CN109024544B - Hydraulic high-frequency compaction treatment method for collapsible loess tunnel substrate - Google Patents
Hydraulic high-frequency compaction treatment method for collapsible loess tunnel substrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN109024544B CN109024544B CN201810705955.5A CN201810705955A CN109024544B CN 109024544 B CN109024544 B CN 109024544B CN 201810705955 A CN201810705955 A CN 201810705955A CN 109024544 B CN109024544 B CN 109024544B
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- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
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Abstract
The invention provides a hydraulic high-frequency compaction processing method for a collapsible loess tunnel substrate, which comprises the steps of finding out the geological condition of a foundation soil layer and the thickness of the collapsible loess soil layer in a foundation simulation processing range, and determining the non-vibration compaction processing thickness of the foundation soil; sampling and carrying out related indoor geotechnical tests; determining the maximum vibration wave speed; determining the arrangement mode of pile hole planes, the pile spacing, the hole forming sequence and marking lines; installing a hydraulic high-frequency controllable device on an excavator, debugging and recording parameters such as construction vibration wave speed, system pressure, processing speed and the like; the excavator drives into the tunnel cavern, presses the hole forming device into the substrate soil layer, when reaching the design depth, pulls out the hole forming device to form a compaction hole; tamping the compacted holes with lime soil or cement soil in layers or quickly pouring semi-rigid pile-forming materials, and vibrating and compacting; and by parity of reasoning, forming a composite foundation and completing hydraulic high-frequency compaction treatment of the collapsible loess tunnel substrate. The treatment method can improve the construction speed and effectively overcome the problems in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of loess foundation treatment, and relates to a hydraulic high-frequency compaction treatment method for a collapsible loess tunnel substrate; the treatment method can also be used for compaction treatment and precast pile pressing treatment of a roadbed, a foundation and a foundation in a narrow space.
Background
The high-speed railway passes through the loess beams, the tablelands and the loess hills in a tunnel mode, and the overall stability of the tunnel is greatly influenced by the strength of loess surrounding rocks and the foundation. In order to ensure the stability and smoothness of the high-speed railway tunnel in the loess area, the substrate is processed according to the high standard requirement of the tunnel.
At present, the loess tunnel foundation treatment method mainly comprises a rotary spraying pile method, a tree root pile method, a filling and padding layer changing method, a heavy hammer impact compaction method, a non-vibration compaction method and the like. The rotary jet grouting pile method is poor in environment when working in the tunnel, has large cross influence with tunnel excavation construction, grouting slurry is difficult to control, secondary pollution can be caused to the tunnel construction environment, and loess of a tunnel foundation is caused to generate additional collapse deformation; when the tree root pile method is adopted, the problems that the reinforcing range of a single pile is limited, the integral reinforcing quality is not good to check, and the loess collapsibility among the piles is difficult to completely eliminate exist; when the method of filling and replacing the cushion layer is adopted, the treatment depth is shallow, the tunnel excavation section is increased during construction, the bearing capacity of the arch springing is weakened, the safety risk that the overall stability of the tunnel is reduced due to bottom instability exists, and the tamping construction of the cushion layer generates larger vibration; when the heavy hammer impact compaction method is adopted, the method has large cross influence with other procedures, and the construction vibration is large, so that the tunnel collapse accident is easy to cause; when the non-vibration compaction method is adopted, the construction speed is slow, and the defect of cross influence with other procedures is also existed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hydraulic high-frequency compaction treatment method for a collapsible loess tunnel substrate, which does not cross and influence other procedures and meets the high standard requirement of loess tunnel substrate treatment of a high-speed railway.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a hydraulic high-frequency compaction treatment method for a collapsible loess tunnel substrate specifically comprises the following steps:
1) in the foundation simulation treatment range, finding out the geological condition of a foundation soil layer, finding out the thickness of a collapsible loess layer and determining the non-vibration compaction treatment thickness of the foundation soil; taking an original sample, and carrying out related indoor geotechnical tests on basic parameters of each soil layer, such as water content, density, soil particle specific gravity, pore ratio, collapsibility coefficient and the like; determining the pile hole arrangement mode and the pile spacing when no vibration compaction treatment is carried out; determining the maximum vibration wave speed to be controlled for safety construction in the tunnel;
2) determining the pile hole plane arrangement mode, the pile spacing and the hole forming sequence in the hydraulic high-frequency compaction treatment, and marking;
