CN109030358A - Faint infrared signal detection system and method based on coaxial cavity microwave resonance principle - Google Patents
Faint infrared signal detection system and method based on coaxial cavity microwave resonance principle Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of faint infrared signal detection system and method based on coaxial cavity microwave resonance principle, it extracts including sapphire window, optics frequency division system, coaxial cavity infrared signal detection system, data and is embedded on vacuum and low temperature bulkhead with processing system, vacuum and low temperature cabin, sapphire window；Optics frequency division system includes off axis paraboloid mirror focus lamp, optical fiber and multichannel grating, infrared signal to be measured is carried out total-light-reflection transformation, and be transmitted to multichannel grating through optical fiber and carry out frequency-division section and point Channel Processing；Coaxial cavity infrared detector is adjusted by position and is detected to each frequency range infrared signal；Data Collection & Processing System carries out data extract real-time and processing to coaxial cavity infrared detector；Faint infrared signal is converted into observable, the easily microwave signal that detects using coaxial cavity infrared detector, off axis paraboloid mirror focus lamp and vacuum and low temperature cabin by the present invention, has the characteristics that test frequency range is wide, precision is high, stability is good, operation and maintenance is at low cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to optical radiation fields of measurement, and in particular to a kind of based on the faint red of coaxial cavity microwave resonance principle
External signal detection system and method.
Background technique
Infrared detection has many advantages, such as highly sensitive, high stability and stronger anti-interference, initially the army of being mainly used in
The guidance in thing field, scouting, search, early warning, detection, tracking, round-the-clock forward sight and night vision, weapon aiming etc..In recent years, infrared
Detection is one of technology with fastest developing speed, and infrared sensor is widely used to aerospace, astronomy, meteorology, military affairs, work at present
The various fields such as industry, agricultural, medicine, traffic play irreplaceable important function in routine work and life.It is common at present
Infrared detector there are mainly two types of, one is thermal detector, such as bolometer, thermocouple and thermoelectric pile and pyroelectricity are visited
Survey device etc.；Another kind is photon detector, as photoconductive detector, photovoltaic detector and light emitting-Schottky potential barrier are visited
Survey device etc..But such devices are in application process vulnerable to the influence for using the factors such as time, environmental radiation, workability
Energy fluctuation is larger, is modified although periodic calibration can be carried out to it, it radiates infrared signal at detector emergent pupil
The detection of performance influences still larger.
Accurate measurement for faint infrared signal is always difficult point urgently to be resolved, although having now more mature
Infrared detection technique development is greatly facilitated in infrared signal Detection Techniques, the especially appearance of mercury cadmium telluride MCT infrared detector.
But have the disadvantage in that the separation of (1) phasor liquidus solidus is big, fractional condensation cause radially, longitudinally group be evenly distributed；(2) high Hg
For pressure so that major diameter crystal growth is difficult, lattice structure integrality is poor；(3) duplication of production rate is low.Just because of these disadvantages
In the presence of application of the mercury cadmium telluride MCT infrared detector in faint infrared signal is constrained, so that it is only capable of reality under liquid nitrogen environment
Existing -70dBm/cm2Infrared signal detection, and be difficult to realize p- 70dBm/cm2Fainter infrared signal detection below.
In conclusion traditional infrared signal detection technique detection range is smaller, and technology and cost limit its use
Condition and application range.And the faint infrared signal detection device based on coaxial cavity microwave resonance principle will test the faint of difficulty
The microwave signal that infrared signal to be measured is converted into small-range, easily observes.Therefore it provides a kind of be based on coaxial cavity microwave resonance principle
Faint infrared signal detection device and method be meaningful.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is provide one kind and be based on for defect present in existing faint infrared signal detection device
The faint infrared signal detection device and method of coaxial cavity microwave resonance principle.Using infrared sensitizing dyestuff in different infrared signals
The lower characteristic with different responses of radiation, and infrared sensitization is contaminated using field strength concentration, the higher coaxial resonant cavity of quality factor
The response characteristic of material is detected, and ir radiant power signal is converted to microwave signal, realizes the Gao Ling of faint infrared signal
Quick detection.
For achieving the above object, technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
Faint infrared signal detection device based on coaxial cavity microwave resonance principle, including vacuum and low temperature cabin 10, be embedded in
Sapphire window 9, optics frequency division system 1, coaxial cavity infrared signal detection system 2, data acquisition on the bulkhead of vacuum and low temperature cabin
With processing system, optics frequency division system and coaxial cavity infrared signal detection system are all located inside vacuum and low temperature cabin, optics frequency dividing
System 1 successively includes off axis paraboloid mirror focus lamp, optical fiber 17 and multichannel grating 18, optics frequency dividing along the infrared signal direction of propagation
System is used to carry out infrared signal to be measured total-light-reflection transformation, and is transmitted to multichannel grating through optical fiber and carries out frequency-division section and point letter
Road processing；Coaxial cavity infrared signal detection system is adjusted infrared to each channel, each frequency range by multi-dimensional moving platform progress position
Signal is detected；Data Collection & Processing System carries out data extract real-time and place to coaxial cavity infrared signal detection system
Reason.
