CN109060005A - A kind of intelligent acquisition system for building structure safety - Google Patents
A kind of intelligent acquisition system for building structure safety Download PDFInfo
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- CN109060005A CN109060005A CN201810687188.XA CN201810687188A CN109060005A CN 109060005 A CN109060005 A CN 109060005A CN 201810687188 A CN201810687188 A CN 201810687188A CN 109060005 A CN109060005 A CN 109060005A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of intelligent acquisition systems for building structure safety, it further include the local storage unit being connect respectively with central operation with processing unit, acquisition unit, programmable switch array, open/short circuit diagnosis unit, RS485 communication unit, public network communication module including central operation and processing unit, Power Management Unit；Wherein, the programmable switch array is connect by open/short circuit diagnosis unit with acquisition unit, while programmable switch array is connect with n sensor interface, n >=1；The acquisition unit includes vibratory string excitation and receiving unit, electrical resistance collection unit, voltage acquisition unit, current acquisition unit；The public network communication module is provided with stand-alone antenna.The present invention guarantees that the primitiveness of acquisition end data, authenticity will calculate and be put into cloud server with analysis, and can both prevent field data and play tricks upload, be also beneficial to big data analysis, be conducive to the setting of safety Analysis and its threshold value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to building structural safety monitoring fields, in particular to a kind of to pacify for building structure
Full intelligent acquisition system.
Background technique
Since reform and opening-up, Chinese urbanization and infrastructure development are swift and violent, especially high-speed iron in recent years
Road, subway, highway, Dam, super large span bridge, high buildings and large mansions etc. building built speed are fast,
As many as quantity can be rated as the world and attract attention.The structure safety and stablization of these buildings are most important, various collapsing events, dilapidated house danger
It builds and also happens occasionally, therefore, quote all kinds of high-precision sensors and this kind of building or even use process are surveyed in real time
Amount and monitoring can feed back its structural health conditions, provide early warning for abnormality, can also build and provide for later smart city
Perception terminal and big data analysis basis.This needs a kind of terminal acquisition system to be acquired sensor at the scene, control with
Management.
Develop by the technology of many years, ground subject, electronics subject, the fields such as measurement subject are made joint efforts, and are researched and developed in succession
A series of detecting sensor and measurement detection means.Frequently with the mechanics class sensor such as reinforcing rib meter, axle power meter, soil pressure cell
Inside configuration stress condition is monitored；Level of ground water and earth's surface are carried out using sensors such as osmometer, water-level gauge, rainfall gauges
The monitoring of precipitation；Deep soil movement and local dip are monitored using sensors such as inclinometer, inclinometers；Using crack
Meter, stress strain guage are monitored concrete surface crack and strain；Using total station, high precision GNSS receiver, displacement
The measurements such as meter carry out surface deformation and displacement monitoring.
For above-mentioned various kinds of sensors and measuring device, exiting principle or interfacing are different, have vibratory string class,
RS485 output class, resistance output class, analog voltage output class and 4-20mA electric current output class etc., in order to obtain sensor number
According to and carry out calculate obtain monitoring quantity, sensor acquisition with control equipment be one of equipment necessary to scene.The prior art with set
It is standby to be mainly shown as readout instrument of each sensor manufacturer for the single type of the mating exploitation of oneself sensor or acquisition mould
Block, application show as live artificial acquisition or the connection distant report of DTU telemetering.
The sensor acquisition system of existing producer has the disadvantage that
1, versatility is not strong enough, and producer is based on sensor, just for oneself product；
2, it has a single function, just for certain a kind of sensor；
3, scalability is not strong, and port number is fixed；
4, it without cloud computing, only provides and remotely reports and inquire；
5, not intelligent, study cannot be carried out to spot sensor impedance operator and its failure is diagnosed and excluded.
In addition, a sensor Rendezvous Point (persons skilled in the art are referred to as monitoring section) of monitoring field is often
There are the different types of a variety of multiple sensors of different manufacturers (several or even tens), the difficulty of installation, wiring and communication is larger.
