CN109115061A - A kind of initiation control method reducing blasting vibration - Google Patents
A kind of initiation control method reducing blasting vibration Download PDFInfo
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- CN109115061A CN109115061A CN201811017587.1A CN201811017587A CN109115061A CN 109115061 A CN109115061 A CN 109115061A CN 201811017587 A CN201811017587 A CN 201811017587A CN 109115061 A CN109115061 A CN 109115061A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/04—Arrangements for ignition
- F42D1/045—Arrangements for electric ignition
- F42D1/05—Electric circuits for blasting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D5/00—Safety arrangements
- F42D5/04—Rendering explosive charges harmless, e.g. destroying ammunition; Rendering detonation of explosive charges harmless
- F42D5/045—Detonation-wave absorbing or damping means
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of initiation control methods for reducing blasting vibration, comprising steps of the first step, compound series-parallel blasting network is set, using even side network conduction outside hole, 4 sections of detonators are connected between every artillery salvo hole outside hole, be delayed network below of detonating after a certain period of time, and using explosive in the other detonator delayed ignition hole of different high sections in hole, the compound series-parallel blasting network is transmitted to detonation wave in branch using four-way conductor；Second step, compound series-parallel blasting network use deep hole standing shot control method, are rationally delayed the time using electric detonator downloading each in detonation equipment device to hole, make blasthole it is anticipated that sequence is successively detonated.This method can both improve blasting quality, reduce vibration effect of explosion, expand the scale of onepull, it can also be by the reliability at millisecond delay blasting network accelerates blast working progress so as to realize more massive explosion in high-precision Millisecond Nonel Tube Detonator and hole, outside hole.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of initiation control methods for reducing vibration effect of explosion, belong to blasting technique field, especially
The technology of vibration effect of explosion can be effectively reduced.
Background technique
Explosion is while being greatly facilitated productivity dynamics, equally along with vibration air-shock wave etc. caused by explosion
Ill-effect.In the prior art, in order to control blasting vibration effect or dither effect, hole-specifically Millisecond delay blasting technology is in state
It has been generally used in inside and outside surface blasting, which is keen on face-saving other than state in addition to reducing single hop detonation to the greatest extent, also
It is to make each section of seismic signal interfere with each other the purpose for reducing vibration using shorter time delay, but in practical application
In, due to the detonation precision problem of industrial detonator, in order to avoid making each section of blasting vibration superposition cause to vibrate because detonator jumps section
The phenomenon that effect increases, often increases time delay, to be unfavorable for the further shortening of millisecond time-delay.
It is frequently necessary to carry out deep hole blasting under complicated ambient enviroment in addition, the rock pit of infrastructure project excavates project
Construction, needs to guarantee that the safety of surrounding building, the reliability at prior art propagation of explosion network are lower, it is difficult to undertake this extensive
Blasting engineering, construction speed drags slowly.
Summary of the invention
To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of initiation control sides for reducing blasting vibration
Method can both improve blasting quality, reduce vibration effect of explosion, and expand the scale of onepull, can also be by high-precision
In Millisecond Nonel Tube Detonator and hole, outside hole millisecond delay blasting network reliability, so as to realize more massive explosion,
Accelerate blast working progress, comprising steps of
The first step is arranged compound series-parallel blasting network, is conducted outside hole using even side network, connected outside hole between every artillery salvo hole
4 sections of detonators are connect, be delayed network below of detonating after a certain period of time, fries in hole using in the other detonator delayed ignition hole of different high sections
Medicine, the compound series-parallel blasting network are transmitted to detonation wave in branch using four-way conductor；
Second step, compound series-parallel blasting network use deep hole standing shot control method, using in detonation equipment device to hole
Each electric detonator downloading is rationally delayed the time, makes blasthole it is anticipated that sequence is successively detonated.
Preferably, the electric detonator uses the compound tube of booster detonator and digital electric detonator.
Preferably, in compound series-parallel blasting network blasthole close coefficient be greater than 1, pitch-row be greater than array pitch, and in hole between
Every not powder charge.
Preferably, it is more than the blasthole of 10m for hole depth, is delayed using multistage in hole, controls maximum one section of dose, expanding
Strict control concussion of blasting while blasting scale, it is ensured that Nearby Structure safety is less than hole depth the blasthole of 10m, uses
Continuous charging mode.
Preferably, the structure that the charge constitution that the method uses blocks for increasing bottom hole dose, layered charge, layering.