It is preferred that the optics frequency division system 1 along the infrared signal direction of propagation successively include infrared filter 11,
The big focus lamp 13 of diaphragm for eliminating stray light 12, off axis paraboloid mirror, field stop 14, the small focus lamp 15 of off axis paraboloid mirror, chopper 16, light
Fine 17, multichannel grating 18, the infrared filter 11 are tightly attached to 9 rear end of sapphire window；The diaphragm for eliminating stray light 12 is located at
Between infrared filter 11 and the big focus lamp 13 of off axis paraboloid mirror；The big focus lamp 13 of the off axis paraboloid mirror and off axis paraboloid mirror are small
Focal point between focus lamp 15 is placed with field stop 14；It is placed between the small focus lamp 15 of the off axis paraboloid mirror and optical fiber 17
There is chopper 16；The multichannel grating 18 is placed in 17 rear end of optical fiber；Infrared signal to be measured enters vacuum through sapphire window
In low temperature chamber, it is incident on the big focus lamp 13 of off axis paraboloid mirror by infrared filter and diaphragm for eliminating stray light 12, hereafter, by off-axis
The big focus lamp 13 of paraboloid and the small focus lamp 15 of off axis paraboloid mirror carry out total-light-reflection transformation, after being regulated and controled by chopper 16 by
Optical fiber 17 is transmitted on multichannel grating 18, carries out a point channel, point direction to infrared signal to be detected by multichannel grating 18
Reason.
It is preferred that the big focus lamp 13 of the off axis paraboloid mirror and the small focus lamp 15 of off axis paraboloid mirror use quartz for
Matrix, matrix surface are coated with gold or silver metal reflectance coating and medium protection film.
It is preferred that the multichannel grating 18 is made of sapphire, 2-6 μm of infrared signal can be carried out more
Channel scaling down processing, and the passable infrared wavelength range of each channel is different, resolution ratio is less than 200nm.
It is preferred that the coaxial cavity infrared signal detection system includes coaxial resonant cavity 19, multi-dimensional moving platform
21, infrared sensitized material 20, the coaxial resonant cavity 19 are fixed in multi-dimensional moving platform 21, and coaxial resonant cavity 19 uses brass
Production, coaxial resonant cavity surfaces externally and internally are all successively coated with silver, golden metallic diaphragm, working frequency range 1-8GHz, quality factor 10,000
More than, and with 6 or more usable resonance frequencies, it is the coaxial of 3.5mm that depth is provided at the center of coaxial resonant cavity top
Resonant cavity instrument connection 24, for placing infrared sensitized material 20；Can be carried out in the multi-dimensional moving platform top to bottom, left and right, front and rear,
The angle four-dimension is adjusted；The infrared sensitized material 20 is used as matrix using glass epoxy or quartz, and matrix bottom end is coated with not
With the infrared sensitized material coating for having different response characteristics under infrared radiation power.
It is preferred that the data Collection & Processing System includes vector network analyzer 3, sequence controlled computer 4, arrow
It measures Network Analyzer 3 and coaxial resonant cavity 19 is connected by microwave cable 8, the sequence controlled computer 4 passes through process control vector net
Network analyzer 3 extracts the microwave property parameter of coaxial resonant cavity under different location, and calculates according to microwave resonance principle
The dielectric constant and loss angle tangent of infrared sensitized material.
It is preferred that vacuum and low temperature cabin inner surface is pasted with infrared wave-absorbing material, operating frequency range covers
Gai Jin, middle infrared band；
It is preferred that further including liquid nitrogen circulating refrigerator 6 and the vacuum being respectively communicated to inside vacuum and low temperature cabin 10
Pump 7, the liquid nitrogen circulating refrigerator 6 are used for provide ultra-low temperature surroundings in vacuum and low temperature cabin 10, and the vacuum pump 7 uses molecule
Vacuum degree in vacuum and low temperature cabin can be reduced to 1Pa by pump assembly.
