CN109031133B - SOC correction method of power battery - Google Patents

SOC correction method of power battery Download PDF

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CN109031133B
CN109031133B CN201810575748.2A CN201810575748A CN109031133B CN 109031133 B CN109031133 B CN 109031133B CN 201810575748 A CN201810575748 A CN 201810575748A CN 109031133 B CN109031133 B CN 109031133B
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power battery
soc
nedc
temperature
interval
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CN109031133A (en
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徐爱琴
赵久志
刘平
李忠
朱道吉
刘微
吴国辉
徐钦建
梁荣荣
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Anhui Jianghuai Automobile Group Corp
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Abstract

The invention provides a power battery SOC correction method, which comprises the following steps: after a vehicle is powered on, acquiring the temperature of a power battery, and acquiring the maximum SOC error value and the initial SOC value of the power battery at the temperature according to the temperature of the power battery; obtaining interval average current of the power battery within a set interval time threshold, and calculating to obtain a current proportion coefficient for evaluating the working condition of the vehicle according to the interval average current; calculating an interval SOC error value corresponding to the power battery at the interval time threshold according to the current proportion coefficient and the maximum SOC error value; and accumulating the interval SOC error values corresponding to the interval time thresholds according to the running time of the vehicle, and calculating to obtain an SOC correction value. The invention can improve the accuracy of the SOC estimation of the battery and increase the reliability and the safety of the vehicle operation.

Description

SOC correction method of power battery
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of batteries of electric vehicles, in particular to a SOC correction method of a power battery.
Background
The battery state of charge (soc) (state of charge) of the pure electric vehicle describes the remaining battery capacity, and is an important parameter in the battery use process. With the popularization of the electric vehicles at present, users have higher requirements on the estimation precision of the SOC, but the high nonlinearity of the battery in the use process makes the accurate estimation of the SOC have great difficulty.
At present, factors influencing the SOC estimation precision mainly comprise rated capacity of a battery pack, use temperature, consistency of battery monomers, ampere-hour integral error, vehicle running conditions and the like, and the SOC is accurately estimated. Under different running conditions of the vehicle, the accuracy of SOC estimation is different, and early protection or late protection of the vehicle in the running process can be caused. Generally, the calibration of the current sensor is performed under the NEDC condition (New European Driving Cycle, European endurance test condition), and the accuracy of data acquired by the current sensor is high under the NEDC condition. When the vehicle is in a condition of rapid acceleration and rapid deceleration, the discharge multiplying power of the power battery is high, the positive current and the negative current change frequently, the data accuracy of the current sensor under the condition is low, and the ampere-hour integral error is large, so that the estimation accuracy of the SOC is influenced, and the 4% error can be generated due to the maximum discharge of a complete flow of a test single cycle. The error may be that the SOC indicates that there is still a residual, but the actual SOC is already 0, i.e., the SOC estimate is too high, which may cause the customer to misunderstand that the vehicle battery is damaged, causing dissatisfaction or even complaints.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a power battery SOC correction method, which solves the problems that the SOC estimation accuracy of the power battery of the conventional electric automobile is not high, and the display of an SOC value is not accurate in the use process of a vehicle easily caused, improves the SOC estimation accuracy of the battery, and increases the reliability and safety of vehicle operation.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a SOC correction method of a power battery comprises the following steps:
after a vehicle is powered on, acquiring the temperature of a power battery, and acquiring the maximum SOC error value and the initial SOC value of the power battery at the temperature according to the temperature of the power battery;
obtaining interval average current of the power battery within a set interval time threshold, and calculating to obtain a current proportion coefficient for evaluating the working condition of the vehicle according to the interval average current;
calculating an interval SOC error value corresponding to the power battery at the interval time threshold according to the current proportion coefficient and the maximum SOC error value;
and accumulating the interval SOC error values corresponding to the interval time thresholds according to the running time of the vehicle, and calculating to obtain an SOC correction value.
Preferably, the obtaining the maximum SOC error value of the power battery at the temperature according to the power battery temperature includes:
testing the discharge capacity and the average current at different initial temperatures under the NEDC working condition and the sudden acceleration and sudden deceleration working condition, and establishing a data corresponding table of the temperature, the capacity and the current;
obtaining corresponding discharge capacity and average current under the NEDC working condition and the sudden acceleration and sudden deceleration working condition at the temperature of the power battery according to the data corresponding table;
and calculating the maximum SOC error value under the temperature of the power battery by taking the NEDC working condition as a reference and the sudden acceleration and sudden deceleration working condition as a limit working condition.
