CN107563139A - A kind of point source sudden water pollution source accident source percentage contribution computational methods - Google Patents
A kind of point source sudden water pollution source accident source percentage contribution computational methods Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to point source sudden water pollution source accident source percentage contribution computational methods; can effectively solve the problems, such as that river basins are quickly traced to the source to protect with environmental management of river catchment; method is, according to basin nature geography characteristic watershed, to determine the control area corresponding to watershed control section；Using Pollution Source Monitoring data, pollution sources statistics, watershed presence of pollution sources carries out budget；Using one-dimensional and unsteady state water quality model, basin pollution sources and section water quality response relation are established；Basin presence of pollution sources contribution coefficient is calculated using pollution sources and section water quality response relation; characterize pollution sources percentage contribution; the inventive method novel and unique, easy to operate, it is accurate to calculate; efficiency high; existing pollution sources Back ground Information is made full use of, feeds back river control section presence of pollution sources situation rapidly in a short time, locks pollution sources relatively large to cross section of river water quality percentage contribution in basin; traced to the source for basin pollution and support is provided, effective for the environmental protection and improvement to river.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to river basins environmental protection, particularly a kind of point source sudden water pollution source accident source contribution journey
Spend computational methods.
Background technology
Water is Source of life, is the primary basis for maintaining Sustainable Development of Ecological Environment, with industrialization and new city
The propulsion of town process, the basin water environment in China face new challenges, and water contamination accident takes place frequently, to water quality of river safety and
Masses' health constitutes a threat to.Therefore, the relevant information of pollution sources is quickly and accurately grasped, it is very heavy for emergency disposal
Will.
At present, domestic and foreign scholars have studied a variety of river polluting status accident source algorithms, be broadly divided into following a few classes：
First, pollution sources are inferred by trace method or multivariate statistics analysis；Second, determine pollution sources position using pollution sources search theory method
Put；Third, applied probability statistical method identifies water pollution source item.
Existing method respectively has advantage and disadvantage, but is the problem of exist, and due to the technical problem of method in itself, reply burst is dirty
When tracing to the source of dye event, pollution workload of tracing to the source can be caused big, take considerable time energy, it is impossible to timely and effectively carry out pollution
Source investigation, work of tracing to the source, influence the management and improvement to river basins, are unfavorable for the protection to river environment, therefore, how to carry
For a kind of point source sudden water pollution source accident source percentage contribution computational methods, so far there are no is publicly reported.
The content of the invention
For the above situation, to overcome the defect of prior art, it is sudden that the purpose of the present invention is just to provide a kind of point source
Pollution entering the water accident source percentage contribution computational methods, can effectively solve river basins and quickly trace to the source and environmental management of river catchment protection
The problem of.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves is a kind of point source sudden water pollution source accident source percentage contribution calculating side
Method, according to basin nature geography characteristic watershed, determine the control area corresponding to watershed control section；Utilize Pollution Source Monitoring
Data, pollution sources statistics, watershed presence of pollution sources carry out budget；Using one-dimensional and unsteady state water quality model, basin dirt is established
Dye source and section water quality response relation；Basin presence of pollution sources contribution coefficient is calculated using pollution sources and section water quality response relation,
Pollution sources percentage contribution is characterized, specifically includes following steps：
(1), according to river basins nature geography characteristic, the data of basin water system, scope and administrative region scope are included, really
Control area corresponding to constant current domain river control section, using ArcGIS softwares, obtain basin boundary, the administration of river region
Boundary line and water quality cross section place mark, water catchment area is extracted using the Hydrology Modeling modules in ArcGIS softwares
Domain；
(2), using Pollution Source Monitoring data and pollution sources statistics, pollutant (source) forecasting of discharged quantity in watershed：
Pollutant discharge amount prediction is divided into point source and non-point source two parts, and point source is industrial source and life source, non-point source are
Agricultural non-point source pollution, budget obtain each city, county's pollutant discharge amount, according to the distribution situation in river, according to pollution sources collection middle position
Put, river control area is allocated to pollutant；
(3), using river gridding, EFDC hydrodynamic models, basin pollution sources and section water quality response relation are established, wrapped
Include river gridding, EFDC hydrodynamic models primary condition and boundary condition are set, parameter calibration and checking, model calibration with
Checking；
(4), determine that basin presence of pollution sources percentage contribution judges using pollution sources and section water quality response relation：
The hydrodynamics water quality model established using EFDC calculates genes’ contamination ratio, background concn zero, by Single Pollution
1 unit blowdown load is given in source, and other pollution sources pollutional loads are zero, are calculated using hydrodynamics water quality model this
In the case of concentration distribution, determine genes’ contamination ratio of the unit pollutional load to each water quality monitoring point of the pollution sources,
Change pollution sources, repeat step (4), draw the contribution rate coefficient of each pollution sources, pollution sources percentage contribution is characterized, so as to realize
The calculating of the percentage contribution of each pollution sources.