Preferably, the method also includes: using presplitting control Blasting Control method, the shape between excavation area and reserved area
At a precracking, the precracking is formed on quick-fried area boundary using the pre- ceasma to detonate in advance, obstructs blasting vibration wave direction
Periphery is propagated and diffusion, to play the purpose for reducing blasting vibration.
Preferably, extension time setting are as follows: in hole when continuous charging, delay 5ms between hole, when dividing 2 sections of spaced loading in hole,
Interlayer extension 5ms in hole, be delayed between hole 10ms, point 3 sections of spaced loadings and when hole depth is greater than 15m in hole, interlayer delay in hole
4ms, be delayed between hole 12ms；Be delayed 30-60ms between hole, and every 3 one group of pre- ceasma, be delayed 3ms between adjacent sets, and main blast hole in advance
Detonation is greater than 100ms.
Preferably, the blasthole of the deep hole standing shot uses down-the-hole drill, and aperture is diameter 90mm, drilling depth h root
It is determined according to foundation excavation depth and ultra-deep, the range of h is 4-19m, and drilling onepull reaches design height；Hole pattern design is minimum
Burden W=2.5-3.5m, pitch-row a=2.5-3.0m, array pitch b=2.0-2.5m, 75 ° of dip angle of hole；Stemming length control exists
(0.8-1.2) W or so, using when layered charge, interlayer blocks 1.5-2.0m in hole in hole, aperture blocks 3.5-4.0m.
Preferably, deep hole blasting explosive payload calculation formula under multi-boundary Condition are as follows:
Q=KqHab (1)
In formula, K is that dose increases coefficient, and grid first row in parallel takes 1, and it is unit explosive that each row, which takes 1.1-1.2, q, later
Consumption takes 0.35kg/m3, H is cutting depth, m；A is pitch-row, m；B is array pitch, m.
The initiation control method for the reduction blasting vibration that the present invention uses can both improve blasting quality, reduce explosion vibration
Dynamic effect, expands the scale of onepull, can also by high-precision Millisecond Nonel Tube Detonator and hole, millisecond time-delay outside hole
The reliability of blasting network accelerates blast working progress so as to realize more massive explosion.
According to the following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art will be brighter
The above and other objects, advantages and features of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Some specific embodiments of the present invention is described in detail by way of example and not limitation with reference to the accompanying drawings hereinafter.
Identical appended drawing reference denotes same or similar part or part in attached drawing.It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that these
What attached drawing was not necessarily drawn to scale.Target and feature of the invention will be apparent from view of following description taken together with the accompanying drawings,
In attached drawing:
Attached drawing 1 is the initiation control method flow chart according to the reduction blasting vibration of the embodiment of the present invention；
Attached drawing 2 is the compound series-parallel blasting network structural schematic diagram according to the embodiment of the present invention；
Attached drawing 3 (a) and the vibration wave signal that 3 (b) be respectively blasthole delay 10ms, 15ms according to an embodiment of the present invention
Figure；
Attached drawing 4 (a) and the vibration that 4 (b) be respectively Nonel detonator and electronic detonator blasting according to an embodiment of the present invention
Wave mode schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, reduce the initiation control method of blasting vibration comprising steps of
Compound series-parallel blasting network is arranged in S101, referring to fig. 2, is conducted outside hole using even side network, between every artillery salvo hole
4 sections of detonators are connected outside hole, be delayed network below of detonating after a certain period of time, uses the other detonator delayed ignition of different high sections in hole
Explosive in hole, the compound series-parallel blasting network are transmitted to detonation wave in branch using four-way conductor；
S102, compound series-parallel blasting network use deep hole standing shot control method, using every in detonation equipment device to hole
A electric detonator downloading is rationally delayed the time, makes blasthole it is anticipated that sequence is successively detonated.
