CN109112583B - pearl nickel electroplating process - Google Patents
pearl nickel electroplating process Download PDFInfo
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- CN109112583B CN109112583B CN201811268826.0A CN201811268826A CN109112583B CN 109112583 B CN109112583 B CN 109112583B CN 201811268826 A CN201811268826 A CN 201811268826A CN 109112583 B CN109112583 B CN 109112583B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/12—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of nickel or cobalt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/10—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals
- C25D5/12—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals at least one layer being of nickel or chromium
- C25D5/14—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals at least one layer being of nickel or chromium two or more layers being of nickel or chromium, e.g. duplex or triplex layers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/34—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
Abstract
the invention belongs to the field of electroplating, and discloses a pearl nickel electroplating process, which comprises the following steps: step 1: adding pure water into the plating cylinder, and heating to 55-60 ℃; step 2: sequentially adding boric acid, nickel sulfate and nickel chloride into the solution obtained in the step 1, and stirring, dispersing and dissolving; and step 3: adding activated carbon powder, stirring, standing, filtering and supplementing pure water; and 4, step 4: adjusting the pH value of the system to 4.1-4.5; and 5: adding a jar opening agent and a main sand agent into the step 4; the cylinder opener is compounded by saccharin sodium, 2-propylene-1-sodium sulfonate and disodium nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether succinate sulfonate; the main sand agent is benzalkonium chloride. It has the advantages of high coating hardness and good pearl effect.
Description
Technical Field
the invention relates to the field of electroplating, in particular to a pearl nickel electroplating process.
background
pearl nickel is also known as sardine nickel, satin nickel, fog nickel, water fog nickel, sand fog nickel, satin nickel and the like. The plating layer is in a milky white, matt, silk-like, dazzling-free, bright and dazzling mirror-like, soft and comfortable, and semi-hazy extinction state. The pearl nickel can be electroplated with various coatings, such as chromium, gold, imitation gold, silver, gun color and the like, to form sand chromium, sand gold, sand yellow, sand silver and sand gray, so that the decorative effect is more beautiful.
The first method to obtain pearl nickel is a composite plating technique, i.e. adding a dispersed phase (solid particles) formed by a metal compound into a nickel plating solution, suspending the dispersed phase in the plating solution, and co-depositing with nickel ions to form an uneven plating layer, i.e. the traditional pearl nickel. One new theory is that one or two nonionic surfactants are added into a sulfate nickel plating solution, and the surfactant consists of three groups, namely a water increasing base carbon chain or base ring (R bond for short), hydrophilic ether bond (one O I) and polyoxyethylene bond (CH2CH2O), and has the common characteristics that: these substances have an abnormal insolubilizing property, their solubility is rather reduced with the increase of temperature, when the temperature of the solution is increased, the ether bond is unhooked and separated out to make the solution turbid, and the critical temperature value when the solution becomes turbid is called cloud point. Small liquid beads are formed after precipitation, when the diameters of the small liquid beads are 5-30 mm, the small liquid beads are in a power-on state, nickel ions are discharged and deposited, and no nickel is deposited on the adsorbed small liquid beads; after the liquid beads are desorbed, tiny pits can be formed on the original adsorption points, and the steps are repeated to form the uneven pearl nickel layer.
at present, most of nickel plating of automobile parts adopts a main sand agent containing a nonionic surfactant to carry out pearl nickel electroplating, and the hardness and the pearl effect of a surface coating are places which are greatly improved by a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
the invention aims to provide a pearl nickel electroplating process and a preparation method thereof, which have the advantages of high coating hardness and good pearl effect.
the specific scheme of the invention is as follows: a pearl nickel electroplating process comprises the following steps:
step 1: adding pure water into the plating cylinder, and heating to 55-60 ℃;
step 2: sequentially adding boric acid, nickel sulfate and nickel chloride into the solution obtained in the step 1, and stirring, dispersing and dissolving;
and step 3: adding activated carbon powder, stirring, standing, filtering and supplementing pure water;
and 4, step 4: adjusting the pH value of the system to 4.1-4.5;
and 5: adding a jar opening agent and a main sand agent into the step 4;
The cylinder opener is compounded by saccharin sodium, 2-propylene-1-sodium sulfonate and disodium nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether succinate sulfonate;
the main sand agent is benzalkonium chloride;
in the steps 1-5, the boric acid is 37-41g, the nickel sulfate is 430-470g, and the nickel chloride is 31-33 g; the active carbon powder is 3-5 g/L; 3-5g/L of saccharin sodium; 0.2-0.4g/L of 2-propylene-1-sodium sulfonate and 2-4g/L of disodium nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether succinate sulfonate; the main sand agent is benzalkonium chloride 0.6-0.8 ml/L; the pure water is added into the system to be 1000L.
In the pearl nickel electroplating process, the cathode current density is 4-5A/dm 2, the anode current density is 1-3A/dm 2, and the electroplating time is 6-7 min.
in the pearl nickel electroplating process, the main sand agent is diluted by 20 times of pure water before being added into the plating cylinder.
