CN109061771A - A kind of miniature automatic weather station - Google Patents
A kind of miniature automatic weather station Download PDFInfo
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- CN109061771A CN109061771A CN201810904627.8A CN201810904627A CN109061771A CN 109061771 A CN109061771 A CN 109061771A CN 201810904627 A CN201810904627 A CN 201810904627A CN 109061771 A CN109061771 A CN 109061771A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01W—METEOROLOGY
- G01W1/00—Meteorology
- G01W1/02—Instruments for indicating weather conditions by measuring two or more variables, e.g. humidity, pressure, temperature, cloud cover or wind speed
- G01W1/04—Instruments for indicating weather conditions by measuring two or more variables, e.g. humidity, pressure, temperature, cloud cover or wind speed giving only separate indications of the variables measured
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
- G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of miniature automatic weather stations, belong to weather monitoring device technical field, especially survey wind technical field.The invention is intended to form a kind of micro weather station by single-chip microcontroller, solar panels, wind-driven generator, survey wind-powered electricity generation backing, Temperature Humidity Sensor, pm2.5 detector, solar radiation tester, wireless communication apparatus, column, battery；Solar panels, wind-driven generator and battery form the power supply system of this kind of weather station；It surveys wind-powered electricity generation backing and measures wind speed and direction using the principle that heat dissipates；Temperature Humidity Sensor is responsible for monitoring aerial temperature and humidity；Pm2.5 detector is responsible for the monitoring of air quality；Solar radiation tester detects solar radiation intensity；Wireless communication apparatus is responsible for transmission of the various meteorologic parameters to backstage；Column solves the problems, such as support weather monitoring instrument.All monitoring instruments of this kind of weather station are installed on column, and monitoring instrument can be installed flexibly according to actual needs, facilitate erection and transport, better than traditional weather station.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of miniature automatic weather stations, belong to weather monitoring device technical field, especially survey wind devices
Technical field.
Background technique
Demand with a all trades and professions to weather monitoring is continuously increased, and traditional weather station, which is no longer satisfied market, to be made
Demand.Often integrated level is not high for traditional weather station, and volume is big, complicated for operation, and the maintenance of equipment will usually consume largely
Human and material resources, do not have the use condition of modernization.Compared to traditional weather station, micro weather station can be fine
The requirement for meeting agricultural, environment, traffic, the industries such as electric power.Micro weather station is small in size, and transport, installation are extremely convenient,
Fast transportation can be achieved, Fast Installation, quickly use.Also, the monitoring modular of miniature automatic weather station is flexible and changeable, Yong Huke
Voluntarily detection device is selected to install according to monitoring needs, realizes monitoring personalized, it is extremely convenient to use.
Particularly, the air monitoring device on traditional weather station is surveyed indirectly using revolving speed of the fan in wind field mostly
Wind speed is measured, because the revolving speed of fan has upper limit value, maximum value has been reached for rotation speed of the fan but wind speed is also the case where increasing,
Its monitoring result is not just available, and has inertia when along with fan rotation, the precision of monitoring result also needs to be considered, should
Wind is surveyed using electric heating in invention, the effective solution above-mentioned two problems of traditional wind measuring device, measurement result are more accurate.Separately
Outside, miniature automatic weather station is powered using wind-driven generator and solar energy electroplax, and the gauze power supply for traditional meteorological station is one
A huge breakthrough.Therefore, the miniature automatic weather station which is related to is the urgent needs in weather monitoring field.