Blasting network designed by Fig. 2 guarantees building safety in order to preferably control blasting vibration harm, reduces single hop
Explosion dose achievees the purpose that control blasting vibration harm.Preliminary design conventional blasting method network first, in order to reach each big gun
One sound of hole, and with the requirement of this fairly large dose that can detonate, only detonates and formed using nonel tube blasting network
Blasthole combination of inner and outside delay, can be only achieved effect.Due to not being available instrument and equipment inspection before NONEL demolition network detonation, in order to
Guarantee the accuracy of blasting circuit propagation of explosion, is conducted outside hole using even side network, connect 4 sections of thunders between every artillery salvo hole outside hole
Pipe, be delayed 75ms detonation network below, using explosive in the other detonator delayed ignition hole of different high sections in hole, when each artillery salvo hole is detonated
Between be designed as U.S. overlapping, successively derive each round detonation there is no time-interleaving yet, reached single hole list between each hole
Loud effect, but since the quasi- quick-fried property in network is poor, will appear blind big gun in blast working, when distance detonation station is closer in network
Relay rock detonator interrupts propagation of explosion outside hole, and the subsequent detonator in the same side all miss-fires, and forms a unilateral main network propagation of explosion.Such as
All there is a point and interrupt propagation of explosion in fruit two sides, and subsequent blasthole will form blind big gun, and blast working blind big gun occurs, not only delayed quick-fried
Broken construction, and may change the minimum burden for having loosened the neighbouring blasthole of rock be easy to cause the harm such as slungshot and undesirable
In-place blasting out effect, blasting network also requires further improvement, is perfect thus.Compound network detonation is devised thus, is not used
Relay detonator, but in road detonation wave being transmitted to by four-way conductor, though the external power delay detonator of a side opening miss-fire,
Propagation of explosion is interrupted, detonation wave can also be conducted by four-way conductor from the other side and come, excited in the side propagation of explosion net outside next hair engaging aperture
Delay detonator detonation, to not influence the propagation of explosion of relay delay detonator below.In the present embodiment, electric detonator uses booster detonator
It is substituted with the compound tube of digital electric detonator.Blasthole close coefficient is greater than 1 in compound series-parallel blasting network, and pitch-row is greater than row
Away from, and not powder charge is spaced in hole.It is more than the blasthole of 10m for hole depth, is delayed using multistage in hole, controls maximum one section of medicine
Amount, strict control concussion of blasting while expanding blasting scale, it is ensured that Nearby Structure safety.
The present embodiment uses millisecond delay blasting technology and hole by hole initiation technique, when generating the smallest rock of earthquake sheet
Between with the supplement scope of freedom and using the collision of explosion fragment carry out supplement it is broken required for the rock time be consistent, selectively
The smallest delay time of effect is shaken, will not influence demolition effect.The present embodiment determines that the principle of delay time includes: to play front and back
The seismic wave principal part that quick-fried explosive charge generates is not overlapped；Choose the ground that the explosive charge that the rock time should make front and back detonate generates
Seismic wave interferes with each other；Make to delay the time greater than the time is delayed in row, by under different geological conditions and environment between row in parallel
Test and long-term observation determine.Hole-by-hole initiation by means of electric detonator accurate delay, by detonation equipment to detonator in hole
Downloading is rationally delayed the time, and making blasthole, sequence is successively detonated as expected, adjacent when the selection of the extension interval of adjacent shot hole is reasonable
Mutual downthrust can occur when moving for the rock between blasthole, to guarantee that rock is further crushed.Hole-by-hole initiation makes first quick-fried
Holes is that rear blast hole creates " the moment scope of freedom ", and burst stress wave reflection is more abundant, makes full use of explosive energy to reach
Superposition, explosive consumption is most economical, reasonable, and the concussion of blasting of generation is also minimum.Due to current delaying blasting excitation also
There is no accurate research achievement, also none generally acknowledged theoretical formula or empirical equation, may only pass through the vibration of engineering practice
The variation tendency of blasting vibration under different extensions is analyzed in dynamic monitoring, and then determines oscillation intensity variation.
According to the surrounding enviroment condition of excavation foundation, especially quick-fried area east side considers rock mass engineering project apart from residential block only 15m
Property selects the standing scheme of slabbing cut, and the blasthole of deep hole standing shot uses down-the-hole drill, and aperture is diameter
90mm, drilling depth h determine that the range of h is 4-19m according to foundation excavation depth and ultra-deep, and drilling onepull reaches design
Highly；Hole pattern parameters combination site contour, geological conditions design minimum burden W=2.5-3.5m, pitch-row a=2.5-3.0m,
Array pitch b=2.0-2.5m, 75 ° of dip angle of hole；Stemming length is according to rock property and surrounding enviroment, and control is on the left side (0.8-1.2) W
The right side, using when layered charge, interlayer blocks 1.5-2.0m in hole in hole, aperture blocks 3.5-4.0m, while reinforcing blocking quality.
The embodiment is based on topographic and geologic condition, the accurate millisecond delay blasting design of multistage, the powder charge of use in combined hole
Structure is that appropriateness increases bottom hole dose, layered charge, the structure for being layered blocking, in the premise of strict control blasting vibration and slungshot
Under, improve blasting rock-broken effect.According to conservation of energy principle and rock blasting action characteristic, deep hole blasting is filled under multi-boundary Condition
Formulas For Calculation of Charge Weight are as follows:
Q=KqHab (1)
In formula, K is that dose increases coefficient, and grid first row in parallel takes 1, and it is unit explosive that each row, which takes 1.1-1.2, q, later
Consumption takes 0.35kg/m3, H is cutting depth, m；A is pitch-row, m；B is array pitch, m.