3) taking a hydraulic high-frequency controllable device, wherein the hydraulic high-frequency controllable device comprises a hole forming device and a square annular base piece, and two clamping pieces are arranged in an inner hole of the base piece; one clamping piece is fixedly connected with the base piece, a hydraulic cylinder and a lapping piece are respectively installed on two side walls, oppositely arranged, of the base piece, a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder extends into an inner hole of the base piece and is fixedly connected with the other clamping piece, the other clamping piece can reciprocate along the axial direction of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, and hydraulic vibration exciters are installed on two side walls, oppositely arranged, of the base piece;
the hydraulic high-frequency controllable device is installed on the excavator through the lap joint piece, and a hydraulic pipe on a hydraulic cylinder in the hydraulic high-frequency controllable device and a hydraulic pipe on a hydraulic vibration exciter are respectively connected with a hydraulic control system of the excavator; longitudinally penetrating the hole forming device between the two clamping pieces, starting a hydraulic cylinder through a hydraulic control system, and enabling a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder to push the clamping piece fixedly connected with the hydraulic cylinder to move towards the other clamping piece so as to clamp the hole forming device; debugging the hydraulic high-frequency controllable device, and recording parameters such as construction vibration wave speed, system pressure, processing rate and the like in detail during debugging;
4) the excavator drives into a tunnel cave chamber, machines and tools are put in place according to the position of a substrate processing plane arrangement placing line, a hydraulic high-frequency controllable device is moved through a swing arm of the excavator, the conical tip of a hole forming device is aligned to the center of a compaction hole, the hole forming device is vertically and vertically arranged, then a hydraulic vibration exciter is started to press the hole forming device into a substrate soil layer, and when the designed depth is reached, the hydraulic vibration exciter is reversely started to pull the hole forming device out of the substrate soil layer to form the compaction hole;
5) tamping lime soil or cement soil in layers into the compaction holes, then carrying out the operation of the next compaction hole according to the step 4), tamping the lime soil or the cement soil in layers into the next compaction hole, and repeating the steps to finally form a composite foundation, thereby completing the hydraulic high-frequency compaction treatment of the collapsible loess tunnel substrate;
or, quickly pouring a semi-rigid pile-forming material into the compaction hole, and vibrating and compacting; after the semi-rigid pile-forming material is initially set, performing the operation of the next compaction hole according to the step 4), quickly pouring the semi-rigid pile-forming material into the next compaction hole, and vibrating and compacting; and by parity of reasoning, a composite foundation is finally formed, and hydraulic high-frequency compaction treatment of the collapsible loess tunnel substrate is completed.
Compared with the prior art, the treatment method has the following advantages:
1. the method is developed on the basis of comparing and analyzing advantages and disadvantages of the existing substrate processing method by taking high standard requirements of high-speed railway loess tunnel substrate processing as starting points, and has the characteristics of strong pertinence and strong practicability.
2. The hydraulic high-frequency controllable device used for foundation treatment can be carried on an excavator or a loader which is commonly used in tunnel construction, the excavator or the loader is used as a moving and power carrier, and the foundation is treated by quickly pressing in a compaction hole former or a precast pile.
3. The construction speed can be improved, the defect of low construction speed when a vibration-free compaction method is adopted can be effectively overcome, the large vibration generated by large-area excavation by a filling pad replacing method or a lime soil (cement soil) impact compaction pile method during the existing tunnel foundation treatment can be avoided, and the defects that in the prior art, the tree root piles and the high-pressure jet grouting piles basically have no elimination effect on the loess collapsibility of the inter-pile soil and cause pollution to the environment or additional collapsible deformation to the collapsible loess foundation are overcome.
4. The method is not only suitable for reinforcement treatment of collapsible loess tunnel foundations, but also can be used for reinforcement treatment of foundations such as houses, roads and the like in collapsible loess areas and soft soil areas, and can realize vertical and inclined compaction hole forming or pressing in of precast piles or steel pipe piles.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a general assembly diagram of the hydraulic high frequency controllable device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the hydraulic high frequency controllable device shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second clamping piece in the hydraulic high-frequency controllable device.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a first connecting plate of the hydraulic high-frequency controllable device according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a hydraulic high-frequency controllable device in conjunction with an excavator.
FIG. 6 is a construction drawing of the hydraulic high-frequency controllable device in a tunnel.