Meanwhile often there are multiple working faces at scene, a variety of heavy-duty machineries work, scene is complicated, in monitoring process sensor body be damaged,
Sensor line is rolled by excavator causes breaking short trouble to happen occasionally, and not only influences the accurate of monitoring data in this way
Property, while the stabilization and safety of acquisition equipment itself are also influenced, the damage of route and sensor easily causes to acquire equipment
It damages and leads to entire section no data.
Summary of the invention
The shortcomings that it is a primary object of the present invention to overcome the prior art and deficiency provide a kind of for building knot
The intelligent acquisition system of structure safety, present invention is mainly applied to the buildings structures such as foundation pit, dam, tunnel, bridge, side slope
Healthy (safety) monitors field, also belongs to the smart city construction field of Internet of Things perception.
The purpose of the present invention is realized by the following technical solution:
A kind of intelligent acquisition system for building structure safety, including central operation and processing unit, power supply
Administrative unit further includes the local storage unit connecting respectively with central operation with processing unit, acquisition unit, programmable switch
Array, open/short circuit diagnosis unit, RS485 communication unit, public network communication module；Wherein, the programmable switch array passes through
Open/short circuit diagnosis unit is connect with acquisition unit, while programmable switch array is connect with n sensor interface, n >=1；Institute
Stating acquisition unit includes vibratory string excitation and receiving unit, electrical resistance collection unit, voltage acquisition unit, current acquisition unit；It is described
Public network communication module is provided with stand-alone antenna；The Power Management Unit is for powering.
The open/short circuit diagnosis unit pass through sensor open/short circuit when occur be more than setting value impedance spy
Sign is grabbed and submits to central operation and administrative unit；Central operation and administrative unit include microcontroller, are responsible for entire
Control, interaction, calculating and the diagnosis decision of system.
The open/short circuit diagnosis unit includes sequentially connected 2 line sensor, switch control unit, measuring circuit, electricity
Hinder network, analog to digital conversion circuit；Wherein, analog-digital conversion circuit as described is connect with microcontroller.
It is not accessing 2 line sensors, is i.e. under 2 line sensor off states, voltage V is acquired by the configuration of resistor network1、
V2、V3、V4Value, which prestores as reference value.
When the access of 2 line sensors, voltage V is measured1、V2、V3、V4Value.Class sensing passive for vibratory string and resistance etc.
Device can calculate the access resistance value between 2 line of sensor by these values, can diagnose it directly as short circuit or breaking shape
Condition；On the one hand class sensor active for electric current, voltage class sensor and RS485 etc. can acquire its impedance values and (access
Resistance value), can tentative diagnosis whether it abnormal, then further diagnosed by the voltage difference between two lines, two under short-circuit condition
Line pressure difference is 0；May make under a certain line off state wherein a line voltage clamper a certain voltage value or with two lines it is all disconnected
Sensor access is shown when road to V1、V2、V3、V4Value have no effect, i.e., its measured value is matched with pre-stored values.
The Power Management Unit converts for realizing the power supply of each unit of the intelligent acquisition system and management；Institute
DC power supply power supply and the power supply of 220V AC power source that Power Management Unit supports 9-18V are stated, to select to exchange on site,
Battery or solar cell for supplying power；Wherein, 220V alternating current is converted into 12V by AC adapter and 9-18V direct currents are defeated
To enter after parallel connection through an input be 9-18VDC, it is steady to+12V DC, then through direct current to export the direct current regulation circuit pressure stabilizing for being 12VDC
Depressor converts output+5V direct current, exports+5V direct current and converts output+3.3V direct current, each road voltage-stablizer institute through direct current stabilizer again
Output+12V ,+5V ,+3.3V power to each unit respectively.
