CN109053152B - Diatomite ceramic flowerpot and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Diatomite ceramic flowerpot and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109053152B CN109053152B CN201810993854.2A CN201810993854A CN109053152B CN 109053152 B CN109053152 B CN 109053152B CN 201810993854 A CN201810993854 A CN 201810993854A CN 109053152 B CN109053152 B CN 109053152B
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920003063 hydroxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229940031574 hydroxymethyl cellulose Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052572 stoneware Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
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- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/16—Lean materials, e.g. grog, quartz
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
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- C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
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- C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
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Abstract
The invention discloses a diatomite ceramic flowerpot which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of diatomite-based particles, 5-10 parts of feldspar, 5-10 parts of talc, 5-15 parts of dolomite, 5-15 parts of bentonite, 2-10 parts of ceramic pigment, 0.1-5 parts of hydroxymethyl cellulose and 70-130 parts of water. Meanwhile, the invention also discloses a preparation method of the diatomite ceramic flowerpot. The porous ceramic microspheres with similar particle sizes are prepared by adopting the diatomite, the porous ceramic flowerpot with high air permeability and high water absorption is prepared by adopting the preparation method of adding a proper amount of low-temperature binder into the microspheres serving as a main raw material, and the porosity of the prepared flowerpot can reach more than 60 percent and the water absorption rate is more than 40 percent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of ceramics, and particularly relates to a diatomite ceramic flowerpot and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The purple sand is a ceramic product between pottery and porcelain, and is characterized by compact structure, nearly vitrified property, high strength, fine particles, shell-shaped or stone-shaped fracture, but no translucency of porcelain body. The Yixing purple sand device has the characteristic, and has small granular changes in the smooth surface of the device, thereby showing a sandy effect. Besides the purple stoneware teapot, the purple stoneware ceramic flowerpot is also popular among the Tibetan households for its use and ornamental value. The purple sand pottery flowerpot is made of purple sand mud in an imitated mode, and has the height and the size, a high pot can be planted with cliff-type flowers and trees, a shallow pot is used for arranging water stones and stump bonsais, and the best in each other is achieved. The purple sand ceramic flowerpot has the advantages of ideal moisture absorption and drainage performance, and because the purple sand flowerpot is not glazed on the surface and the inside, has less knots, strong strength and slight water absorption, the purple sand flowerpot has slow drainage property, is suitable for the growth of flowers and trees, is matched with potted flowers, is pleasant in poetry, and has practicability and ornamental performance. However, as the scale of the traditional purple sand ceramic flowerpot industry in China is increasingly huge, the pressure on the environment is increasingly greater. In the traditional purple sand ceramic flowerpot, a large amount of ceramic raw materials such as purple sand and the like are consumed in the manufacturing process, and the waste is decomposed in nature and needs a long time, so that the environment is seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide a diatomite ceramic flowerpot aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the diatomite ceramic flowerpot.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the above object, the present invention is specifically realized as follows: the diatomite ceramic flowerpot comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of diatomite-based particles, 5-10 parts of feldspar, 5-10 parts of talc, 5-15 parts of dolomite, 5-15 parts of bentonite, 2-10 parts of ceramic pigment, 0.1-5 parts of hydroxymethyl cellulose and 70-130 parts of water.
Wherein the diatomite-based particles comprise the following components in parts by weight: 20-80 parts of diatomite, 20-80 parts of talcum, 0.3-5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 100-150 parts of water; the preparation method of the diatomite-based particles comprises the following steps: adding the ingredients according to the formula amount into a ball mill, ball-milling for 12-48 h, sieving with a 80-100 mesh sieve, preparing into spherical small particles by a centrifugal spray granulation mode, controlling the particle sizes to be 10-50 mu m respectively, then placing into a kiln, firing for 5-12 h, and controlling the firing temperature to be 1250-1300 ℃.