In the figure: 1. the device comprises a base piece, 2, a first hydraulic vibration exciter, 3, a hydraulic cylinder, 4, a first clamping piece, 5, a second hydraulic vibration exciter, 6, a second clamping piece, 7, a bridging piece, 8, a hole forming device, 9, a flange, 10, a mounting hole, 11, a clamping piece body, 12, a clamping surface, 13, a screw hole, 14, a first connecting plate, 15, a second connecting plate, 16, a connecting plate body, 17, a positioning hole, 18, a groove, 19, a hydraulic high-frequency controllable device, 20, an excavator, 21, a tunnel chamber, 22, a base stratum and 23, an extrusion hole.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
The invention provides a hydraulic high-frequency compaction treatment method for a collapsible loess tunnel substrate, which comprises the following steps of:
1) substrate processing preparation
In the foundation planning treatment range, according to the specific requirements of geotechnical engineering survey specifications, the geological condition of a foundation soil layer is found out, the thickness of a collapsible loess layer is found out, and the non-vibration compaction treatment thickness of the foundation soil is determined; taking an original sample, and carrying out related indoor geotechnical tests on basic parameters of water content, density, soil particle specific gravity, pore ratio, collapsibility coefficient and the like of each soil layer according to the specific requirements of geotechnical test regulations; determining pile hole arrangement mode and pile spacing during non-vibration compaction treatment according to relevant standard such as collapsible loess area building standard and building foundation treatment technical standard; determining the maximum vibration wave speed to be controlled for safety construction in the tunnel;
for example, the treatment of the tunnel substrate of the Wheatanbauer collapsible loess has the treatment layer thickness of 8 +/-0.3 m, the arrangement mode of pile holes is that regular triangles are in a plum blossom shape, the pile spacing is 700 +/-5 mm, and the final hole diameter of hydraulic high-frequency compaction holes is 300 +/-5 mm.
2) Substrate processing floorplan payoff
Determining the pile hole plane arrangement mode, the pile spacing and the hole forming sequence in the hydraulic high-frequency compaction treatment, and marking;
3) taking a hydraulic high-frequency controllable device 19 with a structure shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, wherein the hydraulic high-frequency controllable device 19 comprises a hole forming device 8 and a cuboid-shaped base piece 1, a rectangular mounting hole 10 is formed in the base piece 1, and a first clamping piece 4 and a second clamping piece 6 are arranged in the mounting hole 10;
the first clip 4 and the second clip 6 have the same structure, and the second clip 6 is taken as an example for description: the second clip 6 includes a rectangular parallelepiped clip body 11, one end surface of the clip body 11 is a concave arc surface, the concave arc surface is a clamping surface 12, and at least two screw holes 13 penetrating through the clip body 11 are processed on the clamping surface 12, as shown in fig. 3.
The first clamping piece 4 and the second clamping piece 6 are both positioned in the mounting hole, and a clamping surface 12 on the first clamping piece 4 is opposite to a clamping surface 12 on the second clamping piece 6; first clamping piece 4 passes through bolt and base member 1 rigid coupling, the lateral wall outside rigid coupling that base member 1 rigid coupling has first clamping piece 4 has overlap joint 7, install flange 9 on the lateral wall relative with the lateral wall that the rigid coupling has first clamping piece 4 on the base member 1, install pneumatic cylinder 3 on the flange 9, the piston rod of pneumatic cylinder 3 passes in the lateral wall of base member 1 stretches into mounting hole 10, and through bolt and the rigid coupling of second clamping piece 6, the axis direction reciprocating motion of pneumatic cylinder 3 piston rod is also followed to second clamping piece 6.
The other two side walls of the base piece 1 are respectively provided with a first connecting plate 14 and a second connecting plate 15, the first connecting plate 14 is provided with a first hydraulic vibration exciter 2, and the second connecting plate 15 is provided with a second hydraulic vibration exciter 15. Two strip-shaped holes are processed on two side walls of the connecting plate for mounting the base piece 1.
The first connecting plate 14 and the second connecting plate 15 have the same structure, and the second connecting plate 15 is taken as an example for description: the second connecting plate 15 comprises a cuboid connecting plate body 16, a groove 18 is formed in one end face of the connecting plate body 16, two positioning blocks 17 are arranged on the bottom face of the groove 18, and the shape and size of each positioning block 17 and the mutual positions of the two positioning blocks 17 are matched with the shape and size of two strip-shaped holes in the side wall of the base member 1 and the mutual positions of the two strip-shaped holes.