Present invention aims at provide a kind of science, point source burst Pollution thing in river applied widely, strong operability
Therefore trace to the source and percentage contribution methods of exhibiting, to make up the deficiency of existing method complex operation, computing duration etc., method is novel solely
Spy, easy to operate, it is accurate to calculate, efficiency high, existing pollution sources information is combined with stable state and dynamic, based on One-dimensional River
Unstable state water quality model, establish river point source abrupt polluting accident and trace to the source and percentage contribution decision method, it is fast to adapt to basin
The demand that speed is traced to the source and environmental management of river catchment efficiency improves, makes full use of existing pollution sources Back ground Information, can be in the short period
Interior rapid feedback river control section presence of pollution sources situation, is locked relatively large to cross section of river water quality percentage contribution in basin
Pollution sources, traced to the source for basin pollution and support is provided, it is huge effective for the environmental protection and improvement to river, economic and social benefit
Greatly.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the process chart of the present invention.
The river control area that Fig. 2 is the present invention divides route map.
Fig. 3 is that certain river A sections survey COD concentration values and simulated concentration value contrast curve.
Fig. 4 is that certain river A sections survey ammonia nitrogen concentration value and simulated concentration value contrast curve.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is elaborated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and concrete condition.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is in specific implementation, a kind of point source sudden water pollution source accident source percentage contribution meter
Calculation method, comprises the following steps：
(1), according to river basins nature geography characteristic, the data of basin water system, scope and administrative region scope are included, really
Control area corresponding to constant current domain river control section：
According to《Water body target Scheme establishment technique guide》Control unit refinement decomposition technique in (tentative), collecting zone
The dem data of Fundamental Geographic Information System, basin boundary, administrative division, the data of quality in watershed control section distribution map, utilize
ArcGIS softwares, basin boundary, administrative boundary and the water quality cross section place mark of river region are obtained, using ArcGIS softwares
In Hydrology Modeling modules extraction watershed, according to watershed, Administrative boundaries, control section be distributed feelings
Condition, on the basis of water system integrality is ensured, administrative map and basin drainage map are overlapped, determine that cross section of river institute is right
The control area answered；
(2), using Pollution Source Monitoring data and pollution sources statistics, pollutant (source) forecasting of discharged quantity in watershed：
Pollutant discharge amount prediction is divided into point source and non-point source two parts, and point source is industrial source and life source, non-point source are
Agricultural non-point source pollution；
Point source budget distinguishes budget according to data with different situation, for state, saves the sewage treatment plant for controlling major polluting sources, enterprise
Industry, it is preferential to use on-line monitoring data, including sewage treatment plant's title, position, wastewater discharge and pollutant emission be dense
Degree, wastewater discharge is monitored according to point source and is multiplied by river pollutant sources budget pollutants discharged into rivers amount；
Wherein the general value of industrial pollutants river pollutant sources be 0.8~1.0, urban life pollutant value be 0.6~
1.0, life in the countryside pollutant value 0.2~0.5；
For other point pollution sources then according to environmental statistic data, the industrial enterprise of sewage treatment plant is not discharged into waste water
Waste water and pollutant discharge amount carry out budget；
Life source for dissipating row handles number then according to statistical yearbook data with reference to urban wastewater treatment firm sewage collecting
According to urban life source waste water and pollutant discharge amount progress budget to not accessing sewage treatment plant, when region does not count sewage
Handling rate is collected, then according to consensus data, sanitary sewage total emission volumn is calculated using discharge coefficient method, subtracts sewage disposal
