CN109028757B - 一种利用液化天然气冷能的塔顶进料焦炉煤气回收系统 - Google Patents
一种利用液化天然气冷能的塔顶进料焦炉煤气回收系统 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种利用液化天然气冷能的塔顶进料焦炉煤气回收系统，液化天然气罐中的液化天然气进入第一个冷能回收单元中进行换热，与冷媒换热后的天然气加压后外输；冷媒作为脱C1精馏塔的冷源并提供冷能后进入第二个冷能回收单元再与第一个冷能回收单元形成循环；脱C1精馏塔塔顶的富H2流股通过第三个冷能回收单元回收冷量，焦炉煤气经换热的富H2流股提纯后制取氨；焦炉煤气同时进入第二个冷能回收单元中预冷后作为脱C2精馏塔的进料从塔顶进入精馏塔中分离出C2组分。本发明能够高效利用液化天然气在气化时产生的冷能将焦炉煤气中的高附加值组分逐一分离，得到纯度较高的高附加值产品C2H4和富H2气体并加以利用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及焦炉煤气回收利用技术领域，具体涉及一种利用液化天气热冷能对焦炉煤气进行回收的系统。
背景技术
焦炉煤气是炼焦工业生产中产生的混合气体,其组成成分比例,随着炼焦技术与生产条件的不同而存在差别。经过除水、硫等工艺后的焦炉煤气中含有H2、C2H4等高附加值组分，回收难度高，目前并没有很好的回收利用方法，一些厂家则选择将其当做普通燃料烧掉，资源浪费严重。
液化天然气在气化时可以提供大量的冷能及高品质的低温位冷量，但是上述低温位冷量也未得到合理的利用，同样损耗了宝贵的能源。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明提供了一种利用液化天然气冷能的塔顶进料焦炉煤气回收系统，能够高效利用液化天然气在气化时产生的冷能将焦炉煤气中的高附加值组分逐一分离，得到纯度较高的高附加值产品C2H4和富H2气体并加以利用。
一种利用液化天然气冷能的塔顶进料焦炉煤气回收系统，该系统包括液化天然气罐、第一冷能回收单元、第二冷能回收单元、第三冷能回收单元、脱C1精馏塔、脱C2精馏塔、净化单元、变压吸附单元和合成氨单元；
其中，第一冷能回收单元、第二冷能回收单元和第三冷能回收单元的结构相同，都具有冷媒进出口和介质进出口；
所述液化天然气罐连通第一冷能回收单元的介质进口，液化天然气换热气化后经介质出口向外输出给用户；第三冷能回收单元的冷媒出口与第一冷能回收单元的冷媒入口连通，第一冷能回收单元的冷媒出口与脱C1精馏塔塔顶连通，脱C1精馏塔侧面的冷媒出口和产物出口分别连通第三冷能回收单元和第二冷能回收单元的冷媒入口；第二冷能回收单元的冷媒出口连通变压吸附单元和合成氨单元；
所述净化单元的入口接入外部的焦炉煤气，净化单元的出口分为两路后分别连接第二冷能回收单元和第三冷能回收单元的介质入口，第二冷能回收单元的介质出口连接脱C2精馏塔，第三冷能回收单元的介质出口连接在第二冷能回收单元和脱C2精馏塔中间的管路上，脱C2精馏塔的塔顶连通脱C1精馏塔的塔顶。
进一步地，所述脱C1精馏塔和脱C2精馏塔的底部具有塔底产物分离出口。
进一步地，所述第二冷能回收单元的冷媒进口和出口接入的冷媒是脱C1精馏塔中分离出的富H2流股。
有益效果：
本发明将焦炉煤气中的高附加值成分通过液化天然气在气化时提供的冷能进行有效地回收和利用，充分利用了液化天然气提供的优质冷能和焦炉煤气资源，实现了经济效益地最大化，同时也符合国家节能减排的总体要求。
附图说明
图1为本发明的系统组成原理示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图并举实施例，对本发明进行详细描述。
如附图1所示，本发明提供了一种利用液化天然气冷能的塔顶进料焦炉煤气回收系统，该系统包括液化天然气罐、第一冷能回收单元、第二冷能回收单元、第三冷能回收单元、脱C1精馏塔、脱C2精馏塔、净化单元、变压吸附单元和合成氨单元；
脱C1精馏塔的功能是将焦炉煤气中含有一个碳原子的烃类有机物分离出来，如甲烷；脱C2精馏塔是将含有两个碳原子的烃类有机物分离出来，如乙烷和乙烯。
其中，第一冷能回收单元、第二冷能回收单元和第三冷能回收单元的结构相同，都具有冷媒进出口和介质进出口；脱C1精馏塔和脱C2精馏塔的底部具有塔底产物分离出口。
液化天然气罐连通第一冷能回收单元的介质进口，液化天然气换热气化后经介质出口向外输出给用户；第三冷能回收单元的冷媒出口与第一冷能回收单元的冷媒入口连通，第一冷能回收单元的冷媒出口与脱C1精馏塔塔顶连通，脱C1精馏塔的冷媒出口和产物出口分别连通第三冷能回收单元和第二冷能回收单元的冷媒入口；第二冷能回收单元的冷媒出口连通变压吸附单元和合成氨单元；
