CN109037824B - System for recycling waste battery materials and recycling process thereof - Google Patents
System for recycling waste battery materials and recycling process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109037824B CN109037824B CN201810900994.0A CN201810900994A CN109037824B CN 109037824 B CN109037824 B CN 109037824B CN 201810900994 A CN201810900994 A CN 201810900994A CN 109037824 B CN109037824 B CN 109037824B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
Abstract
The utility model discloses a system for recycling waste battery materials and a recycling process thereof, wherein the system comprises a bidirectional conveyor, the bidirectional conveyor respectively conveys soft and hard shell batteries to a first crusher and a second crusher, the first crusher and the second crusher are sequentially communicated with a dryer, a third crusher, a first cyclone collector and a first separator through unidirectional conveyors, and the first separator is respectively communicated with a vortex spreader and a second cyclone collector through pipelines; the vortex material distributor is sequentially communicated with a third cyclone material collector, a second separator, a fourth cyclone material collector and a third separator through pipelines; the second cyclone collector is sequentially communicated with a rotary vibration sieve, a fifth cyclone collector and a stock bin through pipelines. The system provided by the utility model can be matched with a process to screen out soft and hard shell batteries, so that the recovery rate of copper particles, aluminum particles and black powder in battery materials is improved, and waste gas generated in the recovery process of the battery materials is purified.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of waste battery recycling, and particularly relates to a system for recycling waste battery materials and a recycling process thereof.
Background
The power battery is a battery with larger electric energy capacity and output power and can be configured with electric bicycles, electric automobiles, electric equipment and tool driving power sources. With the vigorous development of new energy electric vehicles, the power battery market presents a high-speed growing situation; meanwhile, the scrapped amount of the power battery is increased, and recycling of the scrapped power battery becomes an important factor influencing the development of the power battery industry.
The domestic power battery recycling industry is still in the starting fumbling stage, and the automatic disassembly degree of the power battery is low, and the power battery is mainly disassembled by manpower. The existing waste battery recovery has the following defects: 1) the power battery is divided into a hard shell battery and a soft shell battery, which are not generally treated separately, 2) the recovery efficiency of copper particles, aluminum particles and black powder in the battery material is low, and 3) the discharged waste gas pollutes the environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a system for recycling waste battery materials and a recycling process thereof, wherein the system can screen hard shell batteries and soft shell batteries by matching with the process, so that the recycling rate of copper particles, aluminum particles and black powder in battery materials is improved, and waste gas generated in the recycling process of the battery materials is purified.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows: a system for recycling waste battery materials, which comprises a pretreatment device and a screening device;
the pretreatment device comprises conveying equipment, wherein the conveying equipment comprises a bidirectional conveyor capable of changing the conveying direction, the bidirectional conveyor conveys hard shell batteries to a first crusher and soft shell batteries to a second crusher by changing the conveying direction, the discharge end of the first crusher is communicated with a dryer through a unidirectional conveyor, and the discharge end of the second crusher is communicated with the dryer through a unidirectional conveyor;
the screening device comprises a third crusher, wherein the discharge end of the dryer is communicated with the feed end of the third crusher through a unidirectional conveyor, the discharge end of the third crusher is sequentially communicated with a first cyclone collector and a first separator through a pipeline, one discharge end of the first separator is communicated with a vortex material distributor through a pipeline, and the other discharge end of the first separator is communicated with a second cyclone material collector through a pipeline; the discharge end of the vortex distributor is sequentially communicated with a third cyclone collector, a second separator, a fourth cyclone collector and a third separator through pipelines; the discharge end of the second cyclone collector is sequentially communicated with a rotary vibration sieve, a fifth cyclone collector and a stock bin through pipelines.
Vortex spreaders have been disclosed in chinese patent application publication No. CN205392662U, and the vortex spreaders are capable of sufficiently breaking up the copper-aluminum mixture into particles so that other substances adhering to the copper-aluminum mixture can be screened out.
Preferably, in order to prevent fire when the battery is broken, the first crusher and the second crusher are disposed in the fire-proof board house.
Preferably, in order to fully crush the hard shell battery and the soft shell battery, the first crusher is a double-shaft crusher, the second crusher is a variable frequency crusher, the third crusher is a hammer crusher, and the dryer is a drum dryer.