For achieving the above object, faint infrared signal detection is carried out using above-mentioned apparatus the present invention also provides a kind of
Method includes the following steps:
Step 1: optics frequency division system, coaxial cavity infrared signal detection system are placed in vacuum and low temperature cabin, and carried out
Device adjustment connects sequence controlled computer and vector network analyzer, connects coaxial resonance so that infrared signal detection route is unimpeded
Chamber and vector network analyzer, connection liquid nitrogen circulating refrigerator and vacuum and low temperature cabin, connection vacuum pump and vacuum and low temperature cabin；
Step 2: vaccum-pumping equipment is opened, by vacuum and low temperature cabin air pressure drop down to 1Pa hereinafter, opening liquid nitrogen circulating refrigerator
Vacuum and low temperature cabin is down to -190 DEG C；
Step 3: before infrared sources are placed in sapphire window, infrared signal enters vacuum and low temperature through sapphire window
In cabin, the big focus lamp of off axis paraboloid mirror is reached after infrared filter and diaphragm for eliminating stray light, then through the big focus lamp of off axis paraboloid mirror
The wave beam that the small focus lamp of off axis paraboloid mirror forms high convergence collimation is reached with field stop, hereafter, after being regulated and controled by chopper
Through infrared beams finally being carried out frequency-division section by multichannel grating and divide transmission on fibre optic rediations to multichannel grating；
Step 4: adjust multi-dimensional moving platform so that coaxial resonant cavity be located at multichannel grating infrared signal transmission channel with
Outside, by sequence controlled computer and vector network analyzer to infrared quick inside coaxial resonant cavity instrument connection under the state
Change material to be tested, the dielectric constant of sensitized material infrared under the state is denoted as ε0, loss angle tangent is denoted as tan δ0；
Step 5: multi-dimensional moving platform is adjusted, so that it is λ that coaxial resonant cavity, which is located at multichannel grating infrared wavelength,1Channel
On direction, after stablizing, the infrared sensitized material under the state is surveyed by sequence controlled computer and vector network analyzer
Examination, is denoted as ε for the dielectric constant of sensitized material infrared under the state1, loss angle tangent is denoted as tan δ1；
Step 6: calculating infrared sensitized material dielectric constant after opening infrared signal predose by step 4 and step 5 and change
Variable Δ ε1, loss angle tangent knots modification Δ tan δ1, calculation method is as follows:
Δε1=ε1-ε0
Δtanδ1=tan δ1-tanδ0
Step 7: the radiant power P by changing infrared sources, obtaining infrared wavelength under different radiant powers is λ1Institute
Corresponding Δ ε1With Δ tan δ1, further, by the statistics and arrangement to record data, obtaining infrared wavelength is λ1It is corresponding
P- Δ ε1With P-Δ tan δ1Data statistic；
Step 8: multi-dimensional moving platform is adjusted, so that it is λ that coaxial resonant cavity, which is located at multichannel grating infrared wavelength,2Channel
On direction, after stablizing, repeat step 5, step 6 and step 7 and obtain infrared wavelength to be λ2Corresponding P- Δ ε2With P-Δ tan
δ2Data statistic, and so on, obtain the different a length of λ of infrared wavesnCorresponding P- Δ εnWith P-Δ tan δnData system
Count table；
Step 9: the to be measured infrared sources unknown to radiant power detect, and calculate under the radiant power outside Different Red
Wavelength XnΔ ε on channel directionnWith Δ tan δnValue, and consult through the obtained different a length of λ of infrared waves of step 8nInstitute
Corresponding P- Δ εnWith P-Δ tan δnData statistic obtains the size of the radiant power P of light source to be measured, final to realize to be measured
The frequency and power detection of infrared signal.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) the faint infrared signal detection device provided by the invention based on coaxial cavity microwave resonance principle, use it is true
It can be connected with liquid nitrogen circulating refrigerator and vacuum pump outside empty low temperature chamber, so that being in ultra low temperature vacuum ring when vacuum and low temperature cabin is long
In border, the infra-red radiation for avoiding each device itself in optics frequency division system and coaxial cavity infrared signal detection system ties test
The influence of fruit.In addition, the vacuum and low temperature cabin inner surface used is pasted with wideband infrared wave-absorbing material, optics frequency division system is avoided
To the mixed and disorderly reflection of infrared signal and the influence to testing result is scattered with each device in coaxial cavity infrared signal detection system.
(2) the faint infrared signal detection device provided by the invention based on coaxial cavity microwave resonance principle, the light of use
The big focus lamp of infrared filter, diaphragm for eliminating stray light, off axis paraboloid mirror, the small focusing of off axis paraboloid mirror are introduced in credit display system
The devices such as mirror, chopper, optical fiber and multichannel grating.It, can be real after wherein infrared filter is tightly attached to sapphire infrared window
Now to the multiple filter of infrared signal to be measured, the influence that external environment treats the weak infrared signal of micrometer is avoided.Diaphragm for eliminating stray light
It is further to be filtered out to extraneous interference signal, while wave beam arrangement is carried out to infrared signal to be measured, avoids hash
Influence to rear end off axis paraboloid mirror focus lamp to infrared signal focusing effect.Using the big focus lamp of off axis paraboloid mirror and off-axis throwing
The small focus lamp of object plane, which is realized, converts the total-light-reflection of infrared signal, so that broad beam incoming signal is transformed to narrow beam letter to be measured
Number, improve its detectable power density.Pre-conditioned to infrared signal to be measured is realized using chopper and optical fiber respectively and is determined
To transmission.It can realize that carrying out point channel and a point direction to infrared signal to be measured transmits using multichannel grating, by different wave length model
The infrared signal enclosed is transmitted along different channels and direction, is realized and is handled the frequency dividingization of infrared signal to be measured, differentiates
Rate is up to 200nm.
