CN108975795B - Foamed geopolymer and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Foamed geopolymer and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108975795B CN108975795B CN201811067286.XA CN201811067286A CN108975795B CN 108975795 B CN108975795 B CN 108975795B CN 201811067286 A CN201811067286 A CN 201811067286A CN 108975795 B CN108975795 B CN 108975795B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/006—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mineral polymers, e.g. geopolymers of the Davidovits type
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/02—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by adding chemical blowing agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
Abstract
The invention discloses a foamed geopolymer and a preparation method and application thereof. The foamed geopolymer comprises the following components: 30-50 parts of metakaolin, 40-50 parts of alkali activator, 1-4 parts of fly ash, 2-5 parts of foaming agent, 0.3-0.7 part of foam stabilizer, 0.3-0.8 part of modified sisal fiber, 1-4 parts of paraffin emulsion, 5-10 parts of water and 0.3-0.7 part of absolute ethyl alcohol. Compared with the traditional impervious waterproof cement-based material and cement-based protective material, the foamed geopolymer disclosed by the invention has the advantages of good crack resistance, excellent waterproof performance, excellent durability, capability of keeping good service performance for a long time, acid and alkali corrosion resistance, freeze-thaw resistance, carbonization resistance and the like, and can be widely applied to the field of basic engineering such as tunnel composite lining.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of geopolymer-based materials, and particularly relates to a foamed geopolymer and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The geopolymer is a polymer made of AlO4And SiO4The inorganic polymer with three-dimensional net structure formed by tetrahedral structure units belongs to non-metal material, and has application in building material, high strength material, solid core and solid waste material, sealing material, high temperature resistant material and other aspects.
The foamed geopolymer is a novel inorganic energy-saving environment-friendly material and has the advantages of fire resistance, no toxicity, heat preservation, good heat insulation performance and the like. With the vigorous development of the domestic construction industry, there is an urgent need to increase the service life of foamed polymer articles to reduce the construction and maintenance costs of the construction industry. However, the crack resistance and the waterproof performance of the current polymer materials of the foam are far from meeting the market demands, so that the service life of the polymer materials of the foam is short.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to improve the crack resistance and the waterproof performance of the foam geopolymer, so that the foam geopolymer can be widely applied to the field of basic engineering such as tunnel composite lining.
In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a foamed geopolymer comprising the following components:
30-50 parts of metakaolin, 40-50 parts of alkali activator, 1-4 parts of fly ash, 2-5 parts of foaming agent, 0.3-0.7 part of foam stabilizer, 0.3-0.8 part of modified sisal fiber, 1-4 parts of paraffin emulsion, 5-10 parts of water and 0.3-0.7 part of absolute ethyl alcohol;
the modified sisal fibers are obtained by soaking the sisal fibers in absolute ethyl alcohol.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the foamed polymer comprises the following components:
36-42 parts of metakaolin, 43-47 parts of alkali activator, 1.5-2.5 parts of fly ash, 3-4 parts of foaming agent, 0.4-0.6 part of foam stabilizer, 0.4-0.6 part of modified sisal fiber, 1.5-2.5 parts of paraffin emulsion, 7-8 parts of water and 0.4-0.6 part of absolute ethyl alcohol.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the alkali activator is sodium silicate having a modulus of 1.8 to 2.6, which is prepared from sodium silicate having a modulus of 3 to 4 and a solid content of 30 to 40 wt%.
In the present invention, the blowing agent may be a blowing agent conventionally used by those skilled in the art. As a preferable embodiment of the invention, the foaming agent is hydrogen peroxide and/or aluminum powder with the concentration of 30-50 wt%, and compared with the existing foaming agent, the foaming agent has a better foaming effect and is more uniform. When the foaming agent is hydrogen peroxide and aluminum powder with the concentration of 30-50 wt%, the weight ratio of the hydrogen peroxide and the aluminum powder with the concentration of 30-50 wt% is preferably 1: 0.8-1.2.
In the present invention, the foam stabilizer may be a foam stabilizer conventionally used by those skilled in the art. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the foam stabilizer is a mixture of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and triethanolamine, and the weight ratio of the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate to the triethanolamine is 0.25-0.5: 1. Compared with other foam stabilizers, the foam stabilizer can ensure that the particle size of the internal pore structure of the foamed geopolymer is finer and more uniform
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for preparing the modified sisal fibers comprises: soaking sisal fibers in 90-95% ethanol for 20-24 h, airing for 2-3 h, and then putting into a vacuum drying oven to dry until the mass is constant.
