CN109059849A - A kind of surface subsidence prediction technique based on InSAR technology in remote sensing - Google Patents
A kind of surface subsidence prediction technique based on InSAR technology in remote sensing Download PDFInfo
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- CN109059849A CN109059849A CN201811140372.9A CN201811140372A CN109059849A CN 109059849 A CN109059849 A CN 109059849A CN 201811140372 A CN201811140372 A CN 201811140372A CN 109059849 A CN109059849 A CN 109059849A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
- G01S13/9021—SAR image post-processing techniques
- G01S13/9023—SAR image post-processing techniques combined with interferometric techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
- G01S13/904—SAR modes
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Abstract
The present invention is suitable for Detect Urban Geologic Hazards technical field, provides a kind of surface subsidence prediction technique based on InSAR technology in remote sensing, comprising the following steps: step S1: carrying out ground data acquisition using InSAR technology in remote sensing；Step S2: collected radar data is analyzed and processed: the coordinate system of spaceborne and airborne PSInSAR observed result step S3: is subjected to unification；Step S4: spaceborne and airborne PSInSAR observation reference data is subjected to unification；Step S5: spaceborne and airborne PSInSAR observation rate of settling result compensated to datum drift carries out correlation calculations and accuracy test；Step S6: the time-series fusion of spaceborne and airborne PSInSAR observation sedimentation cumulant；Step S7: surface subsidence prediction is carried out by dem data model, when progress image is integrated, airborne radar data PSInSAR can be not affected by atmospheric effects, so that from the reaction surface subsidence that can be more accurate of image as a result, preferably accurately being predicted surface subsidence in turn.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Detect Urban Geologic Hazards technical field more particularly to a kind of ground based on InSAR technology in remote sensing
Settlement prediction method.
Background technique
Surface subsidence is under the collective effect of natural cause and human factor, and a kind of generated earth's surface elevation slowly drops
Low geological phenomenon is a kind of permanent environment and resources loss being difficult to compensate for, and can induce a series of other environment
Disaster, forming process is slow, causes to be not easy to be noticeable in the short time, and micro sedimentation needs to be sent out by precision instrument
It is existing, easily ignored by people, surface subsidence is to occur in many cases in densely populated, industry prosperity city, endangers face
Extensively, it destroys seriously, and infall process is irreversible.In order to prevent geological disaster caused by surface subsidence and reduce economic damage
It loses, we have invented reasonable Forecasting Model of Land Subsidence, predict surface subsidence, largely find in advance different
Normal geological phenomenon, prevents disaster.
Information collection, spaceborne PSInSAR are carried out due to single spaceborne PSInSAR technology on a surface target in the prior art
The shortcomings that observation technology, is, for surface subsidence, the mainly geology due to caused by the water in excessive exploitation artesian aquifer
Disaster, additionally due to exploiting colliery and petroleum, underground heat and Human Architecture construction will also result in surface subsidence, earthquake with front,
The geological disasters such as volcanic eruption are different, and this surface subsidence is generally slow deformation, time span several years, therefore time span is big
And atmospheric effect becomes the principal element for limiting spaceborne PSInSAR applied to surface subsidence.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of surface subsidence prediction technique based on InSAR technology in remote sensing, it is intended to prevent urban ground
Sedimentation solves surface subsidence and gives city bring geological hazards.Surface subsidence is mainly since excessive exploitation pressure-bearing is aqueous
Geological disaster caused by water in layer, additionally due to exploiting colliery and petroleum, underground heat and Human Architecture construction will also result in ground
Face sedimentation, different from the geological disasters such as the earthquake of front, volcanic eruption, this surface subsidence is generally slow deformation, when span
Degree year, therefore time span is greater than and atmospheric effect becomes the principal element for limiting spaceborne PSInSAR applied to surface subsidence.
