CN109078963A - A kind of city machine sweeps away rubbish separation and minimizing processing method and processing device - Google Patents
A kind of city machine sweeps away rubbish separation and minimizing processing method and processing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109078963A CN109078963A CN201811030396.9A CN201811030396A CN109078963A CN 109078963 A CN109078963 A CN 109078963A CN 201811030396 A CN201811030396 A CN 201811030396A CN 109078963 A CN109078963 A CN 109078963A
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- sand
- away rubbish
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- separation
- fine sand
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 206010016256 fatigue Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical group C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
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- -1 Polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/12—Apparatus having only parallel elements
- B07B1/14—Roller screens
- B07B1/15—Roller screens using corrugated, grooved or ribbed rollers
- B07B1/155—Roller screens using corrugated, grooved or ribbed rollers the rollers having a star shaped cross section
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/46—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
- B07B1/4609—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens constructional details of screening surfaces or meshes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
- B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
- B08B3/041—Cleaning travelling work
- B08B3/042—Cleaning travelling work the loose articles or bulk material travelling gradually through a drum or other container, e.g. by helix or gravity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
- B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
- B08B3/10—Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B7/00—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass
- B08B7/02—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by distortion, beating, or vibration of the surface to be cleaned
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
Abstract
It sweeps away rubbish separation and minimizing processing method and processing device the invention discloses a kind of city machine, include the following steps: that (1) sweeps away rubbish machine and carries out primary sorting process, it is divided into bulk materials and partial size in 10mm small particle below, bulk materials are handled through squeezing, are swept away rubbish and are rinsed to machine in assorting room；(2) gained small particle carries out sub-sand processing, obtains heavy gravel slurry, lightweight fine sand slurry and waste water；Gained heavy gravel slurry is washed through eddy flow；(3) gained waste water obtains mud scum and clear water through flotation；Gained lightweight fine sand slurry and mud scum mix and adjust mud solid content to 3~5%, are then carried out dehydrating, the fine sand that solid content is 20~30% is obtained after dehydration；Gained clear water returns to primary sorting process process through filtering Filtrate, filter residue is incorporated in mud charging adjustment tank.After multi-stage separation treatment, machine is swept away rubbish and is separated into organic matter, gravel, fine sand, organic matter (branch, leaf etc.) expressate of generation can carry out calorific value recycling.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to environmental sanitation Solid Waste Treatment technical field, specifically machine sweeps away rubbish separation and minimizing
Processing method and processing device.
Background technique
Road sweeper be it is a kind of integrate cleaning, storage and transhipment efficient sanitation equipment, in arterial highway, firmly
The cleaning of residence, the road surfaces such as park has a wide range of applications.Although road sweeper brings convenience to environmental sanitation work, bring
Machine sweeps away rubbish the problem of processing.The main component that machine sweeps away rubbish is the inorganic matters such as sandstone, these rubbish cannot be directly used to give birth to
Object processing or incineration disposal, need by special waste treatment facility.
For example, the Chinese utility model patent that Authorization Notice No. is CN204841068U discloses a kind of mud that machine sweeps away rubbish
Sand separating apparatus, comprising: the bracket of cylinder, the fixed cylinder；The cylinder top is cylindrical body, and lower part is circular cone
Body；The cylinder top is equipped with sewage inlet；The cylinder lower part is equipped with the first drainpipe and the second drainpipe；Described
The position of one drainpipe is higher than the position of second drainpipe；The water inlet of first drainpipe is equipped with the first flap valve, institute
The water inlet for stating the second drainpipe is equipped with the second flap valve；The cylinder bottom is exported equipped with spoil disposal, and the spoil disposal exit is set
There is the second valve.
The Chinese utility model patent that Authorization Notice No. is CN 202865017U discloses a kind of integral type machine and sweeps away rubbish place
Reason system, along rubbish flow direction, successively one is set up including initial filter spotter, Swirling flow sand-removing pond, girt-water separation machine and conveyer,
The screening output end of middle initial filter spotter is connected to conveyer, and the drainage of initial filter spotter is passed through Swirling flow sand-removing pond, Swirling flow sand-removing
Pond have columnar main body pond, the Stirring mechanism at the top of main body pond, main body bottom of pond portion sand hopper and passed through from sand hopper bottom
Pass to the Pneumatic sand extraction mechanism on Stirring mechanism top；The output of Pneumatic sand extraction mechanism is connected to girt-water separation machine, separated
Sand grains output end is connected to conveyer, and city planting ductwork, the end of the conveyer and rubbish van are drained into outside separated infiltration
Docking.
Existing sand-gravel separation device has good separating effect for the solid waste of sharp sand stone class, and machine sweeps away rubbish still
It will include a certain amount of branch leaf and house refuse, sub-prime classification should not be carried out using conventional sand-gravel separation device.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of city machine and sweeps away rubbish separation and quantitative reduction method and device, after multi-stage separation treatment,
Machine is swept away rubbish and is separated into organic matter, gravel, fine sand, organic matter (branch, leaf etc.) expressate of generation can carry out calorific value again
It utilizes.The gravel and sand that washing and dehydration are crossed, quality with higher can carry out the recycling of resource.