Preferably, the calculating the maximum SOC error value at the power battery temperature includes:
obtaining the discharge capacity C of the power battery under the temperature under the NEDC working conditionNEDC
Obtaining the discharge capacity C of the power battery under the condition of rapid acceleration and rapid decelerationExtreme limit
According to the formula: δ ═ CNEDC-CExtreme limit)/CNEDC100%, calculating the maximum SOC error value, wherein δ is the maximum SOC error value.
Preferably, the calculating the current proportionality coefficient for estimating the vehicle condition according to the interval average current comprises:
obtaining the average current I at the temperature of the power battery under the NEDC working conditionNEDC
To obtainUnder the condition of sharp acceleration and sharp reduction, the average current I at the temperature of the power batteryExtreme limit
According to the formula: s ═ I (I)Spacer-INEDC)/(IExtreme limit-INEDC) And calculating the current proportionality coefficient, wherein S is the current proportionality coefficient, ISpacerIs the interval average current.
Preferably, the calculating to obtain the current proportionality coefficient for estimating the vehicle operating condition comprises:
when the vehicle working condition is evaluated to be in a sharp acceleration and sharp reduction working condition, the current proportionality coefficient is equal to 1;
when the vehicle is evaluated to be in the NEDC condition, the current proportionality coefficient is equal to 0.
Preferably, the calculating an interval SOC error value corresponding to the power battery within the interval time threshold according to the current scaling factor and the maximum SOC error value includes:
acquiring the accumulated discharge capacity C of the power battery within the interval time threshold at the temperature of the power batterySpacer
Discharge capacity C of the power battery at the temperature according to NEDC working conditionNEDCAnd the cumulative discharge capacity CSpacerAnd calculating the ratio C of the discharge of the power battery in the interval time threshold value to the discharge of the NEDC working conditionSpacer/CNEDC
According to the formula: deltaSpacer=S*(CSpacer/CNEDC) Calculating to obtain the maximum SOC error generated by discharging the power battery in the interval time threshold, namely the interval SOC error value, wherein deltaSpacerIs the interval SOC error value.
Preferably, the calculating the SOC correction value includes:
and at the temperature of the power battery, the SOC correction value is equal to the difference between the initial SOC value and the accumulated value of each interval SOC error value.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: and obtaining the initial SOC value of the power battery at the temperature by adopting an ampere-hour integration method.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
if the run time is less than the interval time threshold, the interval SOC error value is 0.
Preferably, the interval time threshold is 10 minutes.
The invention provides a power battery SOC correction method, which is characterized in that SOC error values generated in interval time are calculated through current proportional coefficients obtained by comparing different working conditions at the same temperature, the SOC error values of each interval time are accumulated, and an SOC correction value is obtained through calculation. The problem that the SOC value of the power battery of the conventional electric automobile is displayed inaccurately in the use process of the automobile due to low estimation accuracy of the SOC of the power battery is solved, the estimation accuracy of the SOC of the battery is improved, and the reliability and the safety of the running of the automobile are improved.
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In order to more clearly describe the specific embodiments of the present invention, the drawings to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below.
FIG. 1: the invention provides a flow chart of a power battery SOC correction method.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical field of the invention better understand the scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the embodiment of the invention is further described in detail with reference to the drawings and the implementation mode.
The current battery SOC estimation strategies mainly comprise an open-circuit voltage method, an ampere-hour integral method, an artificial neural network method, a Kalman filtering method and the like. The accuracy of the ampere-hour integral highly depends on the accuracy of the charging and discharging current i, and the discharging multiplying power, the charging and discharging efficiency and the positive and negative current conversion frequency of the battery all have important influence on the accuracy of the current in the running process of the vehicle, so that the accuracy of the ampere-hour integral is influenced, and the SOC generates errors. The SOC value of the power battery of the current electric vehicle is estimated inaccurately, and vehicle users are prone to complaints or disputes. The invention provides a power battery SOC correction method, which is characterized in that SOC error values generated in interval time are calculated through current proportional coefficients obtained by comparing different working conditions at the same temperature, the SOC error values of each interval time are accumulated, and an SOC correction value is obtained through calculation. The problem that the SOC value of the power battery of the conventional electric automobile is displayed inaccurately in the use process of the automobile due to low estimation accuracy of the SOC of the power battery is solved, the estimation accuracy of the SOC of the battery is improved, and the reliability and the safety of the running of the automobile are improved.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for correcting SOC of a power battery includes:
s1: after a vehicle is powered on, acquiring the temperature of a power battery, and acquiring the maximum SOC error value and the initial SOC value of the power battery at the temperature according to the temperature of the power battery;
s2: obtaining interval average current of the power battery within a set interval time threshold, and calculating to obtain a current proportion coefficient for evaluating the working condition of the vehicle according to the interval average current;
s3: calculating an interval SOC error value corresponding to the power battery at the interval time threshold according to the current proportion coefficient and the maximum SOC error value;
s4: and accumulating the interval SOC error values corresponding to the interval time thresholds according to the running time of the vehicle, and calculating to obtain an SOC correction value.