(3) in the faint infrared signal detection device provided by the invention based on coaxial cavity microwave resonance principle, using same
Axocoel infrared signal detection system realizes the reception and detection to each wave band infrared signal to be measured.It is substituted using infrared sensitizing dyestuff
Traditional MCT and pyroelectric detector reception device.Had under different infrared signal irradiation powers based on infrared sensitizing dyestuff
There is the characteristic of different responses, realizes the reception and detection of faint infrared signal.Its is low in cost, from a wealth of sources, and easily coating
In on the common substrates material such as quartz, glass epoxy, the infrared signal receiving apparatus with higher sensitivity is made.Using field strength
The high coaxial resonant cavity of concentration, quality factor can will test difficult infrared signal and be converted into as infrared signal detection device
Observable, the microwave signal easily detected, are advantageous in that: since infrared signal to be detected is faint, far beyond traditional infrared
Signal supervisory instrument working range is especially less than -70dBm/cm to power density2Infrared signal detection, and it is coaxial humorous
Chamber quality factor of shaking are high, field strength is concentrated, high sensitivity, can by infrared sensitizing dyestuff in different infrared signal radiation of power
The measurement of lower response characteristic will test difficult faint infrared signal and be converted into the microwave signal that variation range is small, easily observes, real
Now to the highly sensitive Sensitive Detection of faint infrared signal.
(4) in the faint infrared signal detection device provided by the invention based on coaxial cavity microwave resonance principle, use
Data are extracted and processing system is made of vector network analyzer and sequence controlled computer, and wherein vector network analyzer can be realized pair
The extract real-time of coaxial resonant cavity microwave property parameter, sequence controlled computer is according to microwave resonance principle to vector network analyzer institute
The microwave property parameter of extraction is calculated, to obtain under different conditions the dielectric constant of infrared sensitized material and loss angle just
It cuts, realizes the microwave method detection for treating the weak infrared signal of micrometer.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the faint infrared signal structure of the detecting device signal provided by the invention based on coaxial cavity microwave resonance principle
Figure.
Fig. 2 is optics frequency division system structural schematic diagram provided by the invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of coaxial cavity infrared signal detection system provided by the invention.
Fig. 4 is coaxial resonant cavity structural schematic diagram provided by the invention.
Fig. 5 is infrared sensitized material structural schematic diagram provided by the invention.
Wherein, 1 it is optics frequency division system, 2 is coaxial cavity infrared signal detection system, 3 is vector network analyzer, and 4 are
Sequence controlled computer, 5 be infrared sources, and 6 be liquid nitrogen circulating refrigerator, and 7 be vacuum pump, and 8 be microwave cable, and 9 be sapphire window
Mouthful, 10 be vacuum and low temperature cabin, and 11 be infrared filter, and 12 be diaphragm for eliminating stray light, and 13 be the big focus lamp of off axis paraboloid mirror, and 14 be view
Field diaphragm, 15 be the small focus lamp of off axis paraboloid mirror, and 16 be chopper, and 17 be optical fiber, and 18 be multichannel grating, and 19 be coaxial resonance
Chamber, 20 be infrared sensitized material, and 21 be multi-dimensional moving platform, and 22 be coaxial resonant cavity outer conductor, and 23 be to lead in coaxial resonant cavity
Body, 24 be coaxial resonant cavity instrument connection, and 25 be coaxial resonant cavity microwave junction, and 26 be infrared sensitized material matrix, and 27 be infrared
Sensitized material coating.
Specific embodiment
Illustrate embodiments of the present invention below by way of specific specific example, those skilled in the art can be by this specification
Other advantages and efficacy of the present invention can be easily understood for disclosed content.
It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe specific embodiment, and be not intended to restricted root
According to the illustrative embodiments of the application.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singular
Also it is intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in the present specification using term "comprising" and/or " packet
Include " when, indicate existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or their combination.
As described in background introduction, existing infrared detection technology can not still fully achieve power density less than -70dBm/
cm2Faint infrared signal detects demand, and the present invention provides a kind of to solve this problem based on coaxial cavity microwave resonance principle
Faint infrared signal detection system and method.