As the improvement of above-mentioned technical scheme, the exhaust end of first breaker, second breaker and drying-machine all communicates in proper order through the pipeline has spray column, UV photolysis exhaust-gas treatment equipment and first exhaust fan, install the muffler on the pipeline that first exhaust fan connects.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the exhaust ends of the third crusher and the first cyclone collector are sequentially communicated with a sixth cyclone collector, a bag-type dust collector, an activated carbon adsorption tower and a second exhaust fan through pipelines, and a silencer is arranged on the pipeline connected with the second exhaust fan.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the exhaust ends of the second cyclone collector, the third cyclone collector, the fourth cyclone collector, the fifth cyclone collector and the third separator are all sequentially communicated with the sixth cyclone collector through pipes.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the screen mesh of the rotary vibration screen is three layers, the rotary vibration screen is provided with an upper screen end, a middle screen end and a lower screen end which correspond to the three layers of screen mesh, and the middle screen end of the rotary vibration screen is communicated with the feeding end of the vortex diffuser through a pipeline; the other discharging end of the second separator is communicated with the feeding end of the fifth cyclone collector through a pipeline.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the conveying equipment comprises a first conveyor, the bidirectional conveyor is arranged below the tail end of the first conveyor along the conveying direction, a second conveyor for conveying hard shell batteries to the first crusher is arranged below one end of the bidirectional conveyor, and a third conveyor for conveying soft shell batteries to the second crusher is arranged below the other end of the bidirectional conveyor; the discharge end of the first crusher is communicated with the feed end of the dryer through a fourth conveyor, the discharge end of the second crusher is communicated with the feed end of the dryer through a fifth conveyor, and the discharge end of the dryer is communicated with the feed end of the third crusher through a sixth conveyor.
Preferably, in order to improve the conveying efficiency of the battery material, the first, the second, the third and the fourth, the fifth and the sixth conveyors are belt conveyors, and the fourth, the fifth and the sixth conveyors are screw conveyors.
Preferably, in order to improve the recovery efficiency of the copper particles, the aluminum particles and the black powder, the internal channel of the first separator is in a Z shape, the model is ZXF-300Z, and the screening is performed according to the gravity of the mixture; the second separator is an airflow separator, and the third separator is a gravity reciprocating sieve.
More preferably, the first sorting machine further comprises a positive pressure fan and a negative pressure fan, the positive pressure fan blows the materials into the first sorting machine channel, and the negative pressure fan adjusts the negative pressure through the frequency converter, so that the effect of sorting the materials is achieved.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, a high-pressure fan is installed on a pipeline where the first cyclone collector and the sixth cyclone collector are communicated, a high-pressure fan is installed on a pipeline where the second cyclone collector and the sixth cyclone collector are communicated, a high-pressure fan is installed on a pipeline where the third cyclone collector and the sixth cyclone collector are communicated, a high-pressure fan is installed on a pipeline where the fourth cyclone collector and the sixth cyclone collector are communicated, and a high-pressure fan is installed on a pipeline where the fifth cyclone collector and the sixth cyclone collector are communicated; and the exhaust end of the high-pressure fan is communicated with the feeding end of the sixth cyclone collector.
The high pressure air will cause the first cyclone collector, the second cyclone collector, the third cyclone collector, the fourth cyclone collector and the fifth cyclone collector to form negative pressure, and the mixture will more easily enter the first cyclone collector, the second cyclone collector, the third cyclone collector, the fourth cyclone collector and the fifth cyclone collector.
