CN109086517A - A kind of exceeded quick emergency calculation method of small watershed Mixing Coefficient in Rectangular Channels maximal workload - Google Patents
A kind of exceeded quick emergency calculation method of small watershed Mixing Coefficient in Rectangular Channels maximal workload Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of exceeded quick emergency calculation method of small watershed Mixing Coefficient in Rectangular Channels maximal workload, specifically includes the following steps: (1) draws flow, pollutant burden and corresponding proportion relationship line graph；(2) add up to summarize pollutants discharged into rivers actual load within the scope of monitoring cycle；(3) pollutants discharged into rivers maximal workload within the scope of same period is calculated simultaneously；(4) the pollutants discharged into rivers reduction needed is calculated, is cut down or calculated water diversion volume to Ru He contaminating enterprises pollutant discharge amount, in due course water transfer prevents section pollution exceeded, realizes river water environmental protection；The method of the present invention is novel, unique, and easy to operate, accurate measurement effectively solves the water environment protection of small watershed river (section), there is significant economic and social benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of exceeded quick emergency calculation methods of small watershed Mixing Coefficient in Rectangular Channels maximal workload, especially allusion quotation
A kind of exceeded quick emergency calculation method of small watershed Mixing Coefficient in Rectangular Channels maximal workload of type northern area.
Background technique
Northern small watershed river is typically characterised by natural runoff scarcity, and mostly River pollution, mainly by point-source pollution
Object drains into the influence in river, and river water source is mostly sewage treatment plant tail water.In the advanced warp of foreign basin water environment management
On the basis of testing, the watershed management in China increasingly systematization and fining, especially on the water environment management in great rivers basin
It achieves noticeable achievement.Although China has been set up the fairly perfect exceeded emergency method of basin pollutant, small watershed river is still
Be faced with sudden water environment pollution Frequent Accidents, pollutional load-water quality Response System lack, Emergency management system disorder it is short
Plate, related management personnel cannot cope with overproof water quality emergency situations in time.In order to effectively solve on current small watershed river management
Existing outstanding problem is badly in need of a kind of exceeded quick emergency calculation method of small watershed Mixing Coefficient in Rectangular Channels maximal workload.
Existing research generally calculates basin River Water Pollution object maximal workload, meter by the method for establishing water quality model
Calculation process is related to the problems such as parameter is more, more there are uncertain factor, and obtained result tends not to effectively instruct basin river real
Border water environment pollution situation can not precisely provide the exceeded quick emergency calculation method of pollutant.In order to solve the above small watershed
When the problem of river management and application model calculate maximal workload there are the drawbacks of, be badly in need of using for reference U.S. TMDL meter
It draws on the basis of implementing, application load duration curve method calculates small watershed Mixing Coefficient in Rectangular Channels maximal workload, and combines small watershed
The practical pollutant emission in river enters river situation, provides a kind of exceeded quick emergency calculating of small watershed Mixing Coefficient in Rectangular Channels maximal workload
Method, but so far there are no open report.
Summary of the invention
It is dirty it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of small watershed river for the defect for overcoming the prior art for above situation
The exceeded quick emergency calculation method of object maximal workload is contaminated, can effectively identify the exceeded pollutant in small watershed river, and diagnose small stream
The problem of river contaminated section in domain quickly provides the Emergency management measure of small watershed Mixing Coefficient in Rectangular Channels, realizes water environment protection.
From only from river, monitoring section pollutant overproof water quality takes emergency means different in previous research, the present invention is by water
Body water quality condition and pollutional load situation effectively combine, and establish the Response System of water quality and pollutional load, it is intended to mention
For a kind of exceeded quick emergency calculation method of small watershed Mixing Coefficient in Rectangular Channels maximal workload.