As shown in Figure 1, the faint infrared signal detection device based on coaxial cavity microwave resonance principle, including vacuum and low temperature cabin
10, be embedded in sapphire window 9 on the bulkhead of vacuum and low temperature cabin, optics frequency division system 1, coaxial cavity infrared signal detection system 2,
Vector network analyzer 3, sequence controlled computer 4, infrared sources 5, liquid nitrogen circulating refrigerator 6, vacuum pump 7, microwave cable 8, light
Credit display system 1 and coaxial cavity infrared signal detection system 2 are placed in vacuum and low temperature cabin 10, the optics frequency division system 1
For being filtered, converting to infrared signal to be measured, frequency-division section handles with a point direction；The coaxial cavity infrared signal detection system
2, which by multi-dimensional moving platform carry out position, adjusts and divides and divide direction treated infrared signal to be measured to optics frequency division system 1
Tested by channel, by frequency range；The vector network analyzer 3 collectively constitutes data acquisition and procession with sequence controlled computer 4
System is used to carry out data extract real-time and processing to coaxial cavity infrared detector 2；The liquid nitrogen circulating refrigerator 6
It is used to provide ultra low temperature vacuum environment for vacuum and low temperature cabin 10 with vacuum pump 7, reduces the infrared spoke of external environment and device itself
Penetrate the influence to test result.
The optics frequency division system 1 along the infrared signal direction of propagation successively include infrared filter 11, diaphragm for eliminating stray light 12,
The big focus lamp 13 of off axis paraboloid mirror, field stop 14, the small focus lamp 15 of off axis paraboloid mirror, chopper 16, optical fiber 17, multi-channel optical
Grid 18, the infrared filter 11 are tightly attached to sapphire window rear end, and the operating central wavelength difference of the infrared filter 11
For 2.8 μm, 3.4 μm, 4.6 μm, 5.3 μm, spectral bandwidth is respectively 130nm, 150nm, 100nm, 80nm；The veiling glare light that disappears
For door screen 12 between infrared filter 11 and the big focus lamp 13 of off axis paraboloid mirror, the clear aperture of diaphragm for eliminating stray light 12 is 75mm,
The bore of the big focus lamp 13 of off axis paraboloid mirror is 100mm；The big focus lamp 13 of the off axis paraboloid mirror and the small focusing of off axis paraboloid mirror
Focal point between mirror 15 is placed with field stop 14, and it is for excluding to throw off axis that the standard field of view of field stop, which is 0.04 °,
Influence of the mixed and disorderly reflection infrared signal of the big focus lamp 13 of object plane to test result；The mouth of the small focus lamp 15 of off axis paraboloid mirror
Diameter is 10mm；Chopper 16 is placed between the small focus lamp 15 of the off axis paraboloid mirror and optical fiber 17；The multichannel grating 18
It is placed in 17 rear end of optical fiber；Infrared signal to be measured enters 10 in vacuum and low temperature cabin through sapphire window 9, passes through infrared filter 11
It is incident on the big focus lamp 13 of off axis paraboloid mirror with diaphragm for eliminating stray light 12, hereafter, by the big focus lamp 13 of off axis paraboloid mirror and off axis
The small focus lamp 15 of paraboloid carries out total-light-reflection transformation, is transmitted to multichannel grating by optical fiber 17 after being regulated and controled by chopper 16
On 18, a point channel is carried out to infrared signal to be detected by multichannel grating 18, a point direction is handled.
Preferably, the big focus lamp 13 of the off axis paraboloid mirror and the small focus lamp 15 of off axis paraboloid mirror use quartz for matrix,
Its surface is coated with gold or silver metal reflectance coating and medium protection film.
Preferably, the multichannel grating 18 is made of sapphire, 2-6 μm of infrared signal can be carried out multichannel point
Frequency is handled, and the passable infrared wavelength range of each channel is different, and resolution ratio is less than 200nm.
Preferably, the coaxial cavity infrared signal detection system 2 include coaxial resonant cavity 19, it is multi-dimensional moving platform 21, red
Outer sensitized material 20, the coaxial resonant cavity 19 are fixed in multi-dimensional moving platform 21, and coaxial resonant cavity 19 is made of brass,
19 surfaces externally and internally of coaxial resonant cavity is all successively coated with silver, golden metallic diaphragm, working frequency range 1-8GHz, quality factor 10,000 with
On, and with 6 or more usable resonance frequencies.It is the coaxial of 3.5mm that depth is provided at 19 top center of coaxial resonant cavity
Resonant cavity instrument connection 24, for placing infrared sensitized material 20；It is that market common location adjusts tool in multi-dimensional moving platform, it can
It is obtained by purchase, top to bottom, left and right, front and rear can be carried out in the multi-dimensional moving platform 21, the angle four-dimension is adjusted；It is described infrared quick
Change material 20 and matrix is used as using glass epoxy or quartz, bottom end, which is coated with, there are different responses under different infrared radiation power
The infrared sensitized material coating 27 of characteristic.