Amplification, the filter of the vibratory string excitation and receiving unit for realizing excitation and return signal to vibratory string class sensor
Involve all mould abstraction functions；The vibratory string excitation sends different frequency field wave stimulus sensor with frequency sweep mode, works as sensor
Cause to resonate when local frequency is with field wave same frequency, generate with frequency remained shock, the duration reaches preset time value, passes through reception
Conversion is extracted after circuit filtering amplification.
The resistance measured, electric current are converted into voltage respectively by the electrical resistance collection unit, current acquisition unit, finally by
Analog quantity is converted to digital quantity and is transmitted to central operation and processing unit (microcontroller), central operation and place by A/D converter
It manages unit (microcontroller) and corresponding resistance value, current value is gone out by circuit parameter calculation；
Analog quantity is converted to during digital quantity is transmitted to by the voltage value that the voltage acquisition unit measures by A/D converter
Operation and processing unit (microcontroller) are entreated, central operation goes out with processing unit (microcontroller) by circuit parameter calculation corresponding
Voltage value.
The sensor includes precision resistance sensor, and precision resistance sensor measurement is by applying in resistance loop
High-accuracy and constant constant current show that resistance both end voltage is linear with resistance variations by V=I*R；Current measurement is also with Europe
Based on nurse law, its current value is obtained by precision resistance both end voltage；So resistance, electric current, voltage sensor are adopted
Collection and measurement are all finally to be converted into voltage by conversion circuit and be output to A/D converter after filter and amplification.
The public network communication module realizes interaction by telecommunication public network dialing game server platform；It is described that list is locally stored
Member uses magnanimity flash memory (FLASH), for storing identity information, operating mode and the configuration information and the number that acquires in the recent period of equipment
According to.
The programmable switch array realizes flexibly switching by programming device and fast-acting relay, and makes each
Channel type can be configured arbitrarily.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1, the present invention is installed on the buildings monitoring field such as high-speed railway rail, foundation pit, tunnel, side slope, bridge, dam,
Compact facilitates installation and places, is connected and installed in the various sensors such as reinforcing rib meter, axle power meter, the osmometer at scene, system
Inside has the acquisition module towards variety classes sensor, and terminal system has single or multiple connection sensors connect
Mouthful, spot sensor presses interface definition and is connected with terminal system；Terminal system embedded with network transmission module and by dialling up on the telephone,
Online logs on cloud server, selects the sensor type in each channel, the acquisition time of terminal system by network remote
With interval, sensor corrected parameter, timing inquiry working condition and sensing data.Such as Fig. 1.
2, the present invention guarantees that the primitiveness of acquisition end data, authenticity are put into cloud server with analysis for calculating, both may be used
It is played tricks upload with preventing field data, is also beneficial to big data analysis, is conducive to the setting of safety Analysis and its threshold value.This
The invention intelligent acquisition system is versatile, facilitate in-site installation with connect, with fault diagnosis and barrier avoiding function, with cloud
End calculates and matches with analysis.
3, intelligent acquisition system of the present invention is with the following functions:
(1) network linking function: this terminal system can by dial up on the telephone log on to server end carry out identity information step on
Note and data interaction, and there is corresponding interaction protocol and security mechanism；The present invention has network savvy, each sensor
It is a wireless aware node, facilitates real-time automatic monitoring, reduces on the interference of site operation and maintenance and influence.
(2) versatility: the present invention is based on sensor type and working principle, independent of sensor producer product type
Number, submission be most original data, operation and analysis are put into server end, keep its versatility very strong, different factories can be connected
The sensor of family's same type；The present invention has the versatility of sensor interface, in monitoring field, often using from different factories
The sensor of family, this reduces number of devices and cost without the dedicated acquisition equipment of producer.
(3) channel type configurability: present invention firstly provides same ports to connect different types of sensor, by remote
For journey with postponing, internal system automatically switches to matched Acquisition Circuit；Inventive sensor interface is configurable；This is very
With practical value, one monitoring point of monitoring field often connects the sensor of various different interface types, and traditional approach is
It is extended using different interface modules, will cause number of devices, volume, increased costs.Such as there are 2 axle power meters at scene
(vibratory string class) and 2 water-level gauges (RS485 class), traditional mode needs to configure the vibratory string acquisition module in 8 channels and one 8 leads to
The RS485 acquisition module in road, and the present invention need to only provide the collecting terminal system in a multichannel (4 channels or 8 channels)
System.