Factory is actual to receive water inventory, and remaining amount is uncollected sanitary sewage amount, i.e., in line sanitary sewage amount, in line sanitary sewage concentration
Determined according to the mean concentration of various regions sewage treatment plant inflow COD, ammonia nitrogen；
Specific formula for calculation is：
WRaw P=NNotα, NNot=N (1- γ)
In formula, WRaw PFor the in line amount of domestic pollutant, NNotNot access the population of sewage network part, N is survey region
Population, γ are survey region sewage collecting handling rate；α is life discharge coefficient (see the table below), and sanitary sewage discharge capacity is pressed
According to《Each pollution sources production discharge coefficient handbook of national Pollutant source investigation for the first time》In water emission factor corresponding to the class of 3rd area five
(150~170L/ people) is estimated；
Domestic pollution source major pollutants discharge coefficient list
Non-point Source Pollutants include resident living pollutant, livestock and poultry cultivation is produced and polluted caused by pollutant and planting industry
Thing, wherein resident living pollution sources, livestock and poultry cultivation produce pollutant and pressed《National Water Environmental capacity appraises and decides technical manual》(Chinese ring
Border planning institute, 2003) the production dirt coefficient in is calculated, rural area COD yields 40g/d, ammonia nitrogen yield 4g/d per capita, livestock and poultry
The COD discharge capacitys that breeding pollution thing yield converts into every pig by standard are 17.9g/ head days, and ammonia nitrogen discharge capacity is 3.6g/
Head day, planting industry pollutant source emission are pressed《National Pollutant source investigation for the first time：Fertilizer loss coefficient handbook》Middle fertilizer loss
Coefficient and background number of dropouts；
Budget obtains each city, county's pollutant discharge amount, according to the distribution situation in river, according to pollution sources concentrated position, river
Flow control region is allocated to pollutant；
(3), using river gridding (EFDC) hydrodynamic model, basin pollution sources and section water quality response relation are established,
Method is：
1) river gridding：Rectangular mesh and orthogonal curve grid are identified using EFDC hydrodynamic models, grown for river small
Divided using Delft3d in 200km river, divided for river length more than more than 200km rivers using CVL；
2) EFDC hydrodynamic models primary condition is set with boundary condition：The initial depth of water and initial concentration are set；
3) parameter calibration and checking：The parameter being related in EFDC one-dimensional models has Manning's roughness coefficient n and pollution factor
Synthesis degradation coefficient k；
Manning's roughness coefficient n reflections be section resistance to water-flow characteristic, empirically coefficient, different river courses it is graceful peaceful thick
Rough coefficient empirical value such as following table：
The Manning's roughness coefficient in different river courses
Comprehensive degradation coefficient k determination uses the method that empirical coefficient method and model calibration are combined, first according to river
Situation determines comprehensive degradation coefficient k using empirical coefficient1, k is utilized when establishing one-dimensional water quality model1Carry out model calibration and
Checking, if utilizing k1It is worth analog result error and is more than 30%, then needs to adjust comprehensive degradation coefficient, if utilizing k1It is worth analog result
Less than 30%, it is determined that comprehensive degradation coefficient k=k1。
4) calibration of model and checking：Using the hydrology, water quality data and analogue data of actual measurement, calculating simulation value and actual measurement
The relative error of value, calibration, the validity for verifying model configuration；
The calculation formula of relative error is as follows：
δ=Δ/L × 100%
In formula：δ is practical relative error, is provided with percentage；△ is absolute error；L is measured value；
(4), determine that basin presence of pollution sources percentage contribution judges using pollution sources and section water quality response relation：
The hydrodynamics water quality model established using EFDC calculates genes’ contamination ratio, background concn zero, by Single Pollution
1 unit blowdown load is given in source, and other pollution sources pollutional loads are zero, are calculated using hydrodynamics water quality model this
In the case of concentration distribution, determine genes’ contamination ratio of the unit pollutional load to each water quality monitoring point of the pollution sources,
Change pollution sources, repeat step (4), draw the contribution rate coefficient of each pollution sources, pollution sources percentage contribution is characterized, so as to realize
The calculating of the percentage contribution of each pollution sources.