The exceeded quick emergency calculation method of a kind of small watershed Mixing Coefficient in Rectangular Channels maximal workload provided by the present invention is to receive
Collect small watershed river water outlet section many years daily average water discharge value, draw small watershed river water outlet section flow duration curve and bears
Lotus duration curve；Sewage treatment plant's River contaminant drain outlet position and its corresponding pollutant row within the scope of monitoring investigation small watershed on the spot
It is put into river amount, cumulative calculation is superimposed all Wastewater Treatments and drains into river amount；Given small watershed river water outlet section
Any data on flows learns small watershed river by small watershed river water outlet section flow duration curve and load duration curve
Pollutants discharged into rivers maximal workload is flowed, and calculates sewage treatment plant under same day flow condition simultaneously and corresponds to pollutant emission and enter river
The sum of amount；Comparative analysis small watershed river pollutants discharged into rivers maximal workload and actually enter river amount, i.e. the sum of actual load, when
When small watershed river pollutants discharged into rivers actual load exceeds maximal workload, exceeded emergency calculation method is provided, is specifically included
Following steps:
(1) it based on small watershed river water outlet section many years daily average water discharge data, is arranged by sequence from big to small,
It calculates and is greater than or equal to a certain flow proportion, draw flow and corresponding proportion relationship line graph, as flow duration
Curve (FDC, Flow Duration Curve):
PQ=n/N formula (1)
In formula, PQFor the percentage beyond corresponding daily average water discharge Q, %；N is more than or equal to of corresponding daily average water discharge Q
Number；N is many years daily average water discharge total number；
According to GB3838-2002 " water environment quality standard ", by I~V class standard of small watershed river pollutants discharged into rivers
Water quality objective value obtains pollutants discharged into rivers maximum daily load multiplied by flow duration curve, draws pollutant maximum daily load and right
Answer the line graph of proportion under the conditions of daily average water discharge Q, as load duration curve (LDC, Load Duration Curve):
L=KQC formula (2)
In formula, L is maximum daily load, unit t/d under corresponding daily average water discharge Q；K be unit conversion coefficient, 0.0864；Q
For corresponding daily average water discharge value, unit m3/s；C is that pollutants discharged into rivers water quality objective is dense under specified water environment quality standard
Angle value, unit mg/L；
(2) small watershed river historical summary data are combined, sewage treatment plant's River contaminant drain outlet position within the scope of small watershed is checked
It sets, and collects the synchronous on-line monitoring hydrology-water quality data of combing sewage treatment plant, add up to summarize to enter within the scope of monitoring cycle river dirt
Contaminate object actual load；
(3) any scheduled date daily average water discharge Q value of small watershed river water outlet section is given, is discharged by small watershed river
Mouth section flow duration curve obtains the percentage beyond corresponding daily average water discharge Q, in conjunction with load duration curve, must enter river pollution
Object maximal workload；
(4) it under the conditions of given small watershed river water outlet section any scheduled date daily average water discharge Q data, compares into river
Pollutant maximum daily load amount and practical daily load numerical quantity size, and emergency measure is provided, it is negative when pollutants discharged into rivers practical day
Lotus amount is less than or equal to maximum daily load amount, and contaminating enterprises maintain parent pollutant to drain into river status within the scope of small watershed；When entering river
The practical daily load amount of pollutant is greater than maximum daily load amount, the pollutants discharged into rivers reduction of needs is calculated, according to each contaminating enterprises
Pollutant it is practical enter river measure accounting, to each contaminating enterprises' pollutant enter river amount carry out equal proportion reduction；It is polluted in each contaminating enterprises
Object enters in the case that river amount can not cut down, and in conjunction with the practical water transfer lock distribution situation in small watershed river, calculates water diversion volume, adjusts in due course
Water prevents section pollution exceeded, realizes river water environmental protection.
Applicable object of the invention is typical northern small watershed river, and purpose is to provide a kind of small watershed Mixing Coefficient in Rectangular Channels most
The exceeded quick emergency calculation method of big load, makes every effort to the response relation for effectively establishing small watershed river pollution load and water quality,
Maximal workload exceeded quick emergency calculation method in small watershed river is provided in a short time, scientificlly and effectively small watershed river is carried out
Integrated management makes pollutant enter river amount within the scope of the pollutional load that small watershed river allows, reaches small watershed river water contamination
Situation improves and quality of water environment promotes target, has method novelty, unique, easy to operate, accurate measurement, effectively solution small watershed
The water environment protection in river (section), there is significant economic and social benefit.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is present invention specific implementation flow chart；
Fig. 2 is certain small watershed river water outlet section flow duration curve of the invention；
Fig. 3 is certain small watershed river water outlet section COD load duration curve of the invention；
Fig. 4 is certain small watershed river water outlet section ammonia nitrogen loading duration curve of the invention；
Fig. 5 is certain small watershed river intake-outlet material balance schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 6 is that the specific small watershed river range materials of the present invention balance rough schematic view.