(4) local memory and store function: local backup is carried out to the data of acquisition, breakpoint note is carried out to system mode
Recall, prevents because of loss of data or acquisition abnormity caused by power-off, suspension；Present device locally has massage storage and breaks
Point memory function, to the data up to one week with backup store function, the suspension easily occurred to building site (antenna be blocked or
Damage) power-off (line is pressed down, power supply unit damage) failure, there is breakpoint memory function, restore reporting fault after normal condition
Type simultaneously continues the acquisition function that will do not completed completion.
(5) intelligent diagnostics function: at nominal conditions, system learns each interface sensor impedance operator automatically, is going out
For sensor characteristics, present invention firstly provides the electricity that sensor cable short circuit, open circuit, damage are diagnosed under existing fault condition
Road module is actively isolated after diagnosis confirms the road sensor abnormality, protects, do not influence other to main system circuit
The normal work of channel sensor.Building monitoring field generally has the work of many heavy construction machinery and different work posts
Make and deposit, process middle line is rolled, sensor is happened occasionally by the failure of unlawful damage and event, easily causes sensor in this way
The various exceptions such as interface short circuit, open circuit are motivated the damage for easily causing circuit to sensor in this case and are caused whole
A sensor acquisition terminal system failure and paralysis, therefore the function is to adapt to the advantageous guarantee of live harsh conditions.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of application schematic diagram of intelligent acquisition system for building structure safety of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of intelligent acquisition system for building structure safety of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of Power Management Unit of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is vibratory string measuring principle figure.
Fig. 5 is resistance, electric current, voltage measurement schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of programmable switch array of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a kind of flow chart of the intelligent acquisition method of building structure safety of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the structural schematic diagram of open/short circuit diagnosis unit of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, but embodiments of the present invention are unlimited
In this.
As shown in Fig. 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8, a kind of intelligent acquisition system for building structure safety, including
Central operation and processing unit, Power Management Unit, further include being locally stored respectively with what central operation was connect with processing unit
Unit, acquisition unit, programmable switch array, open/short circuit diagnosis unit, RS485 communication unit, public network communication module；Its
In, the programmable switch array is connect by open/short circuit diagnosis unit with acquisition unit, while programmable switch array and
N sensor interface connection, n >=1；The acquisition unit includes that vibratory string excitation is adopted with receiving unit, electrical resistance collection unit, voltage
Collect unit, current acquisition unit；The public network communication module is provided with stand-alone antenna；The Power Management Unit is for powering.
The open/short circuit diagnosis unit pass through sensor open/short circuit when occur be more than setting value impedance spy
Sign is grabbed and submits to central operation and administrative unit；Central operation and administrative unit include microcontroller, are responsible for entire
Control, interaction, calculating and the diagnosis decision of system.
As shown in figure 8, the open/short circuit diagnosis unit include sequentially connected 2 line sensor, switch control unit,
Measuring circuit, resistor network, analog to digital conversion circuit；Wherein, analog-digital conversion circuit as described is connect with microcontroller.
It is not accessing 2 line sensors, is i.e. under 2 line sensor off states, voltage V is acquired by the configuration of resistor network1、
V2、V3、V4Value, which prestores as reference value.
When the access of 2 line sensors, voltage V is measured1、V2、V3、V4Value.Class sensing passive for vibratory string and resistance etc.
Device can calculate the access resistance value between 2 line of sensor by these values, can diagnose it directly as short circuit or breaking shape
Condition；On the one hand class sensor active for electric current, voltage class sensor and RS485 etc. can acquire its impedance values and (access
Resistance value), can tentative diagnosis whether it abnormal, then further diagnosed by the voltage difference between two lines, two under short-circuit condition
Line pressure difference is 0；May make under a certain line off state wherein a line voltage clamper a certain voltage value or with two lines it is all disconnected
Sensor access is shown when road to V1、V2、V3、V4Value have no effect, i.e., its measured value is matched with pre-stored values.