Summary of the invention
To solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to be sent out by single-chip microcontroller, solar panels, wind-force
Motor surveys wind-powered electricity generation backing, Temperature Humidity Sensor, pm2.5 detector, solar radiation tester, wireless communication apparatus, column, storage
A kind of micro weather station of battery composition；Solar panels, wind-driven generator and battery form the power supply system of this kind of weather station；It surveys
Wind-powered electricity generation backing measures wind speed and direction using the principle that heat dissipates；Temperature Humidity Sensor is responsible for monitoring air themperature, humidity；
Pm2.5 detector is responsible for the monitoring of air quality；Solar radiation tester detects solar radiation intensity；Wireless communication apparatus is negative
Blame transmission of the various meteorologic parameters to backstage；Column solves the problems, such as support weather monitoring instrument.All prisons of this kind of weather station
It surveys instrument to be installed on column, monitoring instrument can be installed flexibly according to actual needs, facilitate erection and transport, better than tradition
Weather station.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is that: a kind of miniature automatic weather station, including single-chip microcontroller, solar panels, wind-force hair
Motor surveys wind-powered electricity generation backing, Temperature Humidity Sensor, pm2.5 detector, solar radiation tester, wireless communication apparatus, column, sets
Standby case, temperature sensor, awning, battery；Solar energy electroplax, wind-driven generator are connected with battery；Survey wind-powered electricity generation backing, warm and humid
Degree sensor, pm2.5 detector, solar radiation tester, wireless communication apparatus, temperature sensor are connected with single-chip microcontroller；It surveys
Wind-powered electricity generation backing, Temperature Humidity Sensor, pm2.5 detector, solar radiation tester, wireless communication apparatus, temperature sensor work
Shi Suoxu electric energy is provided by battery；Single-chip microcontroller, solar panels, wind-driven generator, survey wind-powered electricity generation backing, Temperature Humidity Sensor,
Pm2.5 detector, wireless communication apparatus, is each attached on column solar radiation tester；Solar panels, wind-driven generator and
Battery forms the power supply system of this kind of miniature automatic weather station；Influence of the wind-powered electricity generation backing using wind field to heat loss is surveyed to survey
Determine wind speed and direction；Battery makes its heat temperature raising after powering to the heating film circuit inside electric heating piece, and temperature sensor is real-time
The temperature of wind-powered electricity generation backing is surveyed in monitoring；Awning prevents influence of the rainwater to wind-powered electricity generation backing is surveyed in the rainy day, provides normal work for it
Environment；Temperature Humidity Sensor monitors air themperature, humidity；Pm2.5 detector monitors air quality；The detection of solar radiation tester
Solar radiation intensity；The monitoring data of various monitoring devices are transmitted to control backstage by wireless communication apparatus.
Further.Surveying wind-powered electricity generation backing is a kind of special annular electric heating piece, using silicon rubber electric heating piece, this kind of electric heating piece
Plasticity is good, flexible, and heating properties are stablized, and diameter, width utilize according to the actual situation and depending on the overall dimensions of weather station
Fixed bracket is fixed on column；To guarantee to survey the normal expansion of wind work, monitoring electric heating is installed on the inside of this kind of electric heating piece
The temperature sensor of piece temperature；The working principle for surveying wind-powered electricity generation backing is that wind has facilitation to the radiation processes of object, aweather one
The radiating rate of side always greater than the radiating rate of leeward side, sentence according to the temperature variations of electric heating piece different parts by system
Disconnected wind direction and wind speed；It surveys in wind work, when the temperature sensor for surveying the distribution of wind electric heating on piece detects each position of electric heating piece
After temperature is warming up to test temperature from room temperature, single-chip microcontroller cuts off the power supply of battery immediately, surveys wind-powered electricity generation backing and stops heating and enters
The wind stage is surveyed, is starting point to stop the test temperature of heating, within the specific period, system is monitored according to temperature sensor
The difference of temperature drop rate at each position come analytical calculation wind speed, wind direction in conjunction with serial preset parameter；In test process
Test temperature and test interval depending on measuring accuracy and actual conditions；Wind-powered electricity generation backing is surveyed to be mounted under awning
Side, awning be impermeable material made of circle weather shield, fine day can mutual disassembly, effect be the rainy day prevention rainwater to electricity
The influence and destruction of backing work normally survey wind-powered electricity generation backing also can in the rainy day.
