CN109083432A - A kind of pair of ancient building unrest joining seam formula rafter and purlin node carry out reinforcing repairerment method - Google Patents
A kind of pair of ancient building unrest joining seam formula rafter and purlin node carry out reinforcing repairerment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109083432A CN109083432A CN201810866412.1A CN201810866412A CN109083432A CN 109083432 A CN109083432 A CN 109083432A CN 201810866412 A CN201810866412 A CN 201810866412A CN 109083432 A CN109083432 A CN 109083432A
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- rafter
- rectangle
- purlin
- earthly branches
- twelve earthly
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
- E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
- E04G23/0218—Increasing or restoring the load-bearing capacity of building construction elements
Abstract
A kind of pair of ancient building unrest joining seam formula rafter and purlin node carry out reinforcing repairerment method, the hardwood dovetail threading lower part to complete is penetrated into the elongated dovetail fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches on purlin mouthful, one end of each rectangle plug tenon is planted again in the rectangle fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches mouthful for embracing rafter mouth to a semicircle, the other end of rectangle plug tenon is inserted into the fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches mouthful of a rafter head lower part and forms dowel, it is overlapped on rafter head in corresponding semicircle armful of rafter mouth, group installs all rectangle plug tenons and rafter head, on the basis of not changing raw material and construction technology, structure is repaired to the reinforcing at rafter wooden in ancient building roof construction layer and purlin node.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Conservation and Renovations of ancient building roofing timber structure layer, particularly relate to a kind of pair of ancient building unrest joining seam formula
Rafter and purlin node carry out reinforcing repairerment method.
Background technique
Rafter category large historic building wood member, is between the purlin and roof boarding in roof beam structure, and frame is on upper and lower purlin and purlin, by one
Fixed sequence or positive angle or oblique angle arrangement.Its section has circle and rectangular two kinds.According to its position, " rafter " has different appellations,
Such as: eave-rafter, brain rafter, intermediate rafter.Root it was found that rafter has just been used early in the epoch of " structure wood be nest ", but at that time due to
Roofing be face directly, so, what " rafter " actually play a part of is purlin, and the drop type roof of Han dynasty shows that Han dynasty has multistage
" rafter "；The curved roof of the Northern and Southern Dynasties results in the diversification of " rafter ".In feudal society, the production of " rafter " has sternly
The hierarchy of lattice, such as " national language " are once recorded: the palace " rafter " of emperor will not only polish, and also want textured；On nobility house
" rafter " can only polish；" rafter " on court official house is as long as cut circle.In short, constituting the component of historical timber frame
Other than beam, column, a tree, used in making timber for boats, purlin, there are also the plank bases such as the rafter of roofing, roof boarding and its Accessory Members.The arrangement of ancient building rafter
Form can be divided into: random joining seam and oblique slap two classes；Random joining seam refer to it is parallel between rafter head and rafter head rely on, it is oblique staggeredly, such as it is thorough
It is upper it is bright make roof beam structure, its rafter head can be peeped and be staggered state.The oblique palm refers to by ridge step, gold step and each step rafter head such as eaves portion, according to raising-and-depression
Scale is sawn into inclined-plane, is allowed to be overlapped intersection up and down when following closely rafter, and followed closely and reinforced with rafter.
Ancient building wood roof decking, which refers to, is formed by structure sheaf between the wooden rafter and the wood sheathing held thereon, it is to ancient architecture
The health for building roofing plays very important effect.Since ancient building roof truss is timber structure, if wood roof decking grain is rotten or damaged,
It must lead to roofing ash backing layer cracking, roof roof leaking, cause roof system grain is rotten to rot, and then influence whole building gallows timber
Stress intensity.The roofing of ancient building is complicated structural system, rafter bear by roof boarding transmitting Lai roof load, and by this
For a little load Transmit evenlies to purlin, wherein whether rafter has enough intensity and bearing capacity, and can be effectively by roofing
Load Transmit evenly is an important indicator for investigating ancient building roof-bearing system to purlin purlin.It can be seen that rafter is exactly
Strong " bodyguard " of ancient building roof construction layer.Component one of of the rafter as wood roof decking, directly with the ash in grey backing layer
Mud contact, last a very long time, roof leakage will cause roof boarding and the grain of rafter is rotten；So the reinforcing of rafter is historic building structure
Frequently problem in renovation project.