In the pearl nickel electroplating process, the anode is a pure nickel plate, and the cathode is a copper sheet.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
According to the invention, saccharin sodium, 2-propylene-1-sodium sulfonate and disodium nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether succinate monoester sulfonate are compounded to serve as a cylinder opener, benzalkonium chloride is used as a main sand agent, and disodium nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether succinate monoester sulfonate is subjected to esterification and sulfonation, so that the sanding effect of the main sand agent can be improved, and the surface pearlescence and the coating strength are improved.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further described with reference to the following examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way, and any limited number of modifications which can be made within the scope of the claims of the invention are still within the scope of the claims of the invention.
Example 1:
a pearl nickel electroplating process comprises the following steps:
step 1: adding pure water into the plating cylinder, and heating to 55-60 ℃;
it should be noted that: the method also comprises the steps of chemical nickel plating, copper preplating, copper plating, acid activation and semi-bright nickel plating before the step 1. The above steps are those commonly used in the art and are not described herein in any greater detail.
Step 2: sequentially adding boric acid, nickel sulfate and nickel chloride into the solution obtained in the step 1, and stirring, dispersing and dissolving;
and step 3: adding activated carbon powder, stirring, standing, filtering and supplementing pure water;
and 4, step 4: adjusting the pH value of the system to 4.1-4.5;
And 5: adding a jar opening agent and a main sand agent into the step 4; the main sand agent is diluted by 20 times of pure water before being added into the plating tank;
The cylinder opener is compounded by saccharin sodium, 2-propylene-1-sodium sulfonate and disodium nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether succinate sulfonate;
The main sand agent is benzalkonium chloride;
Wherein, the boric acid is 37g, the nickel sulfate is 470g, and the nickel chloride is 31 g; 5g/L of activated carbon powder; 3-5g/L of saccharin sodium; 0.2g/L of 2-propylene-1-sodium sulfonate; 2-4g/L of disodium nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether succinate sulfonate; the main sand agent is 0.6 ml/L; the pure water is added into the system to be 1000L.
In the electroplating process, the anode is a pure nickel plate, the cathode is a red copper sheet, the cathode current density is 4A/dm 2, the anode current density is 2A/dm 2, and the electroplating time is 6 min.
example 2
a pearl nickel electroplating process comprises the following steps:
Step 1: adding pure water into the plating cylinder, and heating to 55-60 ℃;
step 2: sequentially adding boric acid, nickel sulfate and nickel chloride into the solution obtained in the step 1, and stirring, dispersing and dissolving;
And step 3: adding activated carbon powder, stirring, standing, filtering and supplementing pure water;
and 4, step 4: adjusting the pH value of the system to 4.1-4.5;
and 5: adding a jar opening agent and a main sand agent into the step 4; the main sand agent is diluted by 20 times of pure water before being added into the plating tank;
the cylinder opener is compounded by saccharin sodium, 2-propylene-1-sodium sulfonate and disodium nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether succinate sulfonate;
The main sand agent is benzalkonium chloride;
Wherein, the boric acid is 41g, the nickel sulfate is 430g, and the nickel chloride is 32 g; the active carbon powder is 4 g/L; 3-5g/L of saccharin sodium; 0.3g/L of 2-propylene-1-sodium sulfonate and 2-4g/L of disodium nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether succinate sulfonate; the main sand agent is 0.8 ml/L; the pure water is added into the system to be 1000L.
in the electroplating process, the anode is a pure nickel plate, the cathode is a red copper sheet, the cathode current density is 5A/dm 2, the anode current density is 2A/dm 2, and the electroplating time is 6 min.
example 3
A pearl nickel electroplating process comprises the following steps:
step 1: adding pure water into the plating cylinder, and heating to 55-60 ℃;
Step 2: sequentially adding boric acid, nickel sulfate and nickel chloride into the solution obtained in the step 1, and stirring, dispersing and dissolving;
and step 3: adding activated carbon powder, stirring, standing, filtering and supplementing pure water;
And 4, step 4: adjusting the pH value of the system to 4.1-4.5;
and 5: adding a jar opening agent and a main sand agent into the step 4; the main sand agent is diluted by 20 times of pure water before being added into the plating tank;
The cylinder opener is compounded by saccharin sodium, 2-propylene-1-sodium sulfonate and disodium nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether succinate sulfonate; the main sand agent is benzalkonium chloride;
wherein, the boric acid is 40g, the nickel sulfate is 450g, and the nickel chloride is 33 g; the active carbon powder is 3 g/L; 3-5g/L of saccharin sodium; 0.2-0.4g/L of 2-propylene-1-sodium sulfonate; 2-4g/L of disodium nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether succinate sulfonate; the main sand agent is 0.7 ml/L; the pure water is added into the system to be 1000L.
in the electroplating process, the anode is a pure nickel plate, the cathode is a red copper sheet, the cathode current density is 4A/dm 2, the anode current density is 3A/dm 2, and the electroplating time is 7 min.
