CN109030369B - A multi-channel microfluidic chip used in conjunction with cuvettes - Google Patents
A multi-channel microfluidic chip used in conjunction with cuvettes Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种与比色皿联用的微流控芯片使用方法,由分流区、混合区、出液区三部分组成。其特征在于:所述芯片整体为长方体的厚片形状。按长方体长边竖直摆放,从顶端开始依次加工有分流区、混合区、出液区的各个功能部件。发明解决了重金属样品预处理在进样、分流、加试剂、混合的功能集成,提供了一种用于重金属离子检测的多通道微流控芯片。本发明的有益效果是:分流均匀、溶液混合快速、出液接口独特耐用;能够直接与不同型号的比色皿直接连接,最后,将比色皿取下放入分光光度计中检测,便能读取参数数据。
The invention provides a method for using a microfluidic chip used in combination with a cuvette, which consists of three parts: a flow diversion area, a mixing area and a liquid outlet area. It is characterized in that: the whole chip is in the shape of a cuboid slab. Arrange vertically according to the long side of the cuboid, and process various functional components of the diversion area, mixing area, and liquid outlet area sequentially from the top. The invention solves the functional integration of sample injection, splitting, reagent addition and mixing in the pretreatment of heavy metal samples, and provides a multi-channel microfluidic chip for heavy metal ion detection. The beneficial effects of the present invention are: uniform flow distribution, rapid solution mixing, unique and durable liquid outlet interface; it can be directly connected with different types of cuvettes; Read parameter data.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种多通道微流控芯片,具体说是一种用于重金属离子检测的,可与多种规格的比色皿直接联用的多通道微流控芯片。The invention relates to a multi-channel microfluidic chip, in particular to a multi-channel microfluidic chip which is used for detecting heavy metal ions and can be directly used in combination with cuvettes of various specifications.
技术背景technical background
目前,随着各种工业、制造业的快速发展,农药及化肥的广泛使用,农田及河流中的重金属污染日益严重,重金属污染因其具有毒性、易通过食物链在植物,动物和人体内累积,对生态环境和人体健康构成严重威胁,已经越来越受到人们的关注。因此为了使重金属的检测简单廉价,一个简单的,切实可行的,耗试剂量少的测试装置成为迫切的需要。At present, with the rapid development of various industries and manufacturing industries, the widespread use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers, the pollution of heavy metals in farmland and rivers is becoming more and more serious. Because of their toxicity, heavy metal pollution is easy to accumulate in plants, animals and humans through the food chain. It poses a serious threat to the ecological environment and human health, and has attracted more and more attention. Therefore, in order to make the detection of heavy metals simple and cheap, a simple, practicable, and low reagent consumption test device becomes an urgent need.
微流控芯片又称芯片实验室或微全分析系统,通过微加工技术将化学中所涉及的样品预处理、反应、分离、检测,生命科学中所涉及的细胞培养、分选、裂解等基本操作单元集成在一块几平方厘米大小的芯片上,利用微通道网络灵活的操控整个实验系统,从而实现传统化学或生物实验室的各项功能。自从20世纪90年代初被首次提出以来,由于具有分析速度快、试剂消耗少、微型化、集成化和自动化的优点,微流控芯片已广泛应用于分析化学、合成化学、药物筛选、临床诊断、生物技术、环境检测等等领域。Microfluidic chips, also known as lab-on-a-chip or micro-total analysis systems, use micro-processing technology to perform basic sample pretreatment, reaction, separation, and detection in chemistry, and cell culture, sorting, and lysis in life sciences. The operating unit is integrated on a chip with a size of several square centimeters, and the microchannel network is used to flexibly control the entire experimental system, thereby realizing various functions of traditional chemical or biological laboratories. Since it was first proposed in the early 1990s, microfluidic chips have been widely used in analytical chemistry, synthetic chemistry, drug screening, and clinical diagnosis due to the advantages of fast analysis speed, low reagent consumption, miniaturization, integration, and automation. , biotechnology, environmental testing and other fields.