Described EFDC hydrodynamic models are used for the mould of one-dimensional, two-dimentional, three-dimensional flow field, hydrodynamic force, silt and ecological process
Intend, by selecting the ratio of currently used water quality, hydrodynamic model, first, hydrodynamic force and water quality can be simulated simultaneously, make hydrodynamic(al)
Power analogue data and water quality data can be linked up preferably；Second, simulation of water quality can realize it is one-dimensional, two-dimentional or even three-dimensional
Simulation；Third, EFDC software models have open source code, convenient secondary development and optimization to software；
EFDC hydrodynamic models include：
1) hydrodynamic force module：
Hydrodynamic Process meets the basic law of the conservation of mass, the conservation of momentum and the conservation of energy, hydrodynamics module
The equation of (type) is：
In formula：X is that river course longitudinal coordinate or river are grown, unit m；T is the time, unit s；A is river cross-section area, unit
m2；B is river width, unit m；H is the depth of water, unit m；Z is water level, unit m；Q is flow, unit m3/s；Q imports for river course effluent
Or the flow of outflow, unit m3/s；U is mean velocity in section, unit m/s；R is river course hydraulic radius, unit m；n1dFor river course
Roughness；
2) water quality module：
Water quality module can simulate water quality parameter, the conservation of mass governing equation of water quality variable from room and time distribution
It is made up of the defeated shifting of material, advection diffusion and kinetics equation：
Wherein, u, v, w represent x, y, z direction velocity component；C is water quality index variable concentration, unit mg/L；Kx、Ky、Kz
The respectively diffusion coefficient in x, y, z direction, unit 1/d；Sc is unit volume source sink term.
Described control unit refinement decomposition technique includes data preparation, Hydrologic response units division, water catchment area cutting, knot
The part of fruit amendment four：
1. data prepares：Administrative boundaries at different levels, the arrow of water system sediments in the working range of Fundamental Geographic Information System should be collected
Measure data, the Inter-regional hinging section of key control node, routine monitoring section, important hydrology website and gate dam, important branch
Flow into river mouth, important pollution sources sewage draining exit, the water environmental function zone of people's government at the provincial level's reply of types of functionality zoning, earth's surface
The data of water environmental function zone, drinking water source protection zoning, and each function of water body zoning target is reflected on polar plot；
2. Hydrologic response units divide：Small-sized water catchment area Hydrologic response units divide what is used manual extraction or automatically extract
Method；
A) manual extraction：Using Digital height model (DEM or contour map), ridge and corrie are identified, extracts river course
And watershed, flat country are extracted with reference to highway, trail, Administrative boundaries；
Since river mouth, river mouth is returned along watershed, delineates out the polygon of a closing, forms a closure rill
Domain, extraction result is compared with existing water resources regionalization figure at the same level, adjustment differs larger border；
Using actual drainage map, the border small watershed and river mouth river outlet are adjusted, should ensure that a section only
In a basin, the river course and pond of manual amendment can be neglected；
B) automatically extract：Based on GIS platform and dem data, using the Hydrology Modeling in ArcGIS softwares
Module automatically extracts Hydrologic response units, basic operational steps：It is loaded into the DEM without depression；Flow direction analysis；Calculate flowing water accumulation
Amount；Extract river network；Watershed Analysis；Grid changes into vector；Basin Boundary merges, and is rung according to the detailed drainage map adjustment hydrology
Answer unit, when automatically extracting Hydrologic response units, setup unit quantity should be more than predetermined final element number, to merge and
Adjustment；
3. water catchment area is cut：Cut with the Hydrologic response units that the administrative area bound pairs at different levels of polygon attribute are formed,
Establish the corresponding relation of Hydrologic response units and each administrative area；
4. modified result：With reference to charge for remittance feature in key control node and water catchment area, administrative area-Hydrologic response units are had
Machine merge, establish " key control node-control section-correspondence land-based area " land and water response relation, according to topographic map, water catchment area,
Enter He Hu tributaries factor, the land-based area scope based on Administrative boundaries division next stage control unit.