Specific embodiment
By taking certain northern small watershed river as an example, in conjunction with attached FIG. 1 to FIG. 6 and concrete condition to a specific embodiment of the invention
It elaborates.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is in specific implementation, a kind of small watershed Mixing Coefficient in Rectangular Channels maximal workload is exceeded quickly to be answered
Anxious calculation method, specifically includes the following steps:
(1) flow duration curve is drawn:
Water outlet section continuous 4 years daily average water discharge numerical value in small watershed river is arranged according to sequence from big to small, meter
The percentage beyond corresponding daily average water discharge is calculated, using the percentage beyond corresponding daily average water discharge as abscissa, corresponding flow is vertical
Coordinate draws flow duration curve, as shown in Figure 2；
(2) load duration curve is drawn:
Small watershed river pollutants discharged into rivers be COD and ammonia nitrogen, load duration curve be flow duration curve it is corresponding enter
The product of river pollutant water quality objective value, equally using the percentage beyond corresponding daily average water discharge as abscissa, corresponding discharge with it is right
The product for answering pollutants discharged into rivers water quality objective value is ordinate, draws load duration curve, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4；
(3) pollutants discharged into rivers actual load is calculated:
Small watershed river mainstream be River pollution, tributary be mostly natural runoff import, water it is small, pollutants discharged into rivers actual negative
When lotus amount is calculated, river amount is entered according to Wastewater Treatment along the river, and sewage treatment plant is built in river An Chu, sewage treatment
Factory's pollutant discharge amount is equal to pollutant and enters river amount, shares 5 sewage treatment plants through this small watershed river, determines after investigating on the spot
Liao Ge sewage treatment plant River contaminant drain outlet position, and the real-time pollutant discharge amount online monitoring data of sewage treatment plant is had collected,
Each Wastewater Treatment drains into the sum of river amount i.e. small watershed river pollutants discharged into rivers actual load thus；
(4) small watershed river intake-outlet section conservation of matter relationship is established:
Specific steps are as follows:
Any given small watershed some day river water outlet section data on flows, calculates small watershed pollutants discharged into rivers most with this
Big daily load amount and practical daily load amount, compare and analyze:
1) small watershed pollutants discharged into rivers maximum daily load amount:
Small watershed river water outlet section flow value on May 25th, 2017 is 3.2m3/ s is more than as shown in Figure 2 corresponding day
The percentage of equal flow is 45%, and Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 is combined to read under different quality goal condition, and the maximum day of COD and ammonia nitrogen is negative
Lotus amount, as shown in table 1:
Pollutants discharged into rivers maximum daily load amount is calculated under 1 small watershed river water outlet section different quality goal condition of table
| Serial number | Water quality objective | COD(mg/L) | Ammonia nitrogen (mg/L) | COD(t/d) | Ammonia nitrogen (t/d) |
| 1 | I class | 15 | 0.15 | 4.121 | 0.042 |
| 2 | II class | 15 | 0.5 | 4.121 | 0.141 |
| 3 | III class | 20 | 1.0 | 5.495 | 0.282 |
| 4 | IV class | 30 | 1.5 | 8.243 | 0.423 |
| 5 | V class | 40 | 2.0 | 10.990 | 0.563 |
2) the practical daily load amount of small watershed pollutants discharged into rivers:
This small watershed river shares 5 sewage treatment plants and imports, and is respectively positioned on river side, corresponding River contaminant drain outlet position
The signal from upstream to downstream position is set as shown in figure 5, Wastewater Treatment discharge amount, which is equal to pollutant, enters river amount, 5 dirts
It is as shown in table 2 that the wastewater flow rate of water treatment plant and pollutant emission enter river situation:
2 small watershed range Nei Ge sewage treatment plant of table, which corresponds to pollutant emission and enters river load, to be appraised and decided
3) situation one
When small watershed river water outlet section water quality objective is IV~V class, small watershed river COD maximum day as shown in Table 1
Load is respectively 8.243t/d and 10.990t/d, and ammonia nitrogen maximum daily load amount is respectively 0.423t/d and 0.563t/d；COD
Practical daily load amount with ammonia nitrogen is respectively 7.215t/d and 0.289t/d, and the practical daily load amount of pollutant is less than maximum daily load
Amount allows within the scope of pollutional load in small watershed river, without taking any emergency measure, is maintaining Wastewater Treatment just
Often discharge；In conjunction with this small watershed river actual history data it is found that small watershed river water outlet section in 2017 exists
In IV class of surface water and V class water quality objective, contaminating enterprises are constantly in just partial time period water stabilization within the scope of small watershed