The method for preparing the diatomite ceramic flowerpot comprises the following steps:
(1) ball-milling the raw materials except the diatomite-based particles for 24-48 h according to the formula ratio of 1: 1.5-2;
(2) pouring the ball-milled slurry into a stirrer, adding the prepared diatomite-based particles, and stirring for 3-12 hours;
(3) and then slip casting is adopted, drying and then sintering are carried out, the sintering temperature is 1000-1250 ℃, and the sintering time is 12-20 h.
The slip casting is characterized in that slurry is introduced into a gypsum model, the thickness of a blank is controlled to be 4-8 mm, and the blank is placed in an oven at the temperature of 40-60 ℃ for 6-8 hours and then is demoulded; and drying in an oven at 60-80 ℃ for 6-8 h.
After the step (2) is finished, 60-80% of water in the slurry can be filtered out by a filter press, the slurry is placed into a vacuum pug mill to be refined into pug, the pug is placed into a model and is subjected to roll forming, the pug is placed in a 40-60 ℃ drying oven for 3-8 hours, then demoulding is carried out, and the pug is dried in the 60-80 ℃ drying oven for 6-8 hours and then is sintered.
The principle of the invention is that the raw materials with high air permeability are adopted, and a unique firing formula is combined, so that the purposes of firing the flowerpot with high air permeability and high water absorption rate are achieved. In the aspect of main raw material selection, diatomite with large pore volume is selected as a main raw material, and the absorption rate is 2-4 times of the self weight; in the preparation process, a certain amount of water is added into the formula, so that the moisture is volatilized at about 100 ℃ in the firing process, partial air holes are formed in the green body, but along with the increase of the temperature, some raw materials such as feldspar, dolomite, talc, bentonite and the like are in a molten state at 980-1000 ℃, a mixed liquid phase is further formed, the air holes caused by the volatilization of the moisture among the mixed liquid phase are eliminated, and therefore, the ceramic fibers are added, the ceramic fibers are heated and volatilized at the temperature section, new air holes are formed, and the porosity of the whole green body is maintained in a higher range.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) according to the invention, porous ceramic microspheres with similar particle sizes are prepared by adopting diatomite, the porous ceramic flowerpot with high air permeability and high water absorption is prepared by adopting the preparation method that the microspheres are used as main raw materials and adding a proper amount of low-temperature binder, the porosity of the prepared flowerpot can reach more than 60%, and the water absorption rate is more than 40%;
(2) the high porosity of the invention ensures that the material has good air permeability, is very beneficial to the decomposition of nutrients in the pot and is beneficial to the growth and survival of plants;
(3) the flowerpot has high water absorption rate, so that the flowerpot becomes a functional water storage device, when the soil contains much water, the flowerpot absorbs the water from the soil, and the root rot of plants caused by the over-wet soil is prevented; when the water content in the soil is low, the flowerpot releases water into the soil to prevent the plant from withering;
(4) the water-permeable flowerpot has good water permeability, so that water can be added into the tray of the flowerpot, the water is conveyed into soil by utilizing the capillary force of the holes in the flowerpot, the water in the soil is controlled by controlling the water level in the tray, and the operation is easy;
(5) the size of the ceramic flowerpot is the same as that of the traditional ceramic flowerpot, and the mineral consumption of the ceramic flowerpot is only one third of that of the traditional ceramic flowerpot;
(6) after the flowerpot is abandoned, the activity of the flowerpot is higher due to high porosity, the flowerpot is more easily weathered and decomposed under the influence of the environment, and the ageing of partial components in a green body can be accelerated due to the existence of diatomite, talc, calcium oxide and the like in the formula, so that the green body is pulverized, and the flowerpot is more easily weathered and degraded after being abandoned.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
the diatomite ceramic flowerpot comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60 parts of diatomite-based particles, 5 parts of feldspar, 5 parts of talc, 5 parts of dolomite, 5 parts of bentonite, 2 parts of ceramic pigment, 0.1 part of hydroxymethyl cellulose and 70 parts of water; the preparation method of the diatomite-based particles comprises the steps of adding 20 parts of diatomite, 20 parts of talc, 0.3 part of polyvinyl alcohol and 100 parts of water into a ball mill, ball-milling for 12-48 hours, sieving with a 80-100-mesh sieve, preparing spherical small particles in a centrifugal spray granulation mode, controlling the particle sizes to be 10-50 mu m respectively, then placing the particles into a kiln, firing for 5-12 hours, and controlling the firing temperature to be 1250-1300 ℃.