The present invention is through site test and application, and method is feasible, and achieves good advantageous effects, with Henan Province
Exemplified by river, specific experiment and applicable cases are as follows：
(1) according to watershed control region partitioning method, the waters scope of watershed control unit is determined, it is basic through collecting zone
Geographic information data, including dem data, basin boundary, administrative division, quality in watershed control section profile information, utilize
ArcGIS softwares, basin boundary, administrative boundary and water quality cross section place mark are obtained, using in ArcGIS softwares
Hydrology Modeling modules extract watershed, are distributed feelings according to watershed, with reference to Administrative boundaries, control section
Condition, administrative map and basin drainage map are overlapped on the basis of water system integrality is ensured, determine that cross section of river institute is right
The control area answered.
(2) watershed presence of pollution sources carries out budget, according to online Pollution Source Monitoring data and pollution sources statistics, convection current
Pollutant carries out budget in domain, as a result as shown in table 2-7.
The basin key monitoring enterprise waters in 2014 of table 2 and water quality basic condition
The annual flow of 3 basin key monitoring sewage treatment plant of table 2014 and water quality basic condition
The province of table 4 has jurisdiction over certain river valley investigation enterprise water situation list
Enterprise's water and water quality situation list are not investigated in the non-emphasis source of certain river valley of table 5
| Districts and cities | A cities | B cities | C cities |
| Wastewater flow rate (m3/s) | 0.029 | 0.017 | - |
| COD concentration (mg/L) | 139.74 | 201.85 | - |
| Ammonia nitrogen concentration (mg/L) | 12.10 | 7.50 | - |
Certain the river life in the countryside source emission situation of table 6
The basin agricultural area source pollutants emission behaviour of table 7
(3) EFDC hydrodynamic models are utilized, establish certain river valley pollution sources and section water quality response relation, certain monitoring section
Simulate COD concentration and measured concentration, simulation ammonia nitrogen concentration and measured concentration result as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4；
(4) determine that basin presence of pollution sources percentage contribution judges using pollution sources and section water quality response relation, it is as a result as follows
Table：
Enterprise's point source sudden water pollution source accident source percentage contribution, experiment and field test result are characterized so as to realize
It is consistent,
And through have also been made same experiment to other 3 rivers, achieve or phase identical with certain river application result
Approximate result, will not enumerate, and show that method is reliable and stable, has very strong actual application value, can be effectively used for a little
The calculating of source sudden water pollution source accident source percentage contribution, pollution sources percentage contribution is characterized, is effectively ensured to river basins
The protection of environment and improve environmental management of river catchment governance efficiency, management governance efficiency improves more than 50%, have huge economy and
Social benefit.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of point source sudden water pollution source accident source percentage contribution computational methods, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1), according to river basins nature geography characteristic, the data of basin water system, scope and administrative region scope are included, it is determined that flowing
Control area corresponding to domain river control section, using ArcGIS softwares, obtain basin boundary, the administrative boundary of river region
And water quality cross section place mark, watershed is extracted using the Hydrology Modeling modules in ArcGIS softwares；
(2), using Pollution Source Monitoring data and pollution sources statistics, pollutant discharge amount prediction in watershed：
Pollutant discharge amount prediction is divided into point source and non-point source two parts, and point source is industrial source and life source, and non-point source is agricultural
Pollution of area source, budget obtain each city, county's pollutant discharge amount, according to the distribution situation in river, according to pollution sources concentrated position, river