As shown in figure 3, the Power Management Unit turns for realizing the power supply of each unit of the intelligent acquisition system
It changes and manages；The Power Management Unit supports the DC power supply power supply and the power supply of 220V AC power source of 9-18V, in order to existing
Field selection exchange, battery or solar cell for supplying power；Wherein, 220V alternating current by AC adapter be converted into 12V with
The direct current regulation circuit pressure stabilizing that inputting after the input of 9-18V direct currents is in parallel through one is 9-18VDC, output is 12VDC is straight to+12V
Stream, then output+5V direct current is converted through direct current stabilizer, it is straight through direct current stabilizer conversion output+3.3V again to export+5V direct current
Stream, each road voltage-stablizer export+12V ,+5V ,+3.3V and power respectively to each unit.
As shown in figure 4, the vibratory string excitation and receiving unit for realizing the excitation to vibratory string class sensor and return to letter
Number amplification, filtering and all mould abstraction functions；The vibratory string excitation sends different frequency excitation wave excitation sensing with frequency sweep mode
Device causes to resonate when sensor local frequency is with field wave same frequency, generates with frequency remained shock, the duration reaches preset time
Value, by extracting conversion after receiving circuit filtering amplification.
As shown in figure 5, the resistance measured, electric current are converted into electricity respectively by the electrical resistance collection unit, current acquisition unit
Pressure, is converted to digital quantity for analog quantity finally by A/D converter and is transmitted to central operation and processing unit (microcontroller), in
Operation is entreated to go out corresponding resistance value, current value by circuit parameter calculation with processing unit (microcontroller)；
Analog quantity is converted to during digital quantity is transmitted to by the voltage value that the voltage acquisition unit measures by A/D converter
Operation and processing unit (microcontroller) are entreated, central operation goes out with processing unit (microcontroller) by circuit parameter calculation corresponding
Voltage value.
The sensor includes precision resistance sensor, and precision resistance sensor measurement is by applying in resistance loop
High-accuracy and constant constant current show that resistance both end voltage is linear with resistance variations by V=I*R；Current measurement is also with Europe
Based on nurse law, its current value is obtained by precision resistance both end voltage；So resistance, electric current, voltage sensor are adopted
Collection and measurement are all finally to be converted into voltage by conversion circuit and be output to A/D converter after filter and amplification.
The public network communication module realizes interaction by telecommunication public network dialing game server platform；It is described that list is locally stored
Member uses magnanimity flash memory (FLASH), for storing identity information, operating mode and the configuration information and the number that acquires in the recent period of equipment
According to.
As shown in fig. 6, the programmable switch array realizes flexibly switching by programming device and fast-acting relay, and
So that each channel type can be configured arbitrarily.
The above embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but embodiments of the present invention are not by above-described embodiment
Limitation, other any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention,
It should be equivalent substitute mode, be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of intelligent acquisition system for building structure safety, it is characterised in that: including central operation and processing
Unit, Power Management Unit, further include the local storage unit being connect respectively with central operation with processing unit, acquisition unit,
Programmable switch array, open/short circuit diagnosis unit, RS485 communication unit, public network communication module；Wherein, the programmable switch
It closes array to connect by open/short circuit diagnosis unit with acquisition unit, while programmable switch array connects with n sensor interface
It connects, n >=1；The acquisition unit includes vibratory string excitation and receiving unit, electrical resistance collection unit, voltage acquisition unit, current acquisition
Unit；The public network communication module is provided with stand-alone antenna；The Power Management Unit is for powering.
