CN109053081B - Preparation method of heat-insulating waterproof root-resistant multifunctional concrete - Google Patents
Preparation method of heat-insulating waterproof root-resistant multifunctional concrete Download PDFInfo
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- CN109053081B CN109053081B CN201811068707.0A CN201811068707A CN109053081B CN 109053081 B CN109053081 B CN 109053081B CN 201811068707 A CN201811068707 A CN 201811068707A CN 109053081 B CN109053081 B CN 109053081B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/10—Coating or impregnating
- C04B20/1055—Coating or impregnating with inorganic materials
- C04B20/1062—Metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of heat-insulating waterproof root-resistant multifunctional concrete, which solves the problem that the function of the existing waterproof root-resistant concrete needs to be further improved, and comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-35 parts of nano-copper-packaged heat storage capsule, 400 parts of cement 300-; the method comprises the following steps: the cement, the sand, the broken stone, the water reducing agent, the expanding agent, the water and the fiber are stirred uniformly, and then the nano-copper heat storage capsule is added and stirred uniformly to obtain the heat-preservation waterproof root-resistant multifunctional concrete. The concrete provided by the invention has the advantages of simple process, low cost and short construction period, and the prepared concrete can effectively reduce the energy consumption of buildings and has the functions of cracking resistance, water resistance and root resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of heat-insulating waterproof root-resistant multifunctional concrete.
Background
With the acceleration of economic development and urbanization process, the atmospheric pollution is more serious, and the building energy consumption is high. The green roof has great potential in solving the aspects of environmental pollution and building energy consumption. At present, the biggest problem of a green roof is the waterproof performance of a rigid roof, the aging performance of a flexible root-blocking layer is poor, organic root-blocking components and oil in a waterproof material are very easy to volatilize, the waterproof root-blocking effect is poor, the rigid roof does not have the root-blocking effect, and the service performance of the rigid roof is severely limited, in order to solve the technical problems, the patent with the publication number of CN105418008A discloses root-blocking waterproof concrete and a green roof structure using the concrete, wherein the former roof structure is reduced from 10 former layers to 6 former layers, namely a structural layer, an insulating layer, a protective layer, a drainage layer, a filter layer and a planting layer, the root-blocking waterproof concrete comprises 12-26% by weight of cement, 23.0-25.0% by weight of sand, 4.0-5.0% by weight of water, 42.0-48.0% by weight of broken stone, 0.034-0.039% by weight of a water reducing agent and 0.085-0.104% by weight of an, 4.0-7.0% of fiber, 1.0-3.0% of hydrophobic zeolite and 0.34-0.65% of root-resisting agent. According to the scheme, the hydrophobic zeolite is added to improve the material microstructure, reduce temperature difference shrinkage and keep the volume stable; the root-resisting performance is realized by adding a root-resisting agent consisting of copper hydroxide and a chemical root-resisting agent N, N-diethyl-2- (1-naphthoxy) propionamide. The technical scheme has the following problems: (1) the heat insulation performance is not provided, and the heat insulation layer and the protective layer are still required to be arranged separately in the scheme in the existing green roof structure, so that the load bearing of the roof is further reduced and the construction period is shortened; (2) the existing heat-insulating layer usually adopts foam concrete or organic heat-insulating materials, and the materials have the characteristic of passive heat insulation, only have the heat-insulating effect, have poor mechanical property and poor waterproof property, do not have heat storage performance after long-term service, and cannot play a role in reducing the energy consumption of buildings. (3) Although the protective layer adopts the two-component root-resisting agent, the hydrophobic zeolite has poor interface bonding performance with a cement matrix, so that the porosity in concrete is high, and the root-resisting effect is influenced.