In addition, the utility model also provides a recovery process of the system, which sequentially comprises the following steps:
s1) conveying hard shell batteries to a first crusher and conveying soft shell batteries to a second crusher by changing the conveying direction, conveying the hard shell batteries crushed in the first crusher to a dryer by a unidirectional conveyor, conveying the soft shell batteries crushed in the second crusher to the dryer by the unidirectional conveyor, and drying the hard shell batteries crushed or the soft shell batteries by the dryer;
s2) drying the crushed batteries, and conveying the crushed batteries to a third crusher through a unidirectional conveyor to perform crushing treatment; the crushed batteries of the third crusher sequentially enter a first cyclone collector and a first separator for screening through a pipeline, copper-aluminum mixture (containing a small amount of black powder) in the batteries enter a vortex diffuser through the pipeline, and film and black powder mixture (containing a small amount of copper-aluminum particles) in the batteries enter a second cyclone collector through the pipeline;
s3) crushing the copper-aluminum mixture by using the vortex bulk cargo, sequentially entering crushed copper-aluminum particles into a third cyclone collector and a second separator through a pipeline, and then entering the copper-aluminum particles screened by the second separator into a fourth cyclone collector through a pipeline, wherein the fourth cyclone collector screens clean copper-aluminum particles, and the clean copper-aluminum particles enter the third separator through a pipeline, and the third separator screens copper particles and aluminum particles;
s4) the film and black powder mixture screened by the second cyclone collector enters a rotary vibration screen through a pipeline, the black powder mixture screened by the rotary vibration screen enters a fifth cyclone collector through a pipeline, the black powder is screened by the fifth cyclone collector, and the black powder enters a storage bin through the pipeline for storage.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, in step S1), exhaust gas discharged from the first crusher, the second crusher and the dryer sequentially enters the spray tower, the UV photolysis exhaust gas treatment device and the first exhaust fan through pipelines for purification treatment, and is discharged into the air after silencing treatment;
in the step S2), the waste gas discharged by the first cyclone collector and the third crusher enters a sixth cyclone collector through a pipeline, black powder is screened out by the sixth cyclone collector, and the waste gas discharged by the sixth cyclone collector sequentially enters a bag-type dust collector, an activated carbon adsorption tower and a second exhaust fan through a pipeline for purification treatment, and is discharged into the air after silencing treatment;
in the steps S2) to S4), the exhaust gas discharged from the second cyclone collector, the third cyclone collector, the fourth cyclone collector, the fifth cyclone collector and the third separator enters the sixth cyclone collector through the pipeline, the black powder is screened out by the sixth cyclone collector, and the exhaust gas discharged from the sixth cyclone collector sequentially enters the bag-type dust collector, the activated carbon adsorption tower and the second exhaust fan through the pipeline for purification treatment, and is discharged into the air after noise reduction treatment.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, in steps S3) to S4), the rotary vibration sieve is provided with an upper sieve end, a middle sieve end and a lower sieve end corresponding to the three layers of sieves, the upper sieve end of the rotary vibration sieve screens out a film, the copper-aluminum mixture screened out by the middle sieve end of the rotary vibration sieve enters a vortex material spreader through a pipeline, and the black powder mixture screened out by the lower sieve end of the rotary vibration sieve enters a fifth cyclone material collector; the black powder mixture screened by the second separator enters a fifth cyclone collector through a pipeline; and screening black powder by a fifth cyclone collector.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that: the utility model provides a system for recycling waste battery materials and a recycling process thereof, wherein the system comprises a pretreatment device and a screening device and has the following advantages:
1) The pretreatment comprises a bidirectional conveyor, wherein the bidirectional conveyor conveys the hard shell batteries to a first crusher and conveys the soft shell batteries to a second crusher by changing the conveying direction, so that the hard shell batteries can be subjected to distinguishing treatment according to battery types, for example, the hard shell batteries are preferably crushed by a double-shaft crusher, and the soft shell batteries are preferably crushed by a variable-frequency high-speed crusher;
2) The battery is crushed for three times, and impurities attached to the copper-aluminum particles can be screened out, so that the recovery efficiency of the copper particles and the aluminum particles is improved;
3) Waste gas and waste liquid generated by the first crusher, the second crusher and the dryer sequentially pass through a spray tower, UV photolysis waste gas treatment equipment and a first exhaust fan through pipelines, the discharged waste gas is purified, and finally the waste gas is subjected to silencing treatment and discharged into the air;
