CN1090554A - Filtering method and apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of filtering method and apparatus.This method is used ultraviolet ray, ozone, functionality medium chemistry and pressurized air processing, air discharging and central water current control, the functionality filtration medium can be regenerated use.Equipment comprises liquor pump, ultraviolet leading portion processing tool, and central water current control instrument, air emission control instrument, the functionality pressure filter is handled bucket, chemicals charging instrument, ultraviolet back segment processing tool, and air handling instrument.Equipment of the present invention is simple, and that can will suspend under cheap situation, dissolved, volatile, radiativity and lived pollutent is removed from contaminated liquids.

Description

Filtering method and apparatus

The present invention relates to a functionality filter plant, and be used for removing treating processes lived, pollutent that suspend, dissolved, evaporable and radiativity from contaminated-fluid.Especially, filter plant among the present invention and treating processes mainly comprise applicability filtration medium, UV treatment instrument, several chemical treatment instrument, several pump tool, an air handling instrument, an air emission control instrument, a central water current control instrument, a pressure filter and a processing bucket.

(promptly commonly using) granular media strainer that two class routines are arranged: slow sand filter and fast sand filter.This two classes conventional filtration device all can not be removed any radiativity radon, volatility haloform, lived pathogenic bacterium or solubility hardness and metal.A typical slow sand filter is usually at 0.16gpm/ft ²The operation down of (every square feet per minute 0.16 gallon) flow velocity.It is that 0.3 millimeter to 0.35 millimeter and uniformity coefficient are the non-functionality sand of 2 to 3 non-stratification that this strainer adopts effective size of grain.Except reducing the waterpower load, conventional slow sand filter be it seems the follow-up show-routine exquisite technology performance that had of sand filter soon that does not possess it.Conventional fast sand filter is to adopt effective size of grain to be not less than 0.45 millimeter, and the uniformity coefficient coefficient is not higher than the non-functionality sand of 1.5 stratification, operates under 2 gallons of every square feet of per minutes or higher flow velocity.This two classes conventional filtration utensil has the problem of operation and maintenance.Usually after the filter operation in about two weeks, pine must be harrowed in the surface of the slow sand filtration bed of partial dehydration; After about a week, to dredge the stores on surface; After operating January, also to scrape thick sand and the surface sediment thing that reaches two inches in slow casting bed top and discard.Aspect the water filtration processing, conventional fast sand filter is better than conventional slow sand filter.But comparatively speaking, the former is more complicated, and only can be by experienced operator's operation.

In addition, conventional slow sand filter and conventional fast sand filter are all only removed the suspended particle in the water.Any conventional sand-bed filter all can not be removed radiativity pollutent such as radon, solubility pollutent such as iron, manganese and heavy metal, volatile organic matter, and hardness.

At present, the design of granular media strainer has been improved to and has comprised granular carbon, activated alumina, anionite-exchange resin and Zeo-karb, but in order to remove the fluidity pollutent.The prior art of other water purifying treatment comprises reverse osmosis, electrodialysis, filling post, ultra-filtration, micro-filtration, diatomite filtration, flotation filtration or the like.The common issue with of these prior art strainers and conventional filtration device is their high costs on schedule of operation and playback processing program and takes time.

Also do not design at present a kind of ideal treating processes or the equipment that can from contaminated liquid, remove radioactive radon gas.

The present invention adopts the functionality filtration medium to carry out special chemical reaction with non-functionality filtration medium to separate with liquid-solid, and adopts at least one central water current control instrument to improve daily water treatment.Equipment of the present invention is smart little, and its treating processes is not only simply but also inexpensive, and can from contaminated liquid (as surface water or underground water), remove suspension, dissolved, evaporable, radiativity, lived pollutent.Situation about using according to fluid purification, used activated filter film medium can be handled and obtained regeneration by aqueous chemical solution or pressurized air among the present invention.

Comprise Barrows(U.S. Patent number 103280; 5/1870), Potter(U.S. Patent number 619838,2/1899), people such as Moon (U.S. Patent number 2993599,7/1961), Griswold(U.S. Patent number 3064816,11/1962), Lindstol(U.S. Patent number 4082664,4/1978), Litzenburger(U.S. Patent number 4430220,2/1984), people such as Hall (U.S. Patent number 4626346,12/1986), Heskett(U.S. Patent number 4642192,2/1987), people such as Swinney (U.S. Patent number 4673498,6/1987), Krofta(U.S. Patent number 4377485,3/1983; 4626345,12/1986; 4673494,6/1987), people's (U.S. Patent number 5064531,11/1991 such as people's (U.S. Patent number 4973404,11/1990) such as Weber and Wang; 5069783,12/1991) none relates to the combination of application ultraviolet ray that the present invention proposes, functionality granular filtering medium, chemical regeneration effect, air handling effect, central water method of flow control and special waterpower flow problem in all these interior prior arts, is used for water and purifies and the air emission control.

None can be removed radon in those above-mentioned prior arts from contaminated liquid.Conventional cross-flow sepn process comprises reverse osmosis filter processing, and ultra-filtration processing, micro-filtration are handled and (they all are that film is handled) handled in air infiltration, all can not remove the radiativity pollutent.The present invention relates to the water filtration effect of the functionality of a central cross-flow of controlling.Wherein, filtration medium can obtain regeneration by using ultraviolet ray, ozone, hydrogen peroxide, inferior oxygen hydrochlorate, permanganate.Under a pressurization hydraulics, through long filter operation, radiativity, lived and lifeless pollutent can be removed effectively.

All conventional granular media filtration treatment (no matter be to adopt the waterpower operation of upwards flowing, perhaps still adopt the waterpower operation that flows downward), when operation, the influent stream direction is to be parallel to granular media filteration flowing-path.In the situation of cross-flow functionality filter process of the present invention, the direction of influent stream is perpendicular to the flowing-path of granular media filteration.

Non-functionality filtration treatment mainly is the suspended particle that removes in anhydrating.A functionality filtration treatment (as of the present invention) can be removed the suspended particle except it, can also remove dissolved, volatile, radiativity, and lived pollutent.

The present invention handles with conventional filtration and compares, major advantage is: (1) adopts before the functionality filtration treatment section to handle and/or back segment is handled, and uses ultraviolet ray, ozonization, hydrogen peroxide, permanganate, reaches anhydrous hypochlorite and fully do not destroy lived pollutent; (2) adopt the convenient operating method of selecting nine kinds of water filtration processing of central water current control: normal filtration processing, back scrubbing, bypass, flushing, chemical preparation, Circulation, cleaning, precoated layer and take off the suction effect; (3) adopt functionality and dissolved, evaporable, radiativity and/or the lived pollutent of non-functionality filtration medium to remove suspension.(4) adopt the air handling instrument to carry out manipulation of regeneration functionality filtration medium in the equipment.The present invention had to volatility, radiativity and total elimination ability of pollutent of life and its simple central red-tape operati are arranged, and all made this invention for the scrubbing operation that private home and small business carry out indoor ingress very big magnetism be arranged all.

The present invention will above do further argumentation to the similar and non-similarity of those important prior arts of being taken passages.

In people such as Chemesha " safety valve " of quoting in the British Patent No. 842 of registration in 1870 interest that induces one.All pressure systems that comprise the present invention have all required this " safety valve " at present.No doubt safety valve and pipeline are parts required for the present invention, but they do not belong to major parts of the present invention, and its major parts lays particular emphasis on functionality and the effect of reproducibility filtration treatment under central authorities' control.

All Krofta processes (U.S. Patent number 4377485,4626345 and 4673494) and Wang(US Department of Commerce NTIS report FB89-158398/AS, 10/1988; Water treatment, P127-146,1991; Water treatment, PI-16,1992) flotation one filtering system discussed is similar.Though this flotation one filtration treatment can be used to remove color, the tendency thing of haloform and the cyst microorganism of Ji A (Giardia Cysts), however its flotation one filtering system has comprised too many valve and too many treatment step.Thereby the municipal systems that it only can be had a skill operation person adopts.The treatment step of this flotation one filtering system comprises: chemical mixing effect, the poly-effect of chemistry wadding, dissolved air flotation, the filteration of non-functionality sand and chlorization.These aspects are different from the present invention.

Previous Wang process (U.S. Patent number 5064531 and 5069783 is given people such as Lawrence K.Wang in signature in 199 1) is opened up specially for big municipal systems.It does not relate to the abolishment of air emission control and radon.

Employing multiple tracks control valve is imported the filtration processing equipment of filtration auxiliary at U.S. Patent number 3064816 and one nine nine zero year Roland E.Weber on November 27 such as David E.Griswold registration on November 20th, 1, and is illustrated in the U.S. Patent number 4973404 of John J.Pavlovich and Lawrence K. Wang registration.In order to remove the pollutent of suspension, (U.S. Patent number 3064816 and 4973404 has all been established the granular filtering medium of too many valve and non-functionality and irreproducibility to these two kinds of filter plants.Two the central water current control (the quantity number is decided according to the hydromechanics ability) that the present invention relates to, and used the filtration medium of functionality, recyclability, and combine with UV treatment and air emission control instrument, with remove suspension, dissolved, evaporable, radioactive and lived pollutent.

Using a kind of filter plant that the multiple tracks valve comes filter rinsed and carry suitable pressure described in the U.S. Patent number 103280 that one eight seven zero years were registered at May 24 at Thomas Barrows.The patent of Barrows is the pressure filter that specially is used for non-functionality and irreproducibility.It has used several 3-way valves.Though the equipment of Barriws can level or upright operation, in the engineering science definition of modern crafts, say that it also is not a cross-flow centrifugation.At present people only film handle use (as reverse osmosis filter effect, micro-filtration effect, ultrafiltration and gas transudation) just be designed to and the wrong flow point of classifying from effect.Wherein inflow (Qi) is imported into an opening of described equipment one end.Its flow direction is parallel to the membrane filtration medium, and its enriched material (Qc) is an outlet that is thrown into the other end in a small amount; Strainer effluent (Qe=Qi-Qc) passes through the membrane filtration media discharge in second exit.Second outlet is the same with primary outlet, all is located at the other end of described device.The present invention partly relates to a cross-flow particulate filter and handles and equipment.Filtration medium wherein (rather than referring to the membrane filtration medium) is functionality/recyclability (rather than non-functionality/irreproducibility), and a central water current control instrument has nine kinds of operator schemes (rather than several 3-way valve).

Also having another kind of equipment is to come filtered water by porous medium.Signature on February 21st, 1 is given on the U.S. Patent number 619838 of Zoroaster E.Potter and is mentioned it.The patent of Potter also has been particularly related to a kind of filter plant, and it contains the chemical treatment bucket that chemical feed system in a coupling.One has the old central water flow control valve that limited current were adjusted and managed to handgrip, a pressure filter that comprises non-functionality/irreproducibility granular filtering medium, the inlet of an inflow, the outlet conduit of product liquid, the blowdown system of refuse, many multiple tracks switches.All these is connected with a tubing system with numerous safety valve.Treating processes of the present invention relates to the cross flow filter effect of a pressurization, adopts the filtration medium of functionality/recyclability, adopts ultraviolet ray, ozone, hydrogen peroxide, permanganate, flocculation agent and the hypochlorite chemical as leading portion processing and back segment processing.Equipment of the present invention comprises: one with the chemical feed system mutually link coupled handle bucket, handle and the regeneration of filtration medium (rather than the sort of situation of picture Potter patent, only as importing chemical) as the leading portion of liquid; One has the modernized central water current control instrument that nine kinds of process operation modes are handled current and desorption gas and filtration medium mud; A pressure filter (rather than non-functionality/irreproducibility granular filtering medium) that contains functionality/recyclability filtration medium; An air emission control instrument (rather than not having the air emission control); An inflow pipeline; Several effluent discharge lines and a waste discharge system.All these and this modern central water current control instrument institute connection mutually (rather than all only connecting mutually) with a tubing system.In addition, the simplification of operation also is a main improvement of invention at present, because the multiple tracks switch-valve combines, and has the regeneration that an air handling instrument carries out the functionality filtration medium in the equipment.