Further, temperature sensor is existing apparatus, using contact type temperature sensor, model DS18B20, installation
In the inner surface of electric heating piece, directly contacted with electric heating piece, the inner surface of a circular ring shape electric heating piece is equipped with multiple temperature sensing
Device, specific number of installing is depending on actual estimation precision；The effect of temperature sensor is that real-time monitoring surveys wind-powered electricity generation backing
The temperature variations at each position carry out wind speed measuring and calculating for system and provide temperature data.
Further, solar panels, wind-driven generator and battery are existing apparatus；Solar panels global shape is circle
Cone cell is mounted on the capital of column, and wind-driven generator is installed in the surrounding of solar panels, and battery is placed in the sky of the upper end of the column
In the chambers of the heart；The electric energy that solar panels and wind-driven generator generate is stored in battery.
Further, Temperature Humidity Sensor is existing apparatus, and using outdoor type temperature sensor, model SHT10 is outdoor
Temperature sensor, using unique CMOSens patented technology, with high reliability and brilliant long-time stability；Temperature
Precision is ± 0.4%, and humidity precision is ± 4.5%；It is mounted in the equipment box on column, effect is the warm and humid of monitoring air
Degree.
Further, pm2.5 detector is existing apparatus, by Sharp's GP2YI010AUOF air quality sensor and modulus
Conversion circuit constitute, be mounted in the equipment box on column, effect be monitor air in fine particle concentration and air pressure,
The monitoring of other multiple parameters such as VOC, CO2, O2, formaldehyde or carbon monoxide.
Further, solar radiation tester is existing apparatus, is mounted on the capital of column, on solar panels；It is made
With the radiation intensity for being the measurement sun, the total solar radiation that measure spectrum range is 0.3-1 μm.
Further, wireless communication apparatus wireless communication apparatus, using the data radio transmission apparatus of model H7710C,
It is divided into wireless signal transmitting device and wireless signal receiver inside it, is mounted in the equipment box under solar panels, makees
With being that each detection data for setting of detecting is real-time transmitted to backstage.
Further, column is scalable column made of high-strength material, is used to support various monitoring instruments, when use
Pedestal on the bottom end and ground of column is connected and fixed.
Further, the monitoring of this kind of weather station be not limited to survey wind-powered electricity generation backing, Temperature Humidity Sensor, pm2.5 detector,
Solar radiation tester, user can install other monitoring instruments as needed, such as rainfall monitoring instrument, ground temperature sensor, ultraviolet light
Monitor realizes personalized monitoring.
Further, voltage sensor, external single-chip microcontroller, to detect wind-driven generator work are housed inside wind-driven generator
Generating efficiency and intensity when making to detect wind-force wind speed indirectly with this, and simultaneity factor will survey wind-powered electricity generation backing and voltage sensor
Device carries out Comprehensive Comparison to the testing result of wind-force wind speed respectively, to obtain with accurate wind field data.
Further, various monitoring instruments are mutually indepedent at work, mutually without influence.
In the system circuit diagram of this kind of miniature automatic weather station, single-chip microcontroller model AT89C51, Temperature Humidity Sensor
Model SHT10, electric heating piece are special annular electric heating piece, and pm2.5 detector is passed by Sharp's GP2YI010AUOF air quality
Sensor and analog to digital conversion circuit are constituted, and solar radiation tester is by solar radiation ammeter and total solar radiation table is compound forms,
Wireless communication apparatus is divided into transmit circuit and receives circuit, and power supply system is divided into wind-power electricity generation and solar panels power generation.In order to protect
Hinder single-chip microcontroller operation, increases reset circuit to single-chip microcontroller.Reset circuit has following functions: (1) electrification reset can deposit inside
Reservoir is resetted.(2) inside and outside clock signal is synchronized.(3) voltage fluctuation or it is unstable when, reset circuit is straight to circuit delay
To circuit stability.(4) single-chip microcontroller is made to restore normal operating condition by reset circuit when program malfunctions.Radio transmitter is
Common transmitter circuitry, due to having used sound table device, circuit work is highly stable, even if hand grabs antenna, sound table or circuit
Other positions, tranmitting frequency will not drift about.So transmitting is using the circuit for using sound table device.Wireless receiving circuit connects
Ultra-audio circuit or superheterodyne circuit can be used in receipts machine, and ultra-audio circuit is at low cost, and small power consumption adjusts good up to 100uA or so
The superhet put in ultra-audio circuit sensitivity well and first high level discharge, level-one oscillation, level-one mixing and two-stage is poor
Seldom.