目前,重金属离子的检测器具普遍以大型装置为主,有着诸多的限制,如果能有一种小型的装置,可以实现重金属离子的检测,并且成本低廉的检测工具,将会使填补这一空白。At present, heavy metal ion detection equipment is generally based on large-scale devices, which have many limitations. If there is a small device that can detect heavy metal ions, and a low-cost detection tool, it will fill this gap.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明为解决重金属样品预处理的进样、分流、加试剂、混合和收集操作的困难,存在定量分析等方面的不足,提供了一种用于重金属离子检测的多通道微流控芯片,实现一种功能集成的装置。The present invention provides a multi-channel microfluidic chip for the detection of heavy metal ions in order to solve the difficulties in the pretreatment of heavy metal samples, such as sampling, splitting, adding reagents, mixing and collecting operations, and the shortcomings of quantitative analysis. A functionally integrated device.
本发明的技术方案为,一种与比色皿联用的多通道微流控芯片,由分流区、混合区、出液区三部分组成。其特征在于:所述芯片整体为长方体的厚片形状。按长方体的最长边竖直摆放,从顶端开始依次加工有分流区、混合区、出液区的各个功能部件。The technical solution of the present invention is that a multi-channel microfluidic chip used in conjunction with a cuvette is composed of three parts: a flow diversion area, a mixing area, and a liquid outlet area. It is characterized in that: the whole chip is in the shape of a cuboid slab. Arranged vertically according to the longest side of the cuboid, and sequentially process various functional components of the diversion area, mixing area, and liquid outlet area from the top.
所述分流区包括顶端的进样口、进样口下面的圆柱形储样池、和储样池下面连通的主通道,还包括分液口和分样通道。所述主通道通过分液口连接3个分样通道,3个分样通道在分液口分液后呈平行垂直等距离排布。所述分液口的宽度尺寸与主通道宽度一致,分液口的通道深度尺寸小于主通道深度尺寸。在分液口的通道里加工有用于分流的1个分流栏和2个小分流栏,或1个分流岛。所述分液口的3个分样通道口之间,即2个两侧分样通道口与1个中分样通道口之间加工有两个三角形分液尖角。The split flow area includes a sample inlet at the top, a cylindrical sample storage tank below the sample inlet, and a main channel communicated with the bottom of the sample storage tank, and also includes a liquid separation port and a sample separation channel. The main channel is connected to three sample-dividing channels through the liquid-dispensing port, and the three sample-dividing channels are arranged parallel, vertically and equidistantly after the liquid is separated by the liquid-distributing port. The width dimension of the liquid distribution port is consistent with the width of the main channel, and the channel depth dimension of the liquid distribution port is smaller than the depth dimension of the main channel. One split bar and two small split bars, or one split island, are processed in the channel of the liquid split port. Two triangular liquid separation sharp corners are processed between the three sample distribution channel openings of the liquid distribution port, that is, between the two side sample distribution channel openings and one middle sample distribution channel opening.