Also have a kind of advanced person's filter plant to be used in the control of automatization current aspect in addition.On the U.S. Patent number 2993599 of signature on July 25th, 1 to John J.Moon and Harold M.Hawkins this equipment was proposed.Their patent opens a new control techniques, and the automatization that is used as the precoat filtration treating processes is handled.It comprises uses a circulating timing register, several gas inlets, several air vents, several cleaning solvent circuits, several cleaning solvent circuits, a precoated layer tempering tank, pressure filter, a strainer feeding line, washing water recirculation circuit, several water-freeing arrangement, a filter cake thing pumping-out line, a pressure pump, washing steam receptor, a pressure pump, several safety valve, loadometer, velocimeter, more than 20 water flow control valve and a transition monitoring are counted.Equipment of the present invention also contains a pressure filter, strainer feed lines, effluent circuit, recirculation circuit, several water-freeing arrangement, pressure pump, several loadometer, a velocimeter, a safety pump and a bucket.Yet, main improvement of the present invention then has been a central water current control instrument (rather than 20 valves), the multiduty bucket (rather than a bucket that only is used as the precoated layer single-use) of handling, a pressure filter (rather than granular filtering medium of non-functionality/irreproducibility) that contains functionality/recyclability filtration medium, operation format is the hydromechanics form (rather than hydromechanics form of non-cross-flow) of rotation cross-flow, and have suitable leading portion processing and back segment processing, lived to remove, lifeless, radiativity, what suspend (rather than mainly only is used to remove lifeless with the dissolved pollutent, the pollutent that suspends and do not carry out leading portion and back segment and handle).All targets all are to simplify the operating performance of purifying waste water, and improve its efficient.In addition, in the present device is the product of private home and small business's aspect application and the automatic equipment that does not require complexity, because it has a central water flow control operations.On municipal administration was used, product of the present invention was the automatization (rather than as electronizations that the people adopted such as Moon) of mechanicalness and electric power aspect, and this also is to give the credit to it to have simple central water flow control operations.

U.S. Patent number 4642192(signed and to give Don E.Heskett on February tenth, 1) disclosed a kind of method of treatment liq, can remove useless component in the liquid, such as chlorine and nitrate radical component.The method of Heskett relates to carries one to contain the fluid of chlorine and nitrate radical by a granulated metal particulate berth.With respect to those useless combinations, this berth has an optimized oxidation-reduction potential, so that has set up the condition of spontaneous oxidation-reduction reaction between dud and metallic particles.The method of Heskett has related to a method of only doing water treatment with metallic particles.The present invention relates to a central controlled filter system that contains that leading portion and back segment handle, and metal diaphragm (rather than metallic particles) is used just as one of 11 kinds of used filtration mediums of the pressure filter of new improvement.The method of Heskett can not be removed volatile, radiativity and lived pollutent.The present invention then can.

The present invention can be used to remove suspended particle, volatile organic compounds, heavy metal, iron, manganese, hardness, grease, bacterium, radiativity gas and stink from contaminated liquid.This method and apparatus of having improved comprises following steps, facility and surrogate:

(1) comes pressure filter in the described equipment of filling with a barrier film (i.e. a filter element) and filtration medium.These media are to be selected from one group of material, comprise sorbent material after diatomite, granular carbon, granulated metal medium, the chemical treatments, cloth shape gac, greensand, silica sand, in and sand, gac, activated alumina, ion exchange resin, polymeric adsorbant, coal, sponge plastics medium, porous paper medium, porous charcoal medium, coalescing filtration medium, Porous Stainless Steel medium, the low charcoal steel medium of porous, porous data medium, porous alloy medium, antibacterial filtration medium or its various combinations.

(2) the processing bucket in the equipment of the above adds chemical regenerant or chemical floc or filters auxiliary or described granular filtering medium.

(3) liquid discharge that pollutes is entered conduit in the equipment.This equipment has a ultraviolet leading portion processing tool, pressure pump, central water current control instrument, a described pressure filter, handles bucket, a chemical charging instrument, a tubing system, ultraviolet back segment processing tool, pressurized air processing tool, air emission control instrument, velocimeter, pressure instrument and a safety valve.

(4) select manual operation or automatic operation scheme.

(5) allot operating method on (manually or automatically) central water current control select need operating method (filtration treatment, back scrubbing, bypass, flushing, chemical preparation, circulation, precoated layer, clean, take off suction).This central water current control comprises a wide-mouth inlet, control current feed the open-close on-off of described pressure filter, control current flow back to next switch from pressure filter, the gate out switch of a control inflow and outflow thing delivery pipe, a control flows to the gate out switch of handling bucket, and the gate out switch of a control inflow waste discharge system.

(6) this equipment of operation under the filter operation mode, utilization pumping fluid and (allot the central water Flow Control and be made as " filtration ") make control flow into pressure pot and close with the switch that flows into the waste discharge system, and the full breakdown of remaining all switch in the central water current control instrument.At this moment ultraviolet leading portion processing tool and described chemical charging tool work carry out the leading portion of liquid and handle and normal filter operation.

(7) this equipment of operation or under the back scrubbing mode, using pump and (allot the central water Flow Control and be made as " back scrubbing ") make control flow to the described switch of handling bucket and effluent vent pipe and close, and the full breakdown of all rest switches on this central water current control carries out back scrubbing to described pressure filter.

(8) this equipment of operation or under the bypass mode, utilization pump drawing liquid and (allot the central water Flow Control and be made as " bypass ") make the closing control current feed described pressure filter and control these two switches that current flow back to from pressure filter, and close to lead to and handle bucket and the switch that leads to the waste discharge system.And all remaining switches of this central water current control instrument breakdown all makes described liquid flow through pressure filter and handle bucket from bypass, and by the pump at this central water current control instrument it is emitted.

(9) this equipment of operation or under backwashing manner, the utilization pump is taken out described liquid, and the switch that (alloting the central water current control in " flushing ") makes control feed pressure filter, processing bucket and effluent vent pipe cuts out, and the breakdown all of all rest switches in this central water current control instrument, so that wash this central water current control instrument with described liquid.

(10) this equipment of operation or under the chemical stand-by mode, the utilization pump is taken out described liquid, and the switch that (allot the central water Flow Control and be made as " preparation ") makes control feed described pressure filter, effluent delivery pipe and waste discharge system cuts out, and the breakdown all of the rest switch in this central water current control instrument, so that chemical or filter auxiliary or the contaminated liquid of granular filtering medium and inflow mixes in handling barrel.

(11) this equipment of operation carries out liquid circulation or cleaning of medium effect or under circulation pattern.Take out described liquid and (alloting central streams water management instrument) and do not press " precoated layer " button with pump at " circulation/precoated layer ") make the switch that feeds described effluent delivery pipe and discharge of wastewater system close, and the breakdown rest switch.

(12) this equipment of operation or under the precoated layer pattern, take out described liquid with pump, (press the button of precoated layer and allot central water current control instrument and be " circulation/precoated layer ") feasible switch closure that feeds described effluent delivery pipe and waste discharge system.At this moment filtration medium is starched by pump, central water current control instrument, pressure filter, is recycled through central water current control instrument and processing bucket, uses described filtration medium precoated layer on the strainer next door of pressure filter.

(13) or special taking off under the suction mode of action operate this equipment.Taking out described liquid without pump (presses and takes off the suction button, and allot central water current control instrument) " cleaning/take off suction ", make and control flow to ejecta delivery pipe and two switch closures handling bucket, and the switch that controls flow to pump and pressure filter is the free time, the every other switch of central water current control instrument is breakdown all, use the at first interior residual water of blowdown presssure strainer, secondly take off the functionality filtration medium of suction (regeneration) pressure filter inside with pressurized air, at last the gas that discharges from pressure filter with air emission control tool for processing.

(14) or under cleaning (removing) mode operate this equipment.Also (allot the central water current control " cleaning/take off suction ", and do not press " taking off suction " button) two switch closures that make control inflow and outflow body vent pipe and handle bucket with pumping fluid, all remaining switches of this central water current control instrument are breakdown then.At this moment, chemical charging instrument cuts out.

(15) in the filteration mode, along the effluent delivery pipe strainer effluent is carried out back segment with ultraviolet ray, ozone, hydrogen peroxide or hypochlorite and handle.

(16) product liquid that back segment is handled is discharged from the end of effluent delivery pipe.

The basic purpose of this invention is for the filter method of new and an improvement is provided, yet should invention also have another purpose, for new and liquids and gases filter utility improvement are provided, comprises as follows exactly:

(1) influent pipe is introduced a ultraviolet leading portion processing tool in the described equipment with contaminated liquid.

(2) this ultraviolet ray leading portion processing tool is connected with the processing bucket with the influent pipe simultaneously, handles in order to the liquid of reception pollution and with ultraviolet ray, thereby has produced ultraviolet leading portion treatment solution.

(3) chemical charging instruments use being input into chemical simultaneously with described ultraviolet leading portion processing tool with handle and barrel be connected, and further handle ultraviolet leading portion treatment solution, and then have produced a chemical leading portion treatment solution.This chemical charging instrument can also be used to being input into chemical regenerant, filters auxiliary, the perhaps granular filtering medium of pulpous state.

(4) pumps link with a described chemical charging instrument and a central water current control instrument simultaneously, flow through entire equipment in order to energy promotion ultraviolet ray or chemical leading portion treatment solution to be provided.

(5) described central water current control instrument is connected with described pump, processing bucket, a pressure filter, an effluent delivery pipe and a refuse removal system.It has a manual operation handle or autodial, the import of a wide-mouth inflow and several multiple tracks switch, flows by suitable direction from the effusive liquid of pump in order to guiding.

(6) described pressure filter with described among centre current control tool be connected, include fluid inlet, a liquid exit, in order to purify the filtration medium that comes liquid from central current control tool stream, one in order to take off suction and the mouth of the pressurized gas of the filtration medium of regenerating, an enriched material outlet and a pneumatic outlet.

(7) described processing bucket is connected with central water current control instrument and with chemical charging instrument, is used for preparation and store chemical and filter auxiliary, and is used for contaminated liquid is carried out the leading portion processing.

(8) described effluent delivery pipe is connected with central water current control instrument, is used for discharging the liquid from the outflow of central current control tool.

(9) described refuse removal system is connected with central water current control instrument, in order to get rid of refuse.

(10) described ultraviolet back segment processing tool is connected with described effluent delivery pipe, make back segment in order to convection current from the liquid of central water current control instrument and handle, thereby the equipment that produced flows out body (being product liquid).

(11) one final flows out the body delivery pipe and is connected with described ultraviolet back segment processing tool, is used for device for transferring outflow body.

(12) inter-process tubing systems with flow into body fluid pipe, ultraviolet leading portion processing tool, chemical charging instrument, pump, central water current control instrument, pressure filter, processing bucket, ultraviolet back segment processing tool, effluent delivery pipe, final effluent delivery pipe, and the refuse removal system is connected, and is equiped with velocimeter, pressure instrument and safety valve.

(13) air emission control instruments are connected with described waste discharge system.This instrument comprises gas dilution instrument in an inlet tube, bucket, pneumatic outlet, several liquid valve, several gas trap, demister mat, gas transport device, several fore worker, several gas sampling mouth, several liquid exit, a resorber, a pressure vacuum instrument, the mound, a Fen, be used for collecting residual liquid and a kind of gaseous emission that comes from described pressure filter and central water current control instrument, and be used for purifying and/or towards rare described gaseous emission.

More particularly, the present invention's air emission control instrument is a kind of gas filtration equipment.It includes:

(1) inlet tube and a gas inlet are in order to import this equipment to dusty gas.

(2) buckets.It is connected with described inlet tube, contain one at the bottom of, by-pass wall and a top.Thereby it is the outer wall of this equipment.

(3) several liquid valves are used for discharging the liquid in the equipment of being deposited in.