Currently, China is in the Conservation and Renovation engineering of ancient building wood roof decking, it is rotten for random joining seam rafter grain to rot sternly
Weight, when needing replacing new part, the strengthening by reparative method measure taken at rafter and purlin node is: removing watt part of roofing, shovel falls
Roofing mud backing layer, throws off roof boarding, and the rotten rafter of grain of dismantling more renews part；Rafter head is dug out into rafter eye in advance, is worn with a root long iron bar
Enter rafter eye several rafters are connected, this iron bar is known as " the rafter tip ", is worn together rafter using the rafter tip, to prevent rafter from existing
(as shown in Figure 1) is moved left and right at purlin overlapped node.This traditional repairerment measure can bring following drawback: firstly, this
Although kind of utilization penetrates iron bar, fixed measure rigidity is stronger, and flexibility, anti-torsion ability are insufficient；In case of ground unevenly sinks
Drop or earth shock be easy to cause the loosening of iron bar Yu rafter connecting portion, cause reinforcement effect to fail, to make rafter node
Safety be still on the hazard.In addition, iron bar is chronically exposed in air, since oxidation generates corrosion, inevitably result in
Iron bar tensile strength weakens, so that rafter be caused to loosen displacement at node.Secondly, changing ancient architecture when ironware reinforcing joint
The raw material and construction technology of timber structure are built, and it is to achieve the purpose that reinforcing by way of " insertion " that iron bar, which reinforces rafter, this
The irreversible reinforcing Restoration Techniques of kind are also unfavorable for ancient building roofing timber structure base not only bad for the maintenance or replacement of rafter
Protection.
Summary of the invention
It is reinforced in order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of pair of ancient building unrest joining seam formula rafter with purlin node
Repairerment method, on the basis of not changing raw material and construction technology, to rafter wooden in ancient building roof construction layer and purlin node
Structure is repaired in the reinforcing at place.
To realize the above-mentioned technical purpose, used technical solution is: a kind of pair of ancient building unrest joining seam formula rafter and purlin section
Point carries out reinforcing repairerment method, it is characterised in that:
Step 1: in purlin upper surface and rafter lap-joint, along purlin, axially one road shape of chiseling is down big up small elongated dovetail
The fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches mouthful recycles hardwood to make the dovetail threading that a lower shape and elongated dovetail fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches mouth exactly match spare；
Step 2: calculating the center between adjacent rafter away from according still further to the center between adjacent rafter according to house standard width of a room in an old-style house size
Each rafter and purlin overlapped points position are marked away from the dovetail threading upper surface that obtains in step 1, with these overlapped points positions is
The heart respectively chisels out the semicircle greater than rafter rafter diameter 1-2cm and embraces rafter mouth；Then, position is chiseled among each semicircle armful of rafter mouth
One rectangle fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches mouthful, then several rectangle plug tenons identical with semicircle armful of rafter mouth number are made with hardwood, and in each rafter
Rafter head lower part and semicircle Bao Chuankou lap-joint chisel the identical rectangle fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches mouthful, and semicircle embraces the rectangle fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches mouthful and rafter head in rafter mouth
The shape of shape and rectangle plug tenon after the rectangle fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches mouthful split of lower part matches；
Step 3: the hardwood dovetail threading lower part that step 2 completes is penetrated into the elongated dovetail fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches on purlin mouthful
In, then one end of each rectangle plug tenon planted in the rectangle fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches mouthful for embracing rafter mouth to semicircle, the other end of rectangle plug tenon
It is inserted into the fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches mouthful of a rafter head lower part and forms dowel, be overlapped on rafter head in corresponding semicircle armful of rafter mouth, group installs all
Rectangle plug tenon and rafter head, complete ancient building unrest joining seam formula rafter and purlin joint reinforcing is repaired.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Firstly, this patent can adhere to utilizing dovetail threading using on original material and the principle basis of construction technology
With the reinforcing mode that rectangle plug tenon combines, the shearing strength of rafter and purlin position of joints in wood roof decking, flexible is improved
Property and anti-torsion performance, and then the overall structural strength of ancient building wood roof decking is improved, it is damaged roofing can be substantially reduced
Probability, reduce roof maintenance number.