A kind of city machine sweeps away rubbish separation and minimizing processing method, which comprises the steps of:
(1) machine is swept away rubbish and carries out primary sorting process, be divided into bulk materials and partial size in 8mm small particle below,
Bulk materials are used as domestic rubbish disposal after squeezing is handled, and sweep away rubbish and are rinsed to machine in assorting room, dissolubility material
It is transferred to water phase and is incorporated to small particle；
(2) gained small particle carries out sub-sand processing, obtains heavy gravel slurry, lightweight fine sand slurry and waste water；Gained heavy
Gravel slurry is washed through eddy flow, is made gained gravel/sand discharge to remain in after the organic matter on material is reduced to 3% or less；
(3) gained waste water obtains mud scum and clear water through flotation；Gained lightweight fine sand slurry mixes simultaneously after cyclonic separation with mud scum
Mud solid content is adjusted to 3~5%, is then carried out dehydrating, the fine sand that solid content is 20~30% is obtained after dehydration；Institute
Clear water through filtering Filtrate return primary sorting process process sweep away rubbish to machine be rinsed, filter residue is incorporated to lightweight fine sand
In slurry and mud scum mixed material.
Heavy gravel slurry and lightweight fine sand slurry partial size in step (2) are distinguished, and general heavy gravel slurry refers to d=
The gravel and sandstone of 0.3~8mm, lightweight fine sand starch the grains of sand slurries for referring to d < 0.3mm.
The separation and reduction process that the present invention sweeps away rubbish for city machine, by machine sweep away rubbish in main organic principle (branch
Leaf, house refuse), gravel and fine sand carry out separating, washing, realize minimizing and recycling.
It sweeps away rubbish separation and minimizing processing unit the present invention also provides a kind of city machine, present invention process preferably uses this
Invention device is realized, comprising:
Material feeding warehouse；
Star-like screening plant, feed end connect the material feeding warehouse:
Unit is squeezed, the on-the-sieve material discharge port of the star-like screening plant is connected；
Integrated sand dividing device connects the undersize material discharge port of the star-like screening plant；
Sand-washing device, feed inlet connect the heavy gravel slurry discharge port of the integrated sand dividing device；
Flotation unit, connects the wastewater outlet of the integrated sand dividing device, and the clear water output of flotation unit is filled through filtering
Postpone the access star-like screening plant；
Mud charging adjustment tank connects the mud scum of lightweight fine sand the slurry outlet and flotation unit of the integrated sand dividing device
Outlet；
Dehydration device, feed inlet are connected with the discharge port that the mud feeds adjustment tank.
Preferably, the integrated sand dividing device includes:
Spiral grit-water separator, feed inlet connect the undersize material discharge port of the star-like screening plant, heavy gravel
Mortar discharge port connects the sand-washing device, wastewater outlet connects the flotation unit；
Fine sand cyclone separation device, feed inlet connect fine sand slurry discharge mouth, the fine sand of the spiral grit-water separator
Slurry outlet connects the mud charging adjustment tank, wastewater outlet accesses the flotation unit.
Spiral grit-water separator and fine sand cyclone separation device are all made of this field conventional equipment.
Preferably, the star-like screening plant includes:
Rack；
Rack-mounted roll shaft group, including roll shaft that is several horizontally disposed and being parallel to each other, the roll shaft includes turning
Axis and the star-wheel being fixed in shaft is successively arranged along axial direction, the star-wheel between adjacent roll shaft is staggered；
Emergency instrumentality material pond below the roll shaft group；
The driving mechanism for driving the roll shaft of the roll shaft group to rotate in same direction；
And above roll shaft group and to the spray equipment that roll shaft group sprays, the clear water output of flotation unit is filled through filtering
It postpones and accesses the spray equipment.
Machine from material feeding warehouse, which sweeps away rubbish, to be sent into rod axis group, material be tossed under star-like runner quick rotation and
It falling, small particles material is sifted by the gap between star-like wheel, it is stored in the emergency instrumentality material pond below rod axis group, and
Bulk materials are trapped and are delivered to squeezing unit.Unit is squeezed by discharge system after bulk materials press dewatering, as life
Garbage disposal.Meanwhile roll shaft group top also water injector in unit is sorted, material is rinsed, by deliquescent material
Water phase is transferred to be incorporated in emergency instrumentality material pond.
It is further preferred that the driving mechanism is quantity motor corresponding with the roll shaft group central roll number of axle, the shaft
It is connected with corresponding motor.Hydraulic electric motor further can be used.
It is further preferred that having hairbrush piece at least one tooth of the star-wheel.