4) The copper-aluminum mixture is fully crushed by the vortex bulk cargo device, impurities attached to copper-aluminum particles are reciprocally screened out by the airflow separator, the cyclone collector and the gravity, and the screened copper particles and aluminum particles are purer;
5) The cyclone collector, the three-layer rotary vibrating screen and the cyclone collector are sequentially screened to screen purer black powder; the black powder mixture screened by the airflow separator can be further used for recycling black powder, and the copper-aluminum mixture screened by the three-layer rotary vibration screening can be further used for recycling copper particles and aluminum particles;
6) The screening device of the system further comprises a sixth cyclone collector, wherein the sixth cyclone collector can further recycle black powder contained in waste gas discharged by the third crusher, the first cyclone collector, the second cyclone collector, the third cyclone collector, the fourth cyclone collector, the fifth cyclone collector and the third separator, and the waste gas is purified by the cloth bag dust collector, the activated carbon adsorption tower, the second exhaust fan and the silencer.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a system for recycling spent battery material according to the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a partial top view of a system for recycling spent battery material according to the present utility model, including a pretreatment device;
FIG. 3 is a partial side view of a system for recycling spent battery material according to the present utility model, including a screening apparatus;
in the figure, 1, a first conveyor, 11, a bidirectional conveyor, 12, a second conveyor, 13, a third conveyor, 14, a fourth conveyor, 15, a fifth conveyor, 16, a sixth conveyor, 2, a first crusher, 21, a second crusher, 22, a third crusher, 3, a silencer, 4, a dryer, 5, a first cyclone collector, 51, a second cyclone collector, 52, a third cyclone collector, 53, a fourth cyclone collector, 54, a fifth cyclone collector, 55, a fifth cyclone collector, 6, a first separator, 61, a second separator, 62, a third separator, 7, an eddy current diffuser, 71, a rotary vibration sieve, 72, a bin, 8, a bag collector, 81, an activated carbon adsorption tower, 82, a second exhaust fan, 9, a spray tower, 91, a UV photodecomposition exhaust gas treatment device, 92, a first exhaust fan, 10, a high pressure fan.
Detailed Description
For a better description of the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model, the present utility model will be further described with reference to the following specific examples and the accompanying drawings.
It should be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like are used herein to describe various information, but such information should not be limited to these terms, which are used merely to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, a "first" message may also be referred to as a "second" message, and similarly, a "second" message may also be referred to as a "first" message, without departing from the scope of the utility model.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a system for recycling waste battery materials, which comprises a pretreatment device and a screening device; the pretreatment device comprises conveying equipment, the conveying equipment comprises a bidirectional conveyor 11 with a changeable conveying direction, the bidirectional conveyor 11 conveys hard shell batteries to the first crusher 2 and soft shell batteries to the second crusher 21 by changing the conveying direction, the discharging end of the first crusher 2 is communicated with the dryer 4 through a unidirectional conveyor, and the discharging end of the second crusher 21 is communicated with the dryer 4 through a unidirectional conveyor;
the screening device comprises a third crusher 22, wherein the discharge end of the dryer 4 is communicated with the feed end of the third crusher 22 through a unidirectional conveyor, the discharge end of the third crusher 22 is sequentially communicated with a first cyclone collector 5 and a first separator 6 through a pipeline, one discharge end of the first separator 6 is communicated with a vortex bulk cargo device 7 through a pipeline, and the other discharge end of the first separator 6 is communicated with a second cyclone collector 51 through a pipeline; the discharge end of the vortex knockout device 7 is sequentially communicated with a third cyclone collector 52, a second separator 61, a fourth cyclone collector 53 and a third separator 62 through pipelines; the discharge end of the second cyclone collector 5 is sequentially communicated with a rotary vibration sieve 71, a fifth cyclone collector 54 and a stock bin 72 through pipelines.
In order to prevent fire when the battery breaks, it is preferable that the first crusher 2 and the second crusher 21 are provided in the fire-proof board house.
In order to sufficiently crush the hard-shell battery and the soft-shell battery, preferably, the first crusher 2 is a twin-shaft crusher, the second crusher 21 is a variable-frequency crusher, the third crusher 22 is a hammer crusher, and the dryer 4 is a drum dryer.
For purifying exhaust gas and reducing noise, it is preferable that exhaust ends of the first crusher 2, the second crusher 21 and the dryer 4 are sequentially connected with a spray tower 9, a UV photolysis exhaust gas treatment device 91 and a first exhaust fan 92 through pipes, and a muffler 3 is installed on the pipe to which the first exhaust fan 92 is connected.
