CN109076757A - It is a kind of based on the quantitative N application method of Soil Available nitrogen/rapid available phosphorus - Google Patents

It is a kind of based on the quantitative N application method of Soil Available nitrogen/rapid available phosphorus Download PDF

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CN109076757A
CN109076757A CN201810808711.XA CN201810808711A CN109076757A CN 109076757 A CN109076757 A CN 109076757A CN 201810808711 A CN201810808711 A CN 201810808711A CN 109076757 A CN109076757 A CN 109076757A
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nitrogen
yield
amount
plot
region
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CN109076757B (en
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王铄今
侯彦林
侯显达
刘书田
贾书刚
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Guangxi Teachers College
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/007—Determining fertilization requirements

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Fertilizing (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to Crops in Applying Fertilizer technical fields, more particularly to a kind of based on the quantitative N application method of Soil Available nitrogen/rapid available phosphorus, the method determines that amount of nitrogen, the nitrogen model of applying determine in the following way by establishing the Fertilization Model based on nutrient conversion efficiency: (1) determining conversion rate of nitrogen；(2) plot amount of nitrogen regulated quantity ratio ad1 and ad2 are determined；(3) determine that the ecological economy applies nitrogen model.It is provided by the present invention based on the quantitative N application method of Soil Available nitrogen/rapid available phosphorus, just can determine that the best amount of nitrogen in region and plot only in accordance with region high production soil available nitrogen/effectively phosphorus ratio and soil nitrogen concentrations, simplify quantitative fertilization and functionization；It may be implemented to apply nitrogen by region or by quantifying for plot, under the premise of guaranteeing per unit area yield and quality, increase fertilising economic benefit, fertilizing soil and reduce fertilizer pollution of area source.