Therefore, the rigid root-resistant waterproof concrete is urgently needed to be developed for green planted roofs.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems and provides a preparation method of heat-preservation waterproof root-resistant multifunctional concrete which is simple in process, low in cost, short in construction period, capable of effectively reducing energy consumption of buildings and has the functions of cracking resistance, water resistance and root resistance.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: the raw materials are calculated according to the following parts by weight: 20-35 parts of nano-copper-packaged heat storage capsule, 400 parts of cement 300-; the method comprises the following steps: the heat-preservation waterproof root-resistant multifunctional concrete is prepared by adding water into cement, sand, broken stone, a water reducing agent, an expanding agent and fibers, uniformly stirring, then adding nano-copper heat storage capsules, and uniformly stirring.
The preparation method of the nano-copper-packaged heat storage capsule comprises the following steps:
step one, mixing sodium hexadecyl sulfate, capric acid, stearic acid and deionized water according to the weight ratio of (0.5-1) to (1.7) to (0.3) to (20-30), and then carrying out magnetic heating and stirring to prepare an oil phase;
step two, mixing sodium silicate and water according to the weight ratio of 1:5 to prepare a water phase;
thirdly, dropwise adding the water phase into the oil phase, and uniformly stirring, wherein the weight ratio of water to oil is 1:1-1:2, so as to prepare a heat storage microcapsule solution;
fourthly, dissolving the solid obtained after the heat storage microcapsule solution is centrifuged at a high speed into copper sol to obtain a copper sol coated heat storage capsule, wherein the coating thickness of the copper sol is 10 nm; then the solid obtained by high-speed centrifugation is dried to prepare the heat storage capsule with the particle size of 100-200 nano copper encapsulation.
In the first step, the heating and stirring temperature is 70-80 DEG C
And in the second step, adding ammonia water into the water phase to adjust the pH value to 11-13.
In the third step, the water phase is dripped into the oil phase at the speed of 10ml/min, and the stirring time is 7-9 hours.
The water reducing agent is a mixture of a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, tetramethylammonium chloride and a naphthalene water reducing agent according to a ratio of 50:2: 1.
The cement is portland cement PI52.5 cement, the sand is 3.0-3.2 middle area sand, and the broken stone is 5-16mm broken stone.
The expanding agent is a mixture of azodicarbonamide and magnesium oxide, and the mixing ratio is 1: 5.
The fiber is at least one of steel fiber, aramid fiber, polypropylene fiber, glass fiber, basalt fiber and carbon fiber.
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the inventor carries out functional improvement on the existing concrete, and the functional improvement comprises the following steps:
the copper-coated heat storage capsule is added into the components, and has the following effects: (1) the heat-insulating material is mixed into concrete to replace a common heat-insulating material to realize heat insulation of a building structure, and the heat-insulating material has the heat storage characteristics of heat absorption at high temperature and heat release at low temperature of the environment, so that the energy consumption of the building can be further reduced, the heat-insulating layer and the protective layer which are required to be independently arranged in the original roof structure can be combined into a whole after being added into the concrete components, and a layer of structure can have multiple functions of water resistance, root resistance, crack resistance, heat insulation and the like during construction, thereby reducing the construction difficulty and lightening the bearing of a green roof; (2) the copper-coated heat storage capsule is different from a common heat storage capsule, the surface of the heat storage microcapsule is coated by copper sol, and on one hand, chemical root resistance is performed through copper elements, so that the puncture of a plant root system on a tissue planting roof can be realized. On the other hand, the inventor selects copper sol for coating, the copper sol has strong lubricating effect, the prepared concrete has good workability, and the porosity generated in the concrete molding process is greatly reduced, so that the waterproof root-resistant effect of the concrete is further improved. (3) The concrete is applied to green roofs, plant root systems are developed, heat storage capsules are easy to damage, chemical substances in the capsules flow out, copper sol is adopted for coating, the shells are firmer and not easy to be pierced by the plant root systems, the service life of the concrete is further prolonged, the coating thickness of the copper sol is preferably 10nm, cost is increased when the copper sol is too thick, hydration of a cement matrix is influenced, and the copper sol is peeled off due to mechanical force when the copper sol is too thin, so that the root blocking effect is lost. (4) The particle size of the nano-copper-packaged heat storage capsule is controlled to be 100-200 nm, so that the strength of a cement matrix is influenced when the particle size is too large, and the water requirement of the matrix is increased when the particle size is too small, so that the compactness is reduced; the addition amount of the nano copper-packaged heat storage capsule is controlled to be 20-35 parts, so that the mechanical property and the working property of concrete are influenced if the addition amount is too large, and the heat storage and heat preservation effects are influenced if the addition amount is too small.