It is further preferred that the roll shaft group is installed in the rack by carriage, the carriage includes:
The track groove being fixed on the rack；
The slide assemblies of corresponding rod axis are slidably matched and are used to install with the track groove；
And the positioning limiting fixator for being limited after slide assemblies are adjusted in place to slide assemblies.
Both ends of the shaft is fixed on slide assemblies, and slide assemblies can be moved horizontally along track, adjusts the spacing of rod axis, control
System falls into the desirable particle size in gap.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of slide assemblies, the slide assemblies include:
The shaft of sliding block, corresponding rod axis is fixed on the sliding block；
And two groups of idler wheels between sliding block and track groove, be located at the two sides up and down of idler wheel, idler wheel respectively with
Track groove and sliding block abut.
Every group of idler wheel is preferably arranged to two, and sliding block is installed in track groove, and sliding block is respectively equipped with 2 idler wheels up and down, can
To be moved in track groove；Center is equipped with axis hole, for passing through for shaft.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of positioning limiting fixator, the positioning limiting fixator is located at roller group outermost two rollings
The outside of wheel；The positioning limiting fixator includes an arc block and two and track groove with the cambered surface being bonded with corresponding idler wheel
The side block of abutting, side block are fixedly connected or are integrally formed with arc block, and connection is detachably fixed between side block and track groove.
It is a kind of to be preferably detachably fixed connection type, the screw hole passed through for fixing screws, side block and rail are had on the block of side
It is fixed between road slot by screw.
Positioning limiting fixator width is slightly larger than sliding slot thickness, cooperates on the inside of the side block of positioning limiting fixator with track groove, passes through spiral shell
Silk fastening, middle section are circular arc block, and radius of curvature is equal to the radius of idler wheel.
The spray equipment is sprayed using conventional spray equipment, spray head towards rod axis group.
It is arranged in parallel between roll shaft and roll shaft in roll shaft group, axial, each roll shaft one end parallel with rack width direction of roll shaft
It is connect by shaft coupling with hydraulic electric motor, sliding rail is additionally provided on the length direction of rack, hydraulic electric motor can slide on guide rail
Adjust the spacing of roll shaft.
Roll shaft includes shaft and star-wheel.The section of shaft is polygon, preferably square.Multiple star-wheels are strung by shaft,
The wheel hub on star-wheel is fixed with shaft with screw, star-wheel is driven by shaft coupling and rotates.
Star-wheel includes wheel hub, tooth and hairbrush piece, wheel hub be it is discoid, there are square hole, the shape in hole and shaft section one in center
It causes.There is screw hole on hub extension point, for fixing with shaft, circumference of hub is equipped with equally distributed tooth, and tooth is divided into not
There are the A tooth of installation hairbrush piece and the B tooth equipped with hairbrush piece, the quantity of tooth is 6~24, wherein at least 1, B tooth.The shape of tooth
For crescent, unified court is bent clockwise or counterclockwise, bending angle range α=0~15 °, star-wheel diameter D=10cm,
Hub diameter d=D/4=2.5cm, radical length e=(1~1.5) d=2.5~3.75cm of tooth.Tooth and wheel hub are in axial direction
With a thickness of h1, h2, h1=2*h2, entire star-wheel with a thickness of a=h1+2*h2=2cm.The shape of hairbrush piece and the side one of tooth
It causes, hairbrush piece screw is fixed and is matched with B flank.Length f=(0.5~2) b=0.25~1cm of hairbrush piece upper bristle, into
One step is preferably 1cm.The star-wheel of the dimensional structure miscellaneous material together that is more conducive to mixing is smashed.
Star-wheel on same roll shaft is equidistantly arranged in the axial direction, the nearest star-wheel tooth of the tooth pitch on star-wheel it is axial away from
From for x1, the radial distance of tooth and nearest shaft on star-wheel is x2, using maximal clearance as the partial size passed through, most
Big particle separation diameter is p=max (x1, x2), and hairbrush bristle lengths f is greater than x1.
The revolving speed of hydraulic electric motor can be adjusted by hydraulic system.
Multidimensional sorting machine is made of the star-like disk in interval of multiple rows of installation, the multiple rows of disk synthetic operation of when feed separation,
On the basis of Separation, multiple rows of disk size of separation can be appraised and decided according to video disc rotating speed, and disk separation of material partial size can be realized most
The feed separation of small 8mm.When material solid content 5%DS, Fu He≤100m3/h when device handles Shun；Material: apparatus structure frame
For S304, separation disk is high resiliency high abrasion material.
Preferably, the sand-washing device includes:
The bellows component of serpentine-like arrangement, the Single port of bellows component is mortar import, another port is that mortar goes out
Mouthful；
Sand pump is mentioned to the mortar import by piping connection；
Pass through the grit water separator of mortar outlet described in piping connection；
And the water out and the water circulating pump of the mortar import of the connection grit water separator.