The model LT1073, A of chip are solar panel in solar panel circuit diagram.Solar battery in figure
Plate A provides 6V voltage.LT1073 detects charging current via resistance R6, and 16 milliamperes of charging current is maintained in battery.
There is low-voltage analyzer in LT1073, in the near 4V of the output voltage of solar panels, LT1073 will be switched off charging circuit, and work as
It can continue to charge the battery again when voltage is raised to 5V.
A kind of miniature automatic weather station, control method such as following steps:
Step 1 installs a pedestal on the installation ground of weather station, and the column of weather station is fixed on pedestal, wind-force hair
Electric energy is stored in battery after motor and solar energy electroplax work.
Step 2, user need to install or modify monitoring device according to monitoring project, adjust the height of column.
The monitoring instruments such as step 3, survey wind-powered electricity generation backing, Temperature Humidity Sensor, pm2.5 detector, solar radiation tester are each
Self-deploy monitoring.
The monitoring testing result of monitoring device is real-time transmitted to control backstage by step 4, wireless communication apparatus, and user can
Every monitoring index is grasped in real time.
The working principle of the invention is: by single-chip microcontroller, solar panels, wind-driven generator, surveying wind-powered electricity generation backing, temperature and humidity sensing
Device, pm2.5 detector, solar radiation tester, wireless communication apparatus, column, battery form a kind of micro weather station；The sun
Energy plate, wind-driven generator and battery form the power supply system of this kind of weather station；Survey the principle that wind-powered electricity generation backing utilizes heat to dissipate
Measure wind speed and direction；Temperature Humidity Sensor is responsible for monitoring air themperature, humidity；Pm2.5 detector is responsible for the monitoring of air quality；
Solar radiation tester detects solar radiation intensity；Wireless communication apparatus is responsible for transmission of the various meteorologic parameters to backstage；It is vertical
Column solves the problems, such as support weather monitoring instrument.
Compared with traditional technology, which is: 1. using wind-driven generator and two kinds of solar panels power generations
Device power supply, can make up mutually, realize continued power；2. wind speed size is characterized using the temperature reducing rate of electric heating piece,
Wind conditions can be more intuitively embodied, also make result more accurate；3, this kind of weather station can be controlled remotely, realize remote prison
It surveys；4. monitoring modular can be changed flexibly, user can according to need installation monitoring device, realize personalized monitoring；5. telescopic vertical
The use of column can provide different monitoring height for monitoring device, make the vertical diversification for monitoring environment；6. entire weather station body
Product is small, light-weight, detachable, transports, is easy for installation；7. surveying wind speed and direction using wind-powered electricity generation backing is surveyed, solves conventional measurement wind
Device has the influence problem of the factor of upper wind velocity limit and inertia effects, keeps survey wind data more reliable.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of this kind of miniature automatic weather station；
Fig. 2 is the overall structure bottom view of this kind of miniature automatic weather station；
Fig. 3 is the system circuit diagram of this kind of miniature automatic weather station；
Fig. 4 is the system circuit diagram of solar energy electroplax in this kind of miniature automatic weather station；
Fig. 5 is the work flow diagram of this kind of miniature automatic weather station；
Each label in figure are as follows: 1- single-chip microcontroller；2- solar panels；3- wind-driven generator；4- surveys wind-powered electricity generation backing；5- temperature and humidity sensing
Device；6-pm2.5 detector；7- solar radiation tester；801- wireless signal emitter；802- wireless signal reception device；
9- column；10- equipment box；11- temperature sensor；12- awning.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, With reference to embodiment and join
According to attached drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.It should be understood that these descriptions are merely illustrative, and it is not intended to limit this hair
Bright range.In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted, to avoid this is unnecessarily obscured
The concept of invention.