The modified sisal fiber tissue is softened, the surface is smooth, and the toughness is higher.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the length of the modified sisal fibers is 1-7 cm, and the modified sisal fibers with the length have the advantages of high flexibility and good ductility.
A second aspect of the present invention provides a process for the preparation of the above-mentioned foamed geopolymer, which comprises:
1) placing the paraffin emulsion and absolute ethyl alcohol into a container, and carrying out first stirring;
2) adding the fly ash, the metakaolin, the modified sisal fibers and the alkali activator, and carrying out second stirring;
3) adding water, and carrying out third stirring;
4) adding a foam stabilizer and a foaming agent, and stirring for the fourth time;
5) carrying out fifth stirring to obtain foamed geopolymer slurry;
6) pouring foamed geopolymer slurry into a mould, and curing to obtain the foamed geopolymer.
In the present invention, the rotation speed, the time of stirring and the time of curing can be adjusted by those skilled in the art according to the needs. As a preferred embodiment of the present invention,
the rotating speed of the first stirring is 50-70 r/s, and the time is 40-140 s; the rotation speed of the second stirring is 50-70 r/s, and the time is 4-8 min; the rotating speed of the third stirring is 50-70 r/s, and the time is 1-4 min; the rotating speed of the fourth stirring is 50-70 r/s, and the time is 1-4 min; the rotating speed of the fifth stirring is 110-130 r/s, and the time is 1-4 min; and the curing time is 15-40 d.
The rotating speed of the first stirring, the second stirring, the third stirring and the fourth stirring is 50-70 r/s, so that all materials can be fully mixed; the fifth stirring speed is 110-130 r/s, so that the distribution condition of the modified sisal fibers in the foamed geopolymer is adjusted, the reaction rate of the foaming agent and the geopolymer is improved by adjusting the stirring speed, and the foamed geopolymer with uniform gaps is finally formed.
The inventor finds that the stirring time has a great influence on the effect of the obtained foamed geopolymer through a large number of experiments, and as a more preferable embodiment of the invention, the first stirring time is 40-80 s, the second stirring time is 5.5-6.5 min, the third stirring time is 2.5-3.5 min, the fourth stirring time is 1.5-2.5 min, and the fifth stirring time is 2.5-3.5 min.
A third aspect of the invention provides the use of the foamed geopolymer described above for composite lining of tunnels.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the traditional impervious waterproof cement-based material and cement-based protective material, the foamed geopolymer disclosed by the invention has the advantages of good crack resistance, excellent waterproof performance, excellent durability, capability of keeping good service performance for a long time, acid and alkali corrosion resistance, freeze-thaw resistance, carbonization resistance and the like, and can be widely applied to the field of basic engineering such as tunnel composite lining.
1) The alkali activator of sodium silicate with the modulus of 1.8-2.6 is added, so that the formed composite geopolymer is more stable.
2) The foaming speed of the foaming agent adopted by the invention is higher than that of the conventional foaming agent, and the process is simpler.
3) Compared with other foam stabilizers, the foam stabilizer provided by the invention enables the particle size of the internal pore structure of the foamed geopolymer to be finer and more uniform.
4) The absolute ethyl alcohol adopted by the invention improves the interface action of the foaming geopolymer and the paraffin emulsion, and simultaneously has the effect of modifying the fiber.
5) The paraffin emulsion is added, so that the water increasing film with excellent smoothness, anti-adhesion property and water resistance is adsorbed in the intercommunicating pore, the contact angle can be increased, and the water stopping and preventing effects are better; meanwhile, the formed two-dimensional or three-dimensional reticular structure forms a support structure in the structure, so that the compressive strength of the foamed geopolymer is improved to a certain extent. Meanwhile, even though micro cracks are inevitably generated due to self shrinkage of concrete, the excellent water repellency of the paraffin emulsion can form a water repellent layer on the surfaces and the inner walls of the micro cracks and the capillary pores to inhibit the invasion of water.
6) The preparation method is simple, has little pollution to the environment and is easy to popularize.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. While the following describes preferred embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
In the embodiment of the invention, the slow speed is 50-70 r/s, and the fast speed is 110-130 r/s.
The sodium silicate is sodium silicate with a modulus of 1.8-2.6, and is prepared from sodium silicate with a modulus of 3-4 and a solid content of 30-40 wt%.
The adopted foam stabilizer is a mixture of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and triethanolamine, wherein the weight ratio of the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate to the triethanolamine is 0.25-0.5: 1.
