liquid coupling analog simulation coal seam excavation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a partial enlarged view of a left side view of the three-dimensional solid-liquid coupling analog simulation coal seam excavation device according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a top view of a coal seam excavation device for three-dimensional solid-liquid coupling simulation in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged top view of a coal seam excavation device for three-dimensional solid-liquid coupling simulation in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing a connection relationship between a water bag, a monitoring device and a flow control switch in the coal seam excavation apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a flowchart of a coal seam excavation method by three-dimensional solid-liquid coupling similarity simulation in the embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1-box body, 101-upper stratum, 102-simulated coal seam, 103-lower stratum, 104-simulated coal pillar, 2-water bag, 3-water guide hose, 4-connecting pipe, 5-monitoring equipment and 6-flow control switch.
Detailed Description
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention.
During implementation, the box body is paved by using similar materials and the water bag filled with water, the actual coal bed and the actual stratum are simulated, the water in the water bag is discharged in sequence through the water guide hose, and the excavation sequence and speed of different coal beds are simulated.
Compared with the prior art, the coal seam excavation device of three-dimensional solid-liquid coupling analog simulation that this embodiment provided is through using special quality water bag emulation coal seam excavation process, easy operation, convenient safety, economy are reasonable, can guarantee again that the experimental result is accurate reliable.
In order to better monitor and control the water flow speed and improve the test precision, the device also comprises a connecting pipe 4, a monitoring device 5, a flow control switch 6 (preferably, a valve); the monitoring equipment and the flow control switch are both arranged on the connecting pipe, and the water guide hose is connected with the connecting pipe. The valve is a control part in the liquid conveying system, has the functions of stopping, adjusting, guiding, preventing backflow and the like, is arranged outside the test box body, and is used for realizing the accurate adjustment of the liquid flow rate and improving the test accuracy; and a flow rate regulator can be used for replacing a valve, and the same effect can be achieved.
It should be noted that the monitoring device is arranged outside the box body, so that the experimental operation and control are facilitated. Preferably, it can be a liquid flow meter; the liquid flowmeter is an instrument for displaying the flow rate of liquid in real time and is divided into an instrument panel and a pipeline connecting part; monitoring facilities can also select for use the flowmeter of built-in sensor element, installs on the liquid pipeline, through data receiver real-time reception demonstration liquid velocity of flow data, makes things convenient for the real-time accurate acquisition velocity of flow information of experimenter, has avoided looking over the human error interference that monitoring facilities brought, has improved experimental precision and operation convenience.
The box includes: the device comprises a bottom panel, a front panel, a rear panel, a left panel and a right panel; each panel detachably encloses into a cuboid structure, and each panel junction seals through the sealing strip or spout gluey.
In order to simulate the surrounding environment of the actual coal seam more truly, a simulation coal pillar 104 with a certain thickness (preferably, the thickness is 100mm) can be laid in the box body and is tightly attached to each side panel, and the simulation coal pillar is used for simulating the coal pillar which is retained in the actual coal mining process and has a protection effect.
The box can be according to the needs installation top panel of specific experiment or installation hydraulic means, and in the experimentation, hydraulic means can exert pressure to the water bag for the abundant even outflow of water in the water bag.
It is emphasized that, in order to facilitate observation of the water flow discharged from the water bag and the water flow transferred to the simulated stratum during the experiment, at least one of the front panel, the rear panel, the left panel and the right panel is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic; experimenters can observe and record the experimental process and the phenomenon in the box body through the glass fiber reinforced plastic plate. And the rest panels are made of steel plates, so that the pressure resistance of the device is improved.
During specific experiments, the specification of the experimental box body can be selected according to similar proportions and installed, preferably, the internal length of the box body is 1800mm, and the internal width of the box body is 1000 mm.
The specification of the water bag (the length is ×, the width is ×, the width is determined by the length of an actual coal face, the monthly circulation footage and the thickness of a coal bed according to a similar proportion (the similar proportion is an experimental proportion for simulating a stratum structure), and the quantity of the water bag is determined by the propelling length of the actual coal face and the monthly circulation footage.
Considering the connection problem of the connecting pipe outside the box body and the water guide hose inside the box body, a plurality of holes are uniformly formed in the side panel (preferably, the front panel) of the box body, so that the water guide hose is connected with the connecting pipe through the holes. Preferably, a row of holes arranged at equal intervals can be arranged outside the water containing area of the side panel, and the number of the holes is the same as that of the water bags.
