CN103217140A - Four-system (4S) integrated deformation monitoring system - Google Patents
Four-system (4S) integrated deformation monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of geological disaster monitoring and discloses a four-system (4S) integrated deformation monitoring system. The 4S integrated deformation monitoring system comprises a deformation monitoring station and a data center, wherein the deformation monitoring station is composed of a deformation monitoring station host machine and a wind-light integrated field power source, the data center is connected with the deformation monitoring station through a communication network, and the data center is used for carrying out fusion processing on global position system (GPS) data from the deformation monitoring station, geographic information system (GIS) data and remote sensing (RS) data and controlling the deformation monitoring station. The 4S integrated deformation monitoring system is high in precision and reliability, full-featured, low in cost, capable of monitoring and being maintained in an overall, real-time, remote, automatic, synchronous, long-term, continuous, stable and low-running-cost mode, easy to popularize, and capable of being applied to deformation monitoring and deformation early warning of quick deformation type, slow deformation type and overall process type geological disasters.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the geologic hazard monitoring technical field, be specially the integrated deformation monitoring of a kind of 4S system, can be applicable to fast distortion, the distortion and the deformation monitoring and the deformation early warning of overall process type geologic hazard slowly.
Background technology
4S refers in particular to following 4 system: GPS (Global Positioning System GPS) among the present invention; GIS (Geographic Information System Geographic Information System); RS (Remote Sensing remote sensing) and CS (Comunication System communication system).Reorganize according to the proprietary feature of Principles of Computer Composition to GPS, GIS, RS, each system of CS, generation has the new system of close physical structure and data fusion feature and new ergasia, and it is integrated that its process and result are called 4S.The integrated deformation monitoring of 4S system is the system that is used for deformation monitoring that turns to fabric with the 4S one.
Because nature and people are the catastrophic failure of geologic function to geologic media, in recent years, in the world wide, China particularly, geologic hazard presents frequently-occurring situation, mainly comprise avalanche, landslide, rubble flow, surface collapse and ground fissure etc., seriously prestige is assisted the people's the security of the lives and property.Surplus China existing 8.5 ten thousand surplus the reservoir and 230,000 in the great geologic hazard body, only there are hundreds of Important Project and geologic hazard body to implement long-term continuous monitoring based on GPS deformation monitoring net.Domestic geologic hazard monitoring method mainly comprises at present: group anti-(being observed the master with artificial visually examine, dipstick metering etc.), traditional measurement (using traditional instruments such as transit, spirit-leveling instrument, total powerstation), GPS go the rounds to measure (using instruments such as RTK type GPS orientator, total powerstation), GPS deformation monitoring net (using a plurality of fixing GPS monitoring stations to constitute face of land deformation monitoring net).
The group is anti-: up to now, " group is anti-" method is generally adopted in China overwhelming majority's geologic hazard monitoring: undertaken regularly or the range estimation of not timing, dipstick metering etc. by the fixed personnel.The defective of this kind method is not have objective standard also not have objective basis, determines whether early warning by litigant's subjectivity.
Traditional measurement: use traditional instruments such as transit, spirit-leveling instrument, total powerstation to carry out regularly or irregularly measurement with local in units with good conditionsi such as Reservoir region.The defective of this kind method is: be subjected to weather (must naked eyes intervisibility), influence of various factors such as artificial, take time and effort and still seldom arrive valid data (precision is not enough, data are imperfect etc.) after the wealth, and the interval time between twice measurement is very long, and geologic hazard almost occurs in this interval time all.
GPS is touring to be measured: unit with good conditionsi and instruments such as the local RTK of use type GPS orientator, total powerstation carry out regularly or irregularly measuring in the large reservoir reservoir area etc.For the geology disaster alarm, this kind method still seldom arrives valid data.The defective of this kind method has three: one, and observation time is too short; The 2nd, be subjected to artificial factor bigger; Three is that interval time between twice measurement is very long.More than 3 cause that precision is not enough, data are imperfect, observation is discontinuous.In fact, geologic hazard almost occurs between twice measurement all.
GPS deformation monitoring net: since the mid-90 in last century, this method is applied gradually, obtains good effect.The crux problem that the method for using a plurality of fixing GPS monitoring stations to constitute face of land deformation monitoring net can not popularize so far is: the one, and the deformation monitoring system price is too high, more than 20 ten thousand yuan/platform of import GPS receiver main frame (the GPS deformation monitoring station host that does not contain gps antenna) needs; The 2nd, system does not match; The 3rd, the system automation degree is low, and use, operation and maintenance aspects all have deficiency.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at deficiency of the prior art, a kind of high precision, high reliability, global function, low cost are provided, low operating cost overall, real-time, long-range, automatic, synchronous, long-term continous-stable is monitored and is safeguarded, and the integrated deformation monitoring of the 4S system of easy penetration and promotion.