所述混合区包括每一个分样通道在同一水平面上水平加工的圆柱形阀门腔,阀门腔下底出口的聚液口,和在聚液口下面的均液室。所述阀门腔是与阀体配合加工的。所述阀体为圆柱体,能够在阀门腔内密闭旋转。所述阀体内部为中空瓶子状结构,顶部密封盖加工成固定的旋钮,在旋钮的圆心加工有试剂开闭口。在阀体中部侧壁上加工有一个贯通的方孔,方孔的尺寸同分样通道与阀门腔的接口尺寸一致,并和阀门腔与聚液口的尺寸相对应一致,大小相同。所述聚液口为上大下小的圆台形贯通通道,下面连通的是均液室。所述均液室由一个空腔和一个半球体构成,半球体由支撑架架空在均液室的下部。均液室半球体的正上方是聚液口的加工位置,聚液口的下部出口尺寸大小可调,能够保证阀体内流出的液体以液滴形态滴在均液室半球体上。The mixing zone includes a cylindrical valve chamber in which each sample-dividing channel is processed horizontally on the same horizontal plane, a liquid collecting port at the bottom outlet of the valve chamber, and a liquid homogenizing chamber below the liquid collecting port. The valve cavity is processed in cooperation with the valve body. The valve body is a cylinder and can rotate in a closed manner in the valve chamber. The inside of the valve body is a hollow bottle-like structure, the top sealing cover is processed into a fixed knob, and a reagent opening and closing port is processed at the center of the knob. A through square hole is processed on the side wall of the middle part of the valve body. The size of the square hole is consistent with the size of the interface between the sample distribution channel and the valve chamber, and is correspondingly consistent with the size of the valve chamber and the liquid collecting port. The liquid gathering port is a frustum-shaped through channel with a large upper part and a smaller lower part, and the liquid equalization chamber communicates with it below. The liquid equalization chamber is composed of a cavity and a hemisphere, and the hemisphere is suspended at the lower part of the liquid equalization chamber by a supporting frame. Directly above the hemisphere of the homogenizing chamber is the processing position of the liquid collecting port. The size of the lower outlet of the liquid collecting port can be adjusted to ensure that the liquid flowing out of the valve body drops on the hemisphere of the liquid homogenizing chamber in the form of droplets.
所述出液区是由收集池和一个可伸缩的出液接口组成。所述收集池是在均液室的下面,与均液室相联通,收集存储经过均液室半球体的混合液滴。所述出液接口是一个能够伸缩的接口,在出液接口两侧端加工有滑轨,用于同比色皿的连接。在芯片下部的出液区还加工有控制伸缩出液接口的把手。在芯片的底部配套加工有密封整个芯片底部表面的密封底盖。The liquid outlet area is composed of a collection pool and a retractable liquid outlet interface. The collection tank is under the liquid equalization chamber, communicates with the liquid equalization chamber, and collects and stores the mixed liquid droplets passing through the hemisphere of the liquid equalization chamber. The liquid outlet interface is a retractable interface, and slide rails are processed on both sides of the liquid outlet interface for connection with cuvettes. A handle for controlling the telescopic liquid outlet interface is also processed in the liquid outlet area at the lower part of the chip. The bottom of the chip is matched with a sealing bottom cover that seals the entire bottom surface of the chip.
上述技术方案优选的,所述每个分样通道能够与分液口结合,继续再分个为三个分样通道,即一个芯片能够分9条分样通道,连接分样通道以下的功能部件均一一对应地增加,能够形成9种混合液,接9个比色皿均。所述主通道和分样通道均采用等离子处理进行疏水表面处理。所述混合区的空腔及半球体均采用疏水表面处理。Preferably in the above technical solution, each of the sample dividing channels can be combined with the liquid distribution port, and continue to be divided into three sample dividing channels, that is, one chip can be divided into 9 sample dividing channels, and connected to the functional components below the sampling channel Uniform one-to-one corresponding increase, can form 9 kinds of mixed solutions, connected to 9 cuvettes. Both the main channel and the sampling channel are treated with hydrophobic surface by plasma treatment. Both the cavity and the hemisphere in the mixing zone are treated with a hydrophobic surface.
上述技术方案优选的,所述分流栏在分液口通道的中心线上;2个小分流栏分列在其后部两侧。所述分流岛呈梭形,其前头的分流岛尖头和尾部的岛尾尖都在分液口通道的中心线上。分流岛的中后部,在对着两侧分样通道的开口处加工成中部凹面的形状。In the above technical solution, preferably, the splitter column is on the centerline of the channel of the liquid distribution port; two small splitter columns are arranged on both sides of the rear part. The diversion island is in the shape of a shuttle, and the tip of the diversion island at the front and the tail tip of the island at the tail are both on the center line of the channel of the liquid distribution port. The middle rear part of the diversion island is processed into a concave shape in the middle at the openings facing the sample distribution channels on both sides.
