CN109107752A - A kind of dry processing method of bauxite gangue - Google Patents
A kind of dry processing method of bauxite gangue Download PDFInfo
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- CN109107752A CN109107752A CN201811248980.1A CN201811248980A CN109107752A CN 109107752 A CN109107752 A CN 109107752A CN 201811248980 A CN201811248980 A CN 201811248980A CN 109107752 A CN109107752 A CN 109107752A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B7/00—Combinations of wet processes or apparatus with other processes or apparatus, e.g. for dressing ores or garbage
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of dry processing methods of bauxite gangue, and washup tailings is first sent into the first cyclone group cyclonic separation, obtain the first coarse sand and the first overflow；First coarse sand is sieved, the first screenings and the first oversize are obtained；First screenings and the first overflow are sent into the second cyclone group, cyclonic separation obtains the second overflow and the second coarse sand；First oversize, the second coarse sand are sent into and remove silicon machine, removes silicon, obtains third overflow and third coarse sand；Third coarse sand is sieved, the second screenings and the second oversize are obtained；Dense processing is carried out to third overflow, the second overflow, the second screenings, obtains the 4th overflow and underflow；Flocculant is added into underflow, mixes, filtering obtains filtrate and filter cake.The present invention recycles valuable mineral from washup tailing, improves comprehensive resource utilization rate；Final washup tailing returns to washup and recycles by dehydration, filtrate, and filter cake is backfilled for goaf, to save water resource and land resource.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to mining industry technical fields, are related to a kind of dry processing method of bauxite gangue.
Background technique
Currently, the washup tailings mud of karst cumulate bauxite is essentially all wet process discharge, i.e. washup tailing is through overrich
After close machine sedimentation concentration, the tailings mud of moisture content nearly 70% is discharged into Tailings Dam storage.This tailings glass mode is commonly referred to as " wet
Method " technique (refers to using general sedimentation, concentration technique) that feature is that true tailings moisture content is high, volume of cargo in storage is big, environmentally friendly risk
It is high.The generation of a large amount of tailings muds not only needs the Tailings Dam of enough storage capacity to store；Moreover, there is leakage, dam break risk in Tailings Dam,
Moment is the trouble in mine and periphery production, ecological and the security of the lives and property mind.In addition, continuous with mine production rate
Expand, the tailing amount of accumulation is increasing, and tailings glass pressure is also increasing, the contradiction between mining production and tailings glass
It will become increasingly conspicuous.
In existing bauxite gangue dry process technique, plate compression is the process of currently the only application, due to it
Process energy consumption is high, treatment effeciency is low, high production cost, and needs to add pulverized limestone as filter aid, and filter cake is in alkalescent, to time
It is not highly advantageous for filling out the subsequent biological reclamation in goaf, therefore the popularization that could not be applied.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of dry processing method of bauxite gangue, is improving tailing
While comprehensive utilization ratio, the dry method discharge of bauxite gangue is realized.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of dry processing method of bauxite gangue, includes the following steps:
S1, washup tailings is sent into the first cyclone group cyclonic separation, obtains the first coarse sand and the first overflow；
S2, the first coarse sand is sieved, obtains partial size less than 200 the first screenings of purpose and partial size not less than 200 purposes the
One oversize；
By the first overflow obtained in the first screenings and S1 be sent into the second cyclone group, cyclonic separation, obtain the second overflow and
Second coarse sand；
S3, the first oversize, the second coarse sand are sent into and remove silicon machine, removed silicon, obtain third overflow and third coarse sand；
Third coarse sand is sieved, partial size is obtained and is sieved less than 500 the second screenings of purpose and partial size not less than 500 purposes second
Upper object；
The second overflow, the dense processing of the second screenings progress to obtaining in third overflow, S2, obtain the 4th overflow and underflow；
S4, flocculant is added in acquisition underflow into S3, mixes, filtering obtains filtrate and filter cake.