The fiber is added, the micro cracks are extremely easily generated in the concrete under the action of stress, the fiber can increase the energy consumed by the cracks through the circuitous degree of crack growth, so that the cracks are reduced, the waterproof performance of the concrete can be improved in a green planting roof, and the barrier force in the process of plant root system puncture is increased.
The components are added with the expanding agent, so that the generation of cracks can be inhibited at the beginning of the hydration, setting and hardening of the concrete and after the concrete is hardened. Among them, azodicarbonamide has an effect of suppressing the occurrence of cracks due to volume shrinkage at the beginning of the hardening of concrete, and the magnesium oxide expanding agent has an effect of compensating for the volume shrinkage after the hardening of concrete, and has an effect of suppressing the occurrence of cracks during the service life of concrete. The later-stage expanding agent has more obvious effect, so that the mixing weight ratio of the azodicarbonamide to the magnesium oxide is preferably 1:5, too much azodicarbonamide can generate larger expansion to influence the volume stability of concrete, and too little azodicarbonamide can generate shrinkage cracks due to poor expansion effect.
The water reducing agent is a mixture of a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, tetramethylammonium chloride and a naphthalene water reducing agent according to a ratio of 50:2:1, wherein the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent plays a role in guaranteeing fluidity in the middle stage of concrete construction, a small amount of tetramethylammonium chloride is added to play a role in inserting a mud-containing substance and guaranteeing the workability of concrete in the process of passing through, a small amount of naphthalene water reducing agent plays a role in strong adsorption anchoring of sulfonic acid groups and guaranteeing the initial working performance of concrete, and the universality of the water reducing agent and the workability of the whole concrete construction process are realized under the combined action of the three.
Further, in the second step of the preparation method of the nano-copper-encapsulated heat storage capsule, ammonia water is added into the water phase to adjust the pH value to 11-13, so as to ensure the particle size and the surface morphology of the synthesized capsule, wherein the particle size is larger due to too high pH value, the surface morphology is poor due to too low pH value, and the capsule wall is easy to lose; in the third step, the water phase is dripped into the oil phase at the speed of 10ml/min to ensure the complete reaction of the precursor, and the water-oil mixing ratio is controlled to be 1:1-1:2 to ensure the core material encapsulation rate.
In the process of preparing the heat-insulating waterproof root-resistant multifunctional concrete, due to the possibility that the nano-copper-packaged heat storage capsule can break the wall due to mechanical shearing force, other raw materials are uniformly mixed, then the nano-copper-packaged heat storage capsule is added for quick and short-time stirring to avoid the problem of core material leakage, and the stirring time is preferably controlled to be 25-35 seconds after the nano-copper-packaged heat storage capsule is added.
The beneficial effects are that:
the method has the advantages of simple process, low cost, easy production, no addition of chemical root-resisting agent and environmental friendliness, the prepared concrete material can reach the same service life as a building, has multiple functions of water resistance, root resistance, heat preservation, crack prevention and building energy consumption reduction when being applied to a rigid structure layer of a green planted roof, can eliminate the original heat preservation layer and the flexible waterproof root-resisting layer, reduces the construction difficulty and shortens the construction period.
Detailed Description
Preparation of nano-copper-encapsulated heat storage capsules:
step one, mixing sodium hexadecyl sulfate, capric acid, stearic acid and deionized water according to the weight ratio of (0.5-1) to (1.7: 0.3) (20-30), and then carrying out magnetic heating and stirring at the temperature of 70-80 ℃ and the stirring speed of 600 revolutions per minute to prepare an oil phase;
mixing sodium silicate and deionized water, and adding ammonia water to adjust the pH value to 11-13 to prepare a water phase;
step three, dropwise adding the water phase into the oil phase at the speed of 10ml/min, and stirring for 7-9 hours, wherein the water-oil mixing ratio is 1:1-1:2, so as to prepare a heat storage microcapsule solution;
fourthly, dissolving a solid obtained after the heat storage microcapsule solution is centrifuged at a high speed (10000 rpm) in copper sol to obtain a copper sol coated heat storage capsule, wherein the coating thickness is 10 nm; then the solid obtained by high-speed centrifugation (10000 r/min) is dried in vacuum at 65 ℃ to prepare the heat storage capsule with the particle size of 100-200 nano copper encapsulation.