上述技术方案优选的,所述聚液口的下部出口尺寸大小,能够用直径尺寸不同的放入聚液口内的滴液珠来调整,每个聚液口内的滴液珠用防护网板来防止掉出和更换。Preferably in the above technical solution, the size of the outlet of the lower part of the liquid collecting port can be adjusted by the drip beads put into the liquid collecting port with different diameters, and the dripping beads in each liquid collecting port are prevented by a protective screen. Drop out and replace.
本发明以上技术方案主要有以下有益效果。The above technical solutions of the present invention mainly have the following beneficial effects.
(1)均匀分流。分液口的设计,通过两个三角形的顶点,将通过主管道的试剂均匀分成3份,分别进入三个进样通道。(1) Uniform flow distribution. The design of the liquid separation port divides the reagent passing through the main pipeline into three parts evenly through the vertices of the two triangles, and enters the three injection channels respectively.
(2)溶液快速混合。聚液口的设计,可以将阀门内的混合液以水滴的形式滴落,控制了整个装置反应速率。将混合液以水滴的形态,有间隔滴落在半球体上,可以确保混合液形成无数更加细小的水滴,这些水滴混合后即得充分混合的溶液。并且整个混合区采用疏水材料涂层,避免表面溶液黏附。(2) The solution is mixed rapidly. The design of the liquid collecting port can drop the mixed liquid in the valve in the form of water droplets, controlling the reaction rate of the entire device. Dropping the mixed solution on the hemisphere in the form of water droplets at intervals can ensure that the mixed solution forms countless finer water droplets, and after mixing these water droplets, a fully mixed solution can be obtained. And the entire mixing zone is coated with hydrophobic material to avoid surface solution adhesion.
(3)独特的出液接口。将出液接口设计成与当前手机常用的Type-C接口相似,使出液接口可以直接接入比色皿中,不同的试剂经过芯片混合后直接流入比色皿,省去了转移的步骤,最大化的减少试剂的浪费。并且在出液接口两端加入了滑轨的设计,在闲置时将出液接口缩入芯片内,并用盖子盖上,可以有效避免与外界接触产生污染。(3) Unique liquid outlet interface. The liquid outlet interface is designed to be similar to the Type-C interface commonly used in current mobile phones, so that the liquid outlet interface can be directly connected to the cuvette, and different reagents are mixed by the chip and directly flow into the cuvette, eliminating the need for transfer steps. Minimize the waste of reagents. In addition, the design of slide rails is added to both ends of the liquid outlet interface. When idle, the liquid outlet interface is retracted into the chip and covered with a cover, which can effectively avoid contact with the outside world and cause pollution.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的一种主视结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a front view structure of the present invention.
图2为本发明的一种右视结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a right-view structure of the present invention.
图3为本发明的一种阀体的主视和右视结构示意图。Fig. 3 is a front view and a right view structural schematic diagram of a valve body of the present invention.
图4为本发明的一种与比色皿装配使用的示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the present invention assembled and used with a cuvette.
图5为本发明的一种均液室的俯视结构示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic plan view of a homogeneous liquid chamber of the present invention.
图6为本发明的一种分液口的结构示意图。Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a liquid distribution port of the present invention.
图 7为本发明的一种分液口的剖视示意图。Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid distribution port of the present invention.
图8为本发明的一种分流岛的俯视结构示意图。Fig. 8 is a schematic top view structural view of a diversion island of the present invention.
图9为本发明的一种聚液口的主视结构示意图。Fig. 9 is a schematic front view structural view of a liquid collecting port of the present invention.
