CN109087570B - Solidification process simulation experiment method - Google Patents
Solidification process simulation experiment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109087570B CN109087570B CN201811016716.5A CN201811016716A CN109087570B CN 109087570 B CN109087570 B CN 109087570B CN 201811016716 A CN201811016716 A CN 201811016716A CN 109087570 B CN109087570 B CN 109087570B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for a solidification process simulation experiment, and belongs to the field of steel continuous casting. The solidification process simulation experiment method comprises the steps of heating and insulating an experiment pool of an experiment device, pouring an experiment solution into the experiment pool, opening a first water outlet valve and a second water outlet valve, and closing the first water inlet valve and the second water inlet valve; under the effect of first water pump, hot water is discharged through first outlet pipe and second outlet pipe, and then with the hot water evacuation in the heat exchange pond and the pipeline, then let in cold water in to the heat exchange pond, cold water in the heat exchange pond cools off the metal sheet, and experimental solution is separated out at the metal sheet surface crystallization, uses the visualizer to observe the crystallization process simultaneously. The invention provides a method for a solidification process simulation experiment, which can simulate the crystallization behavior of molten steel in the solidification process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steel continuous casting, in particular to a method for a solidification process simulation experiment.
Background
The task of steel production is to obtain a continuous casting billet which is qualified, and the essence of molten steel casting is to complete the transformation of steel from liquid to solid, i.e. the process of steel crystallization, also called steel solidification. The crystallization theory of molten steel is mainly from the thermodynamic point of view, and researches the relationship between crystal nucleation, growth, shape change rule and metal structure and quality. At present, the research at home and abroad aiming at the solidification process of the molten steel is mainly the research on the static structure of the molten steel after solidification; for dynamic research in the process of molten steel solidification, because the crystallization behavior in the molten steel is difficult to directly observe under the high-temperature condition, an experimental method for researching the crystallization behavior in the process of molten steel solidification is urgently needed, and the design of the method has important theoretical value and practical significance.
Aiming at the method problem of simulating the solidification process of molten steel, the applicant has previously applied a patent, and the name of the invention is: a method for simulating a molten steel solidification process (application number: 2018108611815; application date: 2018-07-31) comprises the steps that hot water in a hot water tank enters a heat exchange tank through a pipeline, and the hot water in the heat exchange tank heats a metal plate; the heating plate heats and preserves the temperature of the peripheral side walls of the experiment pool; and then pouring the experimental solution into the experimental tank, discharging hot water in the heat exchange tank, allowing cold water in the cold water tank to enter the heat exchange tank through a pipeline, cooling the metal plate by using the cold water in the heat exchange tank, crystallizing and separating out the experimental solution on the surface of the metal plate, and observing the crystallization process by using an observer. By observing the crystallization and precipitation process of the experimental solution on the metal plate, the crystallization behavior in the solidification process of the molten steel can be accurately and objectively researched. However, the application scheme has the following disadvantages: the exchange time of hot water and cold water is longer, which results in poor simulation effect of the experiment. The invention overcomes the technical problems, provides an experimental method which can increase the exchange rate of hot water and cold water and improve the experimental simulation effect in the molten steel solidification process, and aims to solve the technical problems in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Technical problem to be solved by the invention
The invention aims to overcome the defect that the simulation effect of the experiment is poor due to the fact that the exchange time of hot water and cold water in a molten steel solidification simulation experiment is long in the prior art, and provides a method for the solidification process simulation experiment, which can improve the simulation effect of the molten steel solidification experiment.
2. Technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the invention discloses a method for a solidification process simulation experiment, which comprises the following steps:
the device comprises an experiment pool, a metal plate and a water tank, wherein the bottom of the experiment pool is provided with the metal plate;
the heat exchange device comprises a heat exchange pool, wherein a water inlet and a water outlet are respectively arranged at two ends of the heat exchange pool; an experiment pool is arranged on a heat exchange port of the heat exchange pool in a matching way, and the metal plate separates the heat exchange pool from the experiment pool;
the water supply unit comprises a hot water tank and a cold water tank, outlets of the hot water tank and the cold water tank are respectively connected with a first water inlet pipe, the first water inlet pipe is connected with a second water inlet pipe through a first water pump, and the end part of the second water inlet pipe is connected with a water inlet;
the drainage unit comprises a first water outlet pipe provided with a first water outlet valve and a second water outlet pipe provided with a second water outlet valve; the water inlet end of the first water outlet pipe and the water inlet end of the second water outlet pipe are respectively connected with the second water outlet pipe, and a second water inlet valve is arranged between the two water inlet ends; the water outlet end of the first water outlet pipe and the water outlet end of the second water outlet pipe are respectively connected with the first water inlet pipe, and a first water inlet valve is arranged between the two water outlet ends;
the observation instrument is arranged above the experiment pool; heating plates arranged on the outer portions of the peripheral side walls of the experiment pool, conveying hot water in a hot water tank into a heat exchange pool to heat a metal plate, pouring an experiment solution into the experiment pool, opening a first water outlet valve and a second water outlet valve, and closing a first water inlet valve and a second water inlet valve; under the effect of first water pump, hot water is discharged through first outlet pipe and second outlet pipe, and then with the hot water evacuation in the heat exchange pond and the pipeline, then let in cold water in to the heat exchange pond, cold water in the heat exchange pond cools off the metal sheet, and experimental solution is separated out at the metal sheet surface crystallization, uses the visualizer to observe the crystallization process simultaneously.
Preferably, the temperature of the metal plate and the temperature of the peripheral side wall of the test well are not lower than the temperature of the test solution before the test solution is poured into the test well.
Preferably, the steps are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: heating and heat preservation
Heating plates arranged outside the peripheral side walls of the experimental pond; hot water in the hot water tank is pumped into a heat exchange pool through a pipeline by a first water pump, and the hot water in the heat exchange pool heats the metal plate;
step two: adding the test solution
When the temperature of the metal plate and the temperature of the peripheral side wall of the experimental pool are not lower than the temperature of the experimental solution, pouring the experimental solution into the experimental pool;
step three: discharging hot water
Under the action of the first water pump, hot water in the heat exchange tank is discharged through the first water outlet pipe and the second water outlet pipe;
step four: simulating the solidification process of molten steel
Cold water in the cold water tank enters the heat exchange tank through a pipeline, the cold water in the heat exchange tank cools the metal plate, the experimental solution is crystallized and separated out on the surface of the metal plate, and an observer is used for observing the crystallization process.
Preferably, the step one: the heating and heat preservation method comprises the following specific steps: heating plates arranged outside the peripheral side walls of the experimental tank electrically to enable the temperature of the peripheral side walls of the experimental tank to be not lower than that of the experimental solution; opening the hot water outlet valve, the first water inlet valve, the second water inlet valve and the first water pump, and opening the vent valve; the hot water of hot-water tank flows into to the heat transfer pond in by the water inlet under the effect that first water pump pumped, opens the outlet valve when the breather pipe has hot water to spill over, closes the breather valve simultaneously, and the in-process that hot water flowed into and flowed out in the heat transfer pond lasts heats the metal sheet.
Preferably, step three: the specific steps of discharging hot water are as follows: closing the hot water outlet valve, the first water inlet valve and the second water inlet valve, opening the vent valve, and opening the first water outlet valve and the second water outlet valve; at the moment, the drainage valve is opened, hot water in the heat exchange tank flows into the first water inlet pipe through the first water outlet pipe and the second water outlet pipe under the action of the first water pump, and the hot water is discharged into the drainage box through the drainage pipe.
Preferably, step four: the method comprises the following specific steps of simulating the molten steel solidification process: closing the drainage valve, the first water outlet valve and the second water outlet valve, and opening the cold water outlet valve, the first water inlet valve and the second water inlet valve; the first water pump pumps cold water of the cold water tank into the heat exchange pool, the water outlet valve is opened when cold water overflows from the vent pipe, so that the cold water in the heat exchange pool flows out from the water outlet, the vent valve is closed simultaneously, and the metal plate is cooled continuously in the process that the cold water flows into and flows out of the heat exchange pool.
Preferably, the test solution is NH4Aqueous Cl solution or Na2S2O3An aqueous solution.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the solidification process simulation experiment method, when water is discharged from the heat exchange tank, the first water outlet valve and the second water outlet valve are opened, and the first water inlet valve and the second water inlet valve are closed; under the effect of first water pump, can take water out in the heat transfer pond fast to can accelerate the change speed of hot water, cold water, and then can improve the simulation effect of experiment, improve the accuracy of experiment simulation.