In order to meet the requirements of different simulation experiments, the water flow speeds of different water bags are observed and controlled through monitoring equipment and a flow control switch. The water bags, the monitoring equipment and the flow control switches are the same in number, so that the control on different water bags is realized in sequence.
step S1, mounting the box body 1 according to a similar proportion; similar material simulation coal pillars 104 are uniformly paved on the periphery inside the box body;
s2, selecting similar materials to lay the lower stratum 103, and keeping the laid stratum straight;
step S3, uniformly paving water bags filled with water above the lower stratum 103 for simulating the coal seam 102 and enabling the water guide hose to penetrate through the hole in the box body;
step S4, connecting one end of the water guide hose penetrating out of the box body to a connecting pipe; connecting the connecting pipe 4, the monitoring device 5 and the flow control switch 6, and keeping the flow control switch closed;
s5, paving similar materials above the water bag according to a similar principle, and simulating the upper stratum 101;
and step S6, sequentially discharging water in the water bags by using the flow control switches according to the coal seam excavation sequence, observing the monitoring equipment, and controlling the flow by using the flow control switches so as to simulate different coal seam excavation speeds.
Compared with the prior art, the coal seam excavation method based on the three-dimensional solid-liquid coupling analog simulation provided by the embodiment; the simulation of coal seam excavation is completed by using the special water bag, and the method has the characteristics of simple operation, economy, reasonability and reliable experimental result.
Specifically, in step S1, the experimenter calculates the volume of the box body according to the stratum parameters simulated by actual needs and similar proportions, assembles the box body, selects similar materials to lay around the box body according to a similar principle, simulates a coal pillar, simulates the similar materials of the coal pillar, wherein the aggregate can be barite, quartz sand and mica powder, the cement can be limestone and gypsum, and borax can be used as a coagulant of the similar materials; according to the lithological characteristics, physical properties (including compressive strength, volume weight and the like) and the like of an actual coal seam, mixing the aggregate and the cement according to a certain proportion to simulate a protective coal pillar; preferably, the pillar is 100mm thick.
The principle of the similar material simulation experiment is a test method for carrying out corresponding purpose research by adopting a material with physical and mechanical properties similar to those of a natural stratum and contracting the material into a test model according to a certain geometric similarity constant. The similar material comprises two parts of aggregate and cementing agent, wherein the aggregate: sand, iron powder, barite powder, aluminum powder, mica powder and the like. Cementing material: cement, gypsum, lime, calcium carbonate (chalk, silver), kaolin, paraffin, water glass, and the like. In the same similar simulation experiment, selected aggregate and cement can be adopted for simulation, and simulation is carried out only by mixing according to a certain proportion according to lithological characteristics, physical properties (including compressive strength, volume weight and the like) and the like of a rock (coal) layer based on the difference between rock layers and between rock layers and coal beds.
In step S2, according to the actual condition of the coal bed lower strata, similar materials are selected to lay the lower strata, the similar materials of the lower strata are simulated, the aggregate can be barite, quartz sand and mica powder, the cementing material can be limestone and gypsum, and borax can be used as a coagulant of the similar materials; according to the lithological characteristics, physical properties (including compressive strength, volume weight and the like) and the like of the stratum below the actual coal seam, the aggregate and the cement are mixed according to a certain proportion to simulate the lower stratum, and the laid stratum is kept straight.
In step S3, water bags filled with water are laid over the lower ground layer along the length direction of the box body, a simulated coal seam is fully laid, the specifications (length × width × height) of the water bags are determined by the length of the actual working face, the monthly circulation footage and the thickness of the coal seam according to similar proportions (the similar proportions are experimental proportions for simulating the ground structure), the number of the water bags is determined by the advancing length of the actual working face and the monthly circulation footage, and water guide hoses penetrate through holes preset in the box body so as to be connected with connecting pipes outside the box body.
In step S4, the connection tube is connected to one end of the water guide hose penetrating out of the box body, and the connection tube, the monitoring device, and the flow control switch are connected, and the flow control switch is in a closed state.
In step S5, similar materials are selected and laid over the upper formation area above the water bag according to the actual formation above the coal seam to be simulated. The simulation material in the upper stratum area can be the same as or different from the lower stratum, and specifically, simulation is performed according to the conditions (lithology characteristics, physical properties and the like) of the upper and lower strata of the actual coal seam, preferably, simulation is performed by selecting similar materials and the same proportion as those of the lower stratum, the upper stratum area is uniformly paved, and the paved stratum is kept straight.
In step S6, the tester discharges water from the corresponding water bags by controlling the flow control switches connected to the different water bags according to the coal seam excavation sequence simulated by actual needs, and at the same time, observes the flow data of the monitoring device, and adjusts the flow control switches to simulate different coal seam excavation speeds.