(4) fore worker instruments.The described polluted air of filter at the beginning of it is used for, thus a kind of fore worker gas produced.Further, this fore worker tool kit contains a coalescing filter sieve, a glass fibre filter sieve, a cloth shape strainer sieve or its various combinations.

(5) a kind of gas transport device.It is connected with described bucket, is used for carrying fore worker gas.

(6) gas dilution instrument in people's gas trap and the mound, a Fen.They are connected with described gas transport device, are used for towards rare fore worker gas.Thereby produce a kind ofly towards rare gas, and then be discharged in the ambient atmosphere.

(7) gas sampling points.It is connected with described gas transport device, is used for collecting fore worker gas and analyzes.

(8) mist eliminators.It is connected with described gas transport device, in order to remove the moisture content in the fore worker gas.

(9) adsorbers.It communicates with described mist eliminator, is used for removing the volatility in the fore worker gas and the pollutent of radiativity, thereby produces an adsorber effluent.Described adsorber is further by an absorption bucket, a gas inlet, pneumatic outlet, sorbent material (polymeric adsorbant, reticulated foam, glass fibre sieve, cloth shape gac sieve, coalescing filter sieve or its various combinations of unworn granular active rock, the active rock of unworn cloth shape, ion exchange resin, polymeric adsorbant, alkaline purification gac, alumina treatment gac, alkaline purification polymeric adsorbant, alumina treatment), some valves and a pipe.

(10) described pneumatic outlet communicates with described adsorber, is discharged in the ambient atmosphere environment so that adsorber is flowed out body.

The present invention also has another target, just provides the filtering system of a new improvement.This system has the processing tool that can carry out ozonize, chloridized and UV treatment, at the pressure filter upper reaches or dirty place make the water purifying treatment.The present invention not only can be used to remove the suspended particle in anhydrating, and can be used to except that lived microorganism in anhydrating, soluble iron, manganese, heavy metal, hardness, volatile organic compounds, radioactive gas, foul smell and gummy solid.These water comprise river, lake water, underground water, domestic waste water, industrial treatment water, rainwater stream and the swimming-pool water of pollution.

From hereinafter description and accompanying drawing thereof can more fully be understood the present invention.This is to explain with way of illustration, and scope of the present invention is not limited to these diagrams.

Figure 1A to Fig. 1 I has showed the various structures of pressure filter of the present invention.

Fig. 2 to Figure 10 has shown the schema of the used several filter types of filtration treatment after the present invention's the improvement.They are respectively: filtration treatment mode back scrubbing mode, bypass mode, backwashing manner, ready way, Recycle design, precoated layer mode, cleaning way and take off the suction mode.

Figure 11 represents an air emission control instrument of the present invention.

The explanation of preferred embodiment

Shown in Fig. 1 to 11, the present invention relates to a process and an equipment that contains the functionality/recyclability filtration treatment of central authorities' control.By this equipment, adopt ultraviolet, smelly, oxygen, hydrogen peroxide, chemical floc, permanganate and hypochlorite that water is carried out leading portion and back segment is handled.And under one of the pressurized water mechanics pattern condition of innovation, with lived, lifeless, suspend, from water, the removing effectively of volatile, radiativity with deliquescent pollutent.

The oxide treatment of ozonize, UV treatment, peroxy oxygen processing, permanganate and chloridized difference, using ozone, ultraviolet ray, hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate and clorox (or calcium).

Extremely shown in Figure 10 as Fig. 2, composition of the present invention comprises: ultraviolet leading portion processing tool 5, pressure pump 2, central water current control instrument 3, pressure filter (4), ultraviolet back segment processing tool 6, one handle bucket 11, chemical feed systems (chemical charging instrument 7), operating valve 8, detection valve 40, air emission control instrument (14) and one by pipe 1L, 2L, 3L, 4L, 6L, 7L, 8L, 9L, the tubing system that 10L and 11L form.

Figure 11 has illustrated the air discharging instrument (also seeing Figure 10) among described the present invention.

Described ultraviolet leading portion processing tool 1 and ultraviolet back segment processing tool 5 all are to use ultraviolet ray to kill morbific diplococcus (legionella) and other pathogenic microorganisms.UV treatment has been developed as best disinfection technology, is specially adapted on the facility of ingress.

Multi-purpose chemical feed system (chemical charging instrument 7) comes contaminating fluid Q1 is carried out additional leading portion processing with its control valve 8.This leading portion processing and utilizing ozone, perchlorate (a kind of free chlorine), hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate or its various combinations.Adopt the duration of contact of every liter of 0.2 milligram of residue ozone concentration and 0.3 minute, can kill the pneumonia germ (Legionella pneumophia) of percentage more than 99.If adopt Losantin,, can remove the pneumonia germ (Legionella pneumophia) of percentage more than 99 equally with the duration of contact of every liter of 0.5 milligram of free cl concn and one minute.Among the present invention, the Losantin of available dry plate formulation is done the sterilization of small-sized ingress.Ozone and hydrogen peroxide then are the sterilizations that is used on the enterprise customer.

Ozone (O ₃), potassium permanganate (KM _nO ₄) or hydrogen peroxide (H ₂O ₂) be input into by chemical feed system 7.These chemical are converted into undissolved form with soluble iron and manganese among the contaminating fluid Q1, thereby available pressure strainer 4 is removed them effectively.Corresponding chemical reaction is as follows:

Solubility ferrous ion+O ₃(or KM _nO ₄Or H ₂O ₂)

=insoluble ferric oxide or solubility ferric ion

Insoluble ferric ion+hydroxide ion

=insoluble ironic hydroxide

Solubility divalent manganesetion+O ₂(or KM _nO ₄Or H ₂O ₂)

=insoluble Mn oxide

Filter operation when long-time for one, pressure filter 4 is complete closed.Usually under the condition of one of three cross-flow waterpower, operate.These three cross-flows are: upwards cross-flow (Figure 1A and 1B), cross-flow (Fig. 1 C) downwards and horizontal cross-flow (not showing on the figure).A same pressure filter (4) can have different technology addresses.Under horizontal cross-flow condition, it is called horizontal cross-flow filter; Under downward cross-flow condition, it then is called downward cross-flow filter; And under the cross-flow condition that makes progress, it but is called upwards cross-flow filter.Shown in Figure 1A, 1B and 2, when the normal cross flow filter that makes progress was operated, strainer flowed into body Qi and flows into described pressure filter 4 at inlet 4A place.Strainer flows out body Qe and flows out at the outlet 4C place of strainer.A spot of enriched material Qe then flows out at another outlet 4B of strainer.When strainer outlet 4B closes (as shown in Figure 2), 4 of pressure filteres are worked conventionally flowing through under the filter condition.

Pressure filter 4(of the present invention such as Figure 1A, 1B, 1C is shown in 1G and the 1I), include granular filtering medium 4F and at least one filtering diaphragm (filter element) 4S usually.In a satisfied body incarnation, Porous Stainless Steel medium, porous ceramic dielectric, sponge plastics medium or porous alloy medium are the inside that is placed in described pressure filter 4, as filter membrane (filtering element) 4S.In order to support granular filtering medium 4F.This granular filtering medium be from one group comprise gac, chemical treatment sorbent material, polymeric adsorbant, granular carbon, chemical treatment sorbent material, polymeric adsorbant, granular carbon, granulated metal medium, greensand, and oxide compound, the ion exchange resin (Zeo-karb, anionite-exchange resin) of sand, silica sand, coal, diatomite, manganese, face upward bacterium filtration medium (silver dipping granular carbon, or various combination iodinated resin).Hereinafter give some instances the processing efficiency of the pressure filter with functionality filtration medium is described.The sponge plastics medium is to be selected from the one group of material that comprises in polyethylene, nylon, polyvinyl chloride or its various being combined in.4 li of described pressure filteres, filter element 4S receives functionality and granular filtering medium non-functionality or as precoated layer medium (Figure 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D and 1G) or as fixing filter bed medium (Fig. 1 I).In the inside of pressure filter 4, reactive granular filtering medium 4F is painted on described filter element (filter membrane) 4S, and coats the medium of more than one deck, and thicker medium then is coated in skin.In addition, filter element (filter membrane) 4S wrapped with the elastic sleeve 4SF of an optimized porous expansible before precoated layer, used to promote precoat filtration and handle (Figure 1A and 1B).

The used functionality granular filtering medium 4F of the present invention is seated on the pressure filter 4, is a fixing filter bed (Fig. 1 G and 1I), perhaps as a precoat filtration effect bed (Figure 1A, 1B and 1C).No matter have or not to have the functionality filtration medium, this fixedly the filteration bed all can carry out filter operation.

First example of the filter response that described pressure filter 4 is used is a silver dipping granular carbon.It is designed to discharge lentamente sterilant (being the silver ions of lower concentration) in germ-carrying water.Have microorganism no matter have or not, the granular carbon that floods with silver all maintains the remaining concentration of silver ions of a constant.Therefore, its sterilant/sorbent material that constant discharges that is otherwise known as.The granular carbon of this silver dipping has not only destroyed morbific microorganism, also removed the deleterious solvable mechanism's (as haloform, phenol, formaldehyde or the like) that has, inorganics of toxic dissolved (as plumbous, excessive chlorine, hydrogen sulfide etc.) and undissolved suspended solids.Under normal tap water supply condition, haloform, malignant bacteria and lead are not higher than 200ppb, 135 bacterial flories/100ml and 150ppb respectively in the concentration of tap water (being the liquid that flows to of this equipment).The pressure filter that contains the granular carbon of silver dipping can drop to 6ppm, 0 bacterial flora/100ml and 17ppb to haloform, malignant bacteria and plumbous concentration respectively.The granular carbon of this silver dipping has also been removed the undesirable taste in the water, stink and hydrogen sulfide.Unworn granular carbon (GAC) and silver dipping granular carbon, and the cloth shape gac also can be removed deleterious radioactive radon from contaminated liquid (as underground water).

Hereinafter enumerate related some physics, chemical reaction in some present device treating water processes.Include the effect of from polluted water, removing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and radioactivity gas, and to the manipulation of regeneration effect of exhausted granular carbon (originally being unworn granular carbon or silver dipping granular carbon or alkaline purification granular carbon).

GAC+ contains the contaminated liquid of VOCs and radon

The exhausted GAC+ of=VOCs and radon dipping purifies waste water

The exhausted GAC+ pressurized air of VOCs and radon dipping

=regenerated GAC+ contains the gaseous emission of VOCs and radon

Regenerated GAC+ contains the contaminated liquid of VOCs and radon

The exhausted GAC+ of=VOC and radon dipping purifies waste water.

The second used class functionality granular filtering medium is the basic resin of handling through iodate in pressure filter 4.It can discharge iodine according to the amount of microorganism in the water, such as a disease carrying germ water is arranged, wherein contain this greatly not grain coffee Si Aolisi (Staphylocoscusaureus), intestinal bacteria (E.coli), false many Man Nasianu Jenner Si (Pseudomonasaeruginosa), Suo Manlaila pounces on rowland (Salmonella pullorum) or the like, and the concentration of every kind of bacterium is all 2.3 * 10 ⁴Bacterium colony/ml; But also containing the virus that comprises Pohle agate (Polyoma), new castle disease (Newcastle Disease), poliomyelitis virus (Poliovirus), every kind of concentration is all at every milliliter 2.0 * 10 ⁴Bite the district and form unit (Pfu/ml).One when the water of as above disease carrying germ with after the iodate strong alkali resin contacts, just sterilized fully.

The second kind of functionality granular filtering medium that is used in the pressure filter 4 is called brass KDF.It and U.S. Patent number 4642192(Don E. Heskett are registered on February tenth, 1) medium described is similar.The principle of work of the filtration medium of Heskett is the oxidation-reduction potential of using between different metal.Durable 10 to 20 times of the filtration mediums that is used in Heskett in the processing of from tap water or swimming-pool water, removing algae than granular active rock.The brass composition of making the KDF medium approximately is (weight percent): 59.2% copper, 35.2% zinc, 2.5% lead and 0.2% iron.This brass KDF is solid particulate usually, as the filtration medium of conventional filtration device.But in the present invention, it is the porous nido, makes a kind of barrier film of pressure filter 4.