(2) According to the solidification process simulation experiment method, before the experiment solution is added, the peripheral side walls of the experiment pool are heated and insulated through the heating plates, the metal plate at the bottom of the experiment pool is heated and insulated through hot water in the hot water tank, so that the temperatures of the peripheral side walls of the experiment pool and the metal plate are not lower than the temperature of the experiment solution, namely, the experiment pool and the metal plate are subjected to preheating treatment, the experiment solution is prevented from being crystallized and separated immediately when added into the experiment pool, an experimenter can effectively observe the crystallization process of the experiment solution, the observation effect of the experiment is improved, and the defect that the crystallization behavior of the molten steel is difficult to directly observe under the high-temperature condition is overcome.
(3) According to the solidification process simulation experiment method, the metal plate is cooled by cold water, so that an experiment solution is crystallized and separated out on the surface of the metal plate, and the metal plate is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the experiment pool, so that an experimenter can conveniently observe the experiment solution through an observer; store up ice-cube in the cold water storage cistern splendid attire for the cold water that lets in the heat exchange pond keeps the low temperature always, thereby has improved the cooling effect of cold water to the metal sheet, and then makes the experiment solution fully crystallize in the metal sheet surface and separate out, and the experimenter can carry out effectual observation, and then has improved the simulation effect of experiment.
(4) The invention relates to a method for a solidification process simulation experiment, wherein an experiment solution is NH4Aqueous Cl solution, NH4The crystallization process of the Cl aqueous solution is similar to the crystallization behavior of the molten steel solidification process, NH4The law of natural convection in the crystallization process of Cl aqueous solution is the same as that in the solidification and crystallization process of molten steel, NH4The Cl solution has the characteristics of low melting enthalpy and low crystallization temperature, so that the temperature in the experimental process is low and is easy to control; in addition, due to NH4Transparency of Cl aqueous solutionCharacteristics and NH4The semitransparent characteristic of the Cl dendrite enables experimenters to conveniently and clearly observe NH in the experimental process4The Cl aqueous solution is crystallized on the metal plate, so that the observation effect of the experiment is improved, and the accuracy of the experiment process is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a solidification process simulation experiment apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchange tank of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the bottom of the experimental tank of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the experimental tank without a metal plate at the bottom;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a method of a coagulation process simulation experiment of the present invention.
The reference numerals in the schematic drawings illustrate:
100. an experimental pond; 110. a metal plate; 120. a heat insulating member; 130. heating plates; 140. a bubble brush; 150. a servo motor;
200. a heat exchange pool; 201. a water inlet; 202. a water outlet; 203. the top wall of the heat exchange pool; 204. a heat exchange port; 210. a hot water tank; 220. a cold water tank; 221. storing the refrigerator; 230. a drainage box;
300. a first water pump; 310. a second water pump;
400. a hot water outlet pipe; 410. a cold water outlet pipe; 420. a first water inlet pipe; 430. a second water inlet pipe; 440. a first hot water pipe; 441. a second hot water pipe; 450. a cold water inlet pipe; 460. a first water outlet pipe; 470. a second water outlet pipe; 480. a drainage tube; 490. a breather pipe;
500. a hot water outlet valve; 510. a cold water outlet valve; 520. a first water inlet valve; 530. a second water inlet valve; 540. a first hot water valve; 541. a second hot water valve; 550. a cold water inlet valve; 560. a first water outlet valve; 570. a second water outlet valve; 580. a drainage valve; 590. a water outlet valve; 591. a vent valve;
600. an observation instrument; 610. a guide rail.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments; moreover, the embodiments are not relatively independent, and can be combined with each other according to needs, so that a better effect is achieved. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
For a further understanding of the invention, reference should be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