Please refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, a kind of miniature automatic weather station, including single-chip microcontroller 1, solar panels 2, wind-driven generator 3, survey
Wind-powered electricity generation backing 4, Temperature Humidity Sensor 5, pm2.5 detector 6, solar radiation tester 7, wireless communication apparatus 8, column 9, equipment
Case 10, temperature sensor 11,12 battery of awning；Solar energy electroplax 2, wind-driven generator 3 and battery 9 connect；Survey wind electric heating
Piece 4, Temperature Humidity Sensor 5, pm2.5 detector 6, solar radiation tester 7,8 temperature sensor 11 of wireless communication apparatus and
Single-chip microcontroller 1 connects；Survey wind-powered electricity generation backing 4, Temperature Humidity Sensor 5, pm2.5 detector 6, solar radiation tester 7, wireless telecommunications dress
Required electric energy when 8, temperature sensor 11 works is set to be provided by battery；Single-chip microcontroller 1, wind-driven generator 3, is surveyed solar panels 2
Wind-powered electricity generation backing 4, Temperature Humidity Sensor 5, pm2.5 detector 6, solar radiation tester 7, wireless communication apparatus 7, be each attached to it is vertical
On column；Solar panels 2, wind-driven generator 3 and battery form the power supply system of this kind of miniature automatic weather station；Survey wind-powered electricity generation backing
4 influences using wind field to heat loss measures wind speed and direction；Battery is powered to the heating film circuit inside electric heating piece 4
After make its heat temperature raising, 11 real-time monitoring of temperature sensor surveys the temperature of wind-powered electricity generation backing 4；Awning 12 prevents rainwater to survey in the rainy day
The influence of wind-powered electricity generation backing 4 provides normal working environment for it；Temperature Humidity Sensor 5 monitors air themperature, humidity；Pm2.5 inspection
It surveys instrument 6 and monitors air quality；Solar radiation tester 8 detects solar radiation intensity；Wireless communication apparatus 8 fills various monitorings
The monitoring data set are transmitted to control backstage.
Described, surveying wind-powered electricity generation backing 4 is a kind of special annular electric heating piece, using silicon rubber electric heating piece, this kind of electric heating piece
Plasticity is good, flexible, and heating properties are stablized, and diameter, width utilize according to the actual situation and depending on the overall dimensions of weather station
Fixed bracket is fixed on column 9；To guarantee to survey the normal expansion of wind work, monitoring electric heating is installed on the inside of this kind of electric heating piece
The temperature sensor 11 of piece temperature；The working principle for surveying wind-powered electricity generation backing 4 is that wind has facilitation to the radiation processes of object, aweather
The radiating rate of side is always greater than the radiating rate of leeward side, and system is according to the temperature variations of electric heating piece different parts
Judge wind direction and wind speed；It surveys in wind work, detects each portion of electric heating piece when surveying the temperature sensor 11 being distributed on wind-powered electricity generation backing 4
After the temperature of position is warming up to test temperature from room temperature, single-chip microcontroller cuts off the power supply of battery immediately, surveys wind-powered electricity generation backing 4 and stops heating
It is starting point to stop the test temperature of heating, within the specific period, system is according to temperature sensor into the wind stage is surveyed
The difference of the temperature drop rate at each position of 11 monitorings comes analytical calculation wind speed, wind direction in conjunction with serial preset parameter；Survey wind
Electric heating piece 4 is mounted on the lower section of awning 12, and awning 12 is circle weather shield made of impermeable material, fine day can mutual disassembly,
It is to prevent influence and destruction of the rainwater to electric heating piece in the rainy day that it, which is acted on, and survey wind-powered electricity generation backing can also be worked normally in the rainy day.
Described, temperature sensor 11 is existing apparatus, using contact type temperature sensor, model DS18B20, installation
In the inner surface of electric heating piece, directly contacted with electric heating piece, the inner surface of a circular ring shape electric heating piece is equipped with multiple temperature sensing
Device 11, specific number of installing is depending on actual estimation precision；The effect of temperature sensor 11 is that real-time monitoring surveys wind-powered electricity generation
The temperature variations at each position of backing carry out wind speed measuring and calculating for system and provide temperature data.