图中:1.进样口;2.储样池;3.主通道;4.分液口;5.分样通道;6.阀门腔;7.聚液口;8.均液室;9.支撑架;10.滑轨;11.收集池;12.把手;13.出液接口;14.方孔;15.阀体;16.试剂开闭口;17.旋钮;18.密封底盖;19.比色皿;20.凸型液体头;21.分流栏;22.小分流栏;23.分液尖角;24.中分样通道;25.两侧分样通道;26.分流岛尖头;27.分流岛;28.中部凹面;29.岛尾尖;30.芯片支架;31.滴液珠;32.防护网板。In the figure: 1. Sample inlet; 2. Storage tank; 3. Main channel; 4. Liquid distribution port; 5. Sample distribution channel; 6. Valve cavity; .Support frame; 10. Slide rail; 11. Collection pool; 12. Handle; 13. Outlet interface; 14. Square hole; 15. Valve body; 16. Reagent opening and closing port; 17. Knob; 18. Sealing bottom cover; 19. Cuvette; 20. Convex liquid head; 21. Split column; 22. Small split column; 23. Separation sharp corner; 24. Middle sample channel; 25. Both sides sample channel; 27. Distributor island; 28. Concave surface in the middle; 29. Island tip; 30. Chip holder; 31. Droplet; 32. Protective mesh.
具体实施例specific embodiment
参照图1与图9的形状结构,一种与比色皿联用的多通道微流控芯片,由分流区、混合区、出液区三部分组成。其特征在于:所述芯片整体为长方体的厚片形状。按长方体的最长边竖直摆放,用芯片支架30固定,从顶端开始依次加工有分流区、混合区、出液区的各个功能部件。Referring to the shape and structure of Fig. 1 and Fig. 9, a multi-channel microfluidic chip used in conjunction with a cuvette is composed of three parts: a flow diversion area, a mixing area, and a liquid outlet area. It is characterized in that: the whole chip is in the shape of a cuboid slab. Place vertically according to the longest side of the cuboid, fix it with a
所述分流区包括顶端的进样口1、进样口1下面的圆柱形储样池2、和储样池2下面连通的主通道3,还包括分液口4和分样通道5。所述主通道3通过分液口4连接3个分样通道5,3个分样通道5在分液口4分液后呈平行垂直等距离排布。所述分液口4的宽度尺寸与主通道3宽度一致,分液口4的通道深度尺寸小于主通道3深度尺寸,此设计在于是液体在分液口4变速,利于分流。在分液口4的通道里加工有用于分流的1个分流栏21和2个小分流栏22,或1个分流岛27。所述分液口4的3个分样通道5口之间,即2个两侧分样通道25口与1个中分样通道24口之间加工有两个三角形分液尖角23。分液口4的分流功能部件的设计,在于根据计算机模拟出的最优尺寸参数,在恒定进样流速下或稳定加速状态下,精确均匀分流主通道3的样品液体。样品液体通过两个三角形的分流尖角23,将通过主通道3的样品液体分成3份,分别进入三个分样通道5。The split area includes the
所述混合区包括每一个分样通道5在同一水平面上水平加工的圆柱形阀门腔6,阀门腔6下底出口的聚液口7,和在聚液口7下面的均液室8。所述阀门腔6是与阀体15配合加工的;所述阀体15为圆柱体,能够在阀门腔6内密闭旋转。所述阀体15内部为中空瓶子状结构,顶部密封盖加工成固定的旋钮17,在旋钮17的圆心加工有试剂开闭口16。在阀体15中部侧壁上加工有一个贯通的方孔14,方孔14的尺寸同分样通道5与阀门腔6的接口尺寸一致,并和阀门腔6与聚液口7的尺寸相对应一致,大小相同。试剂开闭口16位于整个阀体的顶部,主要用于加入重金属离子溶液,根据检测需求,也可以改加其它的试剂溶液。方孔14是开在阀体15侧面的一个正方形孔洞,主要作用是将阀体15内部与分样通道5和聚液口7相连接。因为整个阀体15只有一个方孔,所以当方孔没有对准分样通道5时,分样通道5的一段就会封闭,会存在一部分气体,溶液不能流下。整个阀体15的内部是一个中空结构,所以有一定的容积,可以暂时存储通过进样口1和分样通道5进入阀体15的溶液。所述聚液口7为上大下小的圆台形贯通通道,下面连通的是均液室8。