In the solidification process simulation experiment method of this embodiment, hot water in the hot water tank 210 enters the heat exchange tank 200 through a pipeline, and the hot water in the heat exchange tank 200 heats the metal plate 110; the heating plate 130 heats and preserves the temperature of the peripheral side wall of the experimental pond 100; the experimental solution is poured into the experimental tank 100, then after the hot water in the heat exchange tank 200 is discharged, the cold water in the cold water tank 220 enters the heat exchange tank 200 through a pipeline, the cold water in the heat exchange tank 200 cools the metal plate 110, the experimental solution is crystallized and separated out on the surface of the metal plate 110, and the crystallization process is observed by using the observer 600. As shown in fig. 5, the specific steps are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: heating and heat preservation
Heating plates 130 arranged outside the peripheral side walls of an experimental tank 100 of the experimental device are electrically heated, so that the temperature of the peripheral side walls of the experimental tank 100 is not lower than that of the experimental solution; in this embodiment, all the valves are initially closed, the hot water outlet valve 500, the first water inlet valve 520, the second water inlet valve 530 and the first water pump 300 are opened, and the vent valve 591 is opened; hot water in the hot water tank 210 flows into the heat exchange tank 200 from the water inlet 201 under the pumping action of the first water pump 300, when hot water overflows from the vent pipe 490, the heat exchange tank 200 is filled with hot water, at the moment, the water outlet valve 590 is opened, so that the hot water in the heat exchange tank 200 flows out from the water outlet 202, and meanwhile, the vent valve 591 is closed, so that the metal plate 110 is continuously heated in the process of flowing in and out of the heat exchange tank 200;
step two: adding the test solution
After heating for a period of time and when the temperature of the metal plate 110 is not lower than the temperature of the experimental solution, pouring the experimental solution into the experimental tank 100, wherein the experimental solution is NH4C1 aqueous solution or Na2S2O3Aqueous solution, the experimental solution used in this example was NH4Saturated aqueous solution of Cl, the temperature of the added experimental solution is 80 +/-2 ℃; the experiment tank 100 is subjected to preheating treatment, so that the experiment solution can be prevented from being immediately crystallized when being poured into the experiment tank 100;
step three: discharging hot water
Firstly, closing the hot water outlet valve 500, the first water inlet valve 520 and the second water inlet valve 530, opening the vent valve 591 to communicate the heat exchange pool 200 with the outside, and opening the first water outlet valve 560 and the second water outlet valve 570; at this time, the drainage valve 580 is also opened, so that the first inlet pipe 420 is communicated with the drainage box 230; under the action of the first water pump 300, hot water in the heat exchange pool 200 flows out from the water inlet 201, enters the water inlet end of the first water pump 300 through the first water outlet pipe 460, flows out from the water outlet end of the first water pump 300 again, flows into the first water inlet pipe 420 through the second water outlet pipe 470, and is discharged into the drainage box 230 through the drainage pipe 480, so that the hot water in the pipeline and the heat exchange pool 200 is drained completely;
step four: simulating the solidification process of molten steel
Closing the flow-guiding valve 580, the first outlet valve 560 and the second outlet valve 570, and opening the cold water outlet valve 510, the first inlet valve 520 and the second inlet valve 530; the first water pump 300 pumps cold water in the cold water tank 220 into the heat exchange pool 200, when cold water overflows from the vent pipe 490, the heat exchange pool 200 is filled with cold water, the water outlet valve 590 is opened to enable the cold water in the heat exchange pool 200 to flow out from the water outlet 202, the vent valve 591 is closed, and the cold water continuously cools the metal plate 110 in the process of flowing in and out of the heat exchange pool 200, so that the temperature of the metal plate 110 is rapidly reduced, and an experimental solution is crystallized and precipitated on the surface of the metal plate 110;
the experimental solution is crystallized and precipitated on the surface of the metal plate 110 by using the above-mentioned steps, and the crystallization and precipitation process of the experimental solution is vertically observed by using the observer 600.
The experimental solution in this example is NH4Aqueous Cl solution, NH4The crystallization process of the Cl aqueous solution is similar to the crystallization behavior of the molten steel solidification process, NH4The law of natural convection in the crystallization process of Cl aqueous solution is the same as that in the solidification and crystallization process of molten steel, NH4The Cl solution has the characteristics of low melting enthalpy and low crystallization temperature, so that the temperature in the experimental process is low and is easy to control; in addition, due to NH4Transparency characteristics of aqueous Cl solution and NH4The semitransparent characteristic of the Cl dendrite enables experimenters to conveniently and clearly observe NH in the experimental process4The Cl aqueous solution is crystallized on the metal plate, so that the observation effect of the experiment is improved, and the accuracy of the experiment process is improved.