In order to collect more soot, purify exhaust gas and reduce noise, it is preferable that the third crusher 22 and the exhaust end of the first cyclone collector 5 are sequentially connected with the sixth cyclone collector 55, the bag-type dust collector 8, the activated carbon adsorption tower 81 and the second exhaust fan 82 through pipes, and the muffler 3 is installed on the pipe connected with the second exhaust fan 82.
In order to collect more soot, purify exhaust gas and reduce noise, it is preferable that the exhaust ends of the second cyclone collector 51, the third cyclone collector 52, the fourth cyclone collector 53, the fifth cyclone collector 54 and the third separator 62 are all sequentially connected with the sixth cyclone collector 55, the bag-type dust collector 8, the activated carbon adsorption tower 81 and the second exhaust fan 82 through pipes, and the muffler 3 is installed on the pipe to which the second exhaust fan 82 is connected.
In order to further fully recover copper aluminum particles and black powder, preferably, the screen of the rotary vibration screen 71 is three layers, the rotary vibration screen 71 is provided with an upper screen end, a middle screen end and a lower screen end corresponding to the three layers of screen, and the middle screen end of the rotary vibration screen 71 is communicated with the feeding end of the vortex bulk cargo device 7 through a pipeline; the other discharge end of the second separator 61 is connected to the feed end of the fifth cyclone collector 54 through a pipe.
In order to optimize the conveying apparatus, preferably, the conveying apparatus includes a first conveyor 1, below the end of the first conveyor 1 in the conveying direction is a bi-directional conveyor 11, below one end of the bi-directional conveyor 11 is provided with a second conveyor 12 that conveys hard shell batteries to the first crusher 2, below the other end of the bi-directional conveyor 11 is provided with a third conveyor 13 that conveys soft shell batteries to the second crusher 21; the discharge end of the first crusher 2 is communicated with the feed end of the dryer 4 through the fourth conveyor 14, the discharge end of the second crusher 21 is communicated with the feed end of the dryer 4 through the fifth conveyor 15, and the discharge end of the dryer 4 is communicated with the feed end of the third crusher 22 through the sixth conveyor 16.
In order to improve the conveying efficiency of the battery material, it is preferable that the first conveyor 1, the bidirectional conveyor 11, the second conveyor 12, and the third conveyor 13 are belt conveyors, and the fourth conveyor 14, the fifth conveyor 15, and the sixth conveyor 16 are screw conveyors.
In order to improve the recovery efficiency of copper particles, aluminum particles and black powder, it is preferable that the internal passage of the first classifier 6 is zigzag-shaped, model ZXF-300Z, the second classifier 61 is an air flow classifier, and the third classifier 62 is a gravity reciprocating sieve.
In order to make the mixture easier to enter the first cyclone collector 5, the second cyclone collector 51, the third cyclone collector 52, the fourth cyclone collector 53 and the fifth cyclone collector 54, it is preferable that the high-pressure fan 10 is installed on a pipe in which the first cyclone collector 5 and the sixth cyclone collector 55 communicate, the high-pressure fan 10 is installed on a pipe in which the second cyclone collector 51 and the sixth cyclone collector 55 communicate, the high-pressure fan 10 is installed on a pipe in which the third cyclone collector 52 and the sixth cyclone collector 55 communicate, the high-pressure fan 10 is installed on a pipe in which the fourth cyclone collector 53 and the sixth cyclone collector 55 communicate, and the high-pressure fan 10 is installed on a pipe in which the fifth cyclone collector 54 and the sixth cyclone collector 55 communicate; the exhaust end of the high pressure fan 10 communicates with the feed end of the sixth cyclone collector 55.
The high pressure fan 10 may cause the first cyclone collector 5, the second cyclone collector 51, the third cyclone collector 52, the fourth cyclone collector 53 and the fifth cyclone collector 54 to form negative pressure, and the mixture may be more easily introduced.