The dose that volleys for needing to control explosion simultaneously, the permission maximum particle of protected object is determined according to ambient environmental conditions
Vibration velocity determines that maximum volleys dose after carrying out inverse.
Preferably, the method also includes: using presplitting control Blasting Control method, the shape between excavation area and reserved area
At a precracking, the precracking is formed on quick-fried area boundary using the pre- ceasma to detonate in advance, obstructs blasting vibration wave direction
Periphery is propagated and diffusion, to play the purpose for reducing blasting vibration.
It is more than the blasthole of 10m for hole depth, is delayed using multistage in hole, control maximum one section of dose, is expanding explosion rule
Strict control concussion of blasting while mould, it is ensured that Nearby Structure safety is less than hole depth the blasthole of 10m, using continuous dress
Prescription formula is less than hole depth the blasthole of 10m, using continuous charging mode.
Blasting Control method is controlled using presplitting, a precracking is formed between excavation area and reserved area, using leading
The pre- ceasma of detonation forms the precracking on quick-fried area boundary, and barrier blasting vibration wave direction periphery is propagated and diffusion, to rise
To the purpose for reducing blasting vibration.In this regard, time setting of delaying are as follows: in hole when continuous charging, delay 5ms between hole, and 2 sections are divided in hole
When spaced loading, interlayer extension 5ms in hole, be delayed between hole 10ms, point 3 sections of spaced loadings and when hole depth is greater than 15m in hole, in hole
Interlayer is delayed 4ms, and be delayed between hole 12ms；Be delayed 30-60ms between hole, and every 3 one group of pre- ceasma, be delayed 3ms between adjacent sets, and mentions
Preceding main blast hole detonation, is greater than 100ms.
Referring to Fig. 3 (a) and 3 (b), 2 separate explosion tests are carried out for test site, 2 delays be respectively 10ms and
15ms, although maximum velocity is very close, but it can be seen that the waveform that delay is 15ms is more steady, Energy distribution is more
Uniformly, test of many times and identical analysis method are passed through behind, determines that explosion grid is every time 41 holes of detonation.
(a) and 4 (b) referring to fig. 4 compares the demolition effect of electric detonator and Nonel detonator, is tested, wherein leading quick-fried
Pipe detonator selects 2 sections and 4 sections, and single totally 5 empty, the hair of electric detonator 24, preceding 11 hole delay is 20ms, and rear 13 hole delay is 26ms,
It is compared using Nonel detonator explosion, electric detonator oscillating curve Energy distribution is relatively uniform, and earth's surface vibration velocity is lower, main frequency of vibration
Intrinsic frequency far from building, two kinds of detonator blasting parameters are as shown in table 1 below.
By following table as can be seen that being necessarily required to the implementation that electric detonator participates in this method.
1 two kinds of detonator blasting parameter comparison data of table
| Project | Nonel detonator | Digital electric detonator |
| Single explosive quantity/kg | 212 | 1030 |
| Single detonation hole count/ | 5 | 23 |
| Single earthwork/m3 | 1000 | 5500 |
| Maximum vibration velocity (cms at building-1) | 2.70 | 0.44 |
| Principal earthquake frequency/Hz | 22.34 | 55.56 |
The initiation control method for the reduction blasting vibration that the present embodiment uses, can both improve blasting quality, reduce explosion
Dither effect expands the scale of onepull, can also be by millisecond prolongs in high-precision Millisecond Nonel Tube Detonator and hole, outside hole
When blasting network reliability accelerate blast working progress so as to realize more massive explosion.
Although the present invention is described by reference to specific illustrative embodiments, these embodiments are not will receive
Restriction and only limited by accessory claim.It should be understood by those skilled in the art that can be without departing from of the invention
Change and modification are able to carry out to the embodiment of the present invention in the case where protection scope and spirit.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of initiation control method for reducing blasting vibration, it is characterised in that comprising steps of
The first step is arranged compound series-parallel blasting network, is conducted outside hole using even side network, connect one between every artillery salvo hole outside hole
A 4 sections of detonators, be delayed network below of detonating after a certain period of time, uses explosive in the other detonator delayed ignition hole of different high sections in hole,
The compound series-parallel blasting network is transmitted to detonation wave in branch using four-way conductor；
Second step, compound series-parallel blasting network use deep hole standing shot control method, using each in detonation equipment device to hole
Electric detonator downloading is rationally delayed the time, makes blasthole it is anticipated that sequence is successively detonated.