The raw material ratios of the nano-copper-packaged heat storage capsule in the examples 1 to 4 are shown in Table 1
TABLE 1 encapsulation of nanocopper
Comparative example 1 of heat storage capsule: the same capsule as in example 1 was prepared except that the surface layer was not coated with copper sol
Comparative example 2 of heat storage capsule: the same capsule as in example 1 was used except that the copper sol in example 1 was replaced by a surface-coated silica sol
Concrete examples:
stirring cement, sand, broken stone, a water reducing agent, an expanding agent, fiber and water in a stirrer for 2min according to a proportion; then pouring the nano-copper heat storage capsules into a stirrer to stir for 30s to obtain the heat-preservation waterproof root-resistant multifunctional concrete, wherein the water reducing agent is a mixture of a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, tetramethylammonium chloride and a naphthalene water reducing agent according to a ratio of 50:2: 1; the cement is portland cement PI52.5 cement, the sand is 3.0-3.2 middle area sand, and the broken stone is 5-16mm broken stone; the expanding agent is a mixture of azodicarbonamide and magnesium oxide, and the mixing ratio is 1: 5; the fiber is at least one of steel fiber, aramid fiber, polypropylene fiber, glass fiber, basalt fiber and carbon fiber. The raw materials and mass ratios used in the respective examples are shown in table 2, wherein the nano-copper-encapsulated heat storage capsules used in concrete examples 1 to 4 correspond to nano-copper-encapsulated heat storage capsules examples 1 to 4, respectively, and the nano-copper-encapsulated heat storage capsule used in concrete example 5 corresponds to nano-copper-encapsulated heat storage capsule example 1.
TABLE 2
Comparative concrete example 1
Concrete example 1 was followed except that the nano-copper heat storage capsule was replaced with the heat storage capsule of comparative example 1 (non-surface-coated heat storage capsule).
Comparative concrete example 2
The concrete is the same as that of example 1 except that the nano-copper-encapsulated heat storage capsule is replaced by a root-blocking agent consisting of copper hydroxide and a chemical root-blocking agent N, N-diethyl-2- (1-naphthoxy) propionamide.
Comparative concrete example 3
The concrete example 1 was followed except that the swelling agent consisting of a mixture of azodicarbonamide and magnesium oxide was replaced with a hydrophobic zeolite.
Comparative concrete example 4
The concrete example 1 was followed except that the nano-copper heat storage capsule was replaced with the heat storage capsule comparative example 2 (silica sol-coated heat storage capsule).
Comparative examples the results of the performance tests are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 comparative examples
Measuring the heat conductivity coefficient and the specific heat capacity of the photocatalytic heat-storage multifunctional cement mortar by adopting a protective hot plate method, and testing the compressive strength of the cement mortar for 28d according to a national standard GBT17671-1999 cement mortar strength test method; the concrete impermeability coefficient is determined according to the specification of national standard GB/T50082 test method standard for long-term performance and durability of common concrete by detecting the shrinkage of concrete according to national standard GB/T29417-2012 test method for drying shrinkage cracking performance of cement mortar and concrete;
the heat-storage waterproof root-resistant concrete effect evaluation is shown in table 3.
TABLE 3
As can be seen from Table 2, the heat-insulating waterproof root-resistant concrete prepared in examples 1 to 5 has good waterproof effect, good root penetration resistance and good thermal performance.