The invention is realized in this way a kind of surface subsidence prediction technique based on InSAR technology in remote sensing, including it is following
Step:
Step S1: ground data acquisition is carried out using InSAR technology in remote sensing, uses PSInSAR pairs of spaceborne radar data
The a wide range of conventional ground that carries out settles information collection, then using airborne radar data PSInSAR to specified surface subsidence data
It is acquired；
Step S2: being analyzed and processed collected radar data, and collected surface subsidence information is converted to figure
As being transferred to ground base station by telecommunication technique after information.
Step S3: spaceborne and airborne PSInSAR observation is subjected to coordinate system and carries out unification, geocoding is carried out, entangles
Positive model completes accuracy registration；
Step S4: the reference data of spaceborne and airborne PSInSAR observation is subjected to unification, and then extracts surface subsidence
Rate；
Step S5: the compensated spaceborne and airborne PSInSAR observation rate of settling of datum drift is subjected to correlation meter
The inspection with precision is calculated, the PSInSAR observation rate value for extracting same coherent target carries out statistical comparison, then carries out correlometer
It calculates；
Step S6: time-series fusion first is carried out to spaceborne and airborne PSInSAR sedimentation cumulant, then deformation sequence is carried out
Then overall rate drift correction compensates overall rate deviation and time deviation, to obtain the encryption of Coherent Targets point
PSInSAR deformation (sedimentation) observation sequence afterwards；
Step S7: surface subsidence prediction is carried out by data model, by spaceborne radar data PSInSAR and airborne radar number
It is updated in data model according to PSInSAR observation deformation coefficient, by the variation of DEM, predicts the deformation rule of later period surface subsidence
Rule, to carry out surface subsidence prediction.
Preferably, the operating procedure of the step S1 further include: spaceborne radar data PSInSAR is collected routinely
Face settles information collection and is labeled as main image, and the collected specified surface subsidence information mark of airborne radar data PSInSAR
It is denoted as from image.
Preferably, the radar carrying tool of airborne radar data PSInSAR can be the low latitudes such as aircraft, airship and unmanned plane
Aircraft is equipped with airborne radar on aircraft, allows aircraft in target area in the observation to regional land subsidence coefficient
Overhead carries out constant speed flight, and airborne radar data PSInSAR is monitored the surface subsidence result in region.
Preferably, the flying height of the aircraft is not higher than the troposphere of atmosphere, and the aircraft passes through wireless network
It is communicated in real time with ground base station.
Preferably, the carrier satellite of the spaceborne radar is synchronous satellite, and satellite orbit is ellipse, and 35 degree of inclination angle is high
Spend 3.6 ten thousand kilometers.
Preferably, the quantity of the airborne radar is multiple, and the quantity of the airborne radar is according to monitored region area
Size depending on.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: a kind of ground based on InSAR technology in remote sensing of the invention
Settlement prediction method in face is improved by the way that the spaceborne radar data PSInSAR and airborne radar data PSInSAR is arranged to area
The accuracy of observation of domain surface subsidence coefficient, when in use, airborne radar data PSInSAR adopt specified surface subsidence data
Collection, carry out image integrate when, airborne radar data PSInSAR is not affected by atmospheric effects so that from image can be more accurate
Reaction ground sedimentation coefficient, and then preferably surface subsidence is accurately predicted.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is workflow schematic diagram of the invention；
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention provides a kind of technical solution: a kind of surface subsidence based on InSAR technology in remote sensing is pre-
Survey method, comprising the following steps:
Step S1: ground data acquisition is carried out using InSAR technology in remote sensing, uses PSInSAR pairs of spaceborne radar data
The a wide range of conventional ground that carries out settles information collection, then using airborne radar data PSInSAR to specified surface subsidence data
It is acquired；
Conventional ground sedimentation information collection is carried out to a wide range of specifically, first passing through spaceborne radar data PSInSAR, by star
It carries the collected conventional ground sedimentation information of radar data PSInSAR to be marked, then uses airborne radar data PSInSAR
Specified surface subsidence data are acquired, when to regional land subsidence result viewing, airborne radar data PSInSAR can
To in region surface subsidence result monitoring, and the collected specified surface subsidence information of airborne radar data PSInSAR into
Line flag.