In the present invention, washup tailings first passes through the first cyclone fraction from processing, and partial size is recycled not less than the coarse sand of 200 mesh
Rate is up to 90% or more；Screening process then is carried out to the first coarse sand of acquisition, the first screenings of acquisition and the first overflow are sent
Enter the second cyclone group, cyclonic separation processing, should during can effectively recycle partial size (rate of recovery can not less than the coarse sands of 500 mesh
Up to 75% or more)；Second oversize can directly send ore in sand form stockyard to store up；4th overflow harshness returns to washup process and recycles；Filter
Cake can backfilling goaf or send ore in sand form stockyard store up, while improving comprehensive utilization of tailing rate, realize bauxite gangue do
Method discharge replaces the tailing wet process stockpiling mode for being unfavorable for environmental protection.
Except silicon machine is according to the density and weight differential of material, fine silicon mud and the silica being mixed into ore in sand form are removed, mine is improved
Sand quality.
Solid grain size is not more than 1mm in the washup tailing.
The first cyclone group is MS-400 cyclone group, MS-400 cyclone group processing capacity >=800m3/h；It is described
Second cyclone group is MS-800 cyclone group, MS-800 cyclone group processing capacity >=800m3/h。
In S2 and S3, screening process is carried out by vibrating screen.
In S4, it is filtered by band filter.
Further, in S4, flocculant is modified flocculant, and further, which is cation polypropylene
Amide, relative molecular weight are 8,000,000 or more, cationic degree >=10%, dissolution time≤60 minute.
In S4, using modified flocculant, by pipe-line mixer and stirred tank, make fine tailings mud fine and close in underflow
Grain becomes loose big floc sedimentation, improves sludge water penetration, carries out three sections of dehydrations subsequently into filter, filtrate returns to washup process
It recycles, filter cake (aqueous≤35%) backfilling goaf, while saving water resource, realizes the dry method row of tailing
It puts.
Further, in three sections of dehydrations, first segment dehydration is that strainer normal pressure is dehydrated, and second segment and third section are strainer
Cooperate roller extrusion dehydration process, low energy consumption for the process, and it is continuous to discharge.
It returns to washup process using filter filtrate to recycle, bauxite gangue dry method is realized in filter cake backfilling goaf
Discharge and zero-emission are to sludge.
Further, it is described except silicon machine include hopper, for by the material in hopper be sent into except in silicon case feeding mechanism,
It is several remove silicon case except silicon case, for driving and do the eccentric drive mechanism of eccentric swing, it is described to be distributed up and down except being equipped in silicon case
Ore bed, sieve plate layer, except the bottom of silicon case is equipped with discharge port；It further include for except the water inlet pipe to supply water in silicon case.It is preferred that
Ground, the water inlet pipe are protruded into except in silicon case, the extending portion of water inlet pipe is separately equipped with several holes upward, and such water enters each remove
Silicon case forms upward water flow.It is further preferred that the water inlet pipe is set to below sieve plate layer, to obtain good processing effect
Fruit.
Further, the quantity except silicon case is at least 2, and the feeding mechanism includes the blanking being connected to hopper
Pipe, the bottom end of feeder pipe are communicated with for material to be divided into each material-dividing groove except in silicon case.
It further, further include removing overflow in silicon case and the overflow launder of overflow out for accepting.
Further, the eccentric drive mechanism include with except silicon case rotation connection drive rod, the one of the drive rod
End is fixed on eccentric wheel.It preferably, further include driving motor, the output shaft and eccentric wheel of driving motor are sequentially connected.
It further, further include the collecting tank being connected to discharge port, the bauxite ore particles after collecting removing silicon mud and silica.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
1. the present invention is dexterously combined using cyclone and vibrating screen, the fine grained alumina in washup tailing more than 500 mesh is recycled
Mine, the bauxite rate of recovery can reach 78.43%(partial size greater than 500 mesh bauxite), reduce bauxite recovery size from 0.30mm
To 0.03mm, comprehensive resource utilization rate has been correspondinglyd increase.
2. the present invention utilizes the density and weight differential of different material, original creation forms ore in sand form physics except silicon device (show by structure
Intention is shown in Fig. 2), effectively removing is mixed into fine ore mud, the silica for recycling ore in sand form, except silicon cement content≤5wt%, SiO after silicon2Content
It is dropped within 12wt% from 18wt% or so, the quality of recycling ore in sand form can be effectively improved.
