CN109059629B - Track of electromagnetic rail gun based on deionized water cooling - Google Patents
Track of electromagnetic rail gun based on deionized water cooling Download PDFInfo
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- CN109059629B CN109059629B CN201810950283.4A CN201810950283A CN109059629B CN 109059629 B CN109059629 B CN 109059629B CN 201810950283 A CN201810950283 A CN 201810950283A CN 109059629 B CN109059629 B CN 109059629B
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- track
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- cooling
- water inlet
- inlet pipe
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41B—WEAPONS FOR PROJECTING MISSILES WITHOUT USE OF EXPLOSIVE OR COMBUSTIBLE PROPELLANT CHARGE; WEAPONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F41B6/00—Electromagnetic launchers ; Plasma-actuated launchers
- F41B6/006—Rail launchers
Abstract
The invention relates to a track of an electromagnetic rail gun based on deionized water cooling, belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic rail guns, and solves the problem that the conventional track cannot be efficiently cooled in real time. A U-shaped cooling pipeline is arranged in the track; the cooling duct includes: 1 water inlet pipe, 1 water outlet pipe and a connecting pipe; the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are arranged along the extending direction of the track and are connected through a connecting pipe; the cooling pipeline is internally communicated with deionized water, so that the cooling pipeline is communicated with a liquid circulation system. The invention not only ensures good conductive effect, but also can cool the track, reduces the heat generated on the track, can not affect the service life of the track, can timely dissipate the heat in the bore, reduces the occurrence of ablation and the like, and improves the efficiency of the electromagnetic track gun when continuously launching.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electromagnetic rail guns, in particular to a rail of an electromagnetic rail gun based on deionized water cooling.
Background
The electromagnetic rail gun is a new-concept weapon and its main principle is to use pulse large current to produce electromagnetic force to accelerate the projectile. The magnitude of the electromagnetic force is in direct proportion to the square of the current, and the electromagnetic force can be controlled by controlling the magnitude of the current, so that the acceleration process of the projectile is controlled.
For the continuous-transmitting electromagnetic rail gun, in the armature transmitting process, due to the electrical contact problem of the pivot rail, a large amount of heat is generated on the contact surface of the pivot rail, and continuous transmission can cause insufficient heat dissipation in a gun bore, so that the surface of the rail is ablated and the like, and the surface of the rail is damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a rail for an electromagnetic rail gun based on deionized water cooling, so as to solve the problem that the existing rail has no way to perform efficient real-time cooling.
The purpose of the invention is mainly realized by the following technical scheme:
on one hand, the track of the electromagnetic rail gun based on deionized water cooling is characterized in that a U-shaped cooling pipeline is arranged in the track; the cooling duct includes: 1 water inlet pipe, 1 water outlet pipe and a connecting pipe; the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are arranged along the extending direction of the track and are connected through a connecting pipe; the cooling pipeline is internally communicated with deionized water, so that the cooling pipeline is communicated with a liquid circulation system.
In the embodiment of the invention, the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe both penetrate out from one end of the track far away from the muzzle; the connecting pipe is arranged inside one end of the track close to the muzzle.
In the embodiment of the invention, the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are arranged side by side on a plane parallel to the base surfaces of the track and the armature.
In the embodiment of the invention, the center of the contact surface of the track is provided with a curved surface bulge, and the curved surface bulge is arranged along the extending direction of the track;
the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are both arranged in the part of the track covered by the curved surface protrusion, and the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are symmetrical about the axis of the track.
In the embodiment of the invention, the distance from any point on the contact surface of the track to any point on the cooling pipeline is more than or equal to 1 cm.
In the embodiment of the invention, the distance from any point on the water inlet pipe to any point on the water outlet pipe is more than or equal to 1 cm.
In the embodiment of the invention, the liquid circulating system comprises a water pump, a water tank and a cooling device;
the water pump is connected with the water tank, and the cooling device is arranged in the water tank; the water pump is connected with the water inlet pipe; the water tank is connected with the water outlet pipe.
In the embodiment of the invention, the guide surface of the track, which is in contact with the armature, is provided with the curved surface bulge.
In another aspect, an electromagnetic orbital cannon includes an orbit and an armature; the track is the track of the deionized water cooling-based electromagnetic rail gun of the embodiment; the tracks are provided with 2 tracks which are arranged in parallel, and the curved surface bulges of the 2 tracks are arranged oppositely; the armature moves between 2 tracks.
In the embodiment of the invention, the contact surface of the armature and the track is provided with the curved surface recess, and the shape, the size and the position of the curved surface recess are the same as those of the curved surface protrusion.
The technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the cooling pipeline is arranged in the track, and the deionized water is introduced into the cooling pipeline, so that a good conductive effect is ensured, the track can be cooled, the heat generated on the track is reduced, the service life of the track cannot be influenced, the heat in a gun bore can be dissipated in time, the situations of ablation and the like are reduced, and the efficiency of the electromagnetic rail gun in continuous launching is improved;
2. according to the invention, the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are reasonably arranged, so that the cooling effect is improved and local phenomena such as ablation and the like are prevented under the condition of not influencing the current density.
In the invention, the technical schemes can be combined with each other to realize more preferable combination schemes. Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, wherein like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electromagnetic orbital gun according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a track according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal cross-section of a rail according to an embodiment of the present invention;
reference numerals:
1-a track; 2-an armature; 3-a pulse power supply; 4-water inlet pipe; 5-water outlet pipe; 6-connecting pipe.
Detailed Description
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention.
The working principle of the electromagnetic rail gun is simple and is made according to the electromagnetic induction law in physics. The two guide rails are parallel to each other, the launching assembly slides along the axial direction of the guide rails, the armature 2 is used for transmitting current between the two guide rails and receiving the action of Lorentz force to push the projectile to do accelerated motion to a muzzle, and the electromagnetic energy is converted into kinetic energy. During firing, current is passed through the ends of the rails, flows along one rail, through the armature 2, and flows back along the other rail to form a closed loop. When the armature 2 reaches the muzzle, the bullet in front of the armature 2 and the armature 2 obtains high speed, and the bullet breaks away from the circuit or the track 1 and starts free flight.
For the continuous-transmitting electromagnetic rail gun, in the transmitting process of the armature 2, due to the electrical contact problem of the pivot rail, a large amount of heat is generated on the contact surface of the pivot rail, and continuous transmission can cause insufficient heat dissipation in a gun bore, so that the surface of the rail 1 is ablated and the like, and the surface of the rail 1 is damaged. Thermal management within the bore is important to reduce damage to the rail 1, and an effective way is to cool the rail 1 in real time.
The embodiment of the invention mainly comprises the following steps: under the condition of not influencing current density, a cooling pipeline is arranged on the track 1, the cooling pipeline penetrates through the whole track 1 from the tail position of a gun, but does not reach the muzzle position, turns and returns to the muzzle position, and the cooling pipeline is equivalent to two cooling pipelines on the whole track 1.
The embodiment of the invention provides a track of an electromagnetic rail gun based on deionized water cooling, wherein a U-shaped cooling pipeline is arranged in the track 1; the cooling duct includes: 1 water inlet pipe 4, 1 water outlet pipe 5 and a connecting pipe 6; the water inlet pipe 4 and the water outlet pipe 5 are both arranged along the extending direction of the track 1, and the water inlet pipe 4 and the water outlet pipe 5 are connected through a connecting pipe 6; the cooling pipeline is internally communicated with deionized water, so that the cooling pipeline is communicated with a liquid circulation system.
The purpose of cooling track 1 is can in time fully dispel the heat in the bore, reduces track 1 and receives thermal damage etc. the condition. In the launching process of the armature 2, deionized water is introduced into a cooling pipeline at the tail of the track 1 to cool the track 1 in real time, and the deionized water flows out of the cooling pipeline at the tail of the gun through the U-shaped cooling track 1.
In the embodiment of the invention, deionized water is preferably used, namely the deionized water is removed with impurities in ion form, and the resistivity can reach 18 x 106Omega.m or so, resistivity less than 10-5Ω · m is called a conductor, such as a metal material. Resistivity greater than 100 x 106Omega.m, an insulator, such as ceramic, rubber, plastic, etc. The semiconductor insulator or semiconductor is used between the two, so that the deionized water is a semiconductor, has weak conductivity, but can conduct electricity.
In order to further improve the cooling effect of the cooling pipeline on the track 1, the water inlet pipe 4 and the water outlet pipe 5 penetrate out of one end of the track 1, which is far away from the muzzle; the connecting pipe 6 is arranged inside the end of the rail 1 near the muzzle. The design enlarges the cooling area in the track 1, and the deionized water is recycled from the tail of the gun, so that the deionized water is easy to recycle and the appearance is not influenced.
During practical use, generally, in order to improve the current density in the electromagnetic rail gun to be more uniform, the center of the contact surface of the electromagnetic rail gun rail 1 is provided with a curved surface protrusion, and the curved surface protrusion is arranged along the extending direction of the electromagnetic rail gun rail 1. The curved surface protrusion can weaken the phenomenon that the current in the electromagnetic rail gun track 1 is concentrated like the four corners of the track 1, so that the current density in the electromagnetic rail gun track 1 is more uniform.