Specifically, the discharge capacity and the average current of the battery at different initial temperatures are tested, the power battery at the set temperature is discharged at the full range, and the discharge capacity is calculated by adopting an ampere-hour method. Meanwhile, the discharge current is collected, and the average current in the discharge process is calculated. And testing the discharge capacity and the average current of the power battery under various working conditions of different temperatures, establishing a data corresponding table and storing the data corresponding table in the vehicle control unit. And electrifying the vehicle, acquiring the temperature of the power battery, and reading the discharge capacity and the average current of different working conditions at the temperature according to the data corresponding table. And calculating SOC difference values of discharging under different working conditions, and taking the SOC difference value which can be caused by full-range discharging under the stable working condition and the limit working condition of the vehicle as a maximum SOC error. And (4) starting running of the vehicle, and recording the SOC value of the power battery at the moment to accumulate the discharge capacity and the average current every time an interval time is set in the accumulated running. And representing and evaluating the vehicle working condition by using the calculated current proportionality coefficient through the average current change of different working conditions, and further calculating the SOC error of the interval time due to the corresponding relation of the discharge capacity and the average current. The SOC correction value of the power battery is calculated by adopting the current proportionality coefficient obtained by the average current change of the power battery under the same temperature and different working conditions, so that the error caused by inaccurate data acquisition under severe working conditions can be corrected, and the accuracy of SOC value estimation can be improved.
Further, the obtaining the maximum SOC error value of the power battery at the temperature according to the temperature of the power battery includes:
s11: testing the discharge capacity and the average current at different initial temperatures under the NEDC working condition and the sudden acceleration and sudden deceleration working condition, and establishing a data corresponding table of the temperature, the capacity and the current;
s12: obtaining corresponding discharge capacity and average current under the NEDC working condition and the sudden acceleration and sudden deceleration working condition at the temperature of the power battery according to the data corresponding table;
s13: and calculating the maximum SOC error value under the temperature of the power battery by taking the NEDC working condition as a reference and the sudden acceleration and sudden deceleration working condition as a limit working condition.
Note that NEDC operating conditions: new European Driving Cycle, namely European endurance test condition. The discharge multiplying power, the charge-discharge efficiency and the positive and negative current conversion frequency of the battery under the working condition are all in reasonable intervals, and the related performance parameters of the electric vehicle and the battery are determined in the industry, and the working condition is mostly adopted when related standards are established. And (3) under the condition of rapid acceleration and rapid reduction: the accelerator pedal and the brake pedal alternate 100% of travel, so as to circulate; the working condition has larger charge-discharge multiplying power and efficiency and faster positive and negative current change frequency, and is generally used for testing related performance parameters of electric vehicles and batteries in enterprises under extreme severe working conditions.
Still further, the calculating the maximum SOC error value at the power battery temperature includes the steps of:
(1) obtaining the discharge capacity C of the power battery under the temperature under the NEDC working conditionNEDC
(2) Obtaining the discharge capacity C of the power battery under the condition of rapid acceleration and rapid decelerationExtreme limit
(3) According to the formula: δ ═ CNEDC-CExtreme limit)/CNEDC100%, calculating the maximum SOC error value, wherein δ is the maximum SOC error value.
The current proportionality coefficient of the vehicle working condition is obtained by calculation according to the interval average current, and the current proportionality coefficient comprises the following steps:
s21: obtaining the average current I at the temperature of the power battery under the NEDC working conditionNEDC
S22: obtaining the average current I limit under the temperature of the power battery under the working condition of rapid acceleration and rapid reduction;
s23: according to the formula: s ═ I (I)Spacer-INEDC) /(ILimit-I)NEDC) And calculating the current proportionality coefficient, wherein S is the current proportionality coefficient, ISpacerIs the interval average current.