3, the present invention is ingenious utilizes flocculant, so that fine and close fine tailings mud particle is become loose big floc sedimentation, is conducive to
Filtering, the dehydration of tailings mud.
4, tailings mud moisture content≤35% by dehydration does not have mobility, can be used for backfilling goaf, by tailings mud
Tailings Dam wet process stockpiling become dry treatment, safety and environmental protection effect are obvious.
5, filtering, dehydration energy are low: comparing with traditional plate compression dewatering process, unique belt type filter technique dehydration
Low energy consumption, and the energy consumption of processing equivalent bauxite gangue mud is only 30% of plate compression or so.
6, save water resource: the filtrate after filtering means dehydration returns to washup process and recycles, with the wet row's mode phase of tailings mud
Than every 1,000,000 tons of tailings muds can save 1,580,000 tons of new water.
7, provide the Tu Yuan that reclaims: tailings mud is stored up without Tailings Dam, can be reclaimed to provide for opencast goaf and be filled
Sufficient Tu Yuan is opposite to economize the land resource.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the dry processing method of the bauxite gangue of the first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the structure that silicon machine is removed used in the dry processing method of the bauxite gangue of the first embodiment of the invention
Schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention will be described in detail.It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the present invention
In embodiment and embodiment in feature can be combined with each other.For sake of convenience,
In present embodiment, washup tailing (- 1mm, solid content 13%) is imported MS-400 eddy flow first with pipeline and Pulp pump
Device group, coarse sand are imported into MS-800 cyclone group into 1# vibrating screen, MS-400 cyclone group overflow and 1 minus mesh of vibrating screen slurry,
The coarse sand and 1# vibrating screen oversize of MS-800 cyclone group output, which enter, removes silicon machine, except the coarse sand of silicon machine generation is by 2# vibrating screen
It is transported to stockyard through belt feeder after dehydration, MS-800 cyclone group and the screenings except the overflow of silicon machine, 2# vibrating screen are then imported into
Concentrator.
The silicon machine that removes includes the hopper 1 being set in rack 12, for being sent into the material in hopper except in silicon case 7
Feeding mechanism, it is several remove silicon case 7 except silicon case 7, for driving and do the eccentric drive mechanism of eccentric swing, it is described except being set in silicon case 7
Have the bottom the ore bed 4(filtering layer being distributed up and down, rise support top ore in sand form and friction, filtration), sieve plate layer 6, sieve plate layer 6
Bottom is equipped with water inlet pipe 5, except the bottom of silicon case 7 is equipped with discharge port 8.The quantity except silicon case 7 is at least 2, the feeding
Mechanism includes the feeder pipe 2 being connected to hopper, and the bottom end of feeder pipe 2 is communicated with each except in silicon case 7 for material to be divided into
Material-dividing groove 3.It further include removing overflow in silicon case 7 and the overflow launder 13 of overflow out for accepting.The eccentric drive mechanism packet
The drive rod 10 for including and being rotatablely connected except silicon case 7, one end of the drive rod 10 is fixed on eccentric wheel 11.Further include and discharges
The collecting tanks 9 of 8 connection of mouth.
Except silicon process: before starting to work except silicon machine, first opening the valve of water inlet pipe 5, start by drive rod 10 and eccentric wheel
11 drives remove silicon case 7, then uniformly feed the coarse sand containing mud in hopper 1 except silicon case 7 by feeder pipe 2 and material-dividing groove 3
Bed of material liquid level 14.Except silicon case 7 continuously does eccentric swing, water flow therein is upward, utilizes the density or weight differential of material, density
Lesser silicon mud, silica will up float with water flow, into overflow launder 13 and import concentrator；And the biggish bauxite of density
Particle then pass through ore bed 4(mainly by partial size be 8~10mm bauxite form) during, further removing adherency
Silicon mud, then suitable by sieve plate layer 6(sieve plate screen size, the ore in sand form less than normal that will lead to recycling is flowed with overflow " running thick "
It loses；The ore bed bigger than normal that will lead to consumes too fast and loses support, friction, filtration.The discovery of applicant's repetition test, sieve pore
More appropriate when having a size of 10 × 5mm, effect is preferable) screening, the bauxite ore particles after removing silicon mud and silica are through sand export
8 import collecting tank 9, are finally raised with pump and are sent to vibrating screen dehydration, that is, that completes the coarse sand containing mud removes silicon process.After silicon, fine grained
Bauxite chats cement content drops within 5wt% from 20wt%, SiO2Content drops within 12wt% from 18wt% or so.