According to the invention, before the experimental solution is added, the metal plate 110 is heated and insulated by hot water in the hot water tank 210, and the peripheral side walls of the experimental tank 100 are heated and insulated by the heating plate 130, so that the temperature of the metal plate 110 and the temperature of the peripheral side walls of the experimental tank 100 are not lower than the temperature of the experimental solution, and the experimental solution is prevented from being crystallized and separated immediately when being added into the experimental tank 100, so that an experimenter can effectively observe the crystallization and separation process of the experimental solution, and the simulation effect of the experiment is improved.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the experimental device of the present embodiment includes an experimental tank 100, a heat exchange tank 200, an observer 600, a water supply unit, and a drainage unit, wherein a heat insulation member 120 is disposed at the bottom of a side wall of the experimental tank 100, an installation groove is disposed on the heat insulation member 120, a metal plate 110 is embedded in the installation groove, and the metal plate 110 may be a copper plate, an aluminum plate, or a silver plate; the copper plate adopted in the embodiment can ensure the heat-conducting property of the metal plate 110 on one hand, and has corrosion resistance and certain mechanical strength on the other hand, and the experiment cost is greatly reduced. In this embodiment, the heating plates 130 are installed outside the peripheral side walls of the experimental tank 100, and the heat insulating member 120 prevents the metal plate 110 from directly contacting the heating plates 130, so that the metal plate 110 is not affected by the temperature of the heating plates 130 during the cooling process; the metal plate 110 is horizontally arranged, so that the observation instrument 600 can observe the crystallized product on the metal plate 110 conveniently, and the observation effect is prevented from being influenced by the inclination between the observation instrument 600 and the metal plate 110; the heating plate 130 is used for heating and insulating the peripheral side walls of the experiment pool 100, so that the experiment solution in the experiment pool 100 is prevented from being cooled and separated out on the inner sides of the peripheral side walls, the experiment error is reduced, and the number of crystals separated out of the experiment solution on the metal plate 110 is ensured, so that enough crystal samples can be separated out on the metal plate 110 to facilitate observation, and the simulation effect of the experiment is improved; the heating temperature of the heating plate 130 of the embodiment is 90 ± 2 ℃, and the heating plate 130 is provided with a temperature detector for detecting the temperature of the heating plate 130; the heating plate 130 is not in contact with the top wall 203 of the heat exchange tank, so that when cold water is introduced into the heat exchange tank 200, the temperature of the cold water is not affected by the temperature of the heating plate 130, and further the metal plate 110 can be cooled at low temperature.
The heat exchange tank 200 is connected with the experiment tank 100, and is specifically explained as follows: the experiment pool 100 is arranged on the heat exchange port 204 of the heat exchange pool 200 in a matching way, and the heat exchange pool 200 and the experiment pool 100 are separated by the metal plate 110; one end of the heat exchange pool 200 is provided with a water inlet 201, the other end of the heat exchange pool 200 is provided with a water outlet 202, the water outlet 202 is arranged at the top of the heat exchange pool 200, so that bubbles in the heat exchange pool 200 can flow out from the water outlet 202 along with water flow, and the heating effect or the cooling effect of the water flow on the metal plate 110 can be improved. And a water outlet valve 590 is arranged on the water outlet 202; the top of the heat exchange pool 200 close to the water outlet 202 is connected with a vent pipe 490, the vent pipe 490 is provided with a vent valve 591, when the water in the heat exchange pool 200 needs to be drained, the vent valve 591 on the vent pipe 490 is opened, so that the situation that the external pressure is higher than the internal pressure of the device in the water draining process is avoided, the water in the device is difficult to drain, and the water in the heat exchange pool 200 can be smoothly drained.
The water supply unit is connected with the heat exchange pool 200, the water supply unit comprises a hot water tank 210 and a cold water tank 220, the hot water tank 210 is connected with a hot water outlet pipe 400, the hot water outlet pipe 400 is connected with a water inlet 201 through a pipeline, and a hot water outlet valve 500 is arranged on the hot water outlet pipe 400; the hot water tank 210 is provided with a heater for heating hot water in the hot water tank 210 so that the temperature of the water in the hot water tank 210 is maintained at 90 ± 2 ℃; the cold water tank 220 is connected with a cold water outlet pipe 410, the cold water outlet pipe 410 is connected with the water inlet 201 through a pipeline, and a cold water outlet valve 510 is arranged on the cold water outlet pipe 410; the cold water tank 220 is internally provided with the ice storage tank 221, ice cubes are contained in the ice storage tank 221, and the ice cubes can cool water in the cold water tank 220, so that the water in the cold water tank 220 is kept in a low-temperature state, wherein the temperature of the water in the cold water tank 220 is 0-4 ℃, and the cooling effect on the metal plate 110 can be further improved.