Secondly, this patent uses traditional wood materials, fixed knot is combined with the dark plug tenon of rectangle by dovetail threading
Structure system efficiently solves the reinforcing at random joining seam formula rafter and purlin node and repairs, and practical operation process is also relatively simple, favorably
In environmental protection, and the labor intensity of maintenance construction is substantially reduced, and during ancient building roofing Conservation and Renovation, can either passed on
The material way of system, while again with the invertibity in engineering technology, all Tenon plug-in units need to only be replaced when repairing again
?.
Therefore, this patent has huge advantage in terms of ancient building wood roof decking reinforces maintenance engineering, it meets historical relic
Principle is repaired, there is scientific and normalization, and economical and practical, future there will be vast potential for future development.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that existing ancient building unrest joining seam formula rafter and purlin overlap joint repair schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is that dovetail threading, rectangle plug tenon and the chiseling that the present invention is carved with semicircle armful of rafter mouth have the elongated dovetail fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches mouthful
The configuration schematic diagram of purlin；
Fig. 3 is the schematic view of facade structure of the rafter and purlin node after the present invention repairs；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the rafter and purlin node after the present invention repairs；
In figure: 1, purlin, 2, the rafter tip, 3, overlapped points, 4, dovetail threading, 5, semicircle armful of rafter mouth, 6, rectangle plug tenon, 7, rectangle
The fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches mouthful, 8, the elongated dovetail fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches mouthful, 9, rafter.
Specific embodiment
A kind of pair of ancient building unrest joining seam formula rafter and purlin node carry out reinforcing repairerment method, specifically includes the following steps:
Step 1: in purlin upper surface and rafter lap-joint, along purlin, axially one road shape of chiseling is down big up small elongated dovetail
The fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches mouthful recycles hardwood to make the dovetail threading that a lower shape and elongated dovetail fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches mouth exactly match spare；
Step 2: calculating the center between adjacent rafter away from according still further to the center between adjacent rafter according to house standard width of a room in an old-style house size
Each rafter and purlin overlapped points position are marked away from the dovetail threading upper surface that obtains in step 1, with these overlapped points positions is
The heart respectively chisels out the semicircle greater than rafter rafter diameter 1-2cm and embraces rafter mouth；Then, position is chiseled among each semicircle armful of rafter mouth
One rectangle fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches mouthful, then several rectangle plug tenons identical with semicircle armful of rafter mouth number are made with hardwood, and in each rafter
Rafter head lower part and semicircle Bao Chuankou lap-joint chisel the identical rectangle fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches mouthful, and semicircle embraces the rectangle fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches mouthful and rafter head in rafter mouth
The shape of shape and rectangle plug tenon after the rectangle fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches mouthful split of lower part matches；
Step 3: the hardwood dovetail threading lower part that step 2 completes is penetrated into the elongated dovetail fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches on purlin mouthful
In, then one end of each rectangle plug tenon planted in the rectangle fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches mouthful for embracing rafter mouth to semicircle, the other end of rectangle plug tenon
It is inserted into the fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches mouthful of a rafter head lower part and forms dowel, be overlapped on rafter head in corresponding semicircle armful of rafter mouth, group installs all
Rectangle plug tenon and rafter head, complete ancient building unrest joining seam formula rafter and purlin joint reinforcing is repaired.