Description

It is a kind of based on the quantitative N application method of Soil Available nitrogen/rapid available phosphorus
Technical field
The present invention relates to Crops in Applying Fertilizer technical fields, and in particular to a kind of to be quantified based on Soil Available nitrogen/rapid available phosphorus N application method.
Background technique
Currently, quantitative fertilization model mainly has three classes: one kind is the mould that recommended fertilizer is calculated based on soil nutrient content Type referred to as surveys native fertilizer recommendation models, and another kind of is to be calculated using manuring field trial result as foundation by mathematical model Best recommended fertilizer, referred to as fertilizer response function model, third class are with the nutrient during measuring plant growth in blade Content determines fertilizing systems scheme at that time, referred to as nutrient diagnosis method, and third class is more suitable for top dressing situation.
The first kind and the second class model are main Fertilization Model, wherein fertilizer this season Apparent Availability and soil nutrient this season Apparent Availability is most important fertilizing constant, since the two fertilization recommendation parameters do not account for the long-term effect of fertilizer and apply The fertile area reason different from the fertilizer of not fertilization area and soil nutrient Apparent Availability, the these two types until causing up to now are applied Fertile model does not have versatility, all there are problems that such or such theoretical question, method and parameter problem, it is difficult to actually answer With.
Since nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium element are different with the behavior in environment in fertilizer, soil, crop body, generally, nitrogen, phosphorus, Though potassium Fertilization Model has general character, respectively there is feature.Nitrogen is easy loss (volatilization and leakage etc.) in the soil；Phosphorus holds in the soil It is easily fixed, validity is low；The potassium that general soil provides is more, and fertilizer potassium also has certain be fixed.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of based on the quantitative N application method of Soil Available nitrogen/rapid available phosphorus, only in accordance with region high yield soil Earth available nitrogen/effectively phosphorus ratio and soil nitrogen concentrations just can determine that the best amount of nitrogen in region and plot, simplify quantitative fertilization And functionization.
In order to reach above-mentioned technical effect, the present invention includes following technical scheme:
The present invention provides a kind of based on the quantitative N application method of Soil Available nitrogen/rapid available phosphorus, and the method passes through foundation Nitrogen model is applied based on Soil Available nitrogen/rapid available phosphorus ecological economy to determine amount of nitrogen, and the ecological economy is applied nitrogen model and passed through It is determined such as under type.
(1) conversion rate of nitrogen is determined
Kyield=Wyield/Winput,
KyieldFor conversion rate of nitrogen；WyieldFor the nitrogen quantity that manuring field trial optimum fertilizing amount cell production is taken away, WinputFor The amount of nitrogen of manuring field trial optimum fertilizing amount cell；
(2) plot amount of nitrogen regulated quantity ratio ad1 and ad2 are determined
Ad1=(specific plot soil available nitrogen average content/same specific plot soil available phosphorus average content)/region High yield plot soil available nitrogen average content/region high yield plot soil available phosphorus average content)；
(amount of nitrogen increases or decreases % to ad2=；Increase when ad1 is less than 1, otherwise reduce)=0.40* (1-ad1)；
(3) ecological economy applies the expression formula of nitrogen model
1) as ad1=1, Winput=W 'yield/Kyield+ 0, that is, the nitrogen that plot amount of nitrogen=plot target output is taken away Amount/conversion rate of nitrogen+0；
2) as ad1 < 1: Winput=W 'yield/Kyield+(W’yield/Kyield) * ad2, that is, plot amount of nitrogen=plot The increased amount of nitrogen of nitrogen quantity/conversion rate of nitrogen that target output is taken away+on the basis of region is averaged amount of nitrogen；
3) as ad1 > 1: Winput=W 'yield/Kyield+(W’yield/Kyield) * ad2, that is, plot amount of nitrogen=plot The amount of nitrogen of the reduction of nitrogen quantity/conversion rate of nitrogen that target output is taken away+on the basis of region is averaged amount of nitrogen.
The region be averaged average nitrogen quantity/region that amount of nitrogen refers to that region plot target output is taken away be averaged nitrogen conversion Rate.
By adopting the above technical scheme, including it is following the utility model has the advantages that provided by the present invention be based on Soil Available nitrogen/rapid available phosphorus Quantitative N application method, only in accordance with region high production soil available nitrogen/effectively phosphorus ratio and soil nitrogen concentrations just can determine that region and The best amount of nitrogenous fertilizer in plot, simplifies quantitative fertilization and functionization；It may be implemented to apply nitrogen by region or by quantifying for plot, protect Under the premise of demonstrate,proving per unit area yield and quality, increases fertilising economic benefit, fertilizing soil and reduce fertilizer pollution of area source.
Specific embodiment
It is described in further detail below by specific embodiment and to the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
The present invention provides a kind of based on the quantitative N application method of Soil Available nitrogen/rapid available phosphorus, and the method passes through foundation Nitrogen model is applied based on Soil Available nitrogen/rapid available phosphorus ecological economy to determine amount of nitrogen, and the ecological economy is applied nitrogen model and passed through It is determined such as under type.
(1) conversion rate of nitrogen is determined
Kyield=Wyield/Winput,
KyieldFor conversion rate of nitrogen；WyieldFor the nitrogen quantity that manuring field trial optimum fertilizing amount cell production is taken away, WinputFor The amount of nitrogen of manuring field trial optimum fertilizing amount cell；
Optimum fertilizing amount cell production refers to the highest cell of yield in 14 cells of " 3414 manuring field trial ", It includes the amount of nutrients in the organs such as root, cauline leaf, seed, it etc. that optimum fertilizing amount cell, which is converted to the amount of nutrients that every per mu yield is taken away, Certain nutrient (N or P in kernel weight (dry weight, similarly hereinafter) * seed2O5Or K2O, similarly hereinafter) certain in content+root system weight * root system is supported Certain nutrient contains in other possible organs of certain nutrient content in point content+cauline leaf weight * cauline leaf+other possible organ weight * Amount.