The 4th kind of functionality granular filtering medium that is suitable for doing pressure filter 4 is manganese green sand.It takes from sand thing glaukonine (also claiming " iron sand ").The reaction principle of its treating water is: the oxidation-reduction reaction under the manganese oxide katalysis, and from water, remove excessive soluble iron and manganese, and do not need reaction and/or high pH value for a long time.Pressure filter 4 is installed as vertical or level.But greensand also is a recyclability in functionality only.One cubic feet greensand is carried out manipulation of regeneration make it usefulness again, approximately need 2 ounces' potassium permanganate.As other granular filtering medium, greensand also can be removed insoluble suspended contaminant.In addition, it removes the hydrogen sulfide up to 5mg/l.Suppose that Z represents black manganese green sand grains, following two chemical equation have illustrated how pressure filter removes soluble manganese Mn2 ⁺With soluble iron Fe2 ⁺:

Fe ^{+ 3}+ 3OH ^-(hydroxide ion)

＝Fe（OH） ₃

MnO ₂And Fe(OH) ₃Under have horizontal line, be insoluble throw out to show it.They can be removed by filtration treatment and back scrubbing effect.Below illustrate that with chemical reaction the exhausted greensand is how at potassium permanganate (KMnO ₄) regenerated under the solution effects.

Z·Mn ₂O ₃+KMnO ₄＝Z·MnO ₂+K ⁺

Regenerated greensand ZMnO ₂Can be used again.

The oxide compound of manganese is similar to greensand, is a kind of functionality granular media.As filtration medium 4F, it is the 5th kind of filtration medium that is used for pressure filter 4.The adsorbable many harmful soluble metals of manganese (nickel, cadmium, zinc, lead, copper, silver and selenium) have been confirmed on the science.

The molecular formula of activated alumina is (Al ₂O ₃) nH ₂SO ₄It mainly contains plumbous oxide.It is the 6th kind of functionality medium that the present invention's pressure filter 4 is adopted.When activated alumina being seated in described pressure filter 4.As filtration medium 4F, it controls the fluorine (F in the tap water very effectively ^-).In general, every milliliter will be controlled and maintain to the concentration of fluorine below one milligram.The chemical reaction of defluorination is as follows:

This activated alumina filtration medium also belongs to renewable type.With sulfuric acid (H ₂SO ₄) or aluminium sulfide (Al ₂(SO ₄) ₃) activated alumina that consumed of can be used to regenerate is so that use again:

According to filtration media granules size (in the variation range of 0.6-5 millimeter), under the condition of pH=8, the activated alumina of every gram can be removed 1 to 2 milligram fluorion (F ^-).Can be had by the soluble cation that activated alumina is removed: uranium, aluminium, cerium, iron, titanium, mercury, lead, copper, silver, zinc, cobalt, nickel, thallium and manganese.Can be had by the Soluble Anions that activated alumina is removed: AsO -3 ₄, PO -3 ₄, C ₂O -2 ₄, F ^-, SO -2 ₃, Fe(CN) -4 ₆, CrO -2 ₄, S ₂O -2 ₃, Fe(CN) -3 ₆, Cr ₂O -2 ₇, NO - ₂, CNS ^-, T, Br ^-, Cr, NO ₃, MnO - ₄, ClO - ₄, CH ₃COO ^-And S ^-2Using ozone of the present invention or hydrogen peroxide carry out the leading portion oxidation and promote the remove ability of activated alumina to dissolved organic matter.

Comprise calcite and magnesium oxide compound (being called Crow stone Corosex) in and sand be the functionality granular filtering medium of the 7th kind and the 8th type, be seated in and be used as filtration treatment and neutralizing effect in the described pressure filter 4.Calcite is broken and garbled white Dali stone sand.It is very cheap, and the water of be used to neutralize acidity or low pH value produces noncorrosive product water.In theory, dissolve the lime carbonate filtration medium lentamente, thereby improve the pH value with the contacted sour water of calcite.Calcite contains 95% CaCO ₃With 3% MgCO ₃During processing, flow velocity is approximately every square feet of per minute 3-6 gallon (3-6gpm/ft ²).

Closing sand in the another kind is the oxide compound of magnesium, contains about 97% magnesium oxide MgO, is canescence.Magnesium oxide, or Crow stone (Corosec) are special hard, the miniliform filtration mediums that processes of a kind of process.It is applied on the described pressure filter 4, by the chemical reaction high acidity that neutralizes, and then improves the pH value of water.It also can with calcite to meromict.When water hardness restrained (5gpg) less than per gallon five, dirty filteration can reach satisfied result.When hardness restrains greater than per gallon five, should use the filter effect of flowing through, fixed to prevent described pressure filter 4 inner filtration beds.If adopt this functionality granular filtering medium, the flow velocity of water treatment can be up to every square feet of per minute five gallon bottle (5gpm/ft ²).

The 9th kind of functionality granular filtering medium (its application class is similar to filtration medium 4F) that is used in the described pressure filter 4 is the Zeo-karb of heavy body.It can be used to decationize type soluble metal, calcium hardness, magnesium hardness and cationic organic surface cleaner.Suppose that E represents fixed part in the Zeo-karb particle, M1 ⁺, M2 ⁺And M3 ⁺Represent unit price, divalence and trivalent soluble heavy metal (Zn respectively ^{+ 2}, Cu ^{+ 2}, Ag ⁺, Ni ^{+ 2}, Se ^{+ 2}, Cr ^{+ 3}, Pb ^{+ 2}, Fe ^{+ 3}, Fe ^{+ 2}, Mn ^{+ 2}Or the like), Ca ^{+ 2}Represent calcium hardness, Mg ^{+ 2}Represent magnesium hardness, H ⁺Represent ion, T represents the cationic toxic organic compound of meltability.The reaction of removing is as follows:

The EH(Zeo-karb)+M1 ⁺

=EM1(exhausted Zeo-karb)+H ⁺

The 2EH(Zeo-karb)+M2 ^{+ 2}

=2E0.5M2(exhausted Zeo-karb)+2H ⁺

The 3EH(Zeo-karb)+M3 ^{+ 3}

=3E0.333M3(exhausted Zeo-karb)+3H ⁺

The 4EH(Zeo-karb)+Ca ²⁺+ Mg ²⁺

＝2E·0.5Ca+2E·0.5Mg+4H ⁺

The EH(Zeo-karb)+T ⁺

=ET(exhausted Zeo-karb)+H ⁺

EH in the above-mentioned reaction formula represents the Zeo-karb of hydrogen ion form.Reaction back EH discharges the H of lower concentration ⁺Ion.When resin cation (R.C.) is the form of sodium, at this moment represent with ENa, replace the EH in the above-mentioned reaction.In reaction, Na ⁺(rather than H ⁺) be discharged in the entry; And the exhausted Zeo-karb is same form.

Above-indicated Zeo-karb can with the acid of high density or bittern (sodium-chlor, NaCl) solution-treated obtains regeneration effectively:

EM1+H ⁺(regenerator)

=EH(regenerated sun is from exchange resin)+M1 ⁺

2E0.5M ²+ 2H ⁺(regenerator)

=2EH(regenerated Zeo-karb)+M2 ⁺

3E0.333M ³+ 3H ⁺(regenerator)

=3EH(regenerated Zeo-karb)+M3 ⁺

2E0.5Ca+2E0.5Mg+4H ⁺(regenerator)

=4EH(regenerated Zeo-karb)+Ca ^{+ 2}+ Mg ^{+ 2}

ET+H ⁺(regenerator)

=EH(regenerated Zeo-karb)+T ⁺

Here, H ⁺Ion is provided by high density, and all EH in reaction equation the right are the Zeo-karbs of regenerated hydrogen ion type, can be used in described pressure filter 4 again; M1 ⁺, M2 ⁺, M3 ⁺, Ca ^{+ 2}, Mg ^{+ 2}And T ⁺Be the lapaxis of high density, can discharge and discard as waste product.

When the bittern NaCl with high density regenerated used Zeo-karb, NaCl provided Na ⁺Ion (rather than H ⁺Ion) plays regeneration.The regenerated Zeo-karb is sodium pattern ENa(rather than EH); M1 ⁺, M2 ⁺, M3 ⁺, Ca ^{+ 2}, Mg ⁺And T ⁺Also be to produce in lapaxis solution.Hence one can see that, and Zeo-karb is a functionality, also is the granular filtering medium of reproducibility.

The Zeo-karb of heavy body belongs to the tenth kind of functionality filtration medium that is used in the described pressure filter 4.Its target is to remove the anionic solubility and dyes matter and poisonous substance, including, but not limited to: AsO -3 ₄, PO -3 ₄, C ₂O -2 ₄, F ^-, SO -2 ₃, Fe(CN) -4 ₄, CrO -2 ₄, S ₂O -2 ₃, Fe(CN) -3 ₆, Cr ₂O -2 ₇, NO - ₂, CNS ^-, I ^-, Br ^-, Cl ^-, MnO - ₄, ClO - ₄, CH ₃COO ^-And S ^-2Above-mentioned is the modal matter of dying in the tap water.The Zeo-karb that illustrates hydroxyl type EOH below is how to remove above-mentioned substance and poisonous substance, and the highly basic of sodium hydroxide one class is the used anionite-exchange resin of how regenerating.Here A1 ^-1, A2 ^-2And A3 ^-3Represent respectively that solubility is monovalent, divalence and the tervalent cationic matter/poisonous substance that dyes.E represents fixed part in the anion exchange resin particles; And EOH is the anionite-exchange resin of hydroxyl type.

EOH(anionite-exchange resin)+A1

=EAl(exhausted anionite-exchange resin)+OH ^-

2EOH(anionite-exchange resin)+A2 ^-2

=2E0.5A2(exhausted anionite-exchange resin)+2OH ^-

3EOH(anionite-exchange resin)+A3 ^-3

=3E0.333A3(exhausted anionite-exchange resin)+3OH ^-

Shown in above three reaction equations, hydroxide ion (OH ^-) be under low concentration, to be discharged into to remove anionic property through anionite-exchange resin and dye after the processing after matter and the toxicity in the water.

When anionite-exchange resin consume used up, they will make manipulation of regeneration with the sodium hydroxide NaOH solution of high density (or other subtracting property strong solutions, as sodium hydroxide KOH), thereby above-mentioned three chemical equation are pushed to backward reaction:

EA1+OH ^-(regenerator)

=EOH(regenerated anionite-exchange resin)+A1 ^-

2E0.5A2+2OH ^-(regenerator)

=2EOH(regenerated anionite-exchange resin)+A2 ^-

3E0.333A3+3OH ^-(regenerator)

=3EOH(regenerated anionite-exchange resin)+A3 ^-

A1 herein ^-, A2 ^-And A3 ^-Be the thing of emitting of the low volume of high density, can discharge as the refuse reject.

Diatomite is the granular filtering medium of kind of non-functionality, and is general in all conventional precoat filters, removes pollutent lifeless, insoluble in anhydrating, that suspend.Treating processes of the present invention and equipment comprise uses the pollutent that the functionality granular filtering medium removes lived, abiotic in anhydrating, dissolved and suspension.In addition, most reactive granular filtering medium is a recyclability.Diatomite is suitable for doing used filtration auxiliary or the filling agent of filter operation among the present invention, and its valency is cheap.

The present invention also relates to adopt polymeric adsorbant to remove volatile organic compounds in the contaminated liquid (VOCs) and radiativity radon gas as the filtration medium 4F in the pressure filter 4.Polymeric adsorbant is the synthetic with many micropores.