Normal discharge state, is not rectified and improved, this analysis result meets the practical contaminating enterprises' pollutant emission of small watershed in 2017 and enters river situation；
4) situation two
When small watershed river water outlet section water quality objective is I, II and III class, it is known that small watershed river COD maximum day is negative
Lotus amount is respectively 4.121t/d, 4.121t/d and 5.495t/d, and ammonia nitrogen maximum daily load amount is respectively 0.042t/d, 0.141t/d
And 0.282t/d；The practical daily load amount of COD and ammonia nitrogen is respectively 7.215t/d and 0.289t/d, the practical daily load amount of pollutant
Greater than maximum daily load amount, need to take emergency measures；According to the discharge of major pollutant of small watershed range Nei Ge sewage treatment plant
Enter river amount accounting, river amount is drained into Wastewater Treatment and carries out equal proportion reduction；It is dirty to be first depending on each sewage treatment plant
Object concentration of emission and discharge standard are contaminated, whether there are sewage treatment plant discharge beyond standards, if so, then needing to add sewage treatment plant if verifying
With strict control, if occurring without discharge beyond standards phenomenon, need to drain into river amount accounting according to each sewage treatment plant, equal proportion is cut
Subtract Wastewater Treatment and drains into river amount.Each Wastewater Treatment needs reduction situation such as table 3:
3 different quality goal condition Xia Ge sewage treatment plant of table drains into the corresponding reduction of river pollutant
It needs to cut down emphatically 4 pollutant of River contaminant drain outlet and enters river amount, and the corresponding sewage treatment plant position of its River contaminant drain outlet
The middle reaches in mainstream are corresponded in small watershed, the city section of corresponding small watershed range shows this small watershed river mainly contaminated river
Section is the river middle reaches of place city section；In conjunction with this small watershed river actual history data it is found that small watershed river goes out
Mouth of a river section part period water stabilization has carried out part of contaminated water treatment plant to propose mark transformation, make at sewage in III class level
Manage plant effluent stablize it is horizontal in surface water IV class, and for can not carry out mentioning the Wastewater Treatment discharge amount of mark transformation into
Reduction is gone, this analysis result also complies with the practical contaminating enterprises' pollutant emission of small watershed in 2017 and enters river situation；
5) situation three
If under actual conditions, sewage treatment plant drains into river pollutant and cannot cut down, then need to consider water transfer, makes small stream
Domain pollutant emission enters river amount within the scope of water body is maximum allowable；In conjunction with small watershed practical water transfer mouth position and practical water transfer
Water quality situation, and comprehensively consider Mixing Coefficient in Rectangular Channels attenuation and its Small basin hydrology water quality situation, according within the scope of small watershed
Pollutant conservation of matter law is passed in and out, building pollutant enters the relationship of river amount and water diversion volume, establishes equation group, can calculate water transfer
Amount, water transfer concentration are calculated according to II class water standard of water environment quality standard, obtain water diversion volume calculation formula；For the ease of
Show calculating process, it is assumed that only one River contaminant drain outlet and a water transfer mouth position small watershed within the scope of, the signal of each parameter with
Diagram is as shown in fig. 6, calculation formula is as follows:
In formula, Q0For small watershed river water inlet section flow value, unit m3/s；Q1For 1 flow value of River contaminant drain outlet,
Unit is m3/s；QAFor 1 position flow value of River contaminant drain outlet, unit m3/s；QIt adjustsFor water transfer mouth flow value, unit is
m3/s；QBFor water transfer mouth position flow value, unit m3/s；Q is small watershed water outlet section flow value, unit m3/
s；C0For small watershed water inlet section pollutant concentration value, unit mg/L；C1For 1 pollutant concentration value of River contaminant drain outlet, unit
For mg/L；CAFor 1 position pollutant concentration value of River contaminant drain outlet, unit mg/L；CIt adjustsFor water transfer mouth pollutant concentration
Value, unit mg/L；CBFor water transfer mouth position pollutant concentration value, unit mg/L；C is small watershed water outlet section
Pollutant concentration value under different quality goal condition, unit mg/L；x1For small watershed water inlet section to 1 institute of River contaminant drain outlet
In positional distance, unit m；x2For 1 position of River contaminant drain outlet to water transfer mouth position distance, unit m；x3To adjust
Mouth of a river position is to small watershed water outlet section distance, unit m；K section degradation of pollutant coefficient thus, unit d-1；u
Average section of river flow velocity thus, unit m/s；
By above equation group, water diversion volume is solved are as follows:
The determination of attenuation coefficient k empirically Y-factor method Y and utilizes no sewage draining exit and branch afflux section pollutant monitoring number