For finishing above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution used in the present invention is: the integrated deformation monitoring of 4S system comprises: the deformation monitoring station, form by deformation monitoring station host and wind and optical energy integrated open-air power supply; Data center links to each other with described deformation monitoring station by communication network, is used for carrying out fusion treatment from the gps data at deformation monitoring station and with Geographic Information System (GIS) data, remotely-sensed data, and the deformation monitoring station is controlled.
Further, described deformation monitoring station is a plurality of, and a plurality of deformation monitorings station can constitute the deformation monitoring net according to the monitored area MANET, and described deformation monitoring Netcom crosses described communication network and is connected with described data center.
Further, described deformation monitoring station main frame comprises: host housing and the circuit board that is installed in the host housing are formed; Described circuit board is welded to form by each unit module, comprises processing unit, and the GPS module that is attached thereto, wireless communication module, wire communication module, power management module, multichannel interface, storage unit; Described power management module connects the power input of above-mentioned other modules; Described GPS module connects gps antenna; Described wireless communication module connects communication antenna.
Further, described wind and optical energy integrated open-air power supply, the wind energy that comprises open-air protective housing and connect successively/luminous energy is gathered converter, power-supply controller of electric and accumulator; Place power-supply controller of electric, accumulator and deformation monitoring station host in the described open-air protective housing; Described accumulator connects the power input of described deformation monitoring station host.
Further, described data center comprises management control module and the data acquisition module that is connected respectively with management control module, data processing module, data analysis module.
Further, described communication network is one or more in the cordless communication networks such as GPRS, CDMA, 3G, WIFI MANET, ZigBee MANET, also can be wireline communication network.
Further, described wireless communication module comprises one or more combination of existing communication modes such as 2.5G, 3G, WIFI, ZigBee, radio station.
The present invention also provides a kind of 4S integrated deformation monitoring method, may further comprise the steps:
Step S1: select the monitoring point according to monitoring range, dispose the deformation monitoring station, information such as configuration parameter;
Step S2: deformation real-time continuous on-line monitoring is carried out at each deformation monitoring station, and gps data is uploaded gps data with fixing frequency to data center by communication network;
Step S3: data center receives the gps data that upload at each deformation monitoring station, and carries out convergence analysis with Geographic Information System (GIS) data, remotely-sensed data and handle;
Step S4: the display analysis result of data center, and determine whether to report to the police according to threshold value.
The present invention has following beneficial effect: realize the monitoring and the maintenance of high precision, high reliability, global function, low production cost, the low market price, the overall situation, real-time, long-range, automatic, synchronous, long-continued stable low operating cost, the dedicated system of costliness is become popular common equipment, be convenient to penetration and promotion, change the backward state of the art of China's geologic hazard monitoring and warning work.
Under incorporate indoor and field integration advantage of 4S and resource distribution advantage, system has the high-quality high-precision low cost.Its technical indicator is as follows: absolute error: resolve (inferior/0.5h-1h): lateral error is less than 2mm, vertical error 3mm; afterwards Real-time resolving (inferior/1s-10s): lateral error is less than 3mm, and vertical error is less than 5mm.Relative error: 1,860,000/.Its economic target: the production cost of deformation monitoring station host is less than 2600 yuans/cover (containing gps antenna), well below showing like product on the market.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is Principle of Communication figure of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a deformation monitoring station structure synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the schematic block circuit diagram of the deformation monitoring embodiment of station host of the present invention;
Annexation figure when Fig. 5 adopts the public network radio communication for the present invention between deformation monitoring net and the data center.