Enumerate below and utilize polymeric adsorbant (PA) to remove volatility and radioactive pollutant in the contaminating fluid and the physics-chemical reaction of the exhausted polymeric adsorbant being made manipulation of regeneration among the present invention:

PA+ contains the contaminating fluid of VOCs and radon

=VOCs and radon dipping exhausted PA+ scavenging solution

VOCs and radon dipping exhausted PA+ pressurized air

=regenerated PA+ contains the gaseous effluent of VOCs and radon

Regenerated PA+ contains the contaminating fluid of VOCs and radon

=VOCs and radon dipping exhausted PA+ scavenging solution

Adsorber 25 among the present invention shown in Figure 11 contains sorbent material, and is used for purifying the described gaseous effluent that contains volatile organic compounds and radon gas.This gas is discharged when being the explanation mode of action (Figure 10) in the regeneration process of granular carbon or polymeric adsorbant.The physics-chemical reaction of its gas purification process is:

Sorbent material+the contain gaseous effluent of VOCs and radon

The gaseous effluent of=VOCs and radon dipping exhausted sorbent material+purification

The gas of purification shown in Figure 11 flows out body and can directly be discharged in the atmosphere on every side.Volatile organic compounds and radon dipping exhausted sorbent material are solidified in viscose glue and/or polymerizing curable agent, are embedded in the wholesomeness waste material fill up ground as final waste.Another kind method is in the atmosphere of the described gaseous effluent that contains volatile organic matter and radon around being discharged into and do not produce harm, if this gas concentration can be limit to according with regulations mechanism defined safety towards rare by dilution instrument 46 in the mound, Fen, thereby do not need the sorbent material in the described adsorber 25.Also have another kind of treatment process to be: the described adsorber 25 that contains sorbent material to be adopted do purifying air, have Envirolution, INC.'s spent sorbent material of collection of license to carry out commercial manipulation of regeneration or discarded by one.

Sorbent material in the described adsorber 25 is selected from one group of article, includes cloth shape gac (FAC), granular carbon (GAC), polymeric adsorbant (PA), chemical treatments sorbent material, alkaline purification granular carbon, alkaline purification cloth shape gac, coalescing filtration medium, porous paper filtration medium, porous charcoal filtration medium, sintered glass fiber filter media or its various combinations.Described alkali is sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, sodium aluminate or its various combinations.

The functionality granular filtering medium 4F that is used for the present invention is seated in the pressure filter 4, perhaps as the fixed filter bed, perhaps as the precoat filtration bed; Wherein or contain diatomite or do not contain diatomite and (see Figure 1A-1I).

With regard to the present invention, there are nine operating method in the central controlled filter system that contains that leading portion is handled and back segment is handled: filtration treatment (Fig. 2), back scrubbing (Fig. 3), bypass (Fig. 4), flushing (Fig. 5), chemical preparation (Fig. 6), circulation (Fig. 7), precoated layer (Fig. 8), cleaning (Fig. 9) and take off suction (Figure 10).The selection of operating method is to regulate mark by manually or automatically alloting the operating method that is marked on the central water current control instrument 3.

Central water current control tool kit contains the switch 5P of the inlet 4P of a wide-mouth, a described pressure filter 4 of control inflow, a controlling flow from the switch 6P of described pressure filter 4, a switch of controlling the described processing bucket 11 of inflow, a gate out switch of controlling described waste discharge 7L of system of inflow and 10L, and clearly is marked with operating method.These operating method have comprised filteration, back scrubbing, bypass, flushing, preparation, circulation/precoated layer, cleaning/take off suction at least.

Equipment of the present invention can be provided with more than one chemical charging instrument 7 and valve 8.

Entire equipment of the present invention be designed to standard package design.Each all contains a pump system 1L-10L, 3, one leading portion processing tools 5 of 7, one pumps of a chemical feed system, 2, one central water current control instrument, and a back segment processing tool 6.One or more standard package (each has different functionality granular filtering mediums) can be installed together, and is used on the specific water treatment applications.Because each standard package only has a central water current control instrument, be mechanical and electric power from the automatization red-tape operati, no doubt manual operation control is also very simple and gratifying.

When precoated layer is operated, chemical feed system 7 and handle bucket 11 and be input into respectively and mix granular filtering medium (Fig. 8); And this same chemical feed system 7 and processing bucket 11 then are input into respectively and the mixed chemical product when the chemical beamhouse operation (Fig. 6).This chemical is used for the regeneration of the filtration medium that carries out in described pressure filter.The used chemical of cation regenerant exchange resin is sodium-chlor (or a kind of acid), and it is imported and handle by described chemical feed system 7 and processing bucket 11.The used chemical of anion regenerant exchange resin then is sodium-chlor (or a kind of alkali), is also imported by described chemical feed system 7 and handles in handling bucket 11.

Liquid filtering after this improvement of simplifying with required at least valve (having a central water current control instrument and several chemical charging scalar valve at least) is handled and fully is presented at Figure 1A to Fig. 1 I, though in addition more valve can not hinder the operation of filtration treatment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 to Figure 10 describes the operating characteristics of satisfied body incarnation in detail.It includes a cover synoptic diagram of making filtration treatment under the different operating mode with invention.

Figure 1A to Fig. 1 I shows the various designs of pressure filter 4 among described the present invention.

Figure 1A represents the current pattern and the internal structure of described pressure filter 4.It is assembled into and operates as making progress cross-flow filter.This strainer contains the single thread of elasticity sleeve 4SF, covers outside the described strainer dividing plate 4S.In precoated layer operating method shown in Figure 8, filter media 4F by precoated layer on described sleeve 4SF.In the filtration treatment operator scheme (Figure 1A and Fig. 2), the time that rotary-type 75 current in described pressure filter 4 make filteration carry out is longer, and it can not have the similar filtration operation (Figure 1B) of described rotary-type current 75 to compare with one.

Figure 1B represents the flow pattern formula and the internal structure of described pressure filter 4.It also is also operating as the cross-flow filter that makes progress of being assembled into.This strainer also contains the single thread of elasticity sleeve 4SF, covers outside the described strainer dividing plate 4S and supports described filtration medium 4F, but do not have rotary-type current in described pressure filter 4.

Fig. 1 C shows a kind of situation, and pressure filter 4 is operated as a downward cross-flow filter.It does not have elasticity single thread sleeve and rotary-type current.The direct precoated layer of filtration medium 4F is used for liquid filtering on filter membrane.

Fig. 1 D shows a kind of replacement scheme of described pressure filter 4.It comprises multicellular filtering chamber 61 and contain such as granular carbon, polymeric adsorbant, reticulated foam, in and the functionality filtration medium of the oxide compound of sand, manganese, ion exchange resin or its each and combination.Pressure filter 4 shown in Fig. 1 D is for changeing filtering chamber 61 fast and easily and filter bag 62 designs.Whole pressure filter 4 can disintegrate in the time and assembling again at several minutes.Chamber 68,69,70th, hollow in order to uniform distribution liquid.Though the pressure filter 4 shown in Fig. 1 D is following flow filter, it also can be used as a upflow filter, as long as the direction of liquid-flow is opposite.Described filtering chamber 61 can be the ready-formed disposal type that does not require precoated layer and back scrubbing, but also can be need precoated layer and back scrubbing can use type again.Back one type contains a filtering diaphragm, optionally single a sleeve and a filtration medium in detail.

Fig. 1 E is dirty standard package pressure filter 4.It contains a plurality of filter criteria assemblies 58,59 and 60, in be equipped with reactive and non-reacted filtration medium.Similarly, whole pressure filter 4 can disintegrate in the time and assembling again at several minutes, because each standard package can remove separately, and is easy to get and changes or regenerate.Chamber 68 and 69 is a hollow, in order to uniform distribution liquid.Described pressure filter 4 does not require precoated layer or back scrubbing, when when water (flow) direction is opposite, can be used as a upflow filter and operates.

Fig. 1 F has described one and has put into formula filter bag 56 easily.It is installed in the inside of pressure filter 4, and is supported by filter membrane 4S.The described formula filter bag 56 of putting into can be used alone as filtration treatment, perhaps also can insert foregoing functionality and non-functionality filtration medium 57.Lift an exemplary, put into formula filter bag 56 when this and fill out hydrophilic sponge plastics as described filtration medium 57, this pressure filter 4 can remove the grease in anhydrating effectively.Though of only drawing in the pressure filter 4 of Fig. 1 F puts into formula filter bag 56, its tangible pressure filter can be installed the more than one formula filter bag of putting into for 4 li.

Fig. 1 G is the substitute of a upstream pressure strainer 4.It includes filtering diaphragm 4S, filtration medium 4F, fluid dispense chambers 68 and 69, and filter bag 66 and 67.This filter bag 66 and 67 further contains the filtration medium of previously described functionality and non-functionality.Described filtration medium 4F can be by precoated layer or back scrubbing.If the pressure filter shown in Fig. 1 G is inverted, it promptly becomes flow filter.

Fig. 1 H is the substitute of another kind of pressure filter 4.It consists of: one with filter inlet 4A and the filter bag that is connected of pipe 5L 63, one second filter bag 64, a filter membrane 4S, a liquid distribution chamber 68 and a filter outlet 4C.Other assembly of this pressure filter 4 is in above narration.Be provided with at described filter inlet 4A one interrupt fast, the characteristic of coupling, be used in and take away or enclose described filter bag 63.

All bag type filters (comprise and put into the formula filter bag) are all can select with the different micron bag of scope at 1 to 1000 micron.

Figure 11 is the downstream pressure strainer 4 of an improvement, contains a filter inlet 4A, liquid distribution chamber 68 and 69, filtration medium 4F, a filter membrane 4S, condensation product outlet 4B, a filter outlet 4C.Described filtration medium 4F needs periodically back scrubbing permanent type, perhaps can be the precoating stratotype that needs periodically back scrubbing and precoated layer simultaneously.

Correspondingly, described pressure filter 4 is what shut fully, and there is instrument to load this pressure filter 4, loading used thing is: discardable filtering chamber or the filter bag that changes, standard group fixed filter, put into the single thread of formula filter bag, permanent filter barrier film, elasticity sleeve, filtration medium, in order to receive and the instrument that discharges liquid, the instrument that takes off suction, the instrument of liquid distribution, instrument or its various compositions of concentrated solution discharging.This pressure filter also has an instrument or to be used as a cross-flow filter with this pressure filter and (has or do not have rotating fluid; Possesses or do not possess the single thread of elasticity sleeve; Dirty is dirty, or advection; Possess or do not possess precoated layer) operate, perhaps be used as a conventional filtration device (upper reaches or dirty) and operate.

Described filter membrane 4S(Figure 1A-1I) is by Porous Stainless Steel, soft steel, galvinized steel, alloy, porcelain, glass, glass fibre, plastic medium (polyethylene, nylon, carbonization polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene), or its various combination is made.

Concise and to the point brief summary: functionality of the present invention and non-functionality filtration medium 4F(Figure 1A-1I) are to be selected from as next group material; Granulated metal medium, Mn oxide, diatomite, ordinary granular gac, biocidal property filtration medium (silver dipping granular carbon or iodinated resin), granulated active alumina, ion exchange resin (Zeo-karb, or anionite-exchange resin, greensand, in and sand, silica sand, coal, polymeric adsorbant, reticulated foam, cloth gac, coalescing filtration medium or its various combinations.Chemical of the present invention is chemical regenerant (potassium permanganate, sodium-chlor, sodium iodide), acid, alkali, sterilizing agent (ozone, hypochlorite, chlorine), filters auxiliary, precoated layer chemical agent (functionality granular filtering medium, diatomite), chemical floc (Tai-Ace S 150, aluminum chloride, ferric sulfate, polymer alumina, poly-ferric chloride, sodium aluminate, calcium hydroxide, calcium oxide, polyelectrolyte) or its various combinations.

Processing of the present invention bucket 11 in operation as a kind of sequence precipitation process device, a kind of sequence flotation treater in batches in batches.A kind of continuous flocculation one precipitation settler, or a kind of continuous flocculation-floatation clarifier device.