Preferably, the data Collection & Processing System includes vector network analyzer 3, sequence controlled computer 4, vector network
Analyzer 3 connects coaxial resonant cavity 19 by microwave cable 8, and the sequence controlled computer 4 controls vector network by specific program
Analyzer 3 extracts the microwave property parameter of coaxial resonant cavity 19 under different location, and calculates according to microwave resonance principle
The dielectric constant and loss angle tangent of infrared sensitized material 20.
Preferably, 10 inner surface of vacuum and low temperature cabin is pasted with infrared wave-absorbing material, operating frequency range covering is close,
Middle infrared band；
The microwave detection method that faint infrared signal is carried out using above-mentioned apparatus, is included the following steps:
Step 1: optics frequency division system, coaxial cavity infrared signal detection system are placed in vacuum and low temperature cabin, and carried out
Device adjustment connects sequence controlled computer and vector network analyzer, connects coaxial resonance so that infrared signal detection route is unimpeded
Chamber and vector network analyzer, connection liquid nitrogen circulating refrigerator and vacuum and low temperature cabin, connection vacuum pump and vacuum and low temperature cabin；
Step 2: vaccum-pumping equipment is opened, by vacuum and low temperature cabin air pressure drop down to 1Pa hereinafter, opening liquid nitrogen circulating refrigerator
Vacuum and low temperature cabin is down to -190 DEG C；
Step 3: before infrared sources are placed in sapphire window, infrared signal enters vacuum and low temperature through sapphire window
In cabin, the big focus lamp of off axis paraboloid mirror is reached after infrared filter and diaphragm for eliminating stray light, then through the big focus lamp of off axis paraboloid mirror
The wave beam that the small focus lamp of off axis paraboloid mirror forms high convergence collimation is reached with field stop, hereafter, after being regulated and controled by chopper
Through infrared beams finally being carried out frequency-division section by multichannel grating and divide transmission on fibre optic rediations to multichannel grating；
Step 4: adjust multi-dimensional moving platform so that coaxial resonant cavity be located at multichannel grating infrared signal transmission channel with
Outside, by sequence controlled computer and vector network analyzer to infrared quick inside coaxial resonant cavity instrument connection under the state
Change material to be tested, the dielectric constant of sensitized material infrared under the state is denoted as ε0, loss angle tangent is denoted as tan δ0；
Step 5: multi-dimensional moving platform is adjusted, so that it is λ that coaxial resonant cavity, which is located at multichannel grating infrared wavelength,1Channel
On direction, after stablizing, the infrared sensitized material under the state is surveyed by sequence controlled computer and vector network analyzer
Examination, is denoted as ε for the dielectric constant of sensitized material infrared under the state1, loss angle tangent is denoted as tan δ1；
Step 6: calculating infrared sensitized material dielectric constant after opening infrared signal predose by step 4 and step 5 and change
Variable Δ ε1, loss angle tangent knots modification Δ tan δ1, calculation method is as follows:
Δε1=ε1-ε0
Δtanδ1=tan δ1-tanδ0
Step 7: the radiant power P by changing infrared sources, obtaining infrared wavelength under different radiant powers is λ1Institute
Corresponding Δ ε1With Δ tan δ1, further, by the statistics and arrangement to record data, obtaining infrared wavelength is λ1It is corresponding
P- Δ ε1With P-Δ tan δ1Data statistic；
Step 8: multi-dimensional moving platform is adjusted, so that it is λ that coaxial resonant cavity, which is located at multichannel grating infrared wavelength,2Channel
On direction, after stablizing, repeat step 5, step 6 and step 7 and obtain infrared wavelength to be λ2Corresponding P- Δ ε2With P-Δ tan
δ2Data statistic, and so on, obtain the different a length of λ of infrared wavesnCorresponding P- Δ εnWith P-Δ tan δnData system
Count table；
Step 9: the to be measured infrared sources unknown to radiant power detect, and calculate under the radiant power outside Different Red
Wavelength XnΔ ε on channel directionnWith Δ tan δnValue, and consult through the obtained different a length of λ of infrared waves of step 8nInstitute
Corresponding P- Δ εnWith P-Δ tan δnData statistic obtains the size of the radiant power P of light source to be measured, final to realize to be measured
The frequency and power detection of infrared signal.