Among the figure: 1, deformation monitoring station, 2, data center, 3, communication network, 4, deformation monitoring station host, 5, wind and optical energy integrated open-air power supply, 41, host housing, 42, circuit board, 43, processing unit, 44, the GPS module, 45, wireless communication module, 46, wire communication module, 47, power management module, 48, the multichannel interface, 49, storage unit, 50, gps antenna, 51, communication antenna, 501, wind energy/luminous energy is gathered converter, and 502, power-supply controller of electric, 503, accumulator.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the integrated deformation monitoring of 4S system comprises deformation monitoring station 1, data center 2 and communication network 3, and data center 2 links to each other with deformation monitoring station 1 by communication network 3.Described data center 2 can be the computer server that is connected on the Internet, and when the business data processing amount was bigger, data center can be the LAN (Local Area Network) that is connected on the Internet also, and many computer servers are set in the LAN (Local Area Network).Communication network 3 is the ties that connect deformation monitoring station 1 and data center 2, by communication network 3 deformation monitoring station 1 and data center 2 is connected into an integral body to realize systemic-function.Communication network 3 is one or more in the cordless communication networks such as GPRS, CDMA, 3G, WIFI MANET, ZigBee MANET, also can be wireline communication network, and list is used or be multiplexing according to actual needs, and its Principle of Communication as shown in Figure 2.
Be illustrated in figure 3 as the structural representation at deformation monitoring station 1, deformation monitoring station 1 is made up of deformation monitoring station host 4 and wind and optical energy integrated open-air power supply 5.Wherein deformation monitoring station main frame 4 comprises: host housing 41 and the circuit board 42 that is installed in the host housing 41 are formed; The user can select for use or self manufacture host housing 41 as required; Described circuit board 42 is welded to form by each unit module, comprises processing unit 43, and the GPS module 44 that is attached thereto, wireless communication module 45, wire communication module 46, power management module 47, multichannel interface 48, storage unit 49; Described power management module 47 connects the power input of above-mentioned other modules; Described GPS module 44 connects gps antenna 50; Described wireless communication module 45 connects communication antenna 51.Described wireless communication module 45 comprises one or more combination of existing communication modes such as 2.5G, 3G, WIFI, ZigBee, radio station.Described processing unit 43 is formed minimal processing unit by CPU, Installed System Memory SDRAM, system flash Nand Flash, and described processing unit 43 is selected the cpu chip of embedded-type ARM kernel for use.CPU can adopt 32 8-digit microcontroller STM32F103Rx family chips of ARM CortexTM-M3 framework etc., is illustrated in figure 4 as the schematic block circuit diagram of a kind of embodiment of deformation monitoring station host.Under the incorporate resource distribution advantage of 4S, GPS deformation monitoring main frame (containing gps antenna) has global lowest production cost when the equivalent technology index.During actual market was used, the production cost when adopting wireless public network communication was approximately 2433 yuans/cover; Production cost when adopting wired public network to communicate by letter is approximately 2513 yuans/cover; Production cost when adopting GPS module (oemstar, Novatel series etc.), GPRS module (sim300c, Siemens, Huawei etc.), wire transmission module (wired and wireless and deposit) is approximately 2663 yuan.Under the equivalent technology index, the price of deformation monitoring station host is convenient to penetration and promotion well below the market like product.
Wind and optical energy integrated open-air power supply 5, the wind energy that comprises open-air protective housing and connect successively/luminous energy is gathered converter 501, power-supply controller of electric 502 and accumulator 503; Place power-supply controller of electric 502, accumulator 503 and deformation monitoring station host 4 in the described open-air protective housing; The power input of the described deformation monitoring of described accumulator 503 connections station host 4.Described wind energy/luminous energy is gathered aerogenerator/solar panels that converter 501 can be chosen various different brands as required, settles on various bases.The user can adopt or make the open-air protective housing of various difformities and volume as required and gather converter, the supporting use of deformation monitoring station host with wind energy/luminous energy.
Described deformation monitoring station 1 is a plurality of, on each monitoring point, set up a deformation monitoring station 1, a plurality of deformation monitorings station 1 can constitute the deformation monitoring net according to the monitored area MANET, the deformation monitoring net is the monitoring means that covers a geologic hazard body, is connected with data center 2 by communication network 3.A data center 2 can only connect a deformation monitoring net, also can connect a plurality of deformation monitoring nets simultaneously and resolve synchronously.Communication network 3 is being realized in real time seamless interconnectedly between deformation monitoring net and the deformation monitoring net, between deformation monitoring net and the data center, constitute a class and do not have function restriction, no distance limit, do not have the brand-new system that interior industry out of trade limits.Be illustrated in figure 5 as the annexation between the deformation monitoring net and data center when only adopting public network radio communication (communication modes such as GPRS, CDMA, 3G).In the deformation monitoring net, the monitoring station that select that a some position is firm, broad view, gps signal is good is as base station, finish synchronous acquisition with other many deformation monitoring stations, upload the GPS raw data of a plurality of monitoring points on the monitoring body (when monitoring is provided with n platform deformation monitoring station when (containing base station) on the body, three-dimensional deformation monitoring subnet has n (n-1)/2 datum line, and the three-dimensional coordinate at deformation monitoring station and datum line have reflected the millimeter level distortion that the monitoring body develops in time over time).