With reference to figure 2 described filteration operating method, handle relevant influent Q1 with ultraviolet leading portion processing tool 5 and chemical leading portion and pump by pump 2, by inflow property management 1L, 2L, 3L and 4L are to central water current control instrument 3.In the filteration mode, the influent Qi that leading portion was handled enters into pressure filter 4 from central current control tool and handles by pipe 5L.When this equipment of operation under the filtration treatment mode, (allot central water current control instrument 3 and be " filteration ", Fig. 3 does not draw), control flows into the switch 8P and the 9P that handle bucket 7 and the 9L of waste discharge system and closes, and other switches of this central water current control instrument 3 (4P, 5P, 6P and 7P) breakdowns all.Pressure filter 4 is a complete closed when filtration treatment is operated, and handles influent Qi in order to purify described section before; Strainer flows out body Qe(when it is discharged into pipe 7L and enters before the ultraviolet back segment processing tool 6) send back to this central water current control instrument 3 by pipe 6L.The back segment treatment solution promptly is from flowing out the product liquid 10 that body pipe 10L comes.When adopting cross-flow operation, the switch-valve 4B of described pressure filter 4 is a breakdown when getting rid of condensation product Qc with little volumetric flow rate; Switch-valve 4B closes when adopting non-cross-flow operation.

With reference to figure 3 described backwash operation modes, pressure filter 4(closes when the back scrubbing strainer fully) the reception influent Q1 that flows backwards in the opposite direction and from pump 2 and central water current control instrument 3, by pipe 1L, 2L, 3L, 4L and 6L self wash the granular filtering medium in this pressure filter 4; When back scrubbing waste water Qb is used as before refuse 9 is displaced into waste discharge equipment 9L, it is sent back to central water current control instrument 3.When (the using pump and allot the central water Flow Control and be made as " back scrubbing " of operation under back scrubbing mode during this equipment.Do not draw on the figure), lead to described processing pump 11 and switch 8P and the 7P of delivery pipe 7L and close respectively, and other switches 4P of central water current control instrument 3,5P, 6P and 9P are breakdowns.Switch- valve 4B and 8 closes.

With reference to figure 4 described bypass operating method.When the bypass mode is operated, central water current control instrument 3 receives from the next influent Q1 of pump 2 streams, and described influent Q1 is used as product liquid 10 and directly gives off.When this equipment of operation under the bypass mode, (use pump, and allot the central water Flow Control and be made as " bypass ", do not mark on the figure), controlling flow is to reaching from pressure filter 4 effusive switches, and controlling flow closes to the switch of handling bucket 11 and the 9L of waste discharge system, and all rest switches that should central authorities' control tool 3 are breakdown then.Handle if influent Q1 leading portion processing tool 5 both of no use ultraviolet and chemical charging instrument 7 carry out leading portion, ultraviolet back segment processing tool 6 of no use again carries out back segment to be handled, and it then is direct bypass process.If flow into stream Q1 and be (do not comprise do not carry out filtering) that leading portion and/or back segment handled here, it then is the bypass process of filteration.

With reference to figure 5, in the backwashing manner operation, central water current control 3 receives described influent Q1 from pump 2, and directly influent is abolished the described 9L of waste discharge system.Inflow Q1 is not pretreated.When at backwashing manner, when operating this equipment, with pump and allot central water current control 3 and be " flushing " (not showing on the figure), the switch 5P of pressure filter 4, processing bucket 11 and delivery pipe 7L that control UNICOM is described, 6P, 7P and 8P closure, rest switch 4P and 9P be breakdown then.

With reference to figure 6, in stand-by mode operation, central water current control 3 receives and contains chemical (it is from chemical feed system 7 and pump 2) influent Q1, and the influent Q1 that will contain chemical is discharged into and handles bucket 11 and make chemical and prepare.Chemical is passed to influent Q1 by chemical feed system 7 and valve 8.When there was enough liquid the inside, the source of influent Q1 then cut off; When chemical when to prepare required chemical be enough, 8 on valve cuts out.When described equipment when the chemical stand-by mode is operated, with pump and allot central water current control instrument 3 and be " preparation " (not showing on the figure), the switch 5P of control UNICOM pressure filter 4, liquid discharge pipe 7L and the 9L of waste discharge system, 6P, 7P and 9P closure, the rest switch 4P of this central water current control instrument 3 and 8P be breakdown then.

With reference to figure 7, by this 11L, 2L, 3L, 4L and pump 2, central water current control instrument 3 receive from handling the effluent Q11 of bucket 11; To handle bucket effluent Q11 by common filter inlet 4A and be discharged to pressure filter effluent Q4, in order to the regeneration filtration medium; Then under the Recycle design operation, receive pressure filter effluent Q4, and processing bucket 11 is sent in recirculation.When this equipment of operation under egr mode, with pump and allot central water current control instrument 3 and be " recirculation/precoated layer 1 " (not shown), and do not press precoated layer 1 button (not showing on the figure), the switch 7P and the 9P closure that connect liquid discharge pipe 7L and the 9L of waste discharge system, and all the other opening 4P, 5P, 6P and 8P be breakdown then.

With reference to figure 8, when (if according to circumstances adopt words) when the precoated layer mode is operated, central water current control instrument 3 receives that described processings bucket flows out body Q11 and precoated layer is starched Q7 in order to pressure filter 4 is carried out coating.Pressure filter effluent Q4 flows back to by central water current control instrument 3 and handles bucket 11.When the used liquid of precoated layer operation is enough, influent Q1 and then fluid stopping of precoated layer slurry Q7.When utilizing pump, press precoated layer button (not shown), and allot central water current control instrument 3 when operating this equipment with the precoated layer mode under the situation of " circulation/precoated layer " (not shown), the switch 7P and the 9P closure that connect liquid discharge pipe 7L and the 9L of waste discharge system, and remaining switch 4P, 5P, 6P and 8P be breakdown then.At this moment filtration medium slurry is by described pump 2, central water current control instrument 3, pressure filter 4 again through central water current control instrument 3 with handle bucket 11, circulates, with the filtration medium precoated layer on described pressure filter 4.

With reference to figure 9, in the cleaning way operation time spent (if adopted words), central authorities' current instrument 3 receives described influent Q1, and it is discharged into pressure filter 4, puts into the 9L of waste discharge system in order to clean its filtration medium and rinse water Q4 abandoned from pressure filter 4.When using pump and allot the central water Flow Control and be made as " cleaning/take off suction " (not showing on the figure) and do not press and take off under the situation of inhaling the button (not shown), when operating this equipment with cleaning way, the switch 7P and the 8P that connect described liquid discharge tube 7L and processing bucket 11 close, and the rest switch of described central water current control instrument 3 is breakdown then.The switch of the instrument of chemical charging at this moment 7 is closed.

With reference to taking off suction effect operating method (if the words that adopt) among Figure 10: pump 2 shuts down, central water current control instrument 3 is alloted and is " cleaning/take off suction " mode (not shown), and press to take off and inhale the button (not shown), make and connect described second effluent delivery pipe 7L, handle bucket 11, the switch 7P of the inlet of pressure filter 4 and pump 2,8P, 5P and 4P close, and the rest switch 6P of central water current control instrument and 9P breakdown, use at first the residual water in the pressure filter 4 is given off, secondly take off suction (regeneration) functionality filtration medium 4F with pressurized air 12, use an air emission control instrument 14(Figure 10 at last) purify from the air of pressure filter 4 discharges.Air emission control instrument 14 among Figure 10 is buckets (Figure 11) and contains a waste discharge system pipes 9L.Pipe 9L removes residual water and exhausted air guiding air emission control instrument.Air emission control instrument contains: three fore workers 45,46 and 47, in order to the rough purification air; A demister mat 22 is in order to remove the moisture content of emitting among the gas 9G; Gas dilution instrument 4D in the mound, a Fen is in order to towards rare air 9G that emits; An air conveyor 23 is used for carrying the air 9G that emits; One enters gas thief hatch 24, is used for sampling analysis; An adsorber 25 is in order to purify air; A vent gas thief hatch 26 is in order to sampling analysis; Reach two liquid exit 29A and 28B.In taking off the suction operation, originally use pressurized air 12(Figure 10) the residual water in the pressure filter 4, be discharged into air emission control instrument by the 9L of waste discharge system, and be collected as waste water 9(Figure 11).Secondly, pressurized air 12 with the radiativity radon of volatile organic matter in the pressure filter 4 volatilized organic matter and the sorbent material (granular carbon, polymeric adsorbant etc.) that has expended of radon dipping take off suction, and flow to described air emission control instrument 14.Valve 41 is breakdowns there, and valve 42 cuts out.The air 9G that emits that contains volatile organic compounds and radon is by fore worker 45,46 and 47, and pneumatic outlet 21, valve 41 and demister mat 22 to be reducing humidity, and by described sorbent material 25 to reduce volatile organic compounds and radon.Enter gas thief hatch 24 and vent gas thief hatch 26 in order to the collection gaseous sample, and then determine the gas purification efficiency of described adsorber 25.Meet air quality standard if the gas of the purification of coming out from adsorber 25 flows out body 12, the gaseous effluent of this purification promptly is discharged in the ambient air.

Another kind of scheme is: valve 41 shown in Figure 12 and valve 42 are closed respectively and are opened, and the air 9G that gives off is by fore worker 45,46 and 47, dilution instrument 40 in pneumatic outlet 21, air conveyor 23 and the mound, Fen, in order to towards diluted gas, so that the gaseous effluent 44 that purifies meets air quality standard.Be placed on air conveyor 23 overcritical will the using of that cover fore worker 45,46 and 47 before.Described fore worker 45 is the coalescing filter assembly.Fore worker 46 and 47 then contains glass fibre filter, cloth shape activated charcoal filter, hydrophobic reticulated foam, hydrophilic reticulated foam or its various combinations.The present invention's air emission control instrument 14 also can be applied to otherwise air pollution control effectively and use, as purifying the contaminated of coming out from the commercial kitchen.

Also have another kind of scheme: dilution instrument 40 in the described mound, Fen can be installed in described pressure filter 4(such as Figure 1A, 1B, 1C, 1G and 1I) in a valve 4E, take off in order to simplification and to inhale operation, so air emission control instrument 14 can the free time.

Also has another kind of scheme: can be installed in dilution instrument 40 in the mound, described Fen after the adsorber 25 the gaseous effluent 12A(Figure 11 that purifies in order to dilution).

In situation of the present invention, the many conventional water flow control valve that is used to operate described pressure filter 4 and handles bucket 11 can take down and change into a central water current control instrument 3.Simultaneously, the mode of various filter operations can be operated by alloting easily.But, can reach the various liquid of filtration treatment by appropriate selection functionality/recyclability filter medium and chemical regenerant.

Utilize the advantage of the multiple tracks switch mouth (not showing on the figure) in the described central water current control instrument 3, can simplify the liquid filtering operation of this improvement.Allot the operating method that is marked on a certain feature on the central water current control instrument 3, only relevant switch mouth breakdown, irrelevant switch mouth are then closed simultaneously, handle, act on or discharge so liquid can be imported suitable processing unit or pipe.

The compound standard package of this equipment and pretreating tool 5 and 7 or aftertreatment instrument 6 can adopt more than one central water current control instrument 3 so if desired.

Utilize the advantage of multiple functionality filtration medium in the described pressure filter 4F, can reach the efficient of improving liquid treatment.Select the strainer of one or more feasibilities and filter auxiliary, can be only target contaminant from described influent Q1 effectively, optionally remove, therefore can be issued to the purpose of liquid treatment in the condition of fiscal capacity permission.

Design art of the present invention is to improve processing efficiency as far as possible and reduce operation as far as possible to consume, so, samll cities and towns, office, private home, even the individual adopts this equipment clean water, effluent is handled, perhaps special fluid purification.In the great majority of this equipment were used, influent Q1 was drawn into equipment with sufficiently high speed, handled unit or pipe with can flow through described central water current control instrument 3 and other of the liquid that guarantees the access arrangement system.Use pumping plant, pass saturating energy by pump 2 and give liquid.This equipment is exactly to utilize higher this advantage of energy level of ratio of liquid institute tool to reach improved effect usually.

Also need should be mentioned that, only carried out the manipulation of regeneration (comprising the strainer precoated layer) of liquid medium or chemical flocculation when handling when design, handle bucket be only essential.