Claims (8)
1. The preparation method of the heat-preservation waterproof root-resistant multifunctional concrete is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-35 parts of nano-copper-packaged heat storage capsule, 400 parts of cement 300-; the method comprises the following steps: firstly, adding water into cement, sand, broken stone, a water reducing agent, an expanding agent and fiber, uniformly stirring, then adding a nano-copper heat storage capsule, and uniformly stirring to obtain the heat-insulating waterproof root-resistant multifunctional concrete;
the preparation method of the nano-copper-packaged heat storage capsule comprises the following steps:
step one, mixing sodium hexadecyl sulfate, capric acid, stearic acid and deionized water according to the weight ratio of (0.5-1) to (1.7) to (0.3) to (20-30), and then carrying out magnetic heating and stirring to prepare an oil phase;
step two, mixing sodium silicate and deionized water according to the weight ratio of 1:5 to prepare a water phase;
thirdly, dropwise adding the water phase into the oil phase, and uniformly stirring, wherein the weight ratio of water to oil is 1:1-1:2, so as to prepare a heat storage microcapsule solution;
fourthly, dissolving the solid obtained after the heat storage microcapsule solution is centrifuged at a high speed into copper sol to obtain a copper sol coated heat storage capsule, wherein the coating thickness of the copper sol is 10 nm; then the solid obtained by high-speed centrifugation is dried to prepare the heat storage capsule with the particle size of 100-200 nano copper encapsulation.
2. The preparation method of the heat-preservation waterproof root-resistant multifunctional concrete according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, the heating and stirring temperature is 70-80 ℃.
3. The method for preparing the heat-insulating waterproof root-resistant multifunctional concrete according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, ammonia water is added into the water phase to adjust the pH value to 11-13.
4. The method for preparing the heat-insulating waterproof root-resistant multifunctional concrete according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, the water phase is dripped into the oil phase at a speed of 10ml/min, and the stirring time is 7-9 hours.
5. The method for preparing the heat-preservation waterproof root-resistant multifunctional concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the water reducing agent is a mixture of a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, tetramethylammonium chloride and a naphthalene water reducing agent according to a ratio of 50:2: 1.
6. The method for preparing the heat-insulating waterproof root-resistant multifunctional concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the cement is portland cement PI52.5 cement, the sand is 3.0 to 3.2 middle area sand, and the broken stone is 5 to 16mm broken stone.
7. The method for preparing the heat-insulating waterproof root-resistant multifunctional concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the expanding agent is a mixture of azodicarbonamide and magnesium oxide, and the mixing ratio is 1: 5.
8. The method for preparing the heat-preservation waterproof root-resistant multifunctional concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the fiber is at least one of steel fiber, aramid fiber, polypropylene fiber, glass fiber, basalt fiber and carbon fiber.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105418008A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-03-23 | 湖北工业大学 | Root-resisting waterproof concrete and green roof structure |
| CN105601203A (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2016-05-25 | 湖北工业大学 | Phase change energy storage aggregate cement based composite material and preparation process thereof |
| CN108218273A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-06-29 | 湖北工业大学 | Micro-nano latent heat storage capsule suitable for cement-based material and preparation method thereof |
| CN108409208A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-08-17 | 湖北工业大学 | Add the preparation method of the low-temperature-rise mass concrete of micro-nano heat accumulation capsule |
| CN109053081A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2018-12-21 | 湖北工业大学 | The preparation method of thermal-insulating waterproof root resistance multifunctional concrete |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105418008A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-03-23 | 湖北工业大学 | Root-resisting waterproof concrete and green roof structure |
| CN105601203A (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2016-05-25 | 湖北工业大学 | Phase change energy storage aggregate cement based composite material and preparation process thereof |
| CN108218273A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-06-29 | 湖北工业大学 | Micro-nano latent heat storage capsule suitable for cement-based material and preparation method thereof |
| CN108409208A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-08-17 | 湖北工业大学 | Add the preparation method of the low-temperature-rise mass concrete of micro-nano heat accumulation capsule |
| CN109053081A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2018-12-21 | 湖北工业大学 | The preparation method of thermal-insulating waterproof root resistance multifunctional concrete |
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