所述均液室8由一个空腔和一个半球体构成,半球体由支撑架9架空在均液室8的下部。均液室8半球体的正上方是聚液口7的加工位置,聚液口7的下部出口尺寸大小可调,能够保证阀体15内流出的液体以液滴形态滴在均液室8半球体上。均液室8的主要构成就是半球体和支撑架9以及一个长方体的空腔,其中半球体的作用为使液滴溅射,支撑架9的作用为支撑半球体。聚液口7的设计,可以将阀体15内的混合液以水滴的形式滴落,控制了整个装置反应速率。将混合液以水滴的形态,有间隔滴落在均液室8的半球体上,可以确保混合液形成无数更加细小的水滴,这些水滴混合后即得充分混合的溶液。并且整个混合区采用疏水材料涂层,避免表面溶液黏附。混合区的位置在整个芯片的中下部,收集池11和出液接口13的上面一段。The mixing zone includes a
所述出液区是由收集池11和一个可伸缩的出液接口13组成。所述收集池11是在均液室8下面,与均液室8相联通,收集和存储经过均液室8半球体的混合液滴。所述出液接口13是一个能够伸缩的接口,在出液接口13两侧端加工有滑轨10,用于同比色皿19连接。在芯片下部的出液区还加工有控制伸缩出液接口13的把手12。在芯片的底部配套加工有密封整个芯片底部表面的密封底盖18。将出液接口13设计成与当前电子产品常用的Type-C接口相似,使出液接口13能够直接接入比色皿19中,经过芯片混合好不同的试剂,反应后直接流入比色皿19,省去了转移的步骤,最大化的减少试剂的浪费。并且在出液接口13两端加入了滑轨的设计,在闲置时将出液接口13缩入芯片内,并用密封底盖18盖上,可以有效避免与外界接触产生污染。密封底盖18作用为盖住芯片的底部,避免污染出液接口13。因为出液接口13为能够伸缩设计,在使用后需要将出液接口13缩入,然后将密封底盖18盖上,即可将芯片混合区密封。The liquid outlet area is composed of a
本发明在3个阀体内15,加入3种重金属的特定检测的试剂,在进样口1加入待测定重金属离子的样品液体,能够完成重金属检测实验。解决了重金属样品预处理装置在进样、分流、加试剂、混合的功能集成,提供了一种用于重金属离子检测的多通道微流控芯片。同时,本发明在3个阀体内15,加入3种一定浓度的重金属离子试剂,在进样口1加入活细胞悬浮液,还能用于完成细胞毒性实验。对于活细胞毒性实验,本发明的芯片更适合于重金属离子毒性高或浓度含量高的活细胞毒性实验。In the present invention, three specific detection reagents for heavy metals are added to the three
上述技术方案中,所述每个分样通道5能够与分液口4结合,继续再分个为三个分样通道5,即一个芯片能够分9条分样通道5,连接分样通道5以下的功能部件均一一对应地增加,能够混合9种试剂,接9个比色皿。所述主通道3和分样通道5均采用等离子处理进行疏水表面处理。所述混合区的空腔及半球体均采用疏水表面处理。例如:聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)涂层。In the above-mentioned technical scheme, each of the
上述技术方案中,所述分流栏21在分液口4通道的中心线上,迎面将凸型液体头20分成2部分。2个小分流栏22分列在其后部两侧。所述分流岛27呈梭形,其前头的分流岛尖头26和尾部的岛尾尖29都在分液口4通道的中心线上。分流岛27的中后部,在对着两侧分样通道25的开口处加工成中部凹面28。中部凹面28作用是将分后的液体导入中分样通道24。In the above technical solution, the
上述技术方案中,所述聚液口7的下部出口尺寸大小,能够用直径尺寸不同的放入聚液口7内的滴液珠31来调整,每个聚液口7内的滴液珠31用防护网板32来防止掉出和更换。In the above technical solution, the size of the outlet of the lower part of the liquid-
最后说明的是,以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制,尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明技术方案的宗旨和范围,其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention without limitation. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be carried out Modifications or equivalent replacements without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention shall be covered by the claims of the present invention.
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