Example 2:
the diatomite ceramic flowerpot comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80 parts of diatomite-based particles, 10 parts of feldspar, 10 parts of talc, 15 parts of dolomite, 15 parts of bentonite, 10 parts of ceramic pigment, 5 parts of hydroxymethyl cellulose and 130 parts of water; the preparation method of the diatomite-based particles comprises the steps of adding 80 parts of diatomite, 80 parts of talc, 5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 150 parts of water into a ball mill, ball-milling for 12-48 hours, sieving with an 80-100-mesh sieve, preparing spherical small particles in a centrifugal spray granulation mode, controlling the particle sizes to be 10-50 mu m respectively, then placing the particles into a kiln, firing for 5-12 hours, and controlling the firing temperature to be 1250-1300 ℃.
Example 3:
the diatomite ceramic flowerpot comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70 parts of diatomite-based particles, 8 parts of feldspar, 7 parts of talc, 10 parts of dolomite, 10 parts of bentonite, 6 parts of ceramic pigment, 3 parts of hydroxymethyl cellulose and 100 parts of water; the preparation method of the diatomite-based particles comprises the steps of adding 50 parts of diatomite, 50 parts of talcum, 3 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 130 parts of water into a ball mill, ball-milling for 12-48 hours, sieving with a 80-100-mesh sieve, preparing spherical small particles in a centrifugal spray granulation mode, controlling the particle sizes to be 10-50 mu m respectively, then placing the particles into a kiln, firing for 5-12 hours, and controlling the firing temperature to be 1250-1300 ℃.
Example 4:
the diatomite ceramic flowerpot comprises the following components in parts by weight: 65 parts of diatomite-based particles, 6 parts of feldspar, 6 parts of talc, 8 parts of dolomite, 7 parts of bentonite, 4 parts of ceramic pigment, 1 part of hydroxymethyl cellulose and 90 parts of water; the preparation method of the diatomite-based particles comprises the steps of adding 30 parts of diatomite, 40 parts of talcum, 1 part of polyvinyl alcohol and 110 parts of water into a ball mill, ball-milling for 12-48 hours, sieving with a 80-100-mesh sieve, preparing spherical small particles in a centrifugal spray granulation mode, controlling the particle sizes to be 10-50 mu m respectively, then placing the particles into a kiln, firing for 5-12 hours, and controlling the firing temperature to be 1250-1300 ℃.
Example 5:
the diatomite ceramic flowerpot comprises the following components in parts by weight: 75 parts of diatomite-based particles, 8 parts of feldspar, 9 parts of talc, 12 parts of dolomite, 13 parts of bentonite, 9 parts of ceramic pigment, 4 parts of hydroxymethyl cellulose and 110 parts of water; 70 parts of diatomite, 75 parts of talc, 4 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 145 parts of water are added into a ball mill to be ball-milled for 12-48 hours, the ball-milled materials are sieved by a sieve of 80-100 meshes, and then are made into spherical small particles in a centrifugal spray granulation mode, the particle sizes are respectively controlled to be 10-50 mu m, and then the particles are placed into a kiln to be fired, the firing period is 5-12 hours, and the firing temperature is controlled to be 1250-1300 ℃.