It is further preferred that the bellows component includes the ripple straight tube that several segments are arranged parallel and is connected adjacent
Ripple straight tube and the several segments elbow that all ripple straight tubes are connected as to coiled pipe, the inner wall of the straight tube are corrugated internal wall, institute
It is axially corrugated along straight tube to state corrugated internal wall.
It is further preferred that mortar circulating pump is additionally provided between the mortar import and mortar outlet, mortar circulating pump
Feed inlet connects the mortar outlet, discharge port connects the mortar import.
Inner wall of the pipe is corrugated, fine sand by initial gross separation slurry under waterpower flowing with corrugated internal wall collision friction,
So that the organic matter for remaining in grains of sand surface is fallen off, improves the quality of fine sand；The serpentine-like arrangement of bellows, in limited place space
The husky time is washed in interior extension.
Pipeline is made of ripple straight tube and elbow, is not limited by place space, can cloth ripple pipe pipeline according to actual needs
Length and position；And installation maintenance is very convenient.
Ripple straight tube is made of outer wall, corrugated internal wall.The corrugated internal wall material is wear-resistant material, preferably polytetrafluoroethyl-ne
Alkene, corrugated internal wall are in corrugated shape along central tube axis.The material of outer wall is stainless steel.
It is further preferred that the wave height of the corrugated internal wall is 5~15mm.
Elbow includes outer wall and elbow interior wall, and the material of outer wall is stainless steel, and elbow interior wall material is wear-resistant material, preferably
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
It is further preferred that being to be threadedly coupled between the ripple straight tube and elbow.
Preferably, the bellows component is round tube, and internal diameter is 25~75mm.The flow velocity of fluid exists in bellows component
0.1~5m/s.
Preferably, mortar circulating pump, the feed inlet of mortar circulating pump are additionally provided between the mortar import and mortar outlet
Connect the mortar outlet, discharge port connects the mortar import.It extends fine sand and starches the residence time in bellows component,
Reinforce cleaning effect in the case where not increasing bellows component.
Preferably, the grit water separator is eddy flow grit water separator.
Material processing charging holding capacity of bin 15m3, V-shape design above sets galvanized net comb, in addition to discharging discharge side, other 3 face
If enclosing and cleaning spray, material bottom set feeding spiro rod, screw rod, screw rod bottom sets wear-resistant material, and screw rod frequency conversion is adjustable, QMAX=
12m3/h；Material: warehouse Q235A, screw rod S304.
Pressing device used in the present invention, spiral grit-water separator, fine sand cyclone separation device, flotation unit, dehydration
Device and filter device are all made of the conventional equipment in prior art.
The design of spiral grit-water separator bottom twin-screw, by air purge sub-sand area, efficient inclined plate slurries Disengagement zone is constituted, preceding
The sand grains for separating 0.3mm or more is held, rear end is used to separate the gravel and heavier mud of 0.3~0.1mm, and top can be realized outstanding
The separation of floating fragment, QMAX=120m3/h.Material: cabinet material Q235A, screw rod S304, bottom backing member is high abrasion material.
BEK-Clone eddy flow wash mill can also be used in sand-washing device, and BRK-Clone eddy flow wash mill is used for cleaning sand
Surface organic matter pollution is, it can be achieved that the effective fluidized of gravel clean, cleaning gravel ability Q=2.5m3/h。
Fine sand cyclone separation device separates Q=40m for realizing 60 μm or more of fine sand3/h。
Dehydration device uses ellipse folded dehydration unit, and ellipse folded dehydration unit feeds Q=30m3/ h, solid content 5%, spoil disposal contains
Gu Shuai≤20%, material: stainless steel 304.
Apparatus of the present invention include the following steps: in conjunction with present invention process
(1) reception of material and temporary
Road sweeper will be stopped to discharge zone, and the machine of collection is swept away rubbish to unload to material and receives feed bin.Feed bin is received, it can
3~5 vehicles are continuously received, and quantitative to subsequent sorting machine group transport process.
(2) primary sorting process
Feeding warehouse storage machine sweep away rubbish material by material belt conveyor be delivered to mastermind's multidimensional sorting unit (star
Type sorting unit), mastermind's multidimensional, which sorts unit, to be made of the star-like wheel that multiple parallel misalignments are installed, and material is in star-like runner
It is tossed and falls under quick rotation, small particles material is sifted by the gap between star-like wheel, is stored in emergency and is adjusted material
Chi Zhong, and bulk materials are trapped and are delivered to squeezing unit.Unit is squeezed by discharge system after bulk materials press dewatering, is made
For domestic rubbish disposal.Meanwhile there are also water injectors in mastermind's multidimensional sorting unit, are rinsed to material, by dissolubility
Material be transferred to water phase.The small particle main component is gravel, and the inorganic components such as grains of sand, partial size is in 10mm or less.Institute
Stating bulk materials main component is long branch leaf, long fibre, polybag, the organic components such as packaging bag.The flushing water comes from
In reuse water device.