2. being used for the intelligent acquisition system of building structure safety according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described disconnected
Road/short circuit diagnosis unit occurs being more than that the impedance characteristic of setting value is grabbed and mentioned when passing through sensor open/short circuit
Give central operation and administrative unit；Central operation and administrative unit include microcontroller, are responsible for the control of whole system, hand over
Mutually, calculate and diagnose decision.
3. being used for the intelligent acquisition system of building structure safety according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described disconnected
Road/short circuit diagnosis unit includes sequentially connected 2 line sensor, switch control unit, measuring circuit, resistor network, modulus turn
Change circuit；Wherein, analog-digital conversion circuit as described is connect with microcontroller.
4. being used for the intelligent acquisition system of building structure safety according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the electricity
Source control unit converts for realizing the power supply of each unit of the intelligent acquisition system and management；The Power Management Unit
Support the DC power supply power supply and the power supply of 220V AC power source of 9-18V；Wherein, 220V alternating current is converted by AC adapter
It is arrived after in parallel with 9-18V direct current inputs through the direct current regulation circuit pressure stabilizing that an input is 9-18VDC, output is 12VDC at 12V
+ 12V DC, then through direct current stabilizer convert output+5V direct current, export+5V direct current again through direct current stabilizer conversion export+
3.3V direct current, each road voltage-stablizer export+12V ,+5V ,+3.3V and power respectively to each unit.
5. being used for the intelligent acquisition system of building structure safety according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the vibration
String excitation and receiving unit are for realizing the amplification of excitation and return signal to vibratory string class sensor, filtering and all mould extraction function
Energy；The vibratory string excitation sends different frequency field wave stimulus sensor with frequency sweep mode, when sensor local frequency and excitation
Cause to resonate when wave same frequency, generate with frequency remained shock, the duration reaches preset time value, after receiving circuit filtering amplification
Extract conversion.
6. being used for the intelligent acquisition system of building structure safety according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the electricity
The resistance measured, electric current are converted into voltage respectively by resistance acquisition unit, current acquisition unit, finally by A/D converter by mould
Analog quantity is converted to digital quantity and is transmitted to central operation and processing unit, and central operation and processing unit are gone out by circuit parameter calculation
Corresponding resistance value, current value；
Analog quantity is converted to digital quantity by A/D converter and is transmitted to central fortune by the voltage value that the voltage acquisition unit measures
It calculates and processing unit, central operation goes out corresponding voltage value by circuit parameter calculation with processing unit.
7. being used for the intelligent acquisition system of building structure safety according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the biography
Sensor includes precision resistance sensor, and precision resistance sensor measurement is by applying the constant electricity of high-precision in resistance loop
Stream, show that resistance both end voltage is linear with resistance variations by V=I*R；Current measurement be also based on Ohm's law,
Its current value is obtained by precision resistance both end voltage；So the acquisition and measurement of resistance, electric current, voltage sensor are final all
It is to be converted into voltage by conversion circuit and be output to A/D converter after filter and amplification.
8. being used for the intelligent acquisition system of building structure safety according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the public affairs
Net communication module realizes interaction by telecommunication public network dialing game server platform；The local storage unit is dodged using magnanimity
It deposits, for storing identity information, operating mode and the configuration information and the data that acquire in the recent period of equipment.
9. according to claim 1 be used for building structure safety intelligent acquisition system, it is characterised in that: it is described can
Program switch array realizes flexibly switching by programming device and fast-acting relay, and makes each channel type random
Configuration.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110006482A (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2019-07-12 | 中国建筑科学研究院有限公司 | Method for monitoring safety of old house |
| CN113091593A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-09 | 重庆文理学院 | Sensing system and method for low-strain scene of building material |
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| CN207540565U (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-06-26 | 上海岩联工程技术有限公司 | A kind of self-adapting data harvester of vibrating wire sensor |
| CN108180939A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-06-19 | 中国航发四川燃气涡轮研究院 | A kind of multifunctional data acquisition card and measuring method |
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| CN113091593A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-09 | 重庆文理学院 | Sensing system and method for low-strain scene of building material |
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