In the liquid filtering operation of the used simplification of residenter house, filter membrane (filter element) 4S and functionality medium 4F in the described pressure filter 4 are discardable types, thus convenient operation and management.Common filter membrane 4S of the present invention is sponge plastics medium, Porous Stainless Steel medium or porous data medium.But the material that is used in the present invention's disposable filters barrier film is sintered glass fiber medium, porous paper medium, porous charcoal medium or its various combinations.Strainer dividing plate 4S also can do filter operation separately and not need functionality NOR-function granular filtering medium 4F.

The present invention can adopt a plurality of pressure filteres 4 to carry out the successive filtration treatment.When carrying out under the operating method of one of them pressure filter outside the filteration mode, remaining pressure filter can move under the filtration treatment mode and reach continuous processing.

But equipment of the present invention both central water current control instrument 3 carries out manual operation, and available again same central water current control instrument 3 is operated automatically.

Another kind of scheme is, replaces with one group of solenoid valve or automatically controlled valve and entreats current control tool 3 among described.These valves receive the electronics/electric power signal of sequencing, and open and close according to operator's instruction;

Filtration treatment mode (Fig. 2)

Valve 4P-5P and valve 6P-7P breakdown, and other valve contract fullys.

Back scrubbing mode (Fig. 3)

Valve 4P-6P and valve 5P-9P breakdown, and be somebody's turn to do the valve contract fully of organizing other.

Bypass mode (Fig. 4)

Valve 4P-6P breakdown, and other valve contract fully that should group.

Backwashing manner (Fig. 5)

Valve 4P-9P breakdown, and other valve contract fully that should group.

Stand-by mode (Fig. 6)

Valve 4P-8P breakdown, and other valve contract fully that should group.

Recycle design (Fig. 7)

Valve 4P-5P and valve 6P-8P breakdown, and other valve contract fullys of this group.

Precoated layer mode (Fig. 8)

Valve 4P-5P and valve 6P-8P breakdown, and other valve contract fullys of this group.

Cleaning way (Fig. 9)

Valve 4P-5P and valve 6P-9P breakdown, and other valve contract fullys of this group.

Take off suction mode (Figure 10)

Valve 6P-10P breakdown, and other valve contract fullys of this group.

It is to be noted at last, treating processes provided by the present invention and equipment not only can be used to remove the particles suspended in anhydrating, also can remove lived microorganism, soluble iron, manganese, heavy metal, hardness, volatile organic compounds, radiativity radon and gummy solid.These water comprise river, lake water, underground water, domestic waste water, commercial run water, rainwater stream and the swimming-pool water of pollution.

In various specific application, some instrument of the present invention is then undertaken main processing effect, and other instrument then becomes accessory, or idle, or interrupts, with cost saving.

For example, contain the lived of high density to one, the processing of the high pollution water of lifeless and radiativity pollutent, is handled bucket, central water current control instrument, filtering under pressure instrument at the ultraviolet leading portion processing tool in the present invention's the equipment, pump tool, chemical feed system; Ultraviolet ray back segment processing tool, air discharging instrument and tubing system will be optimal filter plants.

When handling the underground water that is polluted by pathogenic bacterium, soluble metal and lower concentration radiativity radon gas, the described water treatment instrument of epimere article still needs.Yet wherein handling bucket can be a simple bucket (not having mixing effect, throwing out and solid-liquid separating tool).Simultaneously, air discharging instrument may simply be a bucket, gas dilution instrument (not containing fore worker and/or adsorber) in an air conveyor and the mound, a Fen.

When handling the highly polluted water that does not contain radiativity radon gas and volatile organic compounds, whole air discharging instrument of the present invention is with free time or interruption, with cost saving, though still need all remaining water treatment instruments.

When using equipment of the present invention and method and further purify the water,tap of private home, many water treatment instruments just do not need such as the used chemical feed system of town water treatment office, control tool, processing bucket and pump tool.Yet a stand-by pump (it is the part of present device) is installed, in case occurrent influent pipe hydraulic pressure is not high enough to promote described liquid flow all over entire equipment.Remaining water treatment instrument (tubing system as described, ultraviolet leading portion are handled and/or the back segment processing tool, and at least one pressure filter instrument) is that family's water treatment applications is necessary.

The present invention also very is suitable for purifying the process water of small-business and industry, as washes the water that automobile and glass-cutting are emitted.In this case, then lay particular emphasis on and use described chemical conveying system, complete processing bucket (instrument that contains the discharging of the flocculation, solid water separation and the residual waste that carry out chemical mixing, water), pump tool, at least one filtering under pressure instrument, ultraviolet back segment processing tool and tubing system.In addition, the filtration medium of described filtering under pressure tool interior or filter chamber can be the throw-away-types that does not require back scrubbing and regeneration, also can be the prolonged types of the outer regeneration of requirement equipment.As indicated above, the processing bucket of being carried can be used as a series and criticizes formula precipitation process device and operate, also can be used as a series and criticize formula flotation treater, perhaps series is criticized formula switching processor (U.S. Patent Application Serial 07/871041 that people such as Wang registered on April 20th, 1) or a conventional flocculation-precipitation process device is operated.Here narrated, used the process water that the present invention handles small-business and industrial pollution, be able to water again with not producing waste water (except a spot of solid waste, as the filter chamber and the filtration medium of throw-away-type.

When handling the polluted water in large scale business and industrial base, just need of the present invention one complete process and equipment.The filtration medium quilt is back scrubbing and manipulation of regeneration periodically.Waste water that the present invention produced and residual waste will be discharged in the municipal wastewater treatment system.

Claims (17)

1, a kind of filtration treatment method that can remove pollutent from contaminating fluid comprises the steps:

(1) described filtration processing equipment of operation.This equipment comprise a tubing system (its comprise again an influent pipe, several effluent liquid delivery pipe, waste discharge system, and several processing pipes), a ultraviolet leading portion processing tool, a chemical feed system, a pump tool, handle bucket for one, a filtering under pressure instrument (comprising functionality and non-functionality filtration medium and at least one filtering diaphragm), a ultraviolet back segment processing tool, and central water current control instrument that is under the filtration treatment mode

(2) with pump contaminating fluid is extracted into described equipment and his like liquid-in pipe,

(3) use described ultraviolet leading portion processing tool to contaminating fluid carry out disinfection (if necessary), produce a kind of ultraviolet leading portion treatment solution, and described ultraviolet leading portion treatment solution is discharged to one of the described processing bucket that is connected with described ultraviolet leading portion processing tool or described processing pipe

(4) if desired, applied chemistry product feed system is passed to chemical in the described ultraviolet leading portion treatment solution of handling in one of bucket or described processing pipe, and carry out the chemical leading portion and handle, and then produced a kind of ultraviolet ray and/or chemical leading portion treatment solution,

(5) with pump described central water current control instrument is delivered in ultraviolet ray and/or chemical leading portion treatment solution, this ultraviolet ray and/or chemical leading portion treatment solution flow to therefrom by described filtration medium and at least one and have filtered the described pressure filter that barrier film is formed

(6) in the described pressure filter, by the filtration medium that described filtering diaphragm supported ultraviolet ray and/or chemical leading portion treatment solution are filtered, removing suspension, dissolved, radiativity, that life is arranged and pollutent non-life, thereby produced a kind of strainer effluent

(7) look required situation, in a long filter operation, the concentrated solution that produces in the described filtering under pressure instrument is periodically emitted by a switch-valve, and/or, look required situation again, periodically the described useless residue that produces in the bucket of handling is excluded.

(8) by described central water current control instrument the strainer effluent is discharged into described effluent vent pipe.There, the strainer effluent is handled by ultraviolet back segment processing tool, and produces a back segment treatment solution,

(9) in the time of needs, periodically forward central water current control instrument to (with manual maneuvering or manipulation automatically) back scrubbing mode from described filtration treatment mode and come the described pressure filter of back scrubbing.The water (flow) direction of back scrubbing is opposite with the water (flow) direction of normal filtration treatment mode, utilize ultraviolet ray and/or chemical leading portion treatment solution and produced back scrubbing waste water, back scrubbing waste water from described pressure filter and central authorities washing control tool be discharged into waste discharge system and discard thereafter

(10) when needs, forward described central water current control instrument to (with manual maneuvering or manipulation automatically) cleaning way by previous processing mode, use the described filtering under pressure instrument that cleans.During cleaning, described ultraviolet ray and/or chemical leading portion treatment solution flow direction are consistent with the washing direction of normal filtration processing mode, produced Cleaning Wastewater, thereafter Cleaning Wastewater has been discharged to described waste discharge system from described filtering under pressure instrument and central water current control instrument and discards

(11) described central water current control instrument is adjusted back to (with manual maneuvering or operation automatically) filtration treatment mode again by described cleaning way, use and carry out normal filter operation, thereby produce alternative strainer effluent and alternative concentrated solution.And repeating step (1) is to (8),

(12) when needs, the processing mode that central water current control instrument was undertaken by any front is transferred to (with manual maneuvering or operation automatically) bypass mode, make ultraviolet leading portion treatment solution flow to described filtering under pressure instrument from bypass, and made back segment by described ultraviolet back segment processing tool and handle, thereby produce a kind of non-filtration treatment, but sterile product liquid

(13) when needs, periodically forward described central water current control instrument to backwashing manner by any processing mode in front, use the opening of flushing flow liquid-in pipe and central authorities' washing control tool, thereby produced a kind of flushing waste water, Cleaning Wastewater be discharged into waste discharge system and discard thereafter

(14) when needs, manipulation or automatic operation transfer described central water current control instrument to ready way by any processing mode in front by hand, use to described processing bucket preparation chemical solution.Mix contaminating fluid with from the chemical of chemical feed system input,

(15) when needs, forward described central water current control instrument to (handling by hand or operation automatically) Recycle design by any processing mode in front, use and make described chemical solution (containing chemical regenerant) the fully recirculation that in entire equipment, (comprises described pump, chemical feed system, central water current control instrument, pressure filter, processing bucket and tubing system), use the regeneration filtration medium and need not discharge described product liquid and/or waste water

(16) when needs, with artificial or automatically operation central water current control instrument is transferred to the precoated layer mode by any processing mode in front: the recycling processing bucket flows out body and from the described filtration medium (pre-coating material) of chemical feed system, the functionality filtration medium of using in the described filtering under pressure instrument carries out precoated layer to described barrier film

(17) in the time of needs, with artificial or automatic operation central water current control instrument is transferred to the suction mode of taking off by any processing mode of front, use and remove residuary water, make the functionality filtration medium regeneration in the compression filter utility, and produce a gaseous emission.All these has used an air emission control instrument.It contains a bucket, and at least one section fore worker, an air are input into dilution instrument in device, the mound, a Fen, a mist eliminator, adsorber, several valve and a pipeline, and

(18) with artificial or control automatically, with described central water current control instrument from the precoated layer mode or take off the suction mode and be transferred to cleaning way (step 10) is used cleaning, and (step 11) is used normal filter operation and produced product liquid then to be transferred to the filteration mode.