Described, solar panels 2, wind-driven generator 3 and battery are existing apparatus；2 global shape of solar panels is
It is coniform, it is mounted on the capital of column 9, wind-driven generator 3 is installed in the surrounding of solar panels 2, and battery is placed on column 9
In the hollow cavity at end；The electric energy that solar panels 2 and wind-driven generator 3 generate is stored in battery.
Described, Temperature Humidity Sensor 5 is existing apparatus, using outdoor type temperature sensor, the outdoor temperature of model SHT10
Sensor is spent, using unique CMOSens patented technology, with high reliability and brilliant long-time stability；Temperature essence
Degree is ± 0.4%, and humidity precision is ± 4.5%；It is mounted in the equipment box 10 on column, is fixed on column 9 with fixed bracket,
It is the temperature and humidity for monitoring air that it, which is acted on,.
Described, pm2.5 detector 6 is existing apparatus, by Sharp's GP2YI010AUOF air quality sensor and modulus
Conversion circuit is constituted, and is mounted in the equipment box 10 on column 9, and effect is to monitor the concentration and gas of fine particle in air
The monitoring of other multiple parameters such as pressure, VOC, CO2, O2, formaldehyde or carbon monoxide.
Described, solar radiation tester 7 is existing apparatus, is mounted on the capital of column 9, on solar panels 2；It is made
With the radiation intensity for being the measurement sun.
It is described, 8 wireless communication apparatus of wireless communication apparatus, using the data radio transmission apparatus of model H7710C,
It is divided into wireless signal transmitting device 801 and wireless signal receiver 802 inside it, the equipment box being mounted under solar panels 2
In 10, effect is that each detection data set that detects is real-time transmitted to backstage.
Described, column 9 is scalable column made of high-strength material, is used to support various monitoring instruments, when use
Pedestal on the bottom end and ground of column 9 is connected and fixed.
Described, Temperature Humidity Sensor 5, pm2.5 detector 6, solar radiation tester 7, nothing are installed in equipment box 10
Line communication device 8.
Referring to Fig. 3, in the system circuit diagram of this kind of miniature automatic weather station, 1 model AT89C51 of single-chip microcontroller, temperature
The model SHT10 of humidity sensor 5, electric heating piece 4 are special annular electric heating piece, and pm2.5 detector 6 is by Sharp
GP2YI010AUOF air quality sensor and analog to digital conversion circuit are constituted, and solar radiation tester 7 is by solar radiation ammeter
With the compound composition of total solar radiation table, wireless communication apparatus 8 divides for transmit circuit and receives circuit 801, and power supply system is divided into wind
Power power generation and solar panels power generation.In order to ensure that single-chip microcontroller is run, increase reset circuit to single-chip microcontroller 1.Reset circuit has following
Function: (1) electrification reset can reset internal storage.(2) inside and outside clock signal is synchronized.(3) voltage fluctuation or
When unstable, reset circuit is to circuit delay until circuit stability.(4) keep single-chip microcontroller extensive by reset circuit when program malfunctions
Multiple normal operating condition.Radio transmitter is common transmitter circuitry, and due to having used sound table device, circuit works very
Stablize, even if hand, which grabs antenna, sound table or other positions of circuit, tranmitting frequency, will not drift about.So transmitting, which uses, uses sound table
The circuit of device.Ultra-audio circuit or superheterodyne circuit can be used in the receiver of wireless receiving circuit, and ultra-audio circuit is at low cost,
Small power consumption up to 100uA or so, adjust good ultra-audio circuit sensitivity and first high level discharge, level-one oscillation, level-one mixing with
And the superhet put in two-stage is similar.