Embodiment 1:
Ancient building roofing is due to last a very long time, the factors such as wind and weather, easily generation watt part breakage, displacement and grey backing layer cracking,
So as to cause there is roof draining rain, wood sheathing rots, the rotten phenomenon of rafter grain.If rafter grain is rotten serious, it is not able to satisfy it and holds
The case where carrying force request, it is necessary to more renew part, this can be used for the reinforcing repairerment of all random joining seam formula rafters and purlin node
Patented technology.
(a) it first determines the damaged range of roofing rafter, removes watt part of roofing in damaged region, shovel falls the mud back of roofing breakage
Layer, throws off roof boarding, the rotten rafter of grain of dismantling, with new part to be replaced；Section together is chiseled in purlin upper surface and rafter lap-joint
Shape is the down big up small elongated dovetail fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches mouthful, then the elongated dovetail fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches mouthful on a lower shape and purlin is made of hardwood
Identical dovetail threading.
(b) center between rafter is calculated away from according still further to rafter center away from dovetail threading according to house standard width of a room in an old-style house size
Upper each rafter of mark and purlin overlapped points position, the semicircle respectively chiseled out at these overlapped points positions greater than rafter diameter embrace rafter mouth
2cm；Then, rectangle fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches mouthful is chiseled at position among each semicircle armful of rafter mouth, then makes several rectangle plug tenons with hardwood,
Its cross sectional shape size is identical as the rectangle fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches mouth in dovetail threading (as shown in Figure 2), and each rafter head lower part and semicircle armful
The identical rectangle fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches mouthful is carved by Chuan Kou lap-joint, after semicircle embraces the rectangle fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches mouthful split at the rectangle fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches mouthful and rafter head lower part in rafter mouth
Shape and the shape of rectangle plug tenon match.
(c) the hardwood dovetail threading of production is penetrated into the elongated dovetail fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches on purlin mouthful, makes dovetail threading
It is tightly secured together with purlin, has not only met the requirement of node overall stiffness, but also improve the anti-of up and down direction at node
Performance is cut, and the semicircle in dovetail threading armful rafter mouth can fix rafter head, prevent rafter head from shifting in left and right directions.Again by square
Shape plug tenon plants embracing in rafter mouth in dovetail threading by way of planting pin, and the other end is inserted into the rectangle fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches mouthful of rafter head lower part
Middle formation dowel (as shown in Figure 3), the cultivation pin of this rectangle dowel can not only prevent rafter head from generating position in left and right and front-rear direction
It moves, and strengthens flexibility and anti-torsion performance at node in conjunction with dovetail threading, further enhance rafter and purlin
The overall stability of structure at node, the final structure for repairing the rafter and purlin node completed are as shown in Figure 4.