(3) gravel/sand separation processing
The small particles material to sift is delivered in integrated sand dividing device by mortar pump, and small particles material is separated into
Heavy gravel slurry and lightweight fine sand slurry, heavy gravel sand paddle drain into fortune sand rod axis from bottom, transport sand rod axis for heavy gravel sand
Paddle is added to BRK-Clone eddy flow wash mill or bellows sand-washing device, is made to remain in the organic matter on material and is reduced to 3%
(mass percent) through discharge port hereinafter, be discharged.Lightweight fine sand slurry drains into mud head tank from the upper end of integral separation device
In.
(4) flotation and recycle-water preparation
The waste water containing fine sand generated in integrated sand dividing device and other workshop sections enters flotation unit, pressure after collecting
Contracting air discharges in water generates a large amount of microbubble, is attached to the fine sand grain surface to suspend in water, and the grains of sand are made by buoyancy
With the liquid level that suspends, is removed it and collected using Slag Scraping Device.Flotation device water outlet is further gone in water removal by filter device
To reuse water tank after fine particle, mastermind's multidimensional sorting unit is delivered to using recycle-water pressure lifting device and makees flushing water time
With.
(5) fine sand separating treatment
From the mud scum of flotation unit, stirring in adjustment tank is fed in mud with the fine sand of fine sand cyclone separation device and is mixed
It closes, makes the control of its solid content 3~5%.Mud is squeezed into ellipse folded dehydration unit by mortar pump, and the oval plate being continuously arranged is in gap
Between constantly rotate, be separated by solid-liquid separation mud, and dewatered fine sand material be delivered to discharge port, solid content 20
~30%.It simultaneously also in self-cleaning during oval disc spins, prevents material from blocking in gap, realizes environmental protection, without vibration
Dynamic, noiseless equipment for separating liquid from solid, no blocking, stable processing capacity, maintenance are easy.
Preferably, entire process system further includes deodoration system, is respectively arranged with gas gathering mask in each process and upper side, is given up
Gas is purified through negative-pressure ward to biological deodorizing device.
The closed work of all equipment, the control of all devices are all made of PLC control.
Advantage of the invention is that efficient separation and washing separation, recycling are possibly realized；It is input to output from material, entirely
Process realizes clean manufacturing；System flush is recycle-water, minimum amount consumption with water；Maintenance maintenance workload is reduced at least.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is process flow chart of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the star-like screening plant of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the top view of star-like screening plant (after removing spray equipment and rack).
Fig. 4 is the cooperation schematic diagram of track groove and slide assemblies.
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of positioning limiting fixator.
Fig. 6 is star-wheel main view of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is star-wheel side view of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is hairbrush chip architecture schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the adjacent roll shaft cooperation schematic diagram of the present invention.
Figure 10 is part A enlarged diagram in Fig. 9.
Figure 11 is the structural schematic diagram of bellows sand-washing device of the present invention.
Figure 12 is ripple straight tube of the present invention along axial sectional view.
Appended drawing reference as shown in the figure is as follows:
11- rack 12- roll shaft group 13- spray equipment
14- slide assemblies 15- track groove 16- star-wheel
17- shaft 18- motor 19- emergency material conditioning tank
141- sliding block 142- axis hole 143- idler wheel
The side 144- positioning limiting fixator 1441- arc block 1442- block
1443- screw hole
161- wheel hub 162- screw hole 163- square hole
164a-A tooth 164b-B tooth 165- hairbrush piece
165a- fixinig plate 165b- bristle
21- bellows component 211- ripple straight tube 212- elbow
2111- straight tube outer wall 2112- corrugated internal wall
22- mentions sand pump 23- water circulating pump
2401- the first triple valve 2402- the second triple valve 2403- third triple valve
2501- the first valve 2502- the second valve 2503- third valve
The 4th valve 26- grit water separator 27- mortar circulating pump of 2504-
Specific embodiment
Separation and abatement system as shown in Figure 1, a kind of machine sweeps away rubbish, including material handle feeding warehouse, and machine sweeps away rubbish discharging
To the feeding warehouse, the machine in feeding warehouse, which sweeps away rubbish, is delivered to star-like screening plant, and the on-the-sieve material (d > 8mm) of screening plant is sent into
Unit is squeezed, is further processed after squeezing processing as house refuse, is swept away rubbish and be sprayed to machine during sorting,
Undersize material (d≤8mm) and flushing water enter emergency material conditioning tank, are then sent into spiral grit-water separator together；Spiral
Formula grit water separator is commercially available conventional equipment, and heavy gravel slurry of the diameter isolated in 0.3~8mm is sent into sand-washing device
It is interior, gravel and sand are obtained after washing sand, lightweight fine sand slurry of the diameter isolated less than 0.3mm is sent into fine sand cyclone separation device
Cyclonic separation is carried out in (commercially available conventional equipment)；Fine sand slurry after cyclonic separation is sent into mud charging adjustment tank, waste water and spiral shell
The waste water of rotating sandstone separator is collectively incorporated into flotation unit, and treated that mud scum is sent into mud charging adjustment tank for flotation unit
It is mixed together with fine sand slurry, dehydration unit is sent into after adjusting to solid content 3~5% and is carried out dehydrating, fine sand is finally obtained；Flotation
The waste water of device is successively promoted to star-like screening plant through reuse water device and recycle-water pressure lifting device after filtration treatment,
For the flushing that machine sweeps away rubbish, the filter residue of filter device is sent into mud charging adjustment tank.