Optimum fertilizing amount cell is converted to the amount of nutrients that every per mu yield is taken away and is converted to per acre divided by optimum fertilizing amount cell The nutrient taken away of seed (or economic flow rate) yield=every hundred kilograms of optimum fertilizing amount cell seed (or economic flow rate) yield Amount.
(2) plot amount of nitrogen regulated quantity ratio ad1 and ad2 are determined
Ad1=(specific plot soil available nitrogen average content/same specific plot soil available phosphorus average content)/region High yield plot soil available nitrogen average content/region high yield plot soil available phosphorus average content)；
Ad2=(amount of nitrogen increases or decreases %)=0.40* (1-ad1)；
Specific plot refers to that user plans the plot of fertilising, and region high yield plot refers in the plot counted in region, produces Those of the high yield that amount is preceding 15% plot；Specific plot soil available nitrogen average content and available phosphorus average content are to pass through Acquire the test of specific plot soil sample as a result, the soil available nitrogen average content and available phosphorus average content in region high yield plot are Refer to and is united by the soil available nitrogen average content and available phosphorus average content in those of the high yield plot for being preceding 15% to yield The average of meter.
(3) ecological economy applies the expression formula of nitrogen model
1) as ad1=1, Winput=W 'yield/Kyield+ 0, that is, the nitrogen that plot amount of nitrogen=plot target output is taken away Amount/conversion rate of nitrogen+0；
Wherein, the nitrogen quantity that plot target output is taken away=every hundred kilograms of target output/100* seed (or economic flow rate) produces Measure the nitrogen quantity taken away；Conversion rate of nitrogen herein is obtained by abovementioned steps (1).
2) as ad1 < 1: Winput=W 'yield/Kyield+(W’yield/Kyield) * ad2, that is, plot amount of nitrogen=plot The increased amount of nitrogen of nitrogen quantity/conversion rate of nitrogen that target output is taken away+on the basis of region is averaged amount of nitrogen；
3) as ad1 > 1: Winput=W 'yield/Kyield+(W’yield/Kyield) * ad2, that is, plot amount of nitrogen=plot The amount of nitrogen of the reduction of nitrogen quantity/conversion rate of nitrogen that target output is taken away+on the basis of region is averaged amount of nitrogen.
The region be averaged average nitrogen quantity/region that amount of nitrogen refers to that region plot target output is taken away be averaged nitrogen conversion Rate.
Be exemplified below: regulation takes 0.50 when ad1 is less than 0.50, takes 1.50 when ad1 is greater than 1.50；Regulation is when ad1 points Not Wei 0.50,0.60,0.70,0.80,0.90,1.00 when, using region amount of nitrogen as radix since the imbalance of N/P increases separately The amount of nitrogen of nitrogen 20%, 16%, 12%, 8%, 4%, 0% (is equivalent to last linear equation, i.e. ad2 (amount of nitrogen increases %) =0.40* (1-ad1)；Similarly, it is specified that applying nitrogen when ad1 is respectively 1.50,1.40,1.30,1.20,1.10,1.00 with region Amount is radix due to the uneven amount of nitrogen for reducing nitrogen 20%, 16%, 12%, 8%, 4%, 0% respectively of N (nitrogen)/P (phosphorus) It (is equivalent to last linear equation, i.e. ad2 (amount of nitrogen reduces %)=0.40* (1-ad1).
In the present embodiment, the determination of ad1 and ad2 parameter is open from national fertilization compositions based on earth measurement work in 2005 is started from The Chinese literature of " 3414 manuring field trial " delivered simultaneously therefrom sorts out related data, these tests are concentrated mainly on 16- 21 provinces, autonomous region and municipality directly under the Central Government.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for the skill of this field For art personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, made any to repair Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of based on the quantitative N application method of Soil Available nitrogen/rapid available phosphorus, which is characterized in that the method is based on by establishing Soil Available nitrogen/rapid available phosphorus ecological economy applies nitrogen model to determine amount of nitrogen, the ecological economy apply nitrogen model pass through it is as follows Mode determines:
(1) conversion rate of nitrogen is determined
Kyield=Wyield/Winput,
KyieldFor conversion rate of nitrogen；WyieldFor the nitrogen quantity that manuring field trial optimum fertilizing amount cell production is taken away, WinputFor fertilizer The amount of nitrogen of field trial optimum fertilizing amount cell；
(2) plot amount of nitrogen regulated quantity ratio ad1 and ad2 are determined
Ad1=(specific plot soil available nitrogen average content/same specific plot soil available phosphorus average content)/region high yield Plot soil available nitrogen average content/region high yield plot soil available phosphorus average content)；
Ad2=0.40* (1-ad1)；
(3) ecological economy applies the expression formula of nitrogen model
1) as ad1=1, Winput=W 'yield/Kyield+ 0, that is, nitrogen quantity/nitrogen that plot amount of nitrogen=plot target output is taken away Conversion ratio+0；
2) as ad1 < 1: Winput=W 'yield/Kyield+(W’yield/Kyield) * ad2, that is, plot amount of nitrogen=plot target produces Measure take away nitrogen quantity/conversion rate of nitrogen+on the basis of region is averaged amount of nitrogen increased amount of nitrogen；
3) as ad1 > 1: Winput=W 'yield/Kyield+(W’yield/Kyield) * ad2, that is, plot amount of nitrogen=plot target produces Measure take away nitrogen quantity/conversion rate of nitrogen+on the basis of region is averaged amount of nitrogen reduction amount of nitrogen.
2. according to claim 1 based on the quantitative potassium fertilizing methods of Soil Available nitrogen/rapid available phosphorus, which is characterized in that described Ad1 and ad2 are characterized parameter；The region amount of nitrogen that is averaged refers to average nitrogen quantity/region that region plot target output is taken away Average conversion rate of nitrogen.
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CN110007060A (en) * 2019-02-14 2019-07-12 河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所 A kind of detection method for the prediction model that soil available phosphorus element is horizontal
CN112016211A (en) * 2020-08-28 2020-12-01 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 Radish nitrogen fertilizer recommendation method capable of coordinating agriculture and environment

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CN112016211A (en) * 2020-08-28 2020-12-01 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 Radish nitrogen fertilizer recommendation method capable of coordinating agriculture and environment
CN112016211B (en) * 2020-08-28 2024-03-19 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 Radish nitrogenous fertilizer recommendation method for coordinating agriculture and environment

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