In order to make the cooling effect of the cooling pipe on the same section of the rail 1 as uniform as possible, in the embodiment of the invention, the water inlet pipe 4 and the water outlet pipe 5 are arranged side by side on a plane parallel to the base surfaces of the rail 1 and the armature 2. And the influence of the curved surface protrusion on the distribution of heat generated by the track 1 is comprehensively considered, the water inlet pipe 4 and the water outlet pipe 5 are both arranged in the part of the track 1 covered by the curved surface protrusion, and the water inlet pipe 4 and the water outlet pipe 5 are symmetrical about the axis of the track 1, namely the water inlet pipe 4 is completely superposed with the water outlet pipe 5 after rotating 180 degrees around the axis of the track 1.
For the track 1, the opening of the cooling pipeline cannot influence the conduction of the track 1 to current, and in order to ensure the energy utilization rate of the electromagnetic track cannon emission, in the embodiment of the invention, the distance from any point on the contact surface of the track 1 to any point on the cooling pipeline is more than or equal to 1 cm; the distance between any point on the water inlet pipe 4 and any point on the water outlet pipe is more than or equal to 1 cm. The local current density in the electromagnetic rail gun track 1 is too large due to the too small distance, the electromagnetic rail gun track 1 can be damaged by the generated high heat, and the energy utilization rate of emission can be reduced if the cross-sectional area of the electromagnetic rail gun track 1 is too small.
In order to make the circulation of the deionized water in the cooling pipeline smoother, in the embodiment of the invention, the liquid circulation system comprises a water pump, a water tank and a cooling device; the water pump is connected with the water tank, and the cooling device is arranged in the water tank; the water pump is connected with the water inlet pipe 4; the water tank is connected with a water outlet pipe 5. The water tank is used for storing deionized water; the deionized water is conveyed from a place with low pressure to a place with high pressure, and the temperature is kept low in the conveying process of the deionized water, so that the cold loss is reduced as much as possible. The design enlarges the cooling area in the track 1, and the deionized water is recycled from the tail of the gun, so that the appearance is not influenced, and the used deionized water is easy to recycle.
The invention aims to open a cooling pipeline in a track 1, wherein a guide rail with the cooling pipeline is arranged below a curved surface bulge at a pivot rail contact surface, and the cooling pipeline is a U-shaped channel, so that the cooling pipeline is opened at a position at least 1cm away from the topmost end of the curved surface bulge in order to reduce the influence of the cooling pipeline on current density distribution, and the cooling pipeline mainly aims at the joint of the curved surface bulge and planes at two sides. In the movement process of the armature 2, the deionized water in the deionized water tank is continuously sent to the cooling pipeline of the track 1 through the water pump, so that the effect of cooling the track 1 is achieved.
It is troublesome to open a U-shaped cooling pipe in the rail 1, and it is difficult to realize the process by directly opening a hole in the formed rail 1. In the embodiment of the invention, holes can be formed in the process of machining the track 1, or two through holes are firstly drilled on the formed track 1, then the two holes are communicated at the muzzle part, and then the redundant part is blocked. The deionized water is continuously introduced into the cooling pipeline, so that the track 1 can be continuously cooled, the energy loss on the track 1 is reduced, the conditions of thermal damage and the like of the track 1 are reduced, the accelerating force of the armature 2 is increased, and the efficiency of the system is increased.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides an electromagnetic orbital cannon comprising an orbit 1 and an armature 2; the track 1 is a track of the deionized water cooling-based electromagnetic rail gun of the embodiment; 2 tracks 1 are arranged in parallel, and the curved surface bulges of the 2 tracks 1 are oppositely arranged; the armature 2 moves between 2 tracks 1.
The working process is as follows:
the circuit is conducted, the pulse power supply 3 provides current, the current sequentially passes through the first track 1, the armature 2 and the second track 1 and returns to the pulse power supply 3, a large current induces a strong magnetic field through the guide rail loop, the current in the armature 2 interacts with the magnetic field to generate very high electromagnetic force for pushing the launching assembly to do accelerated motion forwards, when the armature 2 reaches a muzzle, the projectiles in front of the armature 2 and the armature 2 obtain high speed, and the projectiles separate from the circuit or the tracks 1 and start to fly freely.
In order to make the current transmission more effective, the surface of the armature 2 contacting the track 1 is provided with a curved surface recess, and the shape, size and position of the curved surface recess are the same as those of the curved surface protrusion.