In present embodiment, in addition to star-like screening plant and bellows sand-washing device, other equipment are all made of existing processing
Conventional equipment in technique.
Star-like screening plant as shown in Fig. 2~10, including rack 11, rack-mounted roll shaft group 12, be located at roll shaft
The spray equipment 13 and the emergency material conditioning tank 19 below rod axis group of group top, spray equipment is using conventional spray dress
It sets, spray face covers entire roll shaft group, sprays towards rod axis group.
The top view of roll shaft group is as shown in figure 3, include several roll shafts being parallel to each other, single roll shaft includes shaft 17 and edge
Axial restraint successively arranges the star-wheel 15 being fixed in shaft, and the structural schematic diagram of star-wheel is as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, and star-wheel includes
Wheel hub 161, tooth and hairbrush piece 165, wheel hub be it is discoid, there is square hole 163 at center, and the shape in hole is consistent with shaft section.Wheel hub
There is screw hole 162 on protrusion, fixed for the shaft with roll shaft, circumference of hub is equipped with equally distributed tooth, and tooth is divided into
It is fitted without the A tooth 164a of hairbrush piece and the B tooth 164b equipped with hairbrush piece, the quantity of tooth is 6~24, wherein B tooth at least 1
It is a.The shape of tooth is crescent, and unified court is bent clockwise or counterclockwise, bending angle range α=0~15 °, and star-wheel is straight
Diameter D=10cm, hub diameter d=D/4=2.5cm, radical length e=(1~1.5) d=2.5~3.75cm of tooth.Tooth and wheel
Hub is respectively h1, h2 in axial thickness, h1=2*h2, entire star-wheel with a thickness of a=h1+2*h2=2cm.The shape of hairbrush piece
Shape is consistent with the side of tooth, and hairbrush piece screw is fixed and is matched with B flank.The length f=1cm of hairbrush piece upper bristle.
Hairbrush piece is as shown in figure 8, include that fixinig plate 165a and hairbrush 165b, fixinig plate are fixed with tooth, hairbrush is fixed on solid
On stator.
Star-wheel is staggered between adjacent roll shaft, as shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10, the nearest star-wheel tooth of tooth pitch on star-wheel
Axial distance be x1, the radial distance of tooth and nearest shaft on star-wheel is x2, using maximal clearance as passing through
Partial size.Maximum particle separation diameter is p=max (x1, x2), and preferred p=8mm, hairbrush bristle lengths f are greater than x1, usual f here
It will not go to adjust, therefore preferred f=10mm.
Roll shaft group both ends are mounted on the rack by carriage, and carriage includes track groove 15 and slides with track groove
The slide assemblies 14 of cooperation, the shaft of roll shaft are fixed on corresponding slide assemblies, one cunning of each correspondence of two pairs of every rod axis
Dynamic component, the structural schematic diagram of slide assemblies is as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, including sliding block 141, idler wheel 143 and positioning limiting fixator 144,
Axis hole 142 is arranged in the center of sliding block 141, and the shaft of corresponding rod axis is inserted into the axis hole fixes with sliding block, and idler wheel is arranged two groups, point
Not Wei Yu sliding block two sides up and down, two idler wheels are respectively arranged in sliding block the upper side and lower side, and idler wheel is abutted with track groove and sliding block respectively,
Sliding block can be being slided in track groove by idler wheel to adjust the spacing between adjacent sticks axis, two below sliding block idler wheel
Outside is symmetrical arranged positioning limiting fixator 144, and sliding block is fixed after being adjusted in place with the positioning limiting fixator.
The structural schematic diagram of positioning limiting fixator is as shown in figure 5, include an arc block 1441 and two side blocks 1442, arc
Block has a cambered surface being bonded with idler wheel, and two side blocks are located at the two sides of arc block bottom, and side block is equipped with spiral shell
The cambered surface in hole 1443, arc block is bonded with idler wheel, and side block and track groove cooperate, and are fixed by screw, and realizes the limit to sliding block.
Roll shaft group is driven by motor, and the corresponding motor 18 of each roll shaft, hydraulic electric motor can be used in motor, by being mounted on machine
Hydraulic system energy supply on frame, hydraulic system is conventional hydraulic system, is connected between corresponding shaft by shaft coupling, all
Motor is located at the ipsilateral of roll shaft group.