Step S2: being analyzed and processed collected radar data, and collected surface subsidence information is converted to figure
As being transferred to ground base station by telecommunication technique after information；
Specifically, when spaceborne radar data PSInSAR and airborne radar data PSInSAR adopts surface subsidence information
After collection, spaceborne radar and airborne radar pass through the wireless signal image information that base station transmission of monitoring arrives to the ground, ground base station
After being received to information, uniformly it is analyzed and processed.
Step S3: spaceborne and airborne PSInSAR observation is subjected to coordinate system and carries out unification, geocoding is carried out, entangles
Positive model completes accuracy registration；
Specifically, carrying out ground respectively for the spaceborne radar data PSInSAR and airborne radar data PSInSAR image acquired
Reason coding, and realize that the coordinate of the rate of settling figure of spaceborne radar data PSInSAR and airborne radar data PSInSAR processing turns
It changes, determines that spaceborne radar data PSInSAR is being obtained after the average radar intensity image in high-altitude under earth axes, application
Multinomial rectification model completes airborne radar track and accuracy registration of the spaceborne radar track under earth axes, with into one
Step improves the registration accuracy of spaceborne radar data PSInSAR and airborne radar data PSInSAR.
Step S4: the reference data of spaceborne and airborne PSInSAR observation is subjected to unification, and then extracts surface subsidence
Rate；
Specifically, firstly, extracting the ground of Coherent Targets on spaceborne radar track under the premise of selected spaceborne radar track
Surface sedimentation rate；Secondly, the PSInSAR observation data to airborne radar track carry out interpolation processing, continuously distributed sink is generated
Drop face；Then, according to the spatial position of Coherent Targets on spaceborne radar track, the heavy of corresponding position on airborne radar track is extracted
Parameter drops；Finally, resolving the whole deviation between airborne radar and spaceborne radar track using statistical method.
Step S5: the compensated spaceborne and airborne PSInSAR observation rate of settling of datum drift is subjected to correlation meter
The inspection with precision is calculated, the PSInSAR observation rate value for extracting same coherent target carries out statistical comparison, then carries out correlometer
It calculates；
Specifically, on the basis of completing spaceborne radar track PSInSAR observation coordinate system and reference data is unified, to star
It carries radar data PSInSAR and airborne radar data PSInSAR observation sample carries out correlation calculations, further prove spaceborne thunder
Up to data PSInSAR and airborne radar data PSInSAR observed result be not both as radar track it is different caused by.To examine
Spaceborne radar data PSInSAR and airborne radar data PSInSAR observes deformation, that is, rate of settling precision, directly utilizes extraction
Spaceborne radar data PSInSAR and airborne radar data PSInSAR same coherent target point PSInSAR observe rate value into
Then row statistical comparison carries out relevant calculation using the mean square deviation of mutual deviation as statistical indicator.
Step S6: time-series fusion first is carried out to spaceborne and airborne PSInSAR sedimentation cumulant, then deformation sequence is carried out
Then overall rate drift correction compensates overall rate deviation and time deviation, to obtain the encryption of Coherent Targets point
PSInSAR deformation (sedimentation) observation sequence afterwards；
Specifically, first overall rate drift correction is carried out to the deformation sequence under airborne radar track, then to relevant mesh
Target overall rate deviation compensation and time deviation compensation, the spaceborne deformation cumulant sequence under airborne radar track uniformly arrive
On identical time and georeferencing benchmark, to obtain encrypted PSInSAR deformation (sedimentation) observation sequence of Coherent Targets.
Step S7: surface subsidence prediction is carried out by data model, by spaceborne radar data PSInSAR and airborne radar number
It is updated in data model according to PSInSAR observation deformation coefficient, by the variation of DEM, predicts the deformation rule of later period surface subsidence
Rule, to carry out surface subsidence prediction.