Referring to Fig. 4, the model LT1073, A of chip are solar panel in 2 circuit diagram of solar panel.Figure
Middle solar panel A provides 6V voltage.LT1073 detects charging current via resistance R6, and 16 milliamperes are maintained in battery
Charging current.There is low-voltage analyzer in LT1073, in the near 4V of the output voltage of solar panels, LT1073 will be switched off charging
Circuit, and can continue to charge the battery when voltage is raised to 5V.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to structure of the invention
Think and protection scope is defined, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, ordinary engineering and technical personnel is to this in this field
The various changes and improvements that the technical solution of invention is made, should all be within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of miniature automatic weather station, it is characterised in that: including single-chip microcontroller (1), solar panels (2), wind-driven generator (3),
Survey wind-powered electricity generation backing (4), Temperature Humidity Sensor (5), pm2.5 detector (6), solar radiation tester (7), wireless communication apparatus
(8), column (9), equipment box (10), temperature sensor (11), awning (12), battery；Solar energy electroplax (2), wind-power electricity generation
Machine (3) is connected with battery；Survey wind-powered electricity generation backing (4), Temperature Humidity Sensor (5), pm2.5 detector (6), solar radiation tester
(7), wireless communication apparatus (8), temperature sensor (11) are connected with single-chip microcontroller (1)；Survey wind-powered electricity generation backing (4), temperature and humidity sensing
Device (5), pm2.5 detector (6), solar radiation tester (7), wireless communication apparatus (8), temperature sensor (11) work when institute
Electric energy is needed to be provided by battery；Single-chip microcontroller (1), wind-driven generator (3), surveys wind-powered electricity generation backing (4), temperature and humidity at solar panels (2)
Sensor (5), solar radiation tester (7), wireless communication apparatus (7), is each attached on column (9) pm2.5 detector (6)；
Solar panels (2), wind-driven generator (3) and battery form the power supply system of this kind of miniature automatic weather station；Survey wind-powered electricity generation backing
(4) influence using wind field to heat loss measures wind speed and direction；The battery heating film circuit internal to electric heating piece (4)
Make its heat temperature raising after power supply, temperature sensor (11) real-time monitoring surveys the temperature variations of wind-powered electricity generation backing (4)；Awning (12)
Influence of the rainwater to wind-powered electricity generation backing (4) are surveyed is prevented in the rainy day, provides normal working environment for it；Temperature Humidity Sensor (5) prison
Survey air themperature, humidity；Pm2.5 detector (6) monitors air quality；It is strong that solar radiation tester (8) detects solar radiation
Degree；The monitoring data of various monitoring devices are transmitted to control backstage by wireless communication apparatus (8).
2. a kind of miniature automatic weather station according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: surveying wind-powered electricity generation backing (4) is a kind of spy
The annular electric heating piece of system, using silicon rubber electric heating piece, this kind of electric heating piece plasticity is good, flexible, and heating properties are stablized, diameter,
Width is fixed on column (9) according to the actual situation and depending on the overall dimensions of weather station using fixed bracket；To guarantee to survey wind
The normal expansion of work is equipped with the temperature sensor (11) of monitoring electric heating piece temperature on the inside of this kind of electric heating piece；Survey wind electric heating
The working principle of piece (4) is that wind has facilitation to the radiation processes of object, and aweather the radiating rate of side is always greater than leeward
The radiating rate of side, system judge wind direction and wind speed according to the temperature variations of electric heating piece different parts；It surveys in wind work,
Detect that the temperature at each position of electric heating piece is warming up to survey from room temperature when surveying the temperature sensor (11) being distributed on wind-powered electricity generation backing (4)
After trying temperature, single-chip microcontroller cuts off the power supply of battery immediately, surveys wind-powered electricity generation backing (4) and stops heating into the wind stage is surveyed, to stop
The test temperature of heating is starting point, and in specific test interval, system monitors each according to temperature sensor (11)
The difference of the temperature drop rate at position comes analytical calculation wind speed, wind direction in conjunction with serial preset parameter；Survey in test process
Temperature and test interval are tried depending on measuring accuracy and actual conditions；It surveys wind-powered electricity generation backing (4) and is mounted on awning (12)
Lower section, awning (12) be impermeable material made of circle weather shield, fine day can mutual disassembly, effect be the rainy day prevention rain
Survey wind-powered electricity generation backing can also be worked normally in the rainy day for influence and destruction of the water to electric heating piece.