The above-described embodiments merely illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention.It is any ripe
The personage for knowing this technology all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, carries out modifications and changes to above-described embodiment.Cause
This, institute is complete without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed in the present invention by those of ordinary skill in the art such as
At all equivalent modifications or change, should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the faint infrared signal detection device based on coaxial cavity microwave resonance principle, it is characterised in that: including vacuum and low temperature cabin
(10), sapphire window (9), optics frequency division system (1), the coaxial cavity infrared signal being embedded on the bulkhead of vacuum and low temperature cabin detect
System (2), data Collection & Processing System, optics frequency division system and coaxial cavity infrared signal detection system are all located at vacuum and low temperature
Inside cabin, optics frequency division system (1) successively includes off axis paraboloid mirror focus lamp, optical fiber (17) and more along the infrared signal direction of propagation
Channel raster (18), optics frequency division system (1) is used to infrared signal to be measured carrying out total-light-reflection transformation, and is transmitted to through optical fiber more
Channel raster (18) carries out frequency-division section and divides Channel Processing；Coaxial cavity infrared signal detection system (2) passes through multi-dimensional moving platform
(21) position adjusting is carried out to detect each channel, each frequency range infrared signal；Data Collection & Processing System is red to coaxial cavity
External signal detection system (2) carries out data extract real-time and processing.
2. the faint infrared signal detection device according to claim 1 based on coaxial cavity microwave resonance principle, feature
Be: the optics frequency division system (1) successively includes infrared filter (11), diaphragm for eliminating stray light along the infrared signal direction of propagation
(12), the big focus lamp of off axis paraboloid mirror (13), field stop (14), the small focus lamp of off axis paraboloid mirror (15), chopper (16), light
Fine (17), multichannel grating (18), the infrared filter (11) are tightly attached to sapphire window (9) rear end；The veiling glare light that disappears
Late (12) are located between infrared filter (11) and the big focus lamp of off axis paraboloid mirror (13)；The big focus lamp of off axis paraboloid mirror
(13) focal point between the small focus lamp of off axis paraboloid mirror (15) is placed with field stop (14)；The off axis paraboloid mirror is small poly-
Chopper (16) are placed between burnt mirror (15) and optical fiber (17)；The multichannel grating (18) is placed in optical fiber (17) rear end；
Infrared signal to be measured enters in vacuum and low temperature cabin through sapphire window, is entered by infrared filter (11) and diaphragm for eliminating stray light (12)
It is mapped on the big focus lamp of off axis paraboloid mirror (13), hereafter, by the big focus lamp of off axis paraboloid mirror (13) and the small focusing of off axis paraboloid mirror
Mirror (15) carries out total-light-reflection transformation, is transmitted to multichannel grating (18) by optical fiber (17) after being regulated and controled by chopper (16)
On, a point channel is carried out to infrared signal to be detected by multichannel grating (18), a point direction is handled.
3. the faint infrared signal detection device according to claim 2 based on coaxial cavity microwave resonance principle, feature
Be: the big focus lamp of off axis paraboloid mirror (13) and the small focus lamp of off axis paraboloid mirror (15) use quartz for matrix, matrix table
Face is coated with gold or silver metal reflectance coating and medium protection film.
4. the faint infrared signal detection device according to claim 2 based on coaxial cavity microwave resonance principle, feature
Be: the multichannel grating (18) is made of sapphire, 2-6 μm of infrared signal can be carried out multichannel scaling down processing,
And each passable infrared wavelength range difference of channel, resolution ratio are less than 200nm.
5. the faint infrared signal detection device according to claim 1 based on coaxial cavity microwave resonance principle, feature
Be: the coaxial cavity infrared signal detection system includes coaxial resonant cavity (19), multi-dimensional moving platform (21), infrared sensitization material
To expect (20), the coaxial resonant cavity (19) is fixed on multi-dimensional moving platform (21), and coaxial resonant cavity (19) is made of brass,
Coaxial resonant cavity (19) surfaces externally and internally is all successively coated with silver, golden metallic diaphragm, working frequency range 1-8GHz, quality factor 10,000
More than, and with 6 or more usable resonance frequencies, it is the coaxial of 3.5mm that depth is provided at the center of coaxial resonant cavity top
Resonant cavity instrument connection (24), for placing infrared sensitized material (20)；Above and below being carried out in the multi-dimensional moving platform, or so,
Front and back, the angle four-dimension are adjusted；The infrared sensitized material (20) is used as matrix, the coating of matrix bottom end using glass epoxy or quartz
There is the infrared sensitized material coating for there are different response characteristics under different infrared radiation power.
6. the faint infrared signal detection device according to claim 1 based on coaxial cavity microwave resonance principle, feature
Be: the data Collection & Processing System includes vector network analyzer (3), sequence controlled computer (4), vector network analyzer
(3) by microwave cable (8) connection coaxial resonant cavity (19), the sequence controlled computer (4) passes through process control vector network point
Analyzer (3) extracts the microwave property parameter of coaxial resonant cavity under different location, and red according to the calculating of microwave resonance principle
The dielectric constant and loss angle tangent of outer sensitized material.