Described data center 2 bears that the GPS difference is resolved, GIS topomap and RS remote sensing image display application, GPS, GIS, RS data fusion, realize that by CS open-air GPS deformation detects the each task such as integrated of net and interior industry work, and it comprises management control module 24 and the data acquisition module 21 that is connected respectively with management control module 24, data processing module 22, data analysis module 23.Data acquisition module 21 has functions such as data acquisition configuration, data acquisition, data decode, information demonstration and data preservation.Data processing module 22 can be finished Data Format Transform, cleaning, data solver, coordinate conversion, output as a result, data compression and unloading, accuracy assessment, work such as warehouse-in as a result automatically, is the core of GPS real-time deformation monitoring system software; Specifically comprise the period separate processing capacity, free net adjustment function, in real time single epoch processing capacity, grade estimation is controlled and the preservation of manual handle function, data and destination file and the data scrubbing function of workspace etc. with analytic function, warning function, run-time error.Data analysis module 23 can carry out functions such as coordinate conversion, deformation parameter precision and sensitivity analysis, baseline stability analysis, deflection time series analysis, graphic presentation and output automatically; The functions such as stability analysis function, displacement graph, distortion early warning that specifically comprise coordinate conversion, precision analysis function, the working base point of observation period of WGS-84 coordinate system and engineering coordinate system.Management control module 24 major functions comprise receiver management, the information management of deformation monitoring station, conversion parameter management, graphic presentation and function are set etc.
The present invention also provides a kind of 4S integrated deformation monitoring method, may further comprise the steps:
Step S1: select the monitoring point according to monitoring range, dispose the deformation monitoring station, information such as configuration parameter;
Step S2: deformation real-time continuous on-line monitoring is carried out at each deformation monitoring station, and gps data is uploaded gps data with fixing frequency to data center by communication network;
Step S3: data center receives the gps data that upload at each deformation monitoring station, and carries out convergence analysis with Geographic Information System (GIS) data, remotely-sensed data and handle;
Step S4: the display analysis result of data center, and determine whether to report to the police according to threshold value.
Described step S3 also comprises step S31: data center issues configuration-direct information by communication network, to adjust the configuration of deformation monitoring station.
The present invention is a fundamental element with the original function of GPS, CS, GIS, RS, reorganize according to Principles of Computer Composition according to demand, realize new embedded system by the close physical structure on the hardware, form new ergasia by data fusion on the software.Data acquisition: concrete field equipment is a central processing unit with the embedded-type ARM kernel, on the basis of minimal processing unit, adopt embedded system platform, accept gps signal and real-time Transmission to data center by the GPS module/antenna of open-air deformation monitoring station host; Data transmission: by 2.5G or 3G public radio communication network and the long-range data center that is connected of wired Internet, realize the integrated of cloud computing and interior industry out of trade in the region that possesses the public network communication condition.Adopt MANET short-range wireless communication, public network remote radio communication, the parallel mode of wired network communication to satisfy the communication requirement of difference in functionality in the local region that does not possess the public network communication condition; Communication keeps: self-detection, the adaptive design that can carry out system according to the public network communication quality under the various conditions such as different time sections of different time sections, different region, identical region, to guarantee communication quality, industry work and field process is long-range integrated in effective the realization.The Principle of Communication of system, implementation method and technology path are that system is based upon on many nets fusions basis of existing network, realize that all data flow the Internets are concentrated, converge to IP.That each deformation monitoring station has all had is real-time, and " cloud computing and " storehouse, high in the clouds " function; be the large complicated computing demand at each deformation monitoring station and the real time data of the high-volume database demand of inquiring about/obtain all transferred to data center by communication system CS function finish this means that each deformation monitoring station all " carried " two and be positioned at the large server of " high in the clouds over there ": high performance computing service device, high-volume database server.Each center all have no distance limit a plurality of real-time multiple information collector (deformation monitoring station) and by communication system CS function realize between deformation monitoring station colony and the central population, real-time data between deformation monitoring station and the deformation monitoring station, between the Center-to-Center are interconnected.The system that deformation monitoring station and data center constitute is an interior field operation seamless integral body of seamless interconnected, no capacity limits, no distance limit, no application limitations in real time.System realizes high-quality real-time seamless link by the communication of many nets fusion type, the fusion of industry and field operation in realizing, industry action out of trade and workflow is integrated in realizing, realizes a large amount of geologic hazard bodies that are distributed in the nationwide are carried out the overall situation, real-time, long-range, automatic, synchronous, long-continued comprehensive monitoring.