3. a kind of miniature automatic weather station according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: temperature sensor (11) is existing dress
It sets, using contact type temperature sensor, model DS18B20 is mounted on the inner surface of electric heating piece (4), directly connects with electric heating piece
Touching, the inner surface of a circular ring shape electric heating piece are equipped with multiple temperature sensors (11), and specific number of installing is according to actual
Depending on estimation precision；The effect of temperature sensor (11) is the temperature change feelings that real-time monitoring surveys wind-powered electricity generation backing (4) each position
Condition carries out wind speed and direction measuring and calculating for system and provides temperature data.
4. a kind of miniature automatic weather station according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: solar panels (2), wind-driven generator
(3) and battery is existing apparatus；Solar panels (2) global shape be it is coniform, be mounted on the capital of column (9), wind-force
Generator (3) is installed in the surrounding of solar panels (2), and battery is placed in the hollow cavity of column (9) upper end；Solar panels
(2) it is stored in battery with the electric energy of wind-driven generator (3) generation.
5. a kind of miniature automatic weather station according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: Temperature Humidity Sensor (5) is existing
Device, using outdoor type Temperature Humidity Sensor, model SHT10 is had high using unique CMOSens patented technology
Reliability and brilliant long-time stability；Temperature accuracy is ± 0.4%, and humidity precision is ± 4.5%；It is mounted on setting on column
In standby case (10), effect is to monitor the temperature and humidity of air.
6. a kind of miniature automatic weather station according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: pm2.5 detector (6) is existing dress
It sets, is made of Sharp's GP2YI010AUOF air quality sensor and analog to digital conversion circuit, the equipment box being mounted on column (9)
(10) in, effect be monitor in air the concentration of fine particle and air pressure, VOC, CO2, O2, formaldehyde or carbon monoxide etc. its
The monitoring of his multiple parameters.
7. a kind of miniature automatic weather station according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: solar radiation tester (7) is existing
There is device, is mounted on the capitals of column (9), on solar panels (2)；It is the radiation intensity for measuring the sun that it, which is acted on, measures light
The total solar radiation that spectral limit is 0.3-1 μm.
8. a kind of miniature automatic weather station according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: wireless communication apparatus (8) channel radio
Interrogate device, using the data radio transmission apparatus of model H7710C, inside be divided into wireless signal transmitting device (801) and nothing
Line signal receiving device (802) is mounted on the equipment box (10) under solar panels (2) Nei, and effect is to set each detect
Detection data is real-time transmitted to backstage.
9. a kind of miniature automatic weather station according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: column (9) is high-strength material system
At scalable column, be used to support various monitoring instruments, pedestal connection when use on the bottom end and ground of column (9) is solid
It is fixed.
10. a kind of miniature automatic weather station according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the model of single-chip microcontroller (1) is
AT89C51。
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| CN201810904627.8A CN109061771A (en) | 2018-08-09 | 2018-08-09 | A kind of miniature automatic weather station |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810904627.8A CN109061771A (en) | 2018-08-09 | 2018-08-09 | A kind of miniature automatic weather station |
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Family
ID=64683144
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| CN110609150A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2019-12-24 | 广州极飞科技有限公司 | Wind speed and direction measuring device and outdoor detection station |
| CN110658567A (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2020-01-07 | 李华 | Detection platform and method based on wireless communication |
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Effective date of registration: 20191206 Address after: 310000 national experimental teaching demonstration center of mechanical and electrical specialty, Yuquan campus, Zhejiang University, No. 38, Zheda Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province Applicant after: Duan Shaorong Address before: 650000 Kunming Chuangpei Intellectual Property Service Co., Ltd. of Panlong District and Xinhua Garden Phase I B Block 7 Floor B701, Kunming City, Yunnan Province Applicant before: Kunming Chuang Pei Intellectual Property Service Co., Ltd. |
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Application publication date: 20181221 |