7. the faint infrared signal detection device according to claim 1 based on coaxial cavity microwave resonance principle, feature
Be: vacuum and low temperature cabin inner surface is pasted with infrared wave-absorbing material, and operating frequency range covers close, middle infrared band.
8. the faint infrared signal detection device according to claim 1 based on coaxial cavity microwave resonance principle, feature
It is: further includes being respectively communicated to vacuum and low temperature cabin (10) internal liquid nitrogen circulating refrigerator (6) and vacuum pump (7), the liquid
Nitrogen cycle refrigeration machine (6) is used for provide ultra-low temperature surroundings in vacuum and low temperature cabin (10), and the vacuum pump (7) uses molecule pump machine
Vacuum degree in vacuum and low temperature cabin can be reduced to 1Pa by group.
9. carrying out the faint infrared letter based on coaxial cavity microwave resonance principle to 8 any one described devices according to claim 1
Number detection method, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
Step 1: optics frequency division system, coaxial cavity infrared signal detection system are placed in vacuum and low temperature cabin, and carry out device
Adjustment connects sequence controlled computer and vector network analyzer so that infrared signal detection route is unimpeded, connection coaxial resonant cavity with
Vector network analyzer, connection liquid nitrogen circulating refrigerator and vacuum and low temperature cabin, connection vacuum pump and vacuum and low temperature cabin；
Step 2: vaccum-pumping equipment is opened, by vacuum and low temperature cabin air pressure drop down to 1Pa hereinafter, unlatching liquid nitrogen circulating refrigerator will be true
Empty low temperature chamber is down to -190 DEG C；
Step 3: before infrared sources are placed in sapphire window, infrared signal enters vacuum and low temperature cabin through sapphire window
It is interior, reach the big focus lamp of off axis paraboloid mirror after infrared filter and diaphragm for eliminating stray light, then through the big focus lamp of off axis paraboloid mirror and
Hereafter the wave beam that the field stop arrival small focus lamp of off axis paraboloid mirror forms high convergence collimation passes through after being regulated and controled by chopper
On fibre optic rediation to multichannel grating, infrared beams are finally subjected to frequency-division section by multichannel grating and divide transmission；
Step 4: multi-dimensional moving platform is adjusted, so that coaxial resonant cavity is located at other than multichannel grating infrared signal transmission channel,
By sequence controlled computer and vector network analyzer to the infrared sensitization being located inside coaxial resonant cavity instrument connection under the state
Material is tested, and the dielectric constant of sensitized material infrared under the state is denoted as ε0, loss angle tangent is denoted as tan δ0；
Step 5: multi-dimensional moving platform is adjusted, so that it is λ that coaxial resonant cavity, which is located at multichannel grating infrared wavelength,1Channel direction
On, after stablizing, the infrared sensitized material under the state is tested by sequence controlled computer and vector network analyzer, it will
The dielectric constant of infrared sensitized material is denoted as ε under the state1, loss angle tangent is denoted as tan δ1；
Step 6: infrared sensitized material dielectric constant knots modification after opening infrared signal predose is calculated by step 4 and step 5
Δε1, loss angle tangent knots modification Δ tan δ1, calculation method is as follows:
Δε1=ε1-ε0
Δtanδ1=tan δ1-tanδ0
Step 7: the radiant power P by changing infrared sources, obtaining infrared wavelength under different radiant powers is λ1Corresponding
Δ ε1With Δ tan δ1, further, by the statistics and arrangement to record data, obtaining infrared wavelength is λ1Corresponding P- Δ
ε1With P-Δ tan δ1Data statistic；
Step 8: multi-dimensional moving platform is adjusted, so that it is λ that coaxial resonant cavity, which is located at multichannel grating infrared wavelength,2Channel direction
On, after stablizing, repeat step 5, step 6 and step 7 and obtain infrared wavelength to be λ2Corresponding P- Δ ε2With P-Δ tan δ2's
Data statistic, and so on, obtain the different a length of λ of infrared wavesnCorresponding P- Δ εnWith P-Δ tan δnData statistic；
Step 9: the to be measured infrared sources unknown to radiant power detect, and calculate different infrared wavelengths under the radiant power
λnΔ ε on channel directionnWith Δ tan δnValue, and consult through the obtained different a length of λ of infrared waves of step 8nIt is corresponding
P- Δ εnWith P-Δ tan δnData statistic obtains the size of the radiant power P of light source to be measured, final to realize to be measured infrared
The frequency and power detection of signal.
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