It is determined according to two methods of calculating are carried out, flow speed data is measured at investigation scene with flow meters；
The specific formula for calculation of attenuation coefficient is calculated such as using no sewage draining exit and branch afflux section pollutant monitoring data
Under:
In formula: C is no sewage draining exit and branch afflux section end section pollutant monitoring concentration, unit mg/L；C0For
Without the initial section pollutant monitoring concentration of sewage draining exit and branch afflux section, unit mg/L；K section degradation of pollutant system thus
Number, unit d-1；X section length thus, unit m；U average section of river flow velocity thus, unit m/s；
Calculating process principle is derived according to above small watershed river water diversion volume, in conjunction with Fig. 5 each parameter signal, it is known that the north certain
It is as follows that water diversion volume calculation formula is actually needed in small watershed river:
In formula, Q0For small watershed river water inlet section flow value, unit m3/s；Q1For 1 flow value of River contaminant drain outlet,
Unit is m3/s；QIt adjustsFor water transfer mouth flow value, unit m3/s；Q2For 2 flow value of River contaminant drain outlet, unit m3/s；Q3To enter
3 flow value of river sewage draining exit, unit m3/s；Q4For 4 flow value of River contaminant drain outlet, unit m3/s；Q5For the stream of River contaminant drain outlet 5
Magnitude, unit m3/s；Q is small watershed river water outlet section flow value, unit m3/s；C0For small watershed river water inlet
Section pollutant concentration value, unit mg/L；C1For 1 pollutant concentration value of River contaminant drain outlet, unit mg/L；CIt adjustsFor water transfer mouth
Pollutant concentration value, unit mg/L；C2For 2 pollutant concentration value of River contaminant drain outlet, unit mg/L；C3For River contaminant drain outlet 3
Pollutant concentration value, unit mg/L；C4For 4 pollutant concentration value of River contaminant drain outlet, unit mg/L；C5For River contaminant drain outlet 5
Pollutant concentration value, unit mg/L；C is pollutant concentration under small watershed river water outlet section different quality goal condition
Value, unit mg/L；x1For small watershed river water inlet section to 1 position distance of River contaminant drain outlet, unit m；x2To enter
1 position of river sewage draining exit to water transfer mouth position distance, unit m；x3For water transfer mouth position to River contaminant drain outlet 2
Position distance, unit m；x4It is 2 position of River contaminant drain outlet to 3 position distance of River contaminant drain outlet, unit is
m；x5For 3 position of River contaminant drain outlet to 4 position distance of River contaminant drain outlet, unit m；x6For where River contaminant drain outlet 4
Position is to 5 position distance of River contaminant drain outlet, unit m；x7For the water outlet of 5 position of River contaminant drain outlet to small watershed river
Mouth section distance, unit m；K section degradation of pollutant coefficient thus, unit d-1；Average section of river flow velocity, unit are u thus
m/s；
Value such as the following table 4 of specific each parameter:
4 major parameter symbol of table and numerical value list
| Serial number | Symbol | Numerical value |
| 1 | Q0(m3/s) | 0.189 |
| 2 | Q1(m3/s) | 0.327 |
| 3 | Q2(m3/s) | 0.366 |
| 4 | Q3(m3/s) | 0.166 |
| 5 | Q4(m3/s) | 1.892 |
| 6 | Q5(m3/s) | 0.260 |
| 7 | Q(m3/s) | 3.200 |
| 8 | C0(mg/L) | 32.25 |
| 9 | C1(mg/L) | 22.91 |
| 10 | C2(mg/L) | 26.48 |
| 11 | C3(mg/L) | 37.75 |
| 12 | C4(mg/L) | 26.95 |
| 13 | C5(mg/L) | 35.47 |
| 14 | CIt adjusts(mg/L) | 15.00 |
| 15 | x1(m) | 1600 |
| 16 | x2(m) | 3190 |
| 17 | x3(m) | 1660 |
| 18 | x4(m) | 4590 |
| 19 | x5(m) | 8550 |
| 20 | x6(m) | 8545 |
| 21 | x7(m) | 7530 |
| 22 | k(COD)(d-1) | 0.15 |
| 23 | u(m/s) | 0.10 |
The COD top-priority pollutants discharged into rivers in small watershed river thus, in order to make small watershed river water outlet section water quality
Meet water quality objective, it is up to standard that water diversion volume must satisfy small watershed river water outlet section COD water quality first, therefore water transfer of the present invention
Amount is calculated using COD as top-priority pollutants discharged into rivers；According to small watershed river water inlet section, water outlet section,
Sewage treatment plant's River contaminant drain outlet position is balanced with river situation and water transfer mouth position and water transfer water quality situation, foundation is drained into
Formula, when water outlet section water quality objective is I~III class in small watershed river, in order to reach small watershed river water outlet section water quality
Mark, calculates required water diversion volume such as the following table 5:
Certain the small watershed water diversion volume calculated result list of table 5
In conjunction with this small watershed river actual history data it is found that when small watershed river water outlet section part in 2017
Between section water stabilization in III class level, there are water transfer situation, and the average annual water diversion volume in water transfer mouth position and to calculate water diversion volume basic
It can coincide, this result equally also complies with the practical water transfer situation of small watershed in 2017.