Further, the calculating to obtain a current proportionality coefficient for evaluating the vehicle operating condition includes: when the vehicle working condition is evaluated to be in a sharp acceleration and sharp reduction working condition, the current proportionality coefficient is equal to 1; when the vehicle is evaluated to be in the NEDC condition, the current proportionality coefficient is equal to 0.
In practical application, when the condition of rapid acceleration and rapid reduction is adopted, the current proportionality coefficient which is possibly calculated is more than or equal to 1; under the NEDC condition, the current scaling factor that may be calculated is less than or equal to 0; this is mainly due to the fact that different values of the discharge capacity and average current are still in the same working condition when the working condition is evaluated. In the method, in order to make the calculation uniform, the current proportionality coefficient is equal to 1 when the vehicle working condition is evaluated to be in a sharp acceleration and sharp reduction working condition; when the vehicle is evaluated to be in the NEDC condition, the current proportionality coefficient is equal to 0. Meanwhile, when the current proportionality coefficient tends to 1, the condition of the vehicle is evaluated to be in a severe condition; and when the current proportionality coefficient tends to 0, evaluating that the vehicle working condition is in a stable working condition.
Calculating an interval SOC error value corresponding to the power battery within the interval time threshold according to the current proportion coefficient and the maximum SOC error value, wherein the calculation comprises the following steps:
s31: is obtained atThe accumulated discharge capacity C of the power battery within the interval time threshold value at the temperature of the power batterySpacer
S32: discharge capacity C of the power battery at the temperature according to NEDC working conditionNEDCAnd the cumulative discharge capacity CSpacerAnd calculating the ratio C of the discharge of the power battery in the interval time threshold value to the discharge of the NEDC working conditionSpacer/CNEDC
S33: according to the formula: deltaSpacer=S*(CSpacer/CNEDC) Calculating to obtain the maximum SOC error generated by discharging the power battery in the interval time threshold, namely the interval SOC error value, wherein deltaSpacerIs the interval SOC error value.
Further, the calculating the SOC correction value includes: and at the temperature of the power battery, the SOC correction value is equal to the difference between the initial SOC value and the accumulated value of each interval SOC error value.
The method further comprises the following steps: and obtaining the initial SOC value of the power battery at the temperature by adopting an ampere-hour integration method.
Still further, the method further comprises:
if the run time is less than the elapsed time threshold, the SOC error value is 0.
In practical application, if the running time is greater than or equal to the interval time threshold, the sum of the accumulated value of the interval SOC error values corresponding to each interval time threshold in the running time and the initial SOC value is used as the SOC correction value.
In particular, the interval time threshold may be 10 minutes. Taking a ternary battery pure electric car of a certain model as an example, the method is explained in detail as follows:
1. vehicle power-on, initial temperature T0At 25 ℃, read C at this temperatureNEDC=100AH,INEDC=10A,CExtreme limit=96AH,IExtreme limit=32A。
2. Calculating discharge SOC errors under two working conditions: δ ═ CNEDC-CExtreme limit)/CNEDC*100%=(100-96)/96*100%=4%。
3. The vehicle starts to run, the running is accumulated for 10min, and the SOC of the battery is the SOC at the moment095.80%, cumulative discharge capacity in 10min is CSpacer4.2 AH; average current is I within 10minSpacer=25.2A。
4. Identifying the running condition of the vehicle: calculating current proportionality coefficient S ═ ISpacer-INEDC)/(IExtreme limit-INEDC)=(25.2-10)/(32-10)=0.69。
5. Calculating the SOC error generated in 10min operation: deltaSpacer=S*(CSpacer/CNEDC)*δ=0.69*(4.2/100)*4%=0.12%。
6. Correcting the SOC of the battery at the moment to be SOC0Spacer=95.80%-0.12%=95.68%。
7. The SOC is stored at 95.68% and used as the next minute integration reference SOC.
8. After the operation is continued for 8min, the SOC is 93.25%, the operation is stopped, and the SOC can be not corrected, namely, the SOC is maintained to be 93.25% because the operation is less than 10 min.
Therefore, the SOC correction method of the power battery provided by the invention calculates the SOC error values generated in the interval time by comparing the current proportion coefficients obtained by different working conditions at the same temperature, further accumulates the SOC error values of each interval time, and calculates to obtain the SOC correction value. The problem that the SOC value of the power battery of the conventional electric automobile is displayed inaccurately in the use process of the automobile due to low estimation accuracy of the SOC of the power battery is solved, the estimation accuracy of the SOC of the battery is improved, and the reliability and the safety of the running of the automobile are improved.