Wherein, a first water pump 300 is arranged on the pipeline between the hot water outlet pipe 400 and the water inlet 201, and/or a first water pump 300 is arranged on the pipeline between the cold water outlet pipe 410 and the water inlet 201; in this embodiment, the first water pump 300 is also disposed on the pipeline between the cold water outlet pipe 410 and the water inlet 201. The specific description is as follows:
the hot water outlet pipe 400 and the cold water outlet pipe 410 are respectively connected with a first water inlet pipe 420, a drainage box 230 is arranged at the lower part of the first water inlet pipe 420, the drainage box 230 is connected with the bottom of the first water inlet pipe 420 through a drainage pipe 480, a drainage valve 580 is arranged on the drainage pipe 480, and the horizontal height of the drainage box 230 is lower than the height of all the pipelines mentioned above; when the residual water in the first inlet pipe 420 needs to be discharged, the drainage valve 580 is opened to communicate the first inlet pipe 420 with the drainage pipe 480, and the residual water in the first inlet pipe 420 can be rapidly discharged into the drainage box 230, so that the water in the pipeline can be replaced. The first water inlet pipe 420 is connected to the water inlet end of the first water pump 300, and the water outlet end of the first water pump 300 is connected to the water inlet 201 through the second water inlet pipe 430.
The drainage unit of the present embodiment includes a first outlet pipe 460 and a second outlet pipe 470; the water inlet end of the first water outlet pipe 460 is connected with the second water inlet pipe 430, the water outlet end of the first water outlet pipe 460 is connected with the first water inlet pipe 420, and the first water outlet pipe 460 is provided with a first water outlet valve 560; the water inlet end of the second water outlet pipe 470 is connected with the second water inlet pipe 430; the water outlet end of the second water outlet pipe 470 is connected with the first water inlet pipe 420, and the second water outlet pipe 470 is provided with a second water outlet valve 570; a second water inlet valve 530 is arranged between the water inlet end of the first water outlet pipe 460 and the water inlet end of the second water outlet pipe 470, and the water inlet end of the second water outlet pipe 470 is closer to the water outlet end of the first water pump 300 than the water inlet end of the first water outlet pipe 460; a first water inlet valve 520 is arranged between the water outlet end of the first water outlet pipe 460 and the water outlet end of the second water outlet pipe 470, and the water outlet end of the first water outlet pipe 460 is closer to the water inlet end of the first water pump 300 than the water outlet end of the second water outlet pipe 470. When water is discharged from the heat exchange tank 200, the first water outlet valve 560 and the second water outlet valve 570 are opened, and the first water inlet valve 520 and the second water inlet valve 530 are closed; under the effect of first water pump 300, can take water out from heat exchange tank 200 fast to can accelerate the change speed of hot water, cold water, and then can improve the simulation effect of experiment, improve the accuracy of experiment simulation.
In this embodiment, the observation instrument 600 is installed above the experimental tank 100, and the observation instrument 600 is slidably installed on the guide rail 610, so that an experimenter can conveniently and directly observe the crystallization process of the experimental solution on the metal plate 110; by sliding the observation instrument 600 on the guide rail 610, the observation position of the observation instrument 600 can be changed, and the crystallization process of the experimental solution on the metal plate 110 can be conveniently and comprehensively observed.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the basic content of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1, except that: the first water pump 300 generates bubbles during pumping water, and the bubbles are attached to the lower portion of the metal plate 110. The bottom of the experimental tank 100 is provided with a slide rail, the slide rail is positioned at the lower part of the metal plate 110, the bubble brush 140 is slidably mounted on the slide rail, the bubble brush 140 is provided with a servo motor 150, and the servo motor 150 is used for driving the bubble brush 140 to slide back and forth along the length direction of the slide rail; the top of the bubble brush 140 contacts with the lower part of the metal plate 110, and the bubble brush 140 can wipe off bubbles attached to the bottom of the metal plate 110 in the reciprocating process, so that the attached bubbles are separated from the bottom of the metal plate 110, and the separated bubbles are discharged from the water outlet 202 under the driving of hot water or cold water, thereby improving the heating effect or the cooling effect of water flow on the metal plate 110.
The level of metal sheet 110 is less than the level of heat exchange pond roof 203, and the difference in height of metal sheet 110 and heat exchange pond roof 203 is 3 ~ 10cm, and this embodiment is 5 cm. So that the bubbles wiped by the bubble brush 140 are gathered on the inner walls of the two ends of the top wall 203 of the heat exchange tank and can be discharged from the water outlet 202; the bubbles are not attached to the lower portion of the metal plate 110, thereby improving the heating effect or the cooling effect of the water flow to the metal plate 110.