Slurry after concentrator sedimentation, concentration imports stock chest and blender through pipe-line mixer, in modified flocculant
Under the action of, fine and closely woven slurry becomes more loose floc sedimentation, is dehydrated by three sections of filter, concentrator overflow and filter filtrate
Washup process is returned to recycle, filter cake (aqueous≤35%) backfilling goaf, while saving water resource, realization
The dry method of tailing is discharged.
Performance analysis:
In the existing wet row's treatment process of bauxite gangue, the Tailings Slurry (32wt%) after concentrator settles and is concentrated passes through slag
Stock pump, which is raised, is sent to Tailings Dam storage；Even if the Tailings Slurry still has bright again by sedimentation, draining during the stockpiling of Tailings Dam
Aobvious mobility, therefore be not used to backfilling goaf, can only permanent heap there are in Tailings Dam.During tailings impoundment, in order to true
The safe operation for protecting Tailings Dam, needs to put into every year certain fund and is safeguarded, administered to Tailings Dam；Therefore, tailing is wet lines up
This mainly includes Tailings Dam expropriation of land and construction cost (sharing), Tailings transportation expense (installations and facilities construction and maintenance, power consumption, people
Work etc.), Tailings Dam maintenance and control expense etc., about 22.30 yuan/ton of wet row's processing cost-dry tailing.
Bauxite gangue dry processing method of the invention, without building Tailings Dam, thickener underflow is through filtering means dehydration, filter
Liquid returns to washup process and recycles, and filter cake is transported to goaf backfill using dump truck or heap is stored to temporary heap field.It examines
Worry dehydration workshop and equipment investment and depreciation, flocculant consumption, operating cost, artificial, filter cake has bad luck and transshipment charge, deducts back
Ore in sand form income and filtrate Returning utilization income are received, the dry row's processing cost of bauxite gangue of the invention is 21.65 yuan/ton of dry tails of
Mine lines up this reduction by 2.91% than wet.
1, Economic and Efficiency Analysis:
(1) the solution of the present invention is tried out after the aluminum mine of Guangxi, every year about 120,000 tons of recycling ore in sand form (fine grained bauxite)
(moisture content≤15wt%, except silicon products therefrom is ore in sand form), fine grained bauxite (A/S:4~7) price are (dry by 85 yuan/ton
Mine) it calculates, ore in sand form recycles and removes about 5,500,000 yuan of system on silicon annual operating cost.
The income of annual recycling bauxite ore in sand form: 12*(1-15%) * 85-550=3,170,000 yuan.
After ore in sand form recycling in washup tailing, the degree of wear of pipeline, underflow pump and spoil disposal impeller of pump is effectively reduced,
Replacement cycle extends 50% than original, and year saves spare part, 800,000 yuan of Master Cost.
(2) 2,500,000 tons of mine output tailings mud, Gu it is dehydrated, becomes by filter containing the thickener underflow for 32wt%
Moisture content≤35wt% filter cake, filtrate return to washup process and recycle, then the new water of washup process year saving: 396.6 ten thousand tons,
New water unit price is by 1.0 yuan/ton of calculating.
The annual new Wat er benefit of washup of saving: 396.6*1.0=396.6 ten thousand yuan
(3) generate direct economic benefit every year: 317.0+80.0+396.6=793.6 ten thousand yuan, direct economic benefit is significant.