Specifically, digital elevation model (Digital Elevation Model), vehicle economy M is by limited landform
Altitude data realizes to the digitized simulation (i.e. the digital expression of topographical surface form) of ground surface or terrain, it be with one group it is orderly
Array of values form indicates a kind of actual ground model of ground elevation, is digital terrain model (Digital Terrain
Model, abbreviation DTM) a branch, thus various other topographic index can derive from, it is considered that, DTM is description packet
The various geomorphologic factors including elevation are included, as the linear and nonlinear including the gradient, slope aspect, the change of slope factor combines
Spatial distribution, wherein DEM is the simple individual event digital land value model model of zeroth order, other are such as the gradient, slope aspect and change of slope etc.
Looks characteristic can derive from the basis of DEM, and spaceborne radar data PSInSAR and airborne radar data PSInSAR is observed deformation
Coefficient is updated in dem data model, to carry out surface subsidence prediction.
In the present embodiment, it is improved by setting spaceborne radar data PSInSAR and airborne radar data PSInSAR
To the observation precision of regional land subsidence coefficient, when in use, airborne radar data PSInSAR is to specified surface subsidence data
It is acquired, compares existing monitoring method, the resolution ratio of airborne radar data PSInSAR is higher, is better able to accurately anti-
The Deposition Situation on ground is answered, is supported to provide more accurate data for subsequent prediction, meanwhile, airborne radar data
PSInSAR, so that monitoring result is more accurate, can be more conducive to carrying out surface subsidence to the influence for avoiding atmospheric factor
Prediction.
Further, the operating procedure of step S1 further include: by the collected conventional ground of spaceborne radar data PSInSAR
It settles information collection and is labeled as main image, and the collected specified surface subsidence information flag of airborne radar data PSInSAR
For from image.
In the present embodiment, in collection process, spaceborne radar data PSInSAR sinks to a wide range of conventional ground that carries out
Information collection is dropped, is main image by the collected conventional ground sedimentation information flag of spaceborne radar data PSInSAR, then uses
Airborne radar data PSInSAR is acquired specified surface subsidence data, in the observation to regional land subsidence coefficient, makes
The surface subsidence coefficient in region can be monitored by obtaining airborne radar data PSInSAR, and airborne radar data PSInSAR is adopted
The specified surface subsidence information flag integrated is main image.
The radar carrying tool of further airborne radar data PSInSAR can be low for aircraft, airship and unmanned plane etc.
Empty aircraft is equipped with airborne radar on aircraft, allows aircraft in target area in the observation to regional land subsidence coefficient
Domain overhead carries out constant speed flight, and airborne radar data PSInSAR is monitored the surface subsidence result in region.
In the present embodiment, airborne radar data PSInSAR can carry out the surface subsidence situation in region real-time
Monitoring, compare existing monitoring method, the resolution ratio of airborne radar data PSInSAR is higher, can more accurately corresponsively
The Deposition Situation in face is supported to provide more accurate data for subsequent prediction.
Further, the flying height of aircraft is not higher than the troposphere of atmosphere, and the aircraft passes through wireless network reality
When and ground base station communicated.
In the present embodiment, the flying height of aircraft is not higher than the troposphere of atmosphere, avoids stratospheric big
Influence of the gas factor to radar monitoring result, reduces the error of monitoring result, being capable of real-time control flight by ground base station
The course line of device, so that monitoring is more efficient.
Further, the carrier satellite of spaceborne radar is synchronous satellite, and satellite orbit is ellipse, 35 degree of inclination angle, height 3.6
Ten thousand kilometers.