It is emphasized that the water flow release intervals of different water bags can be simulated according to actual conditions. Meanwhile, the time of all water flowing out of the water bag can be recorded, and conversion is carried out through similar proportions, so that the actual coal seam mining time is simulated.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A three-dimensional solid-liquid coupling analog simulation coal seam excavation simulation device is characterized by comprising a box body (1), a water bag (2) and a water guide hose (3); the interior of the box body is divided into an upper stratum (101), a simulated coal seam (102) and a lower stratum (103) from top to bottom; similar materials are laid on the upper stratum (101) and the lower stratum (103) and used for simulating an actual stratum; at least one water bag (2) is uniformly laid on the simulated coal seam (102), a water outlet of the water bag (2) is connected with one end of the water guide hose (3), and the other end of the water guide hose (3) penetrates out of the box body (1);
the other end of the water guide hose (3) is connected with a connecting pipe (4), and a monitoring device (5) is installed on the connecting pipe (4); the monitoring device (5) is used for monitoring the water flow speed;
the connecting pipe (4) is also provided with a flow control switch (6) for controlling the water flow speed;
the water bags (2), the monitoring equipment (5) and the flow control switch (6) are the same in number;
the water flow speeds of different water bags (2) are observed and controlled through the monitoring equipment (5) and the flow control switch (6), so that the different water bags (2) are sequentially controlled;
the water bags (2) are of a cuboid structure, the specifications of the water bags (2) are determined by the length of an actual coal face, the monthly circulation footage and the thickness of a coal seam according to similar proportions, and the number of the water bags (2) is determined by the advancing length of the actual coal face and the monthly circulation footage;
a flow sensor is arranged in the monitoring equipment (5) to acquire the flow velocity of the liquid in real time and transmit the flow velocity data to an external data receiver;
simulation coal pillars (104) are arranged on the periphery inside the box body and used for simulating coal pillars which are retained in the actual coal mining process and play a role in protection;
the simulated coal pillars (104) are laid by clinging to each side panel of the box body (1).
2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the box body (1) comprises a front panel, a rear panel, a left panel and a right panel, and at least one of the front panel, the rear panel, the left panel and the right panel is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic.
3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the box body (1) further comprises bottom panels, each panel is formed into a cuboid, and the joints of the panels are sealed by sealing strips.
4. A method for excavating a coal seam by utilizing the device of any one of claims 1-3 to carry out three-dimensional solid-liquid coupling analog simulation, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, installing the box body (1) according to a similar proportion; similar material simulation coal pillars (104) are uniformly paved on the periphery in the box body (1);
s2, selecting similar materials to lay a lower stratum (103), and keeping the laid stratum straight;
s3, uniformly paving the water bags (2) filled with water above the lower stratum (103) for simulating the coal seam (102), and enabling the water guide hoses (3) to penetrate through the holes in the box body (1);
step S4, enabling the water guide hose (3) to penetrate out of one end of the box body (1) and be connected to the connecting pipe (4); connecting the connecting pipe (4), the monitoring equipment (5) and the flow control switch (6) well, and keeping the flow control switch (6) closed;
s5, paving similar materials above the water bag (2) according to a similar principle, and simulating an upper stratum (101);
and step S6, according to the coal seam excavation sequence, the flow control switch (6) is used for discharging water in the water bag (2) in sequence, the monitoring equipment (5) is observed, and the flow control switch (6) is used for controlling the flow so as to simulate different coal seam excavation speeds.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810701318.0A CN109115982B (en) | 2018-06-29 | 2018-06-29 | Three-dimensional solid-liquid coupling analog simulation coal seam excavation device and method |
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| CN201810701318.0A CN109115982B (en) | 2018-06-29 | 2018-06-29 | Three-dimensional solid-liquid coupling analog simulation coal seam excavation device and method |
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| CN109115982B true CN109115982B (en) | 2020-07-31 |
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| CN110297070B (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2021-04-20 | 中国矿业大学 | Three-dimensional solid-liquid coupling analog simulation system and method for coal seam excavation |
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| CN111596036A (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2020-08-28 | 煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司 | Experimental simulation device and method for fault activation in coal seam mining |
| CN114764098B (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2024-08-23 | 神华神东煤炭集团有限责任公司 | Simulation excavation device, experimental device and method for simulation experiment |
| CN113029470B (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2023-06-23 | 玉溪大红山矿业有限公司 | Pressurizing device of simulation test platform and application method of pressurizing device |
| CN113790967A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-12-14 | 安徽理工大学 | Intelligent loading multidimensional similar model test device |
| CN114217048B (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2024-05-24 | 国家能源投资集团有限责任公司 | Mining three-dimensional simulation experiment model experiment method |
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