In the case where not considering that branch afflux and non-point pollution drain into river, certain small watershed of the north selected by the present invention
It is 3.011m that 5 sewage treatment plants, which correspond to the sum of River contaminant drain outlet water, in range3/ s, small watershed river water outlet section flow
Value is 3.2m3/ s can substantially prove that this small watershed river can be achieved on water balance, show only to select sewage treatment
The corresponding River contaminant drain outlet of factory is feasible as small watershed pollutants discharged into rivers source.
The present invention meets " earth's surface water ring from small watershed river water outlet section respectively by taking certain northern small watershed river as an example
Border quality standard " (GB3838-2002) I~V class water standard be condition, calculate small watershed pollutants discharged into rivers maximum daily load
Amount and practical daily load amount, point three kinds of scenes are analyzed, this small watershed small watershed river water outlet section in 2017 is consulted
Water quality situation, the pollutant emission of actual sewage treatment plant enter river situation and water transfer implementation of the plan, it is known that three kinds of scenario analysis
As a result it coincide substantially with small watershed actual conditions in 2017, surface the method for the present invention has practical application value, and easy to operate, warp
It repeats, test of many times, calculates, accuracy rate is up to 99% or more.
The present invention calculates there are two the purposes of maximal workload, first is that pollutant discharge in compliance with the standard is realized, second is that calculating pollution
Object residue load provides theory support for sewage treatment plant's enlarging.Applicable object of the invention is typical northern small watershed river
Stream, the exceeded quick emergency calculation method of pollutant maximal workload have certain scientific and effective property, operating process fast and easy,
Avoid previous many and diverse pollutant Emergency management system, have the characteristics that simply, it is efficiently strong with replicability, can be targeted
Ground provides a kind of quick emergency method, can identify the exceeded situation of small watershed pollutants discharged into rivers maximal workload in a short time, have
Effect solves northern small watershed Mixing Coefficient in Rectangular Channels maximal workload excessive problem, can adjust in time to pollute for river management and look forward into river
Industry pollutant discharge amount implements water transfer offer technical support, reduces the contaminated degree in river to the full extent and promotes water environment
Quality, economic and social benefit are significant.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of exceeded quick emergency calculation method of small watershed Mixing Coefficient in Rectangular Channels maximal workload, which is characterized in that including following
Step:
(1) it based on small watershed river water outlet section many years daily average water discharge data, arranges, calculates by sequence from big to small
More than or equal to a certain flow proportion, flow and corresponding proportion relationship line graph, as flow duration curve are drawn:
PQ=n/N formula (1)
In formula 1, PQFor the percentage beyond corresponding daily average water discharge Q, %；N is the number more than or equal to daily average water discharge Q；N is more
Year daily average water discharge total number；
According to GB3838-2002 " water environment quality standard ", by I~V class standard water quality objective of small watershed pollutants discharged into rivers
Value obtains pollutants discharged into rivers maximum daily load multiplied by flow duration curve, draws pollutant maximum daily load and daily average water discharge Q item