Native system is surveyed and drawn the technical appraisement of certifying agency Hubei Province instrument of surveying and mapping characterization test institute through national first class: the integrated deformation monitoring of 4S system is the high precision monitor system that real-time deformation monitoring is carried out in the production that is applied to geologic hazard monitoring, slope excavating, constructing tunnel, underground mineral, the earth deformation that the variation of the urban groundwater water yield causes etc., and its relative accuracy reaches 1/,186 ten thousand; Absolute error is: resolve (inferior/0.5h-1h): lateral error is less than 2mm, vertical error 3mm; afterwards Real-time resolving (inferior/1s-10s): lateral error is smaller or equal to 3mm, and vertical error is less than 5mm.
Claims (10)
1.4S integrated deformation monitoring system is characterized in that, comprising:
The deformation monitoring station is made up of deformation monitoring station host and wind and optical energy integrated open-air power supply;
Data center links to each other with described deformation monitoring station by communication network, is used for carrying out fusion treatment from the gps data at deformation monitoring station and with Geographic Information System (GIS) data, remotely-sensed data, and the deformation monitoring station is controlled.
2. the integrated deformation monitoring of 4S according to claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: described deformation monitoring station is a plurality of, a plurality of deformation monitorings station can constitute the deformation monitoring net according to the monitored area MANET, and described deformation monitoring Netcom crosses described communication network and is connected with described data center.
3. the integrated deformation monitoring of 4S according to claim 1 system is characterized in that: described deformation monitoring station host comprises: host housing and the circuit board that is installed in the host housing are formed; Described circuit board is welded to form by each unit module, comprises processing unit, and the GPS module that is attached thereto, wireless communication module, wire communication module, power management module, multichannel interface, storage unit; Described power management module connects the power input of above-mentioned other modules; Described GPS module connects gps antenna; Described wireless communication module connects communication antenna.
4. the integrated deformation monitoring of 4S according to claim 1 system is characterized in that: described wind and optical energy integrated open-air power supply, and the wind energy that comprises open-air protective housing and connect successively/luminous energy is gathered converter, power-supply controller of electric and accumulator; Place power-supply controller of electric, accumulator and deformation monitoring station host in the described open-air protective housing; Described accumulator connects the power input of described deformation monitoring station host.
5. the integrated deformation monitoring of 4S according to claim 1 system is characterized in that: described data center comprises management control module and the data acquisition module that is connected respectively with management control module, data processing module, data analysis module.
6. the integrated deformation monitoring of 4S according to claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: described communication network is one or more in the cordless communication networks such as GPRS, CDMA, 3G, WIFI MANET, ZigBee MANET, also can be wireline communication network.
7. the integrated deformation monitoring of 4S according to claim 3 system is characterized in that: described wireless communication module comprises one or more combination of existing communication modes such as 2.5G, 3G, WIFI, ZigBee, radio station.
8. the integrated deformation monitoring of 4S according to claim 3 system, it is characterized in that: described processing unit is formed minimal processing unit by CPU, Installed System Memory SDRAM, system flash Nand Flash, and described processing unit is selected the cpu chip of embedded-type ARM kernel for use.
9. the integrated deformation monitoring method of 4S is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Step S1: select the monitoring point according to monitoring range, dispose the deformation monitoring station, information such as configuration parameter;
Step S2: deformation real-time continuous on-line monitoring is carried out at each deformation monitoring station, and gps data is uploaded gps data with fixing frequency to data center by communication network;
Step S3: data center receives the gps data that upload at each deformation monitoring station, and carries out convergence analysis with Geographic Information System (GIS) data, remotely-sensed data and handle;
Step S4: the display analysis result of data center, and determine whether to report to the police according to threshold value.
10. the integrated deformation monitoring method of 4S according to claim 9 is characterized in that: described step S3 also comprises step S31: data center issues configuration-direct information by communication network, to adjust the configuration of deformation monitoring station.
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| CN113503852A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-10-15 | 南京信息工程大学 | Continuous automatic monitoring device of frozen soil district earth's surface deformation |
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Application publication date: 20130724 |