Flow control region is allocated to pollutant；
(3), using river gridding, EFDC hydrodynamic models, basin pollution sources and section water quality response relation, including river are established
Drift net is formatted, EFDC hydrodynamic models primary condition is set with boundary condition, parameter calibration and checking, the calibration of model are with testing
Card；
(4), determine that basin presence of pollution sources percentage contribution judges using pollution sources and section water quality response relation：
The hydrodynamics water quality model established using EFDC calculates genes’ contamination ratio, background concn zero, 1 is given by Single Pollution source
Individual unit blowdown load, other pollution sources pollutional loads are zero, are calculated using hydrodynamics water quality model in such case
Under concentration distribution, determine genes’ contamination ratio of the unit pollutional load to each water quality monitoring point of the pollution sources, change
Pollution sources, repeat step (4), the contribution rate coefficient of each pollution sources is drawn, pollution sources percentage contribution is characterized, so as to realize each dirt
The calculating of the percentage contribution in dye source.
2. accident source percentage contribution computational methods in point source sudden water pollution source according to claim 1, its feature exist
In comprising the following steps：
(1), according to river basins nature geography characteristic, the data of basin water system, scope and administrative region scope are included, it is determined that flowing
Control area corresponding to domain river control section：
According to《Water body target Scheme establishment technique guide》Control unit refinement decomposition technique in (tentative), collecting zone basis
The dem data of geography information, basin boundary, administrative division, the data of quality in watershed control section distribution map, it is soft using ArcGIS
Part, basin boundary, administrative boundary and the water quality cross section place mark of river region are obtained, using in ArcGIS softwares
Hydrology Modeling modules extract watershed, according to watershed, Administrative boundaries, control section distribution situation,
On the basis of ensureing water system integrality, administrative map and basin drainage map are overlapped, determined corresponding to cross section of river
Control area；
(2), using Pollution Source Monitoring data and pollution sources statistics, pollutant discharge amount prediction in watershed：
Pollutant discharge amount prediction is divided into point source and non-point source two parts, and point source is industrial source and life source, and non-point source is agricultural
Pollution of area source；
Point source budget distinguishes budget according to data with different situation, and sewage treatment plant, the enterprise of major polluting sources are controlled for state, province,
On-line monitoring data, including sewage treatment plant's title, position, wastewater discharge and Pollutant emission concentration preferentially are used,
Wastewater discharge is monitored according to point source and is multiplied by river pollutant sources budget pollutants discharged into rivers amount；
Wherein industrial pollutants river pollutant sources value is 0.8~1.0, and urban life pollutant value is 0.6~1.0, rural area life
Pollutant value 0.2~0.5 living；
For other point pollution sources then according to environmental statistic data, the waste water of the industrial enterprise of sewage treatment plant is not discharged into waste water
And pollutant discharge amount carries out budget；
It is right with reference to urban wastewater treatment firm sewage collecting processing data for dissipating the life source arranged then according to statistical yearbook data
The urban life source waste water and pollutant discharge amount for not accessing sewage treatment plant carry out budget, when region is not counted at sewage collecting
Reason rate, then according to consensus data, sanitary sewage total emission volumn is calculated using discharge coefficient method, subtracts sewage treatment plant's reality
Water inventory is received, remaining amount is uncollected sanitary sewage amount, i.e., in line sanitary sewage amount, in line sanitary sewage concentration is according to each
Ground sewage treatment plant inflow COD, the mean concentration of ammonia nitrogen determine；
Specific formula for calculation is：
WRaw P=NNotα, NNot=N (1- γ)