2, social benefit
After above-mentioned technique, bauxite washup tailing becomes the filter cake that can be used for backfilling goaf, adopts to be opencast
Dead zone, which is reclaimed, provides sufficient Tu Yuan, opposite to economize the land resource；Meanwhile the sludge of output does not need in bauxite production process
Tailings Dam stockpiling is set up, the security risk of Tailings Dam leakage is preferably eliminated, safety, the environmental protection to mining area periphery is promoted
With positive effect, social benefit is significant.
The content that above-described embodiment illustrates should be understood as that these embodiments are only used for being illustrated more clearly that the present invention, without
For limiting the scope of the invention, after the present invention has been read, those skilled in the art are to various equivalent forms of the invention
Modification each fall within the application range as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of dry processing method of bauxite gangue, which comprises the steps of:
S1, washup tailings is sent into the first cyclone group cyclonic separation, obtains the first coarse sand and the first overflow；
S2, the first coarse sand is sieved, obtains partial size less than 200 the first screenings of purpose and partial size not less than 200 purposes the
One oversize；
By the first overflow obtained in the first screenings and S1 be sent into the second cyclone group, cyclonic separation, obtain the second overflow and
Second coarse sand；
S3, the first oversize, the second coarse sand are sent into and remove silicon machine, removed silicon, obtain third overflow and third coarse sand；
Third coarse sand is sieved, partial size is obtained and is sieved less than 500 the second screenings of purpose and partial size not less than 500 purposes second
Upper object；
The second overflow, the dense processing of the second screenings progress to obtaining in third overflow, S2, obtain the 4th overflow and underflow；
S4, flocculant is added in acquisition underflow into S3, mixes, filtering obtains filtrate and filter cake.
2. the dry processing method of bauxite gangue according to claim 1, which is characterized in that solid in the washup tailing
Body grain diameter is not more than 1mm.
3. the dry processing method of bauxite gangue according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first cyclone group
For MS-400 cyclone group, MS-400 cyclone group processing capacity >=800m3/h；The second cyclone group is MS-800 eddy flow
Device group, MS-800 cyclone group processing capacity >=800m3/h。
4. the dry processing method of bauxite gangue according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in S2 and S3, pass through vibration
Dynamic sieve carries out screening process.
5. the dry processing method of bauxite gangue according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in S4, pass through belt mistake
Filter is filtered.
6. the dry processing method of bauxite gangue according to claim 1-5, which is characterized in that described to remove silicon
Machine include hopper (1), for by the material in hopper be sent into except in silicon case (7) feeding mechanism, it is several except silicon case (7), be used for
It drives except silicon case (7) do the eccentric drive mechanism of eccentric swing, it is described to be equipped with the ore bed being distributed up and down except silicon case (7) are interior
(4), sieve plate layer (6), except the bottom of silicon case (7) is equipped with discharge port (8)；It further include for except the water inlet supplied water in silicon case (7)
It manages (5).
7. the dry processing method of bauxite gangue according to claim 6, which is characterized in that described except silicon case (7)
Quantity is at least 2, and the feeding mechanism includes the feeder pipe (2) being connected to hopper, and the bottom end of feeder pipe (2), which is communicated with, to be used for
Material is divided into each material-dividing groove (3) except in silicon case (7).
8. the dry processing method of bauxite gangue according to claim 6, which is characterized in that further include being removed for accepting
Silicon case (7) interior overflow and go out overflow overflow launder (13).
9. the dry processing method of bauxite gangue according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the eccentric drive mechanism
Including with except silicon case (7) rotation connection drive rod (10), one end of the drive rod (10) is fixed on eccentric wheel (11).
10. the dry processing method of bauxite gangue according to claim 6, which is characterized in that further include and discharge port
(8) collecting tank (9) being connected to.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2021180689A1 (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2021-09-16 | Norsk Hydro Asa | Method and system for long-term management of bauxite mining tailings |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2021180689A1 (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2021-09-16 | Norsk Hydro Asa | Method and system for long-term management of bauxite mining tailings |
| CN115244267A (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2022-10-25 | 诺尔斯海德公司 | Method and system for long-term management of bauxite mining tailings |
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