The construction, features and functions of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown in the drawings, and all equivalent embodiments modified or modified by the spirit and scope of the present invention should be protected without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A method for correcting the SOC of a power battery is characterized by comprising the following steps:
after a vehicle is powered on, acquiring the temperature of a power battery, and acquiring the maximum SOC error value and the initial SOC value of the power battery at the temperature according to the temperature of the power battery;
obtaining interval average current of the power battery within a set interval time threshold, and calculating to obtain a current proportion coefficient for evaluating the working condition of the vehicle according to the interval average current;
calculating an interval SOC error value corresponding to the power battery at the interval time threshold according to the current proportion coefficient and the maximum SOC error value;
accumulating the interval SOC error values corresponding to the interval time thresholds according to the running time of the vehicle, and calculating to obtain an SOC correction value;
the current proportionality coefficient of the vehicle working condition is obtained by calculation according to the interval average current, and the current proportionality coefficient comprises the following steps:
obtaining the average current I at the temperature of the power battery under the NEDC working conditionNEDC
Obtaining the average current I under the temperature of the power battery under the working conditions of rapid acceleration and rapid reductionExtreme limit
According to the formula: s ═ I (I)Spacer-INEDC)/(IExtreme limit-INEDC) And calculating the current proportionality coefficient, wherein S is the current proportionality coefficient, ISpacerIs the interval average current;
calculating an interval SOC error value corresponding to the power battery within the interval time threshold according to the current proportion coefficient and the maximum SOC error value, wherein the calculation comprises the following steps:
acquiring the accumulated discharge capacity C of the power battery within the interval time threshold at the temperature of the power batterySpacer
Discharge capacity C of the power battery at the temperature according to NEDC working conditionNEDCAnd the cumulative discharge capacity CSpacerAnd calculating the ratio C of the discharge of the power battery in the interval time threshold value to the discharge of the NEDC working conditionSpacer/CNEDC
According to the formula: deltaSpacer=S*(CSpacer/CNEDC) Calculating to obtain the maximum SOC error generated by discharging the power battery in the interval time threshold, namely the interval SOC error value, wherein deltaSpacerThe interval SOC error value, δ is the maximum SOC error value.
2. The method for correcting the SOC of the power battery according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining the maximum SOC error value of the power battery at the temperature according to the temperature of the power battery comprises:
testing the discharge capacity and the average current at different initial temperatures under the NEDC working condition and the sudden acceleration and sudden deceleration working condition, and establishing a data corresponding table of the temperature, the capacity and the current;
obtaining corresponding discharge capacity and average current under the NEDC working condition and the sudden acceleration and sudden deceleration working condition at the temperature of the power battery according to the data corresponding table;
and calculating the maximum SOC error value under the temperature of the power battery by taking the NEDC working condition as a reference and the sudden acceleration and sudden deceleration working condition as a limit working condition.
3. The power cell SOC correction method of claim 2, wherein the calculating the maximum SOC error value at the power cell temperature comprises:
obtaining the discharge capacity C of the power battery under the temperature under the NEDC working conditionNEDC
Obtaining the discharge capacity C of the power battery under the condition of rapid acceleration and rapid decelerationExtreme limit
According to the formula: δ ═ CNEDC-CExtreme limit)/CNEDC100%, calculating the maximum SOC error value.
4. The method for correcting the SOC of the power battery according to claim 3, wherein the calculating a current scaling factor for estimating vehicle operating conditions comprises:
when the vehicle working condition is evaluated to be in a sharp acceleration and sharp reduction working condition, the current proportionality coefficient is equal to 1;
when the vehicle is evaluated to be in the NEDC condition, the current proportionality coefficient is equal to 0.
5. The method for correcting the SOC of a power battery according to claim 4, wherein the calculating the SOC correction value includes:
and at the temperature of the power battery, the SOC correction value is equal to the difference between the initial SOC value and the accumulated value of each interval SOC error value.
6. The method for correcting the SOC of a power battery according to claim 5, characterized by further comprising: and obtaining the initial SOC value of the power battery at the temperature by adopting an ampere-hour integration method.
7. The SOC correction method for a power battery according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by further comprising:
if the run time is less than the interval time threshold, the interval SOC error value is 0.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the interval time threshold is 10 minutes.
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