Example 4
A pearl nickel electroplating process comprises the following steps:
step 1: adding pure water into the plating cylinder, and heating to 55-60 ℃;
step 2: sequentially adding boric acid, nickel sulfate and nickel chloride into the solution obtained in the step 1, and stirring, dispersing and dissolving;
and step 3: adding activated carbon powder, stirring, standing, filtering and supplementing pure water;
And 4, step 4: adjusting the pH value of the system to 4.1-4.5;
and 5: adding a jar opening agent and a main sand agent into the step 4; the main sand agent is diluted by 20 times of pure water before being added into the plating tank;
the cylinder opener is compounded by saccharin sodium, 2-propylene-1-sodium sulfonate and disodium nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether succinate sulfonate;
The main sand agent is benzalkonium chloride;
wherein, the boric acid is 38g, the nickel sulfate is 440g, and the nickel chloride is 32 g; 5g/L of activated carbon powder; 3-5g/L of saccharin sodium; 0.4g/L of 2-propylene-1-sodium sulfonate and 2-4g/L of disodium nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether succinate sulfonate; the main sand agent is 0.8 ml/L; the pure water is added into the system to be 1000L.
in the electroplating process, the anode is a pure nickel plate, the cathode is a red copper sheet, the cathode current density is 4A/dm2, the anode current density is 3A/dm 2, and the electroplating time is 7 min.
performance testing
The method of examples 1-3 was applied to the radiator grill plating trim, with the following test criteria:
1. coating thickness: GB/T4955-2005
2. Electrochemical potential difference of nickel: ASTM B764-2009;
3. Micro-crack or micro-pore test: ASTM B604-1997
4. coating bonding strength: Q/JLY J7110039C-2017.
And (3) detection results:
The thickness of the pearl nickel is 1.64 μm, 1.68 μm and 1.69 μm;
The electrochemical potential difference of the nickel (the potential difference mv between the pearl nickel layer and the bright nickel layer) is as follows: 53.2, 54.6, 55.1;
The results of the micro-crack or micro-pore test are 19867pore/cm 2, 20142pore/cm 2, 19754pore/cm 2;
the test result of the bonding strength of the plating layer is as follows: the coating and the material are not stripped and the coating is not dropped.
The main advantage of the invention is that the micropore test result of the pearl nickel layer is far beyond the standard (the standard requirement is 10000pore/cm 2).
the above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The pearl nickel electroplating process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: adding pure water into the plating cylinder, and heating to 55-60 ℃;
Step 2: sequentially adding boric acid, nickel sulfate and nickel chloride into the solution obtained in the step 1, and stirring, dispersing and dissolving;
And step 3: adding activated carbon powder, stirring, standing, filtering and supplementing pure water;
and 4, step 4: adjusting the pH value of the system to 4.1-4.5;
And 5: adding a jar opening agent and a main sand agent into the step 4;
the cylinder opener is compounded by saccharin sodium, 2-propylene-1-sodium sulfonate and disodium nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether succinate sulfonate;
The main sand agent is benzalkonium chloride;
in the steps 1-5, the boric acid is 37-41g, the nickel sulfate is 430-470g, and the nickel chloride is 31-33 g; the active carbon powder is 3-5 g/L; 3-5g/L of saccharin sodium; 0.2-0.4g/L of 2-propylene-1-sodium sulfonate and 2-4g/L of disodium nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether succinate sulfonate; the main sand agent is benzalkonium chloride 0.6-0.8 ml/L; the pure water is added into the system to be 1000L.
2. The pearl nickel electroplating process according to claim 1, characterized in that the cathodic current density is 4-5A/dm 2, the anodic current density is 1-3A/dm 2, and the electroplating time is 6-7 min.
3. The pearl nickel plating process according to claim 2, wherein the main sand agent is diluted with 20 times pure water before being added into the plating tank.
4. The pearl nickel electroplating process according to claim 2, wherein the anode is a pure nickel plate, and the cathode is a copper sheet.
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| CN112609211A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-04-06 | 清远市信和实业有限公司 | Pearl nickel sanding agent composition and pearl nickel electroplating process |
| CN112680754A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-04-20 | 江苏电子信息职业学院 | Plating solution formula and process for continuously electroplating nickel sardine |
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| DE10025552C1 (en) * | 2000-05-19 | 2001-08-02 | Atotech Deutschland Gmbh | Acidic electroplating nickel bath and process for depositing a satin nickel or nickel alloy coating |
| CN1116442C (en) * | 2001-03-02 | 2003-07-30 | 武汉大学 | Additive for electroplating satin face nickel |
| DE10222962A1 (en) * | 2002-05-23 | 2003-12-11 | Atotech Deutschland Gmbh | Acidic galvanic bath electrolyte and process for the electrolytic deposition of satin-shining nickel deposits |
| CN104789997A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2015-07-22 | 南京宁美表面技术有限公司 | Pearl nickel electroplating additive, pearl nickel electroplating solution and electroplating method |
| CN105112971A (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2015-12-02 | 太仓市金鹿电镀有限公司 | Process for electroplating sand nickel on automobile heat-dissipation grating |
| CN105603470A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-05-25 | 奕东电子(常熟)有限公司 | Satin nickel solution and nickel plating process thereof |
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