2. a kind of initiation control method for reducing blasting vibration according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the electronics thunder
Pipe uses the compound tube of booster detonator and digital electric detonator.
3. a kind of initiation control method for reducing blasting vibration according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: compound series-parallel
Blasthole close coefficient is greater than 1 in blasting network, and pitch-row is greater than array pitch, and not powder charge is spaced in hole.
4. a kind of initiation control method for reducing blasting vibration according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: super for hole depth
The blasthole for crossing 10m is delayed using multistage in hole, controls maximum one section of dose, strict control is quick-fried while expanding blasting scale
Broken vibration, it is ensured that Nearby Structure safety is less than hole depth the blasthole of 10m, using continuous charging mode.
5. a kind of initiation control method for reducing blasting vibration according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the method is adopted
Charge constitution is to increase bottom hole dose, layered charge, the structure for being layered blocking.
6. a kind of initiation control method for reducing blasting vibration according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the method is also
Include: that Blasting Control method is controlled using presplitting, form a precracking between excavation area and reserved area, utilizes leading detonation
Pre- ceasma form the precracking on quick-fried area boundary, barrier blasting vibration wave direction periphery is propagated and diffusion, subtracts to play
The purpose of light shot vibration.
7. a kind of initiation control method for reducing blasting vibration according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the time of delaying sets
Be set to: in hole when continuous charging, delay 5ms between hole, and in hole when point 2 sections of spaced loading, interlayer extension 5ms in hole is delayed between hole
10ms, point 3 sections of spaced loadings and when hole depth is greater than 15m in hole, interlayer is delayed 4ms in hole, and be delayed 12ms between hole；It is delayed between hole
30-60ms, every 3 one group of pre- ceasma, be delayed 3ms between adjacent sets, and main blast hole detonation in advance, is greater than 100ms.
8. a kind of initiation control method for reducing blasting vibration according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the deep hole pine
The blasthole of dynamic explosion uses down-the-hole drill, and aperture is diameter 90mm, and drilling depth h is determined according to foundation excavation depth and ultra-deep, h
Range be 4-19m, drilling onepull reach design height；Hole pattern designs minimum burden W=2.5-3.5m, pitch-row a=
2.5-3.0m, array pitch b=2.0-2.5m, 75 ° of dip angle of hole；Stemming length control is in (0.8-1.2) W or so, using in hole points
When layer powder charge, interlayer blocks 1.5-2.0m in hole, and aperture blocks 3.5-4.0m.
9. a kind of initiation control method for reducing blasting vibration according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: multi-boundary Condition
Lower deep hole blasting explosive payload calculation formula are as follows:
Q=KqHab (1)
In formula, K is that dose increases coefficient, and grid first row in parallel takes 1, and it is unit explosive consumption that each row, which takes 1.1-1.2, q, later
Amount, taking 0.35kg/m3, H is cutting depth, m；A is pitch-row, m；B is array pitch, m.
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Cited By (11)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110657722A (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2020-01-07 | 昆明理工大学 | Hole-by-hole initiation method for complex environment foundation pit excavation |
| CN110779404A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2020-02-11 | 国网辽宁省电力有限公司大连供电公司 | Blasting method for improving vibration frequency of shaft blasting |
| CN110879028A (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2020-03-13 | 伊春鹿鸣矿业有限公司 | Surface mine blasting technical method for preventing frozen layer from being massive |
| CN111256553A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-06-09 | 南阳市神威爆破工程有限公司 | Blasting duplex network connection method |
| CN111256549A (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2020-06-09 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Rock drift deep hole multiple wedge straight hole internal segmentation differential cut blasting method |
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| CN114046700A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-02-15 | 湖南柿竹园有色金属有限责任公司 | Intelligent detonation network system during hole epitaxy and detonation method thereof |
| CN114812309A (en) * | 2022-03-18 | 2022-07-29 | 淄博圣世达爆破工程有限公司 | Pre-splitting blasting engineering method for digital electronic detonator |
| CN114739246A (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2022-07-12 | 北京大成国测科技有限公司 | Blasting method and system for reducing blasting vibration |
| CN114739246B (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2023-08-29 | 北京大成国测科技有限公司 | Blasting method and system for reducing blasting vibration |
| CN114858022B (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2023-03-28 | 江苏长江爆破工程有限公司 | Vibration reduction detonation network and chimney directional blasting demolition method |
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