The length of the modified sisal fibers is 1-7 cm, wherein the preparation method of the modified sisal fibers comprises the following steps: soaking sisal fibers in 90-95% ethanol for 20-24 h, airing for 2-3 h, and then putting into a vacuum drying oven to dry until the mass is constant.
Example 1:
the embodiment provides a foamed geopolymer for tunnel composite lining, which comprises the following preparation methods: pouring 2 parts by weight of paraffin emulsion and 0.5 part by weight of absolute ethyl alcohol into a stirrer, and slowly stirring for 1 min; then 39 parts by weight of metakaolin, 2 parts by weight of fly ash, 0.5 part by weight of modified sisal fiber and 45 parts by weight of sodium water glass are poured into the mixture and stirred slowly for 6 min; then adding 7 parts by weight of water, and slowly stirring for 3 min; then 0.5 weight part of foam stabilizer and 3.5 weight parts of 30% hydrogen peroxide are added, and the mixture is slowly stirred for 2 min. And rapidly stirring for 3min, pouring, vibrating, and curing for 28d under standard curing conditions to obtain the foamed geopolymer.
Example 2:
the embodiment provides a foamed geopolymer for tunnel composite lining, which comprises the following preparation methods: pouring 1.5 parts by weight of paraffin emulsion and 0.4 part by weight of absolute ethyl alcohol into a stirrer, and slowly stirring for 1 min; then 36 parts by weight of metakaolin, 1.5 parts by weight of fly ash, 0.6 part by weight of modified sisal fiber and 47 parts by weight of sodium water glass are poured into the mixture and stirred slowly for 6 min; then adding 7 parts by weight of water, and slowly stirring for 3 min; then 0.4 weight part of foam stabilizer and 4 weight parts of 30% hydrogen peroxide are added, and the mixture is stirred slowly for 2 min. And rapidly stirring for 3min, pouring, vibrating, and curing for 28d under standard curing conditions to obtain the foamed geopolymer.
Example 3:
the embodiment provides a foamed geopolymer for tunnel composite lining, which comprises the following preparation methods: pouring 1 weight part of paraffin emulsion and 0.3 weight part of absolute ethyl alcohol into a stirrer, and slowly stirring for 1 min; then 30 parts by weight of metakaolin, 1 part by weight of fly ash, 0.8 part by weight of modified sisal fiber and 50 parts by weight of sodium water glass are poured into the mixture and stirred slowly for 6 min; then adding 10 parts by weight of water, and slowly stirring for 3 min; then 0.3 part by weight of foam stabilizer and 5 parts by weight of 30% hydrogen peroxide are added, and the mixture is stirred slowly for 2 min. And rapidly stirring for 3min, pouring, vibrating, and curing for 28d under standard curing conditions to obtain the foamed geopolymer.
Example 4:
the embodiment provides a foamed geopolymer for tunnel composite lining, which comprises the following preparation methods: pouring 2 parts by weight of paraffin emulsion and 0.5 part by weight of absolute ethyl alcohol into a stirrer, and slowly stirring for 1 min; then 39 parts by weight of metakaolin, 2 parts by weight of fly ash, 0.5 part by weight of modified sisal fiber and 45 parts by weight of sodium water glass are poured into the mixture and stirred slowly for 5 min; then adding 7 parts by weight of water, and slowly stirring for 3 min; then 0.5 weight part of foam stabilizer and 3.5 weight parts of 30% hydrogen peroxide are added, and the mixture is slowly stirred for 1 min. And rapidly stirring for 2min, pouring, vibrating, and curing for 28d under standard curing conditions to obtain the foamed geopolymer.
The foamed geopolymers prepared in examples 1 to 4 were tested using the national standards "JC/T984-:
TABLE 1
Having described embodiments of the present invention, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.