Example 6:
the method for preparing the diatomite ceramic flowerpot comprises the following steps: ball-milling the raw materials except the diatomite-based particles for 24-48 h according to the formula ratio of 1: 1.5-2; pouring the ball-milled slurry into a stirrer, adding the prepared diatomite-based particles, and stirring for 3-12 hours; then slip casting is adopted, drying and then sintering are carried out, the sintering temperature is 1000-1250 ℃, and the sintering time is 12-20 h; the slip casting is adopted, namely, slurry is guided into a gypsum model, the thickness of a blank is controlled to be 4-8 mm, and the blank is placed in an oven at the temperature of 40-60 ℃ for 6-8 hours and then is demoulded; and drying in an oven at 60-80 ℃ for 6-8 h.
Example 7:
the method for preparing the diatomite ceramic flowerpot comprises the following steps: ball-milling the raw materials except the diatomite-based particles for 24-48 h according to the formula ratio of 1: 1.5-2; pouring the ball-milled slurry into a stirrer, adding the prepared diatomite-based particles, and stirring for 3-12 hours; filtering the slurry by using a filter press to remove 60-80% of water, then putting the slurry into a vacuum pug mill to be refined into pug, then putting the pug into a model, after roll forming, putting the pug into a 40-60 ℃ oven for 3-8 h, demoulding, drying the pug in the 60-80 ℃ oven for 6-8h, and firing at the firing temperature of 1000-1250 ℃ for 12-20 h.
Claims (4)
1. The diatomite ceramic flowerpot is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of diatomite-based particles, 5-10 parts of feldspar, 5-10 parts of talc, 5-15 parts of dolomite, 5-15 parts of bentonite, 2-10 parts of ceramic pigment, 0.1-5 parts of hydroxymethyl cellulose and 70-130 parts of water; the diatomite-based particles comprise the following components in parts by weight: 20-80 parts of diatomite, 20-80 parts of talcum, 0.3-5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 100-150 parts of water; the preparation method of the diatomite-based particles comprises the following steps: adding the ingredients according to the formula amount into a ball mill, ball-milling for 12-48 h, sieving with a 80-100 mesh sieve, preparing into spherical small particles in a centrifugal spray granulation mode, controlling the particle sizes to be 10-50 mu m respectively, then placing the particles into a kiln, firing for 5-12 h, and controlling the firing temperature to be 1250-1300 ℃; the preparation steps of the diatomite ceramic flowerpot are as follows: (1) ball-milling the raw materials except the diatomite-based particles for 24-48 h according to the formula ratio of 1: 1.5-2; (2) pouring the ball-milled slurry into a stirrer, adding the prepared diatomite-based particles, and stirring for 3-12 hours; (3) and then slip casting is adopted, drying and then sintering are carried out, the sintering temperature is 1000-1250 ℃, and the sintering time is 12-20 h.
2. A method of preparing the diatomite ceramic flowerpot according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) ball-milling the raw materials except the diatomite-based particles for 24-48 h according to the formula ratio of 1: 1.5-2;
(2) pouring the ball-milled slurry into a stirrer, adding the prepared diatomite-based particles, and stirring for 3-12 hours;
(3) and then slip casting is adopted, drying and then sintering are carried out, the sintering temperature is 1000-1250 ℃, and the sintering time is 12-20 h.
3. The method for preparing the diatomite ceramic flowerpot according to claim 2, wherein the slip casting is adopted, namely, slurry is introduced into a gypsum model, the thickness of a blank body is controlled to be 4-8 mm, and the blank body is placed in an oven at the temperature of 40-60 ℃ for 6-8 hours and then is demoulded; and drying in an oven at 60-80 ℃ for 6-8 h.
4. The method for preparing the diatomite ceramic flowerpot according to claim 2, wherein after the step (2) is finished, the slurry is filtered by a filter press to remove 60-80% of water, then the slurry is placed into a vacuum pug mill to be refined into mud, the mud is placed into a mold, after the rolling forming, the mold is removed after the slurry is placed in an oven at the temperature of 40-60 ℃ for 3-8 hours, and then the slurry is dried in the oven at the temperature of 60-80 ℃ for 6-8 hours.
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