Bellows sand-washing device is as shown in Figure 11~12, including bellows component 21, mentions sand pump 22, water circulating pump 23 and sand
Separator 26, bellows component 21 include several segments ripple straight tube 211 and several elbows 212 arranged in parallel, elbow
Keep entire bellows component serpentine-like the linking of adjacent corrugations straight tube and is vertically arranged.One end (upper port) of bellows component is
Mortar import, the other end (lower port) are mortar outlet, and mortar import mentions sand pump by pipeline and the connection of the first triple valve 2401
22, the preferred pneumatic lifting sand pump of sand pump is mentioned, mortar outlet connects grit water separator 26 by pipeline, and sand-water separating device uses eddy flow sand
Separator connects and the 4th valve 2504 is arranged on the pipeline of mortar outlet and grit water separator.The top of eddy flow grit water separator
Water circulating pump 23 is set between outflux and mortar import, and the import connection top outflux of water circulating pump, outlet are connected by pipeline
It is connected to the first triple valve 2401, connects and the first valve 2501 is set on the pipeline of the first triple valve.
In the mortar import of bellows component, mortar circulating pump 27, another way connection dirt are set between mortar outlet all the way
The second triple valve 2402 is arranged, in mortar outlet and the 4th in water treatment facilities between the first triple valve 2401 and mortar import
Third triple valve 2403 is set between valve 2504, and the feed inlet of mortar circulating pump connects (band third valve 2503) by pipeline and enters
Third triple valve, discharge port access the second triple valve 2402 by pipeline (the second valve 2502 of band).
Ripple straight tube is as shown in figure 12 along axial sectional view, including straight tube outer wall 2111 and corrugated internal wall 2112, ripple
Inner wall is axially corrugated along ripple straight tube, and single ripple is in two symmetrical isoceles triangles along the section of ripple straight tube axial direction
Shape, the height (i.e. wave height) of triangle are 5~15mm.
Elbow interior wall is smooth internal walls.It uses and is threadedly coupled between elbow and ripple straight tube.
The connection type that the bellows washes husky device is as follows, and in addition to bellows component, other all pipelines are common wear-resisting
Material pipeline, flanged joint between pipeline and pump.Pneumatic sand extraction pump discharge passes through the first triple valve threeway 2401 and bellows group
Part entrance connects, and the ripple straight tube in bellows component is connected with elbow spiral, and the 4th valve is passed through in bellows component outlet
2504 connect with girt-water separation device, and water circulating pump, the first valve 2501 are passed through in the water outlet of girt-water separation, are back to the first threeway
Valve 2401 recycles after merging with fine sand slurry.
Fine sand slurry flows fast through in bellows component after mixing with recirculated water, and the fine sand in fine sand slurry is because of ripple knot in pipe
Disturbance and collision occur for structure, and the organic matter for remaining in fine sand surface is removed because mechanical collision is with hydraulic shear.After over cleaning,
Fine sand slurry is delivered to girt-water separation device and is separated.
Process flow is as follows:
Refuse cleaning vehicle, which sweeps away rubbish machine, is poured onto material processing feeding warehouse, and material is delivered to multidimensional by belt conveyor
Unit is sorted, under the action of flushing water and rotating compact disc, material is separated into bulk materials and small particles material.Bulk materials
Material, which is delivered to, by belt conveyor squeezes unit, the discharge system after press dewatering, as domestic rubbish disposal.Small
Grain material is delivered to integrated sand dividing device by mortar pump, by the gravel of 0.3mm or more point in spiral grit-water separator
From by 0.3mm fine sand separation below in fine sand cyclone separation device.Gravel is delivered to bellows washed-out sand dress by mortar pump
Set or BRK-Clone eddy flow wash mill after discharge, comprehensively utilized as high-quality gravel.Fine sand is delivered to through mortar pump
Mud charging adjustment tank progress is quenched, then is delivered to ellipse folded dewaterer through sludge rod axis pump and is dehydrated, and final discharging is Gao Pin
The fine sand of matter is comprehensively utilized.
The waste water generated by each workshop section is all collected to flotation tank and is separated by solid-liquid separation, and the dross of generation is defeated by dross
It send pump to be delivered to mud charging adjustment tank, is mixed with fine sand.Air bearing water outlet using filter device through further going in water removal
Storage is delivered to mastermind's multidimensional sorting unit using recycle-water pressure lifting device and rinses to reuse water tank after fine particle
Water reuse.
The exhaust gas generated in each workshop section, predominantly foul gas, the gas gathering mask negative pressure by being mounted on each upper side are evacuated to
Biological deodorizing device realizes the purification of exhaust gas.
Embodiment 1
Implementation process is consistent with specific embodiment, and the specification of equipment parameter for embodiment is shown in Table 1:
Table 1
The foregoing is merely the specific implementation cases of the invention patent, but the technical characteristic of the invention patent is not limited to
This, within the field of the present invention, made changes or modifications all cover of the invention special any those skilled in the relevant art
Among sharp range.