Example 3
The basic contents of this embodiment are the same as embodiment 1, except that: the bottom of the heat exchange tank 200 is connected with the hot water tank 210 through a second hot water pipe 441, and a second hot water valve 541 is arranged on the second hot water pipe 441, so that hot water can flow back to the hot water tank 210 along the second hot water pipe 441, thereby promoting the discharge of hot water and saving hot water resources; the second hot water pipe 441 is provided with a second hot water valve 541 so that the second hot water pipe 441 can be controlled to flow only hot water.
The water outlet 202 is connected with the water inlet end of the second water pump 310 through a pipeline, the water outlet end of the second water pump 310 is connected with the first hot water pipe 440, and the first hot water pipe 440 is positioned at the upper part of the hot water tank 210, so that the water outlet 202 is indirectly connected with the hot water tank 210, hot water used in the preheating process can flow back into the hot water tank 210 through the pipeline, the hot water is recycled, and hot water resources are greatly saved; the first hot water pipe 440 is provided with a first hot water valve 540 for controlling a hot water recovery process. The water outlet end of the second water pump 310 is connected with a cold water inlet pipe 450, the cold water inlet pipe 450 is positioned at the upper part of the cold water tank 220, and cold water used in the cooling crystallization process can be circulated into the cold water tank 220 through a pipeline, so that the cold water is recycled; the cold water inlet pipe 450 is disposed corresponding to the ice storage tank 221, and thus the recovered cold water can be cooled again, so that the water in the cold water tank 220 is kept at a low temperature; and a cold water inlet valve 550 is provided on the cold water inlet pipe 450 for controlling the recovery process of the cold water.
Example 4
The basic contents of this embodiment are the same as embodiment 1, except that: when the crystallization process of the experimental solution is observed, a certain dyeing reagent is added to form a sharp contrast with the crystal, so that the crystallization process can be observed more clearly; potassium permanganate or CuCl can be adopted in the experimental process2The solution acts as a staining reagent. The experimental solution used in this example was NH4Saturated aqueous solution of Cl, and CuCl as staining reagent2Solution of due to NH4Cl-H2Transparency of O solution and NH4Translucency of Cl crystals, CuCl2The solution is light blue and can be mixed with translucent NH4The Cl crystals form a sharp contrast, and experimenters can observe more conveniently; and CuCl2The chlorine ion in the solution can promote NH4And Cl is separated out, so that more crystals can be separated out from the experimental solution, and the simulation effect of the experiment is improved.
The present invention and its embodiments have been described above schematically, without limitation, and what is shown in the drawings is only one of the embodiments of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if the person skilled in the art receives the teaching, without departing from the spirit of the invention, the person skilled in the art shall not inventively design the similar structural modes and embodiments to the technical solution, but shall fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for simulation experiment of solidification process is characterized in that: comprises an experiment pool (100), wherein a metal plate (110) is arranged at the bottom of the experiment pool (100);
the heat exchange device comprises a heat exchange pool (200), wherein a water inlet (201) and a water outlet (202) are respectively arranged at two ends of the heat exchange pool (200); the experimental tank (100) is arranged on the heat exchange port (204) of the heat exchange tank (200) in a matching way, and the metal plate (110) separates the heat exchange tank (200) from the experimental tank (100);
the water supply unit comprises a hot water tank (210) and a cold water tank (220), outlets of the hot water tank (210) and the cold water tank (220) are respectively connected with a first water inlet pipe (420), the first water inlet pipe (420) is connected with a second water inlet pipe (430) through a first water pump (300), and the end part of the second water inlet pipe (430) is connected with a water inlet (201);
a drainage unit comprising a first outlet pipe (460) provided with a first outlet valve (560) and a second outlet pipe (470) provided with a second outlet valve (570); the water inlet end of the first water outlet pipe (460) and the water inlet end of the second water outlet pipe (470) are respectively connected with the second water outlet pipe (470), and a second water inlet valve (530) is arranged between the two water inlet ends; the water outlet end of the first water outlet pipe (460) and the water outlet end of the second water outlet pipe (470) are respectively connected with the first water inlet pipe (420), and a first water inlet valve (520) is arranged between the two water outlet ends;
an observer (600), wherein the observer (600) is arranged above the experiment pool (100);
heating plates (130) arranged outside the peripheral side walls of the experimental tank (100) are heated, and hot water in a hot water tank (210) is conveyed into a heat exchange tank (200) to heat a metal plate (110); then pouring the experimental solution into the experimental pond (100), opening the first water outlet valve (560) and the second water outlet valve (570), and closing the first water inlet valve (520) and the second water inlet valve (530); under the action of a first water pump (300), hot water is discharged through a first water outlet pipe (460) and a second water outlet pipe (470), then the hot water in the heat exchange pool (200) and in the pipeline is emptied, then cold water is introduced into the heat exchange pool (200), the cold water in the heat exchange pool (200) cools the metal plate (110), an experimental solution is crystallized and separated on the surface of the metal plate (110), and meanwhile, an observation instrument (600) is used for observing the crystallization process; wherein, before the experimental solution is poured into the experimental tank (100), the temperature of the metal plate (110) and the temperature of the peripheral side wall of the experimental tank (100) are not lower than the temperature of the experimental solution.