Example 2
The present embodiment also provides a recycling process of the system of embodiment 1, comprising the following steps in order:
s1) the bidirectional conveyor 11 conveys hard shell batteries to the first crusher 2 and soft shell batteries to the second crusher 21 by changing the conveying direction, the hard shell batteries crushed in the first crusher 2 are conveyed to the dryer 4 by the unidirectional conveyor, the soft shell batteries crushed in the second crusher 21 are conveyed to the dryer 4 by the unidirectional conveyor, and the dryer 4 performs drying treatment on the crushed hard shell batteries or soft shell batteries;
s2) drying the crushed batteries, and conveying the crushed batteries to a third crusher 22 through a unidirectional conveyor to perform crushing treatment; the crushed batteries of the third crusher 22 sequentially enter the first cyclone collector 5 and the first separator 6 through pipelines for screening, copper-aluminum mixture (containing a small amount of black powder) in the batteries enter the vortex material distributor 7 through pipelines, and film and black powder mixture (containing a small amount of copper-aluminum particles) in the batteries enter the second cyclone material collector 51 through pipelines;
s3) crushing the copper-aluminum mixture by the vortex bulk material device 7, sequentially entering crushed copper-aluminum particles into a third cyclone collector 52 and a second separator 61 through a pipeline, and then entering copper-aluminum particles screened by the second separator 61 into a fourth cyclone collector 53 through a pipeline, wherein the fourth cyclone collector 53 screens clean copper-aluminum particles, the clean copper-aluminum particles enter a third separator 62 through a pipeline, and the third separator 62 screens copper particles and aluminum particles;
s4) the film and black powder mixture screened by the second cyclone collector 51 enters a rotary vibration screen 71 through a pipeline, the black powder mixture screened by the rotary vibration screen 71 enters a fifth cyclone collector 54 through a pipeline, the black powder is screened by the fifth cyclone collector 54, and the black powder enters a storage bin 72 through a pipeline for storage.
In order to recover the soot, purify the exhaust gas and reduce noise, preferably, in step S1), the exhaust gas discharged from the first crusher 2, the second crusher 21 and the dryer 4 sequentially enters the spray tower 9, the UV photolysis exhaust gas treatment device 91 and the first exhaust fan 92 through pipes to be purified, and is discharged into the air after being subjected to noise reduction treatment;
in step S2), the exhaust gas discharged from the first cyclone collector 5 and the third crusher 22 enters the sixth cyclone aggregate 55 through a pipeline, the sixth cyclone collector 55 screens black powder, and the exhaust gas discharged from the sixth cyclone collector 55 sequentially enters the bag-type dust collector 8, the activated carbon adsorption tower 81 and the second exhaust fan 82 through a pipeline for purification treatment, and is discharged into the air after silencing treatment;
in steps S2) to S4), the exhaust gas discharged from the second cyclone collector 51, the third cyclone collector 52, the fourth cyclone collector 53, the fifth cyclone collector 54 and the third separator 62 enters the sixth cyclone collector 55 through the pipe, the black powder is screened out by the sixth cyclone collector 55, and the exhaust gas discharged from the sixth cyclone collector 55 sequentially enters the bag-type dust collector 8, the activated carbon adsorption tower 81 and the second exhaust fan 82 through the pipe for purification treatment, and is discharged into the air after the noise reduction treatment.
Preferably, in steps S3) to S4), the rotary vibration sieve 71 is provided with an upper sieve end, a middle sieve end and a lower sieve end corresponding to the three layers of sieves, the upper sieve end of the rotary vibration sieve 71 screens out a film, the copper-aluminum mixture screened out by the middle sieve end of the rotary vibration sieve 71 enters the vortex material distributor 7 through a pipeline, and the black powder mixture screened out by the lower sieve end of the rotary vibration sieve 71 enters the fifth cyclone material collector 54; the black powder mixture screened by the second separator 61 enters the fifth cyclone collector 54 through a pipeline; the fifth cyclone collector 54 screens out the black powder.
The utility model adopts the system to recycle battery materials, and the recycling result is as follows: the content of nickel and cobalt in the copper particles is less than or equal to 1.5 percent, the content of nickel and cobalt in the aluminum particles is less than or equal to 3 percent, the recovery rate of the black powder is more than or equal to 95 percent, the content of copper in the black powder is less than or equal to 2 percent, and the content of aluminum in the black powder is less than or equal to 4 percent.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate rather than limit the scope of the utility model, and that those skilled in the art will understand that the technical scheme of the utility model may be modified or equally substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical scheme of the utility model.