Proportion relationship line graph, as load duration curve are corresponded under part:
L=KQC formula (2)
In formula 2, L is maximum daily load, unit t/d under daily average water discharge Q；K be unit conversion coefficient, 0.0864；Q is corresponding
Daily average water discharge value, unit m3/s；C is pollutants discharged into rivers water quality objective concentration under specified water environment quality standard classification
Value, unit mg/L；
(2) small watershed river historical summary data are combined, check sewage treatment plant's River contaminant drain outlet position in basin perimeter, and receive
It is practical to add up to summarize pollutants discharged into rivers within the scope of monitoring cycle for the synchronous on-line monitoring hydrology-water quality data of collection combing sewage treatment plant
Load；
(3) any scheduled date daily average water discharge Q data is given, using the flow duration curve of small watershed water outlet section, is obtained
Percentage beyond corresponding daily average water discharge Q, recycles load duration curve, reads pollutants discharged into rivers maximal workload；
(4) it under the conditions of given small watershed river water outlet section any scheduled date daily average water discharge Q data, compares and is polluted into river
Object maximum daily load amount and practical daily load numerical quantity size are born when the practical daily load amount of pollutants discharged into rivers is less than or equal to maximum day
Lotus amount, contaminating enterprises maintain parent pollutant to drain into river status；When the practical daily load amount of pollutants discharged into rivers is greater than maximum daily load
Amount, calculate the pollutant fluxes amount of needs, according to each contaminating enterprises' pollutant it is practical enter river measure accounting, to each contaminating enterprises pollute
Object enters river amount and carries out equal proportion reduction；In the case where each contaminating enterprises' pollutant, which enters river amount, to be cut down, in conjunction with small watershed reality
Border water transfer lock distribution situation, calculates water diversion volume, and in due course water transfer prevents small watershed Mixing Coefficient in Rectangular Channels maximal workload exceeded.
2. the exceeded quick emergency calculation method of small watershed Mixing Coefficient in Rectangular Channels maximal workload according to claim 1, special
Sign is that the drafting flow duration curve, method is: collecting 4 years daily average water discharge numbers of small watershed river water outlet section
Value, and arranged according to sequence from big to small, the percentage beyond corresponding daily average water discharge is calculated, beyond corresponding daily average water discharge
Percentage is abscissa, and corresponding flow is ordinate, draws flow duration curve；And equally beyond corresponding daily average water discharge
Percentage is abscissa, and corresponding discharge is ordinate with the product of corresponding pollutant water quality objective value, draws load duration curve.
3. the exceeded quick emergency calculation method of small watershed Mixing Coefficient in Rectangular Channels maximal workload according to claim 1, special
Sign is, the small watershed river is northern River pollution, tributary be mostly natural runoff import, water it is smaller, to entering river dirt
When dye object actual load is calculated, river amount is entered according to Wastewater Treatment along the river, and sewage treatment plant is built in river
Road An Chu, pollutant discharge amount are equal to pollutant and enter river amount, determine each sewage treatment plant's River contaminant drain outlet position, and collect sewage
The real-time pollutant discharge amount online monitoring data for the treatment of plant, each Wastewater Treatment drain into the sum of river amount i.e. small stream thus
Domain pollutants discharged into rivers actual load.