Claims (10)
- Separation and minimizing processing method 1. a kind of city machine sweeps away rubbish, which comprises the steps of:(1) machine is swept away rubbish and carries out primary sorting process, be divided into bulk materials and partial size in 8mm small particle below, bulk Material is used as domestic rubbish disposal after squeezing is handled, and sweeps away rubbish and is rinsed to machine in assorting room, the transfer of dissolubility material To water phase and it is incorporated to small particle；(2) gained small particle carries out sub-sand processing, obtains heavy gravel slurry, lightweight fine sand slurry and waste water；Gained heavy gravel Mortar is washed through eddy flow, is made to remain in the organic matter on material and is reduced to 3% hereinafter, then gained gravel/sand is discharged；(3) gained waste water obtains mud scum and clear water through flotation；Gained lightweight fine sand slurry is mixed and is adjusted with mud scum after cyclonic separation Then mud solid content is carried out dehydrating to 3~5%, the fine sand that solid content is 20~30% is obtained after dehydration；Gained is clear Water through filtering Filtrate return primary sorting process process sweep away rubbish to machine be rinsed, filter residue is incorporated to lightweight fine sand slurry and In mud scum mixed material.
- Separation and minimizing processing unit 2. a kind of city machine sweeps away rubbish characterized by comprisingMaterial feeding warehouse；Star-like screening plant, feed end connect the material feeding warehouse:Unit is squeezed, the on-the-sieve material discharge port of the star-like screening plant is connected；Integrated sand dividing device connects the undersize material discharge port of the star-like screening plant；Sand-washing device, feed inlet connect the heavy gravel slurry discharge port of the integrated sand dividing device；Flotation unit connects the wastewater outlet of the integrated sand dividing device, and the clear water output of flotation unit is after filter device Access the star-like screening plant；Mud charging adjustment tank, the mud scum of the outlet of lightweight fine sand slurry and flotation unit that connect the integrated sand dividing device go out Mouthful；Dehydration device, feed inlet are connected with the discharge port that the mud feeds adjustment tank.
- 3. city machine sweeps away rubbish separation and minimizing processing unit according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the integration Sand dividing device includes:Spiral grit-water separator, feed inlet connect the undersize material discharge port of the star-like screening plant, heavy gravel slurry Discharge port connects the sand-washing device, wastewater outlet connects the flotation unit；Fine sand cyclone separation device, fine sand slurry discharge mouth, the fine sand that feed inlet connects the spiral grit-water separator are starched out Mouth connects the mud charging adjustment tank, wastewater outlet accesses the flotation unit.
- 4. city machine sweeps away rubbish separation and minimizing processing unit according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the star-like sieve Separating device includes:Rack；Rack-mounted roll shaft group, including roll shafts that are several horizontally disposed and being parallel to each other, the roll shaft include shaft and The star-wheel being fixed in shaft is successively arranged along axial direction, the star-wheel between adjacent roll shaft is staggered；Emergency instrumentality material pond below the roll shaft group；The driving mechanism for driving the roll shaft of the roll shaft group to rotate in same direction；And above roll shaft group and to the spray equipment that roll shaft group sprays, the clear water output of flotation unit is after filter device Access the spray equipment.
- 5. city machine sweeps away rubbish separation and minimizing processing unit according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the driving machine Structure is quantity motor corresponding with the roll shaft group central roll number of axle, and the shaft is connected with corresponding motor.
- 6. city machine sweeps away rubbish separation and minimizing processing unit according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the star-wheel Hairbrush piece is had at least one tooth.
- 7. city machine sweeps away rubbish separation and minimizing processing unit according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the roll shaft group It is installed in the rack by carriage, the carriage includes:The track groove being fixed on the rack；The slide assemblies of corresponding rod axis are slidably matched and are used to install with the track groove；And the positioning limiting fixator for being limited after slide assemblies are adjusted in place to slide assemblies.
- 8. city machine sweeps away rubbish separation and minimizing processing unit according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the Slide Group Part includes:The shaft of sliding block, corresponding rod axis is fixed on the sliding block；And two groups of idler wheels between sliding block and track groove, be located at the two sides up and down of idler wheel, idler wheel respectively with track Slot and sliding block abut.
- 9. city machine sweeps away rubbish separation and minimizing processing unit according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the limit is solid Determine the outside that part is located at two idler wheels of roller group outermost；The positioning limiting fixator includes one and has and corresponding idler wheel patch The arc block of the cambered surface of conjunction and two side blocks abutted with track groove, side block are fixedly connected or are integrally formed with arc block, side block It is detachably fixed and connect between track groove.
- 10. city machine sweeps away rubbish separation and minimizing processing unit according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the washed-out sand Device includes:The bellows component of serpentine-like arrangement, the Single port of bellows component is mortar import, another port is mortar outlet；Sand pump is mentioned to the mortar import by piping connection；Pass through the grit water separator of mortar outlet described in piping connection；And the water out and the water circulating pump of the mortar import of the connection grit water separator.
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