Claims (10)
1. The system for recycling the waste battery materials is characterized by comprising a pretreatment device and a screening device;
the pretreatment device comprises conveying equipment, wherein the conveying equipment comprises a bidirectional conveyor capable of changing the conveying direction, the bidirectional conveyor conveys hard shell batteries to a first crusher and soft shell batteries to a second crusher by changing the conveying direction, the discharge end of the first crusher is communicated with a dryer through a unidirectional conveyor, and the discharge end of the second crusher is communicated with the dryer through a unidirectional conveyor;
the screening device comprises a third crusher, wherein the discharge end of the dryer is communicated with the feed end of the third crusher through a unidirectional conveyor, the discharge end of the third crusher is sequentially communicated with a first cyclone collector and a first separator through a pipeline, one discharge end of the first separator is communicated with a vortex material distributor through a pipeline, and the other discharge end of the first separator is communicated with a second cyclone material collector through a pipeline; the discharge end of the vortex distributor is sequentially communicated with a third cyclone collector, a second separator, a fourth cyclone collector and a third separator through pipelines; the discharge end of the second cyclone collector is sequentially communicated with a rotary vibration sieve, a fifth cyclone collector and a stock bin through pipelines.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the exhaust ends of the first crusher, the second crusher and the dryer are sequentially communicated with a spray tower, a UV photolysis exhaust gas treatment device and a first exhaust fan through pipelines, and a silencer is arranged on the pipeline connected with the first exhaust fan.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the third crusher and the exhaust end of the first cyclone collector are sequentially communicated with a sixth cyclone collector, a bag-type dust collector, an activated carbon adsorption tower and a second exhaust fan through pipelines, and a silencer is arranged on the pipeline connected with the second exhaust fan.
4. A system according to claim 3, wherein the exhaust ends of the second cyclone collector, the third cyclone collector, the fourth cyclone collector, the fifth cyclone collector and the third separator are all in communication with the sixth cyclone collector in sequence via a conduit.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the screen of the rotary vibration screen is three layers, the rotary vibration screen is provided with an upper screen end, a middle screen end and a lower screen end corresponding to the three layers of screen, and the middle screen end of the rotary vibration screen is communicated with the feeding end of the vortex knockout through a pipeline; the other discharging end of the second separator is communicated with the feeding end of the fifth cyclone collector through a pipeline.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the conveyor apparatus comprises a first conveyor below an end of the first conveyor in the conveying direction is the bi-directional conveyor, a second conveyor below one end of the bi-directional conveyor is provided to convey hard shell batteries to the first crusher, and a third conveyor below the other end of the bi-directional conveyor is provided to convey soft shell batteries to the second crusher; the discharge end of the first crusher is communicated with the feed end of the dryer through a fourth conveyor, the discharge end of the second crusher is communicated with the feed end of the dryer through a fifth conveyor, and the discharge end of the dryer is communicated with the feed end of the third crusher through a sixth conveyor.
7. The system of claim 4, wherein a high-pressure fan is installed on a pipeline in which the first cyclone collector and the sixth cyclone collector are communicated, a high-pressure fan is installed on a pipeline in which the second cyclone collector and the sixth cyclone collector are communicated, a high-pressure fan is installed on a pipeline in which the third cyclone collector and the sixth cyclone collector are communicated, a high-pressure fan is installed on a pipeline in which the fourth cyclone collector and the sixth cyclone collector are communicated, and a high-pressure fan is installed on a pipeline in which the fifth cyclone collector and the sixth cyclone collector are communicated; and the exhaust end of the high-pressure fan is communicated with the feeding end of the sixth cyclone collector.