4. the exceeded quick emergency calculation method of small watershed Mixing Coefficient in Rectangular Channels maximal workload according to claim 1, special
Sign is that the given any scheduled date daily average water discharge Q data of small watershed river water outlet section is calculated small with this data
Pollutant maximum daily load amount and practical daily load amount under the water outlet section different quality goal condition of basin, compare point
Analysis maintains the normal discharge of contaminating enterprises when practical daily load amount is less than or equal to maximum daily load amount；When practical daily load amount is big
In maximum daily load amount, contaminated section is determined, river amount is entered to contaminating enterprises' pollutant emission and carries out equal proportion reduction and water transfer；
River amount accounting is drained into according to each Wastewater Treatment within the scope of small watershed, river amount is drained into Wastewater Treatment
Equal proportion reduction is carried out, i.e., whether first according to each Wastewater Treatment concentration of emission and discharge standard, verifying has at sewage
Factory's discharge beyond standards are managed, if so, then needing to be subject to strict control to sewage treatment plant, if occurring without discharge beyond standards phenomenon, are needed
River amount accounting is drained into according to each sewage treatment plant, equal proportion cuts down Wastewater Treatment and drains into river amount；Then, in reality
When border Wastewater Treatment cannot be cut down, need to consider water transfer, make small watershed pollutant emission enter river amount water body most
Within the scope of big permission；According to corresponding position relationship, small watershed pollutants discharged into rivers material balance relationship formula is established:
In formula, Q0For small watershed water inlet section flow value, unit m3/s；Q1For 1 flow value of River contaminant drain outlet, unit m3/
s；QAFor 1 position flow value of River contaminant drain outlet, unit m3/s；QIt adjustsFor water transfer mouth flow value, unit m3/s；QBFor
Water transfer mouth position flow value, unit m3/s；Q is small watershed water outlet section flow value, unit m3/s；C0It is small
Basin water inlet section pollutant concentration value, unit mg/L；C1For 1 pollutant concentration value of River contaminant drain outlet, unit mg/L；
CAFor 1 position pollutant concentration value of River contaminant drain outlet, unit mg/L；CIt adjustsFor water transfer mouth pollutant concentration value, unit
For mg/L；CBFor water transfer mouth position pollutant concentration value, unit mg/L；C is small watershed water outlet section difference water
Pollutant concentration value under matter goal condition, unit mg/L；x1For small watershed water inlet section to 1 position of River contaminant drain outlet
Distance, unit m；x2For 1 position of River contaminant drain outlet to water transfer mouth position distance, unit m；x3For water transfer mouth institute
In position to small watershed water outlet section distance, unit m；K section degradation of pollutant coefficient thus, unit d-1；The river thus u
Section mean flow rate, unit m/s；
Water diversion volume are as follows:
The determination of attenuation coefficient k empirically Y-factor method Y and using no sewage draining exit and branch afflux section pollutant monitoring data into
Row calculates two methods and determines, flow speed data is measured at investigation scene with flow meters；
Attenuation coefficient is calculated using no sewage draining exit section pollutant monitoring data, calculation formula is as follows:
In formula: C is no sewage draining exit and branch afflux section end section pollutant monitoring concentration, unit mg/L；The section thus k
Degradation of pollutant coefficient, unit d-1；X section length thus, unit m；U average section of river flow velocity thus, unit m/s；Generation
Enter formula (4), formula (5), obtain small watershed river actual needs water diversion volume calculation formula:
In formula, Q0For small watershed water inlet section flow value, unit m3/s；Q1For 1 flow value of River contaminant drain outlet, unit m3/
s；QIt adjustsFor water transfer mouth flow value, unit m3/s；Q2For 2 flow value of River contaminant drain outlet, unit m3/s；Q3For River contaminant drain outlet 3
Flow value, unit m3/s；Q4For 4 flow value of River contaminant drain outlet, unit m3/s；Q5For 5 flow value of River contaminant drain outlet, unit
For m3/s；Q is small watershed water outlet section flow value, unit m3/s；C0For small watershed water inlet section pollutant concentration value,
Unit is mg/L；C1For 1 pollutant concentration value of River contaminant drain outlet, unit mg/L；CIt adjustsFor water transfer mouth pollutant concentration value, unit
For mg/L；C2For 2 pollutant concentration value of River contaminant drain outlet, unit mg/L；C3For 3 pollutant concentration value of River contaminant drain outlet, unit
For mg/L；C4For 4 pollutant concentration value of River contaminant drain outlet, unit mg/L；C5For 5 pollutant concentration value of River contaminant drain outlet, unit
For mg/L；C is pollutant concentration value under small watershed water outlet section different quality goal condition, unit mg/L；x1For small stream
Domain water inlet section is to 1 position distance of River contaminant drain outlet, unit m；x2For 1 position of River contaminant drain outlet to water transfer mouth
Position distance, unit m；x3For water transfer mouth position to 2 position distance of River contaminant drain outlet, unit m；x4For
2 position of River contaminant drain outlet is to 3 position distance of River contaminant drain outlet, unit m；x5For 3 position of River contaminant drain outlet
To 4 position distance of River contaminant drain outlet, unit m；x6It is in place to 5 institute of River contaminant drain outlet for 4 position of River contaminant drain outlet
Set distance, unit m；x7For 5 position of River contaminant drain outlet to small watershed water outlet section distance, unit m；The river thus k
Section degradation of pollutant coefficient, unit d-1；U average section of river flow velocity thus, unit m/s；
According to the practical calculation formula (6) of water diversion volume, water diversion volume needed for calculating makes this small watershed pollutant emission enter river amount in water
Within the scope of the pollutional load that body allows.
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