In formula, WRaw PFor the in line amount of domestic pollutant, NNotNot access the population of sewage network part, N is survey region population
Sum, γ are survey region sewage collecting handling rate；α is life discharge coefficient, sanitary sewage discharge capacity according to《The whole nation for the first time
Each pollution sources production discharge coefficient handbook of Pollutant source investigation》In water emission factor corresponding to the class of 3rd area five with 150~170L/ people
Carry out budget；
Domestic pollution source major pollutants discharge coefficient list
Non-point Source Pollutants include resident living pollutant, livestock and poultry cultivation produces pollutant caused by pollutant and planting industry, its
Middle resident living pollution sources, livestock and poultry cultivation produce pollutant and pressed《National Water Environmental capacity appraises and decides technical manual》(Chinese environmental is advised
Draw institute, 2003) the production dirt coefficient in is calculated, rural area COD yields 40g/d, ammonia nitrogen yield 4g/d per capita, livestock and poultry cultivation
The COD discharge capacitys that pollutant yield converts into every pig by standard are 17.9g/ head days, and ammonia nitrogen discharge capacity is 3.6g/ heads
Day, planting industry pollutant source emission is pressed《National Pollutant source investigation for the first time：Fertilizer loss coefficient handbook》Middle fertilizer loss coefficient
With background number of dropouts；
Budget obtains each city, county's pollutant discharge amount, according to the distribution situation in river, according to pollution sources concentrated position, river control
Region processed is allocated to pollutant；
(3), using river gridding, EFDC hydrodynamic models, basin pollution sources and section water quality response relation, method are established
It is：
1) river gridding：Rectangular mesh and orthogonal curve grid are identified using EFDC hydrodynamic models, are less than for river length
200km river is divided using Delft3d, and the river grown for river more than more than 200km is divided using CVL；
2) EFDC hydrodynamic models primary condition is set with boundary condition：The initial depth of water and initial concentration are set；
3) parameter calibration and checking：The parameter being related in EFDC one-dimensional models has the comprehensive of Manning's roughness coefficient n and pollution factor
Close degradation coefficient k；
What Manning's roughness coefficient n reflected is the resistance to water-flow characteristic of section, empirically coefficient, the graceful peaceful coarse system in different river courses
Number empirical value such as following table：
The Manning's roughness coefficient in different river courses
Comprehensive degradation coefficient k determination uses the method that empirical coefficient method and model calibration are combined, first according to river regime
Comprehensive degradation coefficient k is determined using empirical coefficient1, k is utilized when establishing one-dimensional water quality model1Calibration and the checking of model are carried out,
If utilize k1It is worth analog result error and is more than 30%, then needs to adjust comprehensive degradation coefficient, if utilizing k1Value analog result is less than
30%, it is determined that comprehensive degradation coefficient k=k1；
4) calibration of model and checking：Using the hydrology, water quality data and analogue data of actual measurement, calculating simulation value and measured value
Relative error, calibration, the validity for verifying model configuration；
The calculation formula of relative error is as follows：
δ=Δ/L × 100%
In formula：δ is practical relative error, is provided with percentage；△ is absolute error；L is measured value；
(4), determine that basin presence of pollution sources percentage contribution judges using pollution sources and section water quality response relation：
The hydrodynamics water quality model established using EFDC calculates genes’ contamination ratio, background concn zero, 1 is given by Single Pollution source
Individual unit blowdown load, other pollution sources pollutional loads are zero, are calculated using hydrodynamics water quality model in such case
Under concentration distribution, determine genes’ contamination ratio of the unit pollutional load to each water quality monitoring point of the pollution sources, change
Pollution sources, repeat step (4), the contribution rate coefficient of each pollution sources is drawn, pollution sources percentage contribution is characterized, so as to realize each dirt
The calculating of the percentage contribution in dye source.