2. The method for simulation experiment of solidification process according to claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: heating and heat preservation
Heating plates (130) arranged outside the peripheral side walls of the experimental tank (100); hot water in the hot water tank (210) is pumped into the heat exchange pool (200) by the first water pump (300) through a pipeline, and the hot water in the heat exchange pool (200) heats the metal plate (110);
step two: adding the test solution
When the temperature of the metal plate (110) and the temperature of the peripheral side wall of the experiment pool (100) are not lower than the temperature of the experiment solution, pouring the experiment solution into the experiment pool (100);
step three: discharging hot water
Under the action of a first water pump (300), hot water in the heat exchange pool (200) is discharged through a first water outlet pipe (460) and a second water outlet pipe (470);
step four: simulating the solidification process of molten steel
Cold water in the cold water tank (220) enters the heat exchange pool (200) through a pipeline, the cold water in the heat exchange pool (200) cools the metal plate (110), the experimental solution is crystallized and separated out on the surface of the metal plate (110), and meanwhile, an observer (600) is used for observing the crystallization process.
3. The method for simulation experiment of solidification process according to claim 2, wherein: the method comprises the following steps: the heating and heat preservation method comprises the following specific steps: heating plates (130) arranged outside the peripheral side walls of the experimental tank (100) are electrically heated, so that the temperature of the peripheral side walls of the experimental tank (100) is not lower than that of the experimental solution; opening the hot water outlet valve (500), the first water inlet valve (520), the second water inlet valve (530) and the first water pump (300), and opening the vent valve (591); hot water in the hot water tank (210) flows into the heat exchange pool (200) from the water inlet (201) under the pumping action of the first water pump (300), when hot water overflows from the vent pipe (490), the water outlet valve (590) is opened, meanwhile, the vent valve (591) is closed, and the hot water continuously heats the metal plate (110) in the process of flowing in and out of the heat exchange pool (200).
4. The method for simulation experiment of solidification process according to claim 2, wherein: step three: the specific steps of discharging hot water are as follows: firstly, closing the hot water outlet valve (500), the first water inlet valve (520) and the second water inlet valve (530), opening the ventilation valve (591), and opening the first water outlet valve (560) and the second water outlet valve (570); at the moment, the drainage valve (580) is also opened, hot water in the heat exchange pool (200) flows into the first water inlet pipe (420) through the first water outlet pipe (460) and the second water outlet pipe (470) under the action of the first water pump (300), and at the moment, the hot water is discharged into the drainage box (230) through the drainage pipe (480).
5. The method for simulation experiment of solidification process according to claim 2, wherein: step four: the method comprises the following specific steps of simulating the molten steel solidification process: closing the flow-guiding valve (580), the first water outlet valve (560) and the second water outlet valve (570), and opening the cold water outlet valve (510), the first water inlet valve (520) and the second water inlet valve (530); the first water pump (300) pumps cold water in the cold water tank (220) into the heat exchange pool (200), when cold water overflows from the vent pipe (490), the water outlet valve (590) is opened to enable the cold water in the heat exchange pool (200) to flow out from the water outlet (202), meanwhile, the vent valve (591) is closed, and the cold water continuously cools the metal plate (110) in the process of flowing in and out of the heat exchange pool (200).
6. The method for simulation experiment of solidification process according to claim 2, wherein: the experimental solution is NH4Aqueous Cl solution or Na2S2O3An aqueous solution.
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