Claims (8)
1. A foamed geopolymer, characterized in that it comprises the following components:
36-42 parts of metakaolin, 43-47 parts of alkali activator, 1.5-2.5 parts of fly ash, 3-4 parts of foaming agent, 0.4-0.6 part of foam stabilizer, 0.4-0.6 part of modified sisal fiber, 1.5-2.5 parts of paraffin emulsion, 7-8 parts of water and 0.4-0.6 part of absolute ethyl alcohol;
the modified sisal fibers are obtained by soaking the sisal fibers in absolute ethyl alcohol;
the preparation method of the foamed geopolymer comprises the following steps:
1) placing the paraffin emulsion and absolute ethyl alcohol into a container, and carrying out first stirring;
2) adding the fly ash, the metakaolin, the modified sisal fibers and the alkali activator, and carrying out second stirring;
3) adding water, and carrying out third stirring;
4) adding a foam stabilizer and a foaming agent, and stirring for the fourth time;
5) carrying out fifth stirring to obtain foamed geopolymer slurry;
6) pouring foamed geopolymer slurry into a mould, and curing to obtain the foamed geopolymer;
the rotating speed of the first stirring is 50-70 r/s, and the time is 40-80 s;
the rotation speed of the second stirring is 50-70 r/s, and the time is 5.5-6.5 min;
the rotating speed of the third stirring is 50-70 r/s, and the time is 2.5-3.5 min;
the fourth stirring speed is 50-70 r/s, and the time is 1.5-2.5 min;
the rotating speed of the fifth stirring is 110-130 r/s, and the time is 2.5-3.5 min.
2. The geopolymer foam of claim 1, wherein the alkali activator is sodium silicate having a modulus of 1.8-2.6, which is prepared from sodium silicate having a modulus of 3-4 and a solid content of 30-40 wt%.
3. The foamed geopolymer of claim 1, wherein the blowing agent is hydrogen peroxide and/or aluminum powder in a concentration of 30 to 50 wt%.
4. The foamed geopolymer of claim 3, wherein the foaming agent is 30-50 wt% hydrogen peroxide and aluminum powder, and the weight ratio of the 30-50 wt% hydrogen peroxide to the aluminum powder is 1: 0.8-1.2.
5. The foamed geopolymer of claim 1, wherein the foam stabilizer is a mixture of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and triethanolamine, and the weight ratio of the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate to the triethanolamine is 0.25-0.5: 1.
6. The foamed geopolymer of claim 1, wherein the modified sisal fibers are prepared by a method comprising: soaking sisal fibers in 90-95% ethanol for 20-24 h, airing for 2-3 h, and then putting into a vacuum drying oven to dry until the mass is constant.
7. Process for the preparation of the foamed geopolymer according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises:
1) placing the paraffin emulsion and absolute ethyl alcohol into a container, and carrying out first stirring;
2) adding the fly ash, the metakaolin, the modified sisal fibers and the alkali activator, and carrying out second stirring;
3) adding water, and carrying out third stirring;
4) adding a foam stabilizer and a foaming agent, and stirring for the fourth time;
5) carrying out fifth stirring to obtain foamed geopolymer slurry;
6) pouring foamed geopolymer slurry into a mould, and curing to obtain the foamed geopolymer;
the rotating speed of the first stirring is 50-70 r/s, and the time is 40-80 s;
the rotation speed of the second stirring is 50-70 r/s, and the time is 5.5-6.5 min;
the rotating speed of the third stirring is 50-70 r/s, and the time is 2.5-3.5 min;
the fourth stirring speed is 50-70 r/s, and the time is 1.5-2.5 min;
the rotating speed of the fifth stirring is 110-130 r/s, and the time is 2.5-3.5 min.
8. Use of the foamed geopolymer according to any one of claims 1 to 6 for the composite lining of tunnels.
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| CN201811067286.XA CN108975795B (en) | 2018-09-13 | 2018-09-13 | Foamed geopolymer and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN109704663B (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2022-02-11 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Method for efficiently preparing porous geopolymer by using vegetable oil |
| CN110156405B (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2021-10-01 | 长安大学 | Plateau impervious concrete material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113213833B (en) * | 2021-06-15 | 2022-04-19 | 深圳大学 | Fly ash-based foam geopolymer and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113979684B (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2023-03-31 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Preparation method of low-water-content composite phase-change geopolymer material |
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| WO2011071687A1 (en) * | 2009-12-08 | 2011-06-16 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Geopolymer precursor dry mixture, package, processes and methods |
| CN103601524A (en) * | 2013-11-01 | 2014-02-26 | 天津大学 | Fibre reinforced coal ash based geopolymer foam material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106747621A (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2017-05-31 | 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 | A kind of preparation method of waterproof, non-ignitable flyash/metakaolin base warming plate |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2011071687A1 (en) * | 2009-12-08 | 2011-06-16 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Geopolymer precursor dry mixture, package, processes and methods |
| CN103601524A (en) * | 2013-11-01 | 2014-02-26 | 天津大学 | Fibre reinforced coal ash based geopolymer foam material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106747621A (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2017-05-31 | 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 | A kind of preparation method of waterproof, non-ignitable flyash/metakaolin base warming plate |
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