3. accident source percentage contribution computational methods in point source sudden water pollution source according to claim 1, its feature exist
In described EFDC hydrodynamic models are used for the simulation of one-dimensional, two-dimentional, three-dimensional flow field, hydrodynamic force, silt and ecological process, lead to
The ratio choosing to currently used water quality, hydrodynamic model is crossed, first, hydrodynamic force and water quality can be simulated simultaneously, makes hydrodynamic simulation
Data and water quality data can be linked up preferably；Second, simulation of water quality can realize one-dimensional, two-dimentional or even three-dimensional simulation；
Third, EFDC software models have open source code, convenient secondary development and optimization to software；
EFDC hydrodynamic models include：
1) hydrodynamic force module：
Hydrodynamic Process meets the basic law of the conservation of mass, the conservation of momentum and the conservation of energy, the equation of hydrodynamics module
Formula is：
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In formula：X is that river course longitudinal coordinate or river are grown, unit m；T is the time, unit s；A is river cross-section area, unit m2；B is
River width, unit m；H is the depth of water, unit m；Z is water level, unit m；Q is flow, unit m3/s；Q is that river course effluent is imported or flowed out
Flow, unit m3/s；U is mean velocity in section, unit m/s；R is river course hydraulic radius, unit m；n1dFor channel roughness；
2) water quality module：
Water quality module can simulate water quality parameter from room and time distribution, and the conservation of mass governing equation of water quality variable is by thing
The defeated shifting of matter, advection diffusion and kinetics equation composition：
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Wherein, u, v, w represent x, y, z direction velocity component；C is water quality index variable concentration, unit mg/L；Kx、Ky、KzRespectively
For the diffusion coefficient in x, y, z direction, unit 1/d；Sc is unit volume source sink term.
4. accident source percentage contribution computational methods in point source sudden water pollution source according to claim 1, its feature exist
In described control unit refinement decomposition technique includes data preparation, Hydrologic response units division, water catchment area is cut, result is repaiied
Positive four part：
1. data prepares：Administrative boundaries at different levels, the vector number of water system sediments in the working range of Fundamental Geographic Information System should be collected
According to Inter-regional hinging section, routine monitoring section, important hydrology website and the gate dam of key control node, important branch flow into
River mouth, important pollution sources sewage draining exit, water environmental function zone, the earth's surface water ring of people's government at the provincial level's reply of types of functionality zoning
The data of border function zoning, drinking water source protection zoning, and each function of water body zoning target is reflected on polar plot；
2. Hydrologic response units divide：Small-sized water catchment area Hydrologic response units division is using manual extraction or the side automatically extracted
Method；
A) manual extraction：Using Digital height model, ridge and corrie are identified, extracts river course and watershed, flat country ginseng
Extracted according to highway, trail, Administrative boundaries；
Since river mouth, river mouth is returned along watershed, delineates out the polygon of a closing, forms a closure small watershed,
Extraction result is compared with existing water resources regionalization figure at the same level, adjustment differs larger border；
Using actual drainage map, the border small watershed and river mouth river outlet are adjusted, should ensure that a section only one
In individual basin, the river course and pond of manual amendment can be neglected；
B) automatically extract：Based on GIS platform and dem data, using the Hydrology Modeling modules in ArcGIS softwares
Automatically extract Hydrologic response units, basic operational steps：It is loaded into the DEM without depression；Flow direction analysis；Calculate flowing water cumulant；Carry
Take river network；Watershed Analysis；Grid changes into vector；Basin Boundary merges, single according to detailed drainage map adjustment hydrology response
Member, when automatically extracting Hydrologic response units, setup unit quantity should be more than predetermined final element number, to merge and to adjust
It is whole；
3. water catchment area is cut：Cut, established with the Hydrologic response units that the administrative area bound pairs at different levels of polygon attribute are formed
Hydrologic response units and the corresponding relation in each administrative area；
4. modified result：With reference to charge for remittance feature in key control node and water catchment area, melt administrative area-Hydrologic response units are organic
Close, establish the land and water response relation of " key control node-control section-correspondence land-based area ", according to topographic map, water catchment area, enter river
Lake tributary factor, the land-based area scope based on Administrative boundaries division next stage control unit.
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