2, a kind of filter apparatus for filtering liquid contains:

(1) one includes the tubing system of being made up of an influent pipe, effluent vent pipe, a waste discharge system and several processing pipe completely,

(2) ultraviolet leading portion processing tools that are connected with the influent pipe of described tubing system are used and are handled the contaminating fluid that enters and produce a ultraviolet leading portion treatment solution,

(3) chemical feed systems that are connected with described tubing system and a processing bucket, use the input chemical, barrier film to the filtering under pressure tool interior that contains functionality and non-functionality filtration medium carries out precoated layer, perhaps make described filtering under pressure tool interior functionality filterableness medium obtain regeneration with chemical regenerant, perhaps ultraviolet leading portion treatment solution is done chemical treatment with ozone or chlorine or flocculation agent, produce a chemical leading portion treatment solution

(4) pump tools that are connected with described chemical feed system tubing system afterwards, using provides energy that ultraviolet ray and/or leading portion treatment solution are moved in entire equipment,

(5) central water current control instruments that are connected with described pump system tubing system afterwards, it comprises the instrument in order to selection operation of equipment mode, and control is mobile by suitable direction from the effusive leading portion treatment solution of pump tool,

(6) contain filter element (barrier film) and functionality and non-functionality filtration medium with the filtering under pressure instrument that described tubing system is connected with central water current control instrument, in order to purify ultraviolet ray and/or the chemical leading portion treatment solution of stream from central water current control instrument

(7) described processing bucket is connected with central water current control instrument with described tubing system, in order to mix, to prepare or to store chemical regenerant or filter auxiliary (filtration medium that comprises described granular type) or chemical floc.Described chemical regenerant can be used to the filtration medium of regenerating; Filtration auxiliary in the pressure filter can be used to the precoat filter barrier film; Chemical floc can flocculate and purify the described ultraviolet leading portion treatment solution of handling in the bucket.Thereby described chemical leading portion treatment solution and residual waste have been produced.The described bucket of handling further also includes the instrument that is used for mixing, flocculate, consolidating a water sepn and effluent discharge residue,

(8) first effluent delivery pipes are connected with described central water current control instrument, in order to the discharging from the effusive liquid of central current control tool,

(9) the waste discharge system is connected with described central water current control instrument, in order to waste discharge or residuary water,

(10) ultraviolet back segment processing tools are connected with the described first effluent delivery pipe, in order to handling carry out back segment from the effusive liquid of described central water current control instrument, and produce a kind of product liquid,

(11) second effluent delivery pipes are connected with described ultraviolet back segment processing tool with discharging product liquid,

(12) the processing pipe of described tubing system and influent pipe, described ultraviolet leading portion processing tool, chemical feed system, pump tool, central water current control instrument, filtering under pressure instrument, handle bucket, ultraviolet back segment processing tool, first effluent delivery pipe, second effluent delivery pipe, waste discharge system, reach air emission control instrument and be connected, described tubing system also is equiped with some velocimeters, pressure instrument and safety valve, and

(13) described air emission control instrument is connected with the waste discharge system, and application of compressed air, purifies from pressure filter taking off the gaseous effluent that the suction step gives off.Described air emission tool and then also include dilution instrument in a bucket, at least one fore worker, an air conveyor, the mound, a Fen, a mist eliminator, adsorber, several valve and a pipeline.

3, the equipment that is proposed according to claim 2, described central water current control tool kit contain a wide-mouth flow to switch that thing mouth, controlling flow flow into from the filtering under pressure instrument to the switch of filtering under pressure instrument, control, controlling flow to the gate out switch of first effluent delivery pipe, controlling flow to the switch of handling bucket, and controlling flow to the gate out switch of waste discharge system, and can be manually or automatically control needed processing operating method.

4, the method that is proposed according to claim 1, described filtering under pressure instrument is a complete closed, and having an instrument, to be used for handling described filtering under pressure instrument be that cross-flow filter (contains or do not contain rotating fluid; Contain or do not contain flexible single thread sleeve pipe; Dirty, upper reaches or advection; Possess or do not possess precoated layer), perhaps be a conventional filtration device (upper reaches or dirty).

5, the equipment that is proposed according to patent claim 2, described pressure filter is a complete closed, and the instrument that is provided with can the fill pressure strainer.It is loaded thing and comprises: disposable filter cartridge, disconnectable strainer bag, standard package strainer, strainer bag, competent filter membrane, the single thread of elasticity sleeve, filtration medium, the instrument that is used for receiving and providing liquid, the discharging instrument that takes off suction instrument, concentrated solution or its various combinations easily.

6, the equipment that is proposed according to patent claim 2, described filtering diaphragm is by Porous Stainless Steel, soft steel, galvinized steel, alloy, porcelain, glass, glass fibre or plastics (polyethylene, nylon, carbon back polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene) medium, or its various combinations.

7, the equipment that is proposed according to patent claim 2, functionality that the present invention is used and non-functionality filtration medium are to be selected from a following class material:

The oxide compound of granulated metal medium, manganese, diatomite, ordinary granular gac, antibacterial filtration medium (silver soaks granular carbon or iodinated resin, granulated active alumina, ion exchange resin (Zeo-karb or anionite-exchange resin), greensand, in and sand, silica sand, coal, polymeric adsorbant, reticulated foam, cloth shape gac, coalescing filtration medium and various combination thereof.

8, the granular filtering medium in the equipment that is proposed according to patent claim 2, described pressure filter is made precoated layer on the surface of filtering diaphragm.Precoated layer is Jie's section of coating more than one deck, and thick medium is painted on skin.

9, the equipment that is proposed according to patent claim 2, described chemical are a kind of chemical regenerant (potassium permanganate, sodium-chlor, sodium iodide), a kind of acid, a kind of alkali, a kind of sterilant (ozone, hypochlorite, chlorine), a kind of filtration auxiliary, a kind of pre-coating film chemical (Tai-Ace S 150, aluminum chloride, ferric sulfate, iron(ic) chloride, polymerize aluminum chloride, poly-ferric chloride, sodium aluminate, calcium hydroxide, calcium oxide, polyelectrolyte) or its various combinations.

10, the method that is proposed according to patent claim 1, described processing bucket can be regarded a kind of sequence precipitating action device, a kind of sequence batch flotation effect device, a kind of continuous flocculation one clear device of precipitation or the heavy clear device of a kind of continuous flocculation one flotation in batches as in operation.

11, the equipment that is proposed according to patent claim 2, described processing bucket can be seen a kind of sequence precipitating action device, a kind of sequence batch flotation effect device, a kind of continuous flocculation one clear device of precipitation or the heavy clear device of a kind of continuous flocculation one flotation in batches as in operation.

12, a kind of gas filtration equipment of air emission control instrument, it is composed as follows:

(a 1) inlet tube and a pneumatic outlet are used the air that will pollute and are imported this equipment,

(2) buckets that are connected with described inlet tube.At the bottom of it has one, abutment wall and a top, as the outer wall of this equipment,

(3) severally accumulate the valve that liquid is used in this equipment in order to discharge,

(4) section fore worker instruments in order to the air of preliminary described pollution, are handled gas thereby produce one section fore worker; This section fore worker tool kit contains a coalescence filtration sieve, a glass fibre filter sieve, a cloth shape filter sieve or its various combinations,

(5) gas transport devices that are connected with described bucket are used for carrying described section fore worker to handle gas,

Gas dilution instrument in (6) air valves that are connected with this gas transport device and the mound, a Fen is used for handling gas towards rare described section fore worker, thereby produces a diluent air, so that be discharged in the ambient air,

(7) gas sampling points that are connected with described gas transport device are handled gas in order to collection analysis section fore worker,

(8) mist eliminators that are connected with described gas transport device are handled moisture in the gas in order to remove described section fore worker,

(9) adsorbers that are connected with described mist eliminator in order to volatility and the radiativity pollutent in the described section fore worker processing gas, thereby produce an adsorber effluent.Described mist eliminator includes an absorption bucket, a gas inlet, pneumatic outlet, absorption agent (pure granular carbon, pure cloth shape gac, ion exchange resin, polymeric adsorbant, alkaline purification gac, alumina treatment gac, alkaline purification polymeric adsorbant, alumina treatment polymeric adsorbant, reticulated foam, glass fibre sieve, cloth shape gac sieve, coalescence filtration sieve or its various combinations), some valves and a pipe, and

(10) described pneumatic outlet is connected with resorber, in the atmosphere around the resorber effluent is discharged into.

13, a kind of filter apparatus for filtering liquid of usefulness in the family includes:

(1) complete tubing system of forming by an influent pipe, several outer effluent delivery pipe and several processing pipe; Described influent pipe imports this equipment with contaminating fluid,

(2) stand-by pump instruments are connected with described tubing system, carry liquid to connect entire equipment in order to energy to be provided.It is not high enough when carrying described liquid to pass through entire equipment that this stand-by pump is used for hydraulic pressure in the described influent pipe,

(3) ultraviolet leading portion processing tools that are connected with described tubing system, the contaminating fluid that enters in order to processing, and produce a ultraviolet leading portion treatment solution,

(4) has a filtering under pressure instrument that is connected with ultraviolet leading portion processing tool with described tubing system at least.It contains filter membrane and functionality and non-functionality filtration medium (or does not need the disposal type of back scrubbing and manipulation of regeneration, or need change or the persistent form of the outer manipulation of regeneration of equipment.Comprise granular carbon, ion exchange resin, polymeric adsorbant, membrane filtration medium, porous activated carbon, cloth shape gac, glass fiber filter media or its combination), in order to purify ultraviolet leading portion treatment solution from ultraviolet leading portion processing tool

(5) one be connected with described filtering under pressure instrument first flow out the body delivery pipes, in order to discharging from the effusive liquid of filtering under pressure instrument,

(6) ultraviolet back segment processing tools that are connected with the described first outflow body delivery pipe are handled carry out back segment from the effusive liquid of described filtering under pressure instrument, produce a product liquid,

(7) second outflow body delivery pipes that are connected with described ultraviolet back segment processing tool, in order to discharging product liquid, and

(8) the processing pipe in the described tubing system is connected with influent pipe, described ultraviolet leading portion processing tool, pump tool, filtering under pressure instrument, ultraviolet back segment processing tool, the first outflow body delivery pipe, the second outflow body delivery pipe, pressure instrument, safety valve.

14, a kind of filter apparatus for filtering liquid that is used for small-business and industry includes:

(1) complete tubing system of forming by an influent pipe, several effluent vent pipe, a waste discharge system and several processing pipe.Described influent pipe is managed the processing that contaminating fluid imports this equipment,

(2) have a pump tool at least, be connected, carry liquid to connect entire equipment so that energy to be provided with described tubing system,

(3) chemical feed systems (chemical charging instrument) that are connected with the processing bucket with described tubing system are passed to chemical in the described liquid of handling in bucket and the tubing system,

(4) described processing bucket is connected with described tubing system and chemical feed system.Handle the described chemical of in-drum mixing, flocculating and clarify described liquid, and solid is being separated from liquid, thereby producing chemical leading portion treatment solution and residual waste,

(5) have a filtering under pressure instrument at least, be connected with ultraviolet leading portion processing tool with described tubing system.It contains the filtration medium of filter membrane and functionality and non-functionality simultaneously (perhaps for not needing the arrangement type of back scrubbing and manipulation of regeneration, perhaps for changeing the persistent form of manipulation of regeneration outside the equipment of work.Include granular carbon, ion exchange resin, polymeric adsorbant, membrane filtration medium, porous activated carbon, cloth shape gac, glass fiber filter media or its various combinations), in order to purify from the effusive chemical leading portion treatment solution of described processing bucket

(6) one be connected with described filtering under pressure instrument first flow out the body delivery pipes, in order to discharging from the effusive liquid of filtering under pressure instrument,

(7) ultraviolet back segment processing tools that are connected with the described first outflow body delivery pipe are handled carry out back segment from the effusive liquid of described filtering under pressure instrument, produce a product liquid,

(8) second outflow body delivery pipes that are connected with described ultraviolet back segment processing tool, in order to discharging product liquid,

(9) the processing pipe in the described tubing system is connected with influent pipe, described ultraviolet leading portion processing tool, chemical feed system, pump tool, filtering under pressure instrument, processing bucket, ultraviolet back segment processing tool, the first outflow body delivery pipe, the second outflow body delivery pipe, pressure, safety valve, and

(10) be used for the instrument of discharging from described processings barrel effusive residual waste.

15, according to patent claim 2 described equipment, this air discharging instrument is an idle, perhaps is not connected with other instruments.

16,, be interruption and removable at the described instrument of handling in the bucket as mixing effect, throwing out, a solid water sepn effect and residual waste eliminating effect according to patent claim 2 described equipment.

17, according to patent claim 2 described equipment, described filtering under pressure instrument, or a single filtering bodies, or more than one yuan of filtering bodies, and have a filter membrane at least.

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