In the present embodiment, geostationary satellite, that is, geo-synchronous orbit satellite, also known as geostationary satellite are operations
Artificial satellite on geostationary orbit, the height of the satellite distance earth are about 36000km, the traffic direction and the earth of satellite
Sense of rotation is identical, running track be on earth equatorial plane circuit orbit, the cycle of operation and earth rotation one week when
Between it is equal, i.e., 56 divide 4 seconds when 23, and satellite detour speed in orbit is about 3.1 kilometer per seconds, and operation angular speed is equal to ground
The angular speed of revolutions, to improve the efficiency to ground monitoring.
Further, the quantity of airborne radar is multiple, and the quantity of the airborne radar is according to monitored region area
Depending on size.
In the present embodiment, when in use, airborne radar data PSInSAR adopts specified surface subsidence data
Collection can increase the quantity of airborne radar when to specified terrestrial information acquisition is carried out on a large scale according to ground size,
To reach monitoring effect rapidly and efficiently.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of surface subsidence prediction technique based on InSAR technology in remote sensing, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
Step S1: ground data acquisition is carried out using InSAR technology in remote sensing, using spaceborne radar data PSInSAR to big model
It encloses and carries out conventional ground sedimentation information collection, then specified surface subsidence data are carried out using airborne radar data PSInSAR
Acquisition；
Step S2: being analyzed and processed collected radar data, and collected surface subsidence information is converted to image letter
After breath, ground base station is transferred to by telecommunication technique.
Step S3: spaceborne and airborne PSInSAR observation is subjected to coordinate system and carries out unification, carries out geocoding, corrects mould
Type completes accuracy registration；
Step S4: the reference data of spaceborne and airborne PSInSAR observation is subjected to unification, and then extracts surface subsidence speed
Rate；
Step S5: by datum drift it is compensated spaceborne and airborne PSInSAR observation the rate of settling carry out correlation calculations with
The inspection of precision, the PSInSAR observation rate value for extracting same coherent target carry out statistical comparison, then carry out relevant calculation；
Step S6: time-series fusion first is carried out to spaceborne and airborne PSInSAR sedimentation cumulant, then deformation sequence is carried out whole
Rate variance amendment, then compensates overall rate deviation and time deviation, so that it is encrypted to obtain Coherent Targets point
PSInSAR deformation (sedimentation) observation sequence；
Step S7: surface subsidence prediction is carried out by data model, by spaceborne radar data PSInSAR and airborne radar data
PSInSAR observation deformation coefficient is updated in data model, by the variation of DEM, predicts the Deformation Law of later period surface subsidence,
To carry out surface subsidence prediction.
2. a kind of surface subsidence prediction technique based on InSAR technology in remote sensing as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The operating procedure of the step S1 further include: the collected conventional ground of spaceborne radar data PSInSAR is settled into information collection
It is from image labeled as main image, and the collected specified surface subsidence information flag of airborne radar data PSInSAR.
3. such as a kind of surface subsidence prediction technique based on InSAR technology in remote sensing claimed in claims 1-2, feature exists
In: the radar carrying tool of airborne radar data PSInSAR can be the low flyers such as aircraft, airship and unmanned plane, right
When the observation of regional land subsidence coefficient, airborne radar is installed on aircraft, aircraft is allowed to be determined in target area overhead
Speed flight, enables airborne radar data PSInSAR to be monitored the surface subsidence result in region.
4. a kind of surface subsidence prediction technique based on InSAR technology in remote sensing as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that:
The flying height of the aircraft be not higher than atmosphere troposphere, the aircraft by wireless network in real time and ground base station into
Row communication.
5. a kind of surface subsidence prediction technique based on InSAR technology in remote sensing as described in claim 1-4, feature exist
In: the carrier satellite of the spaceborne radar is synchronous satellite, and satellite orbit is ellipse, 35 degree of inclination angle, 3.6 ten thousand kilometers of height.
6. a kind of surface subsidence prediction technique based on InSAR technology in remote sensing as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that:
The quantity of the airborne radar be it is multiple, the quantity of the airborne radar is depending on the size of monitored region area.
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