In summary, the embodiment of the invention provides a track of an electromagnetic rail gun based on deionized water cooling, and the invention ensures good conductive effect by arranging a cooling pipeline in the track and introducing deionized water into the cooling pipeline, and can also cool the track, reduce heat generated on the track, not affect the service life of the track, dissipate heat in a gun bore in time, reduce the occurrence of ablation and the like, and improve the efficiency of the electromagnetic rail gun when continuously launching; according to the invention, the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are reasonably arranged, so that the cooling effect is improved and local phenomena such as ablation and the like are prevented under the condition of not influencing the current density.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The track of the electromagnetic rail gun based on deionized water cooling is characterized in that a U-shaped cooling pipeline is arranged in the track (1); the cooling duct includes: a water inlet pipe (4), a water outlet pipe (5) and a connecting pipe (6); the water inlet pipe (4) and the water outlet pipe (5) are arranged along the extending direction of the track (1), and the water inlet pipe (4) and the water outlet pipe (5) are connected through a connecting pipe (6); deionized water is filled in the cooling pipeline, and the cooling pipeline is communicated with a liquid circulation system;
when the track (1) is used, current is introduced;
the water inlet pipe (4) and the water outlet pipe (5) penetrate out of one end of the track (1) far away from the muzzle; the connecting pipe (6) is arranged inside one end of the track (1) close to the muzzle;
the water inlet pipe (4) and the water outlet pipe (5) are arranged side by side on a plane parallel to the contact surface of the track (1) and the armature (2);
the number of the water inlet pipes (4) and the number of the water outlet pipes (5) are both 1;
the center of the contact surface is provided with a curved surface bulge which is arranged along the extending direction of the track (1);
the water inlet pipe (4) and the water outlet pipe (5) are both arranged in the part of the track (1) covered by the curved surface bulge, and the water inlet pipe (4) and the water outlet pipe (5) are symmetrical relative to the axis of the track (1);
the distance from any point on the contact surface to any point on the cooling pipeline is more than or equal to 1 cm;
the distance between any point on the water inlet pipe (4) and any point on the water outlet pipe (5) is more than or equal to 1 cm;
the liquid circulating system comprises a water pump, a water tank and a cooling device;
the water pump is connected with the water tank, and the cooling device is arranged in the water tank; the water pump is connected with the water inlet pipe (4); the water tank is connected with the water outlet pipe (5).
2. The electromagnetic orbital cannon is characterized by comprising an orbit (1) and an armature (2); the track (1) is the track of the deionized water cooling-based electromagnetic orbital cannon in the claim 1; the tracks (1) are provided with 2 tracks which are arranged in parallel, and the curved surface bulges of the 2 tracks (1) are arranged oppositely; the armature (2) moves between 2 tracks (1).
3. The electromagnetic orbital cannon according to claim 2, characterized in that the surface of the armature (2) in contact with the orbital (1) is provided with a curved recess, and the shape, size and position of the curved recess are the same as those of the curved protrusion.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810950283.4A CN109059629B (en) | 2018-08-20 | 2018-08-20 | Track of electromagnetic rail gun based on deionized water cooling |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810950283.4A CN109059629B (en) | 2018-08-20 | 2018-08-20 | Track of electromagnetic rail gun based on deionized water cooling |
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| CN109059629A CN109059629A (en) | 2018-12-21 |
| CN109059629B true CN109059629B (en) | 2021-04-16 |
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| CN201810950283.4A Active CN109059629B (en) | 2018-08-20 | 2018-08-20 | Track of electromagnetic rail gun based on deionized water cooling |
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| CN113834377A (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2021-12-24 | 天津大学 | Inside cooling system based on electromagnetism track temperature distribution |
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| JPH02106698A (en) * | 1988-10-14 | 1990-04-18 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Electromagnetic acceleration device |
| CN104347125A (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2015-02-11 | 华北电力大学 | Double-channel natural circulation system device |
| CN104576269A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2015-04-29 | 北京中科信电子装备有限公司 | Cooling mechanism for horizontal ion-beam focusing device |
| CN103617941B (en) * | 2013-11-14 | 2016-05-25 | 中国科学院等离子体物理研究所 | A kind of liquid metal two-stage cooling means of high current ion source electrode |
| US9551548B2 (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2017-01-24 | Borja SIERRA IZQUIERDO | Barrel and an electromagnetic projectile launching system |
| CN207099537U (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2018-03-13 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | A kind of high-voltage isolating powerful device cooling system |
| CN108307577B (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2019-08-06 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | A kind of high-pressure multi-stage accelerates the cooling structure and current potential distribution method of electrode |
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