净化单元的入口接入外部的焦炉煤气，净化单元的出口分为两路后分别连接第二冷能回收单元和第三冷能回收单元的介质入口，第二冷能回收单元的介质出口连接脱C2精馏塔，第三冷能回收单元的介质出口连接在第二冷能回收单元和脱C2精馏塔中间的管路上，脱C2精馏塔的塔顶连通脱C1精馏塔的塔顶。
工作原理：液化天然气(LNG)从储罐输出加压到特定压力的液化天然气1进入第一冷能回收单元，在第一冷能回收单元中液化天然气气化，将冷能传递给气态冷媒4，气态冷媒4由气态变为液态冷媒3，储存冷能；与冷媒换热后的天然气2加压后外输，供天然气用户使用。
液态冷媒3作为脱C1精馏塔塔顶的冷源，为脱C1精馏塔提供需求要冷量后的冷媒6循环进入第三冷能回收单元进一步回收冷媒中的冷量，用以预冷经过净化处理后的焦炉煤气15；经过第三冷能回收单元回收冷量后的气态冷媒4返回到第一冷能回收单元继续储存液化天然气中的冷能。
脱C1精馏塔的进料来自脱C2精馏塔的塔顶馏分8，脱C1精馏塔塔底分离出C1液相组分5，塔顶分离出的馏分主要为H2，另外还含少量的N2、Ar、CO等组分。脱C1精馏塔塔顶分离出的富H2流股9通过第二冷能回收单元来回收冷量，冷却经过净化后的焦炉煤气13，然后经过换热的富H2流股14进入变压吸附系统对H2进一步提纯；提纯后的高纯氢气18与外购氮气19进入合成氨生产装置制取氨20。
经过脱S、脱H2O处理后的焦炉煤气17进入净化系统脱除CO216。净化后的焦炉煤气13进入第二冷能回收单元中，通过回收脱C1塔塔顶的富H2流股9中的冷量而被冷却，焦炉煤气13由气态变为气液两相混合态12。净化后的焦炉煤气15进入第三冷能回收单元中，通过回收气态冷媒6中的冷量而被预冷，焦炉煤气15由气态变为气液两相混合态7，被第三冷能回收单元进一步回收冷量的其他冷媒4返回到第一冷能回收单元中。
被冷却后的气液混合态焦炉煤气7与焦炉煤气12混合，混合后的气液混合态焦炉煤气10作为脱C2精馏塔的进料从塔顶进入精馏塔中；脱C2精馏塔塔底分离出C2组分11，主要是乙烯组分，塔顶分离的轻组分8作为原料进入脱出C1精馏塔。
以某厂50000Nm3/h的焦炉煤气利用为例：焦炉煤气的组成为H2 57.00％、N25.00％、CO 7.00％、O2 0.50％、CH4 25.00％、CO2 3.00％、C2H4 2.50％。该工艺可年生产1.1万吨C2H4产品和7万吨LNG(CH4)产品，此外，富H2气体经过变压吸附系统进变为高纯氢气，高纯氢气与外购(或厂内产品)氮气进入合成氨生产装置生产出氨产品。可实现10万吨/年的合成氨产品生产，具有极大的经济效益。
综上所述，以上仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非用于限定本发明的保护范围。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (3)
1.一种利用液化天然气冷能的塔顶进料焦炉煤气回收系统，其特征在于，该系统包括液化天然气罐、第一冷能回收单元、第二冷能回收单元、第三冷能回收单元、脱C1精馏塔、脱C2精馏塔、净化单元、变压吸附单元和合成氨单元；
其中，第一冷能回收单元、第二冷能回收单元和第三冷能回收单元的结构相同，都具有冷媒进出口和介质进出口；
所述液化天然气罐连通第一冷能回收单元的介质进口，液化天然气换热气化后经介质出口向外输出给用户；第三冷能回收单元的冷媒出口与第一冷能回收单元的冷媒入口连通，第一冷能回收单元的冷媒出口与脱C1精馏塔塔顶连通，脱C1精馏塔侧面的冷媒出口和产物出口分别连通第三冷能回收单元和第二冷能回收单元的冷媒入口；第二冷能回收单元的冷媒出口连通变压吸附单元和合成氨单元；
所述净化单元的入口接入外部的焦炉煤气，净化单元的出口分为两路后分别连接第二冷能回收单元和第三冷能回收单元的介质入口，第二冷能回收单元的介质出口连接脱C2精馏塔，第三冷能回收单元的介质出口连接在第二冷能回收单元和脱C2精馏塔中间的管路上，脱C2精馏塔的塔顶连通脱C1精馏塔的塔顶。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种利用液化天然气冷能的塔顶进料焦炉煤气回收系统，所述第二冷能回收单元的冷媒进口和出口接入的冷媒是脱C1精馏塔中分离出的富H2流股。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的一种利用液化天然气冷能的塔顶进料焦炉煤气回收系统，其特征在于，所述脱C1精馏塔和脱C2精馏塔的底部具有塔底产物分离出口。
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