In conclusion this be carved with the reinforcing repairerment measure that the dovetail threading of rafter mouth is combined with the dark plug tenon of rectangle of embracing,
It can reinforce the shear behavior of rafter Yu purlin position of joints in above-below direction, meanwhile, and rafter can be avoided in left and right and front-rear direction
Head generates displacement, and improves the overall flexibility of structure and anti-torsion performance at node；Such as earthquake or vibration bursts, tenon
With the mutual extrusion and friction energy earthquake energy at the fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches mouthful, reduce the destruction to wood roof decking structure entirety.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of pair of ancient building unrest joining seam formula rafter and purlin node carry out reinforcing repairerment method, it is characterised in that:
Step 1: in purlin upper surface and rafter lap-joint, along purlin, axially one road shape of chiseling is down big up small elongated dovetail
The fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches mouthful recycles hardwood to make the dovetail threading that a lower shape and elongated dovetail fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches mouth exactly match spare；
Step 2: calculating the center between adjacent rafter away from according still further to the center between adjacent rafter according to house standard width of a room in an old-style house size
Each rafter and purlin overlapped points position are marked away from the dovetail threading upper surface that obtains in step 1, with these overlapped points positions is
The heart respectively chisels out the semicircle greater than rafter rafter diameter 1-2cm and embraces rafter mouth；Then, position is chiseled among each semicircle armful of rafter mouth
One rectangle fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches mouthful, then several rectangle plug tenons identical with semicircle armful of rafter mouth number are made with hardwood, and in each rafter
Rafter head lower part and semicircle Bao Chuankou lap-joint chisel the identical rectangle fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches mouthful, and semicircle embraces the rectangle fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches mouthful and rafter head in rafter mouth
The shape of shape and rectangle plug tenon after the rectangle fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches mouthful split of lower part matches；
Step 3: the hardwood dovetail threading lower part that step 2 completes is penetrated into the elongated dovetail fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches on purlin mouthful
In, then one end of each rectangle plug tenon planted in the rectangle fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches mouthful for embracing rafter mouth to semicircle, the other end of rectangle plug tenon
It is inserted into the fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches mouthful of a rafter head lower part and forms dowel, be overlapped on rafter head in corresponding semicircle armful of rafter mouth, group installs all
Rectangle plug tenon and rafter head, complete ancient building unrest joining seam formula rafter and purlin joint reinforcing is repaired.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810866412.1A CN109083432B (en) | 2018-08-01 | 2018-08-01 | Method for reinforcing and repairing irregular lap type rafters and purlin nodes of ancient architecture |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810866412.1A CN109083432B (en) | 2018-08-01 | 2018-08-01 | Method for reinforcing and repairing irregular lap type rafters and purlin nodes of ancient architecture |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109083432A true CN109083432A (en) | 2018-12-25 |
| CN109083432B CN109083432B (en) | 2021-01-22 |
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| CN201810866412.1A Active CN109083432B (en) | 2018-08-01 | 2018-08-01 | Method for reinforcing and repairing irregular lap type rafters and purlin nodes of ancient architecture |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110258979A (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2019-09-20 | 苏州新巢木结构系统工程有限公司 | Rafter structure applied to ancient building |
| CN111441606A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-07-24 | 山西四建集团有限公司 | Traditional building repairing method |
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| CN206737137U (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-12-12 | 洛阳理工学院 | A kind of bucket ear consolidation process structure of ancient building along body mouth sets of brackets on top of the columns |
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| CN207048070U (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2018-02-27 | 陕西建工第七建设集团有限公司 | A kind of a tree, used in making timber for boats wood with joinery and its construction |
| CN207260338U (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-04-20 | 南京市园林规划设计院有限责任公司 | Pseudo-classic architecture wood sets of brackets on top of the columns roofing and concrete main body frame connecting structure |
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2018
- 2018-08-01 CN CN201810866412.1A patent/CN109083432B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105178520A (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2015-12-23 | 中国建筑西北设计研究院有限公司 | Method for mounting hollow round rafter cornice structure for building |
| CN206737137U (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-12-12 | 洛阳理工学院 | A kind of bucket ear consolidation process structure of ancient building along body mouth sets of brackets on top of the columns |
| CN207048070U (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2018-02-27 | 陕西建工第七建设集团有限公司 | A kind of a tree, used in making timber for boats wood with joinery and its construction |
| CN207260338U (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-04-20 | 南京市园林规划设计院有限责任公司 | Pseudo-classic architecture wood sets of brackets on top of the columns roofing and concrete main body frame connecting structure |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110258979A (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2019-09-20 | 苏州新巢木结构系统工程有限公司 | Rafter structure applied to ancient building |
| CN111441606A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-07-24 | 山西四建集团有限公司 | Traditional building repairing method |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109083432B (en) | 2021-01-22 |
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