8. The recycling process of the system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the following steps in order:
s1) conveying hard shell batteries to a first crusher and conveying soft shell batteries to a second crusher by changing the conveying direction, conveying the hard shell batteries crushed in the first crusher to a dryer by a unidirectional conveyor, conveying the soft shell batteries crushed in the second crusher to the dryer by the unidirectional conveyor, and drying the hard shell batteries crushed or the soft shell batteries by the dryer;
s2) drying the crushed batteries, and conveying the crushed batteries to a third crusher through a unidirectional conveyor to perform crushing treatment; the crushed batteries of the third crusher sequentially enter a first cyclone collector and a first separator for screening through pipelines, copper-aluminum mixtures in the batteries enter a vortex diffuser through pipelines, and thin film and black powder mixtures in the batteries enter a second cyclone collector through pipelines;
s3) crushing the copper-aluminum mixture by using the vortex bulk cargo, sequentially entering crushed copper-aluminum particles into a third cyclone collector and a second separator through a pipeline, and then entering the copper-aluminum particles screened by the second separator into a fourth cyclone collector through a pipeline, wherein the fourth cyclone collector screens clean copper-aluminum particles, and the clean copper-aluminum particles enter the third separator through a pipeline, and the third separator screens copper particles and aluminum particles;
s4) the film and black powder mixture screened by the second cyclone collector enters a rotary vibration screen through a pipeline, the black powder mixture screened by the rotary vibration screen enters a fifth cyclone collector through a pipeline, the black powder is screened by the fifth cyclone collector, and the black powder enters a storage bin through the pipeline for storage.
9. The recovery process according to claim 8, wherein in step S1), the exhaust gas discharged from the first crusher, the second crusher and the dryer sequentially enters a spray tower, a UV photolysis exhaust gas treatment device and a first exhaust fan through pipelines for purification treatment, and is discharged into the air after being subjected to noise reduction treatment;
in the step S2), the waste gas discharged by the first cyclone collector and the third crusher enters a sixth cyclone collector through a pipeline, black powder is screened out by the sixth cyclone collector, and the waste gas discharged by the sixth cyclone collector sequentially enters a bag-type dust collector, an activated carbon adsorption tower and a second exhaust fan through a pipeline for purification treatment, and is discharged into the air after silencing treatment;
in the steps S2) to S4), the exhaust gas discharged from the second cyclone collector, the third cyclone collector, the fourth cyclone collector, the fifth cyclone collector and the third separator enters the sixth cyclone collector through the pipeline, the black powder is screened out by the sixth cyclone collector, and the exhaust gas discharged from the sixth cyclone collector sequentially enters the bag-type dust collector, the activated carbon adsorption tower and the second exhaust fan through the pipeline for purification treatment, and is discharged into the air after noise reduction treatment.
10. The recovery process according to claim 9, wherein in steps S3) to S4), the rotary vibration sieve is provided with an upper sieve end, a middle sieve end and a lower sieve end corresponding to the three layers of sieves, the upper sieve end of the rotary vibration sieve screens out the thin film, the copper-aluminum mixture screened out by the middle sieve end of the rotary vibration sieve enters the vortex material distributor through a pipeline, and the black powder mixture screened out by the lower sieve end of the rotary vibration sieve enters the fifth cyclone material collector; the black powder mixture screened by the second separator enters a fifth cyclone collector through a pipeline; and screening black powder by a fifth cyclone collector.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109830773B (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2020-11-27 | 泰顺永庆电力技术有限公司 | Waste lithium battery recovery processing method |
| CN109985712A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-07-09 | 广州市联冠机械有限公司 | It is a kind of for screening the device and its technique of copper aluminium material material in old and useless battery |
| CN109985714A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-07-09 | 广州市联冠机械有限公司 | It is a kind of for screening the device and its technique of black powder and copper aluminium in old and useless battery |
| CN109985713A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-07-09 | 广州市联冠机械有限公司 | It is a kind of for screening the device and its technique of black powder in old and useless battery |
| CN110496689A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-11-26 | 广州市联冠机械有限公司 | A kind of system for old and useless battery material recovery |
| CN111530884B (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2021-07-27 | 北矿机电科技有限责任公司 | Power lithium battery monomer recovery method |
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| CN113976595B (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-08-23 | 荣麒(扬州)资源循环利用有限公司 | Soft package lithium ion battery recovery processing system and process |
| CN114558780B (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-07-15 | 河南中鑫新材料有限公司 | System for recycling and reusing positive pole piece of efficient lithium ion battery |
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