The locating piece 17 stretches into the bar-shaped hole, and the recess 18 card is on base member 1, and first even board 14 and second even board 15 all with base member 1 rigid coupling, install first hydraulic vibration exciter 2 on the first even board 14, install second hydraulic vibration exciter 5 on the second even board 15.
The hydraulic high-frequency controllable device 19 is mounted on the excavator 20 through the bridge 7, as shown in fig. 5; and a hydraulic pipe on the hydraulic cylinder 3 and a hydraulic pipe on the hydraulic vibration exciter in the hydraulic high-frequency controllable device 19 are respectively connected with a hydraulic control system of the excavator 20. The hole forming device 8 longitudinally penetrates between the first clamping piece 4 and the second clamping piece 6, the hydraulic cylinder 3 is started through the hydraulic control system, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 3 pushes the second clamping piece 6 to move towards the first clamping piece 4 so as to clamp the hole forming device 8. Debugging the hydraulic high-frequency controllable device 19, and recording parameters such as construction vibration wave speed, system pressure, processing speed and the like in detail during debugging;
4) hydraulic high-frequency compaction treatment of substrate
Driving an excavator 20 into a tunnel cavern 21, carrying out machine tool positioning according to a substrate processing plane arrangement position, moving a hydraulic high-frequency controllable device 19 through a swing arm of the excavator 20, aligning a conical tip of a hole forming device 8 to the center position of a compaction hole, vertically arranging the hole forming device 8, starting a hydraulic vibration exciter to press the hole forming device 8 into a substrate soil layer 22, and when the designed depth is reached, reversely starting the hydraulic vibration exciter to pull the hole forming device 8 out of the substrate soil layer 22 to form a compaction hole 23, as shown in fig. 6;
5) pile forming by extruding hole
After the compaction holes 23 are formed in the basement soil layer 22 in the loess tunnel:
tamping lime soil or cement soil into the compaction holes 23 in layers, then, carrying out the operation of the next compaction hole 23 according to the step 4), tamping lime soil or cement soil into the next compaction hole 23 in layers, and so on to finally form a composite foundation;
or, low-grade silicate concrete or low-grade fly ash concrete and other semi-rigid pile forming materials are quickly poured into the compaction holes 23 and are compacted through vibration; after the semi-rigid pile-forming material is initially set, performing the operation of the next compaction hole 23 according to the step 4), quickly pouring the semi-rigid pile-forming material into the next compaction hole 23, and vibrating and compacting; and so on, finally forming the composite foundation.
Claims (2)
1. A hydraulic high-frequency compaction treatment method for a collapsible loess tunnel substrate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) in the foundation simulation treatment range, finding out the geological condition of a foundation soil layer, finding out the thickness of a collapsible loess layer and determining the non-vibration compaction treatment thickness of the foundation soil; taking an original sample, and carrying out related indoor geotechnical tests on basic parameters of the water content, the density, the soil particle specific gravity, the pore ratio and the collapsibility coefficient of each soil layer; determining the pile hole arrangement mode and the pile spacing when no vibration compaction treatment is carried out; determining the maximum vibration wave speed to be controlled for safety construction in the tunnel;
2) determining the pile hole plane arrangement mode, the pile spacing and the hole forming sequence in the hydraulic high-frequency compaction treatment, and marking;
3) a hydraulic high-frequency controllable device (19) is taken, the hydraulic high-frequency controllable device (19) comprises a hole forming device (8) and a square annular base piece (1), and two clamping pieces are arranged in an inner hole of the base piece (1); one clamping piece is fixedly connected with the base piece (1), a hydraulic cylinder (3) and a lapping piece (7) are respectively installed on two opposite side walls of the base piece (1), a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (3) extends into an inner hole of the base piece (1) and is fixedly connected with the other clamping piece, the other clamping piece can reciprocate along the axial direction of a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (3), hydraulic vibration exciters are installed on the other two opposite side walls of the base piece (1), and when the device is used, a hole forming device (8) is inserted between the two clamping pieces;
the hydraulic high-frequency controllable device (19) is installed on an excavator (20) through a lapping piece (7), and a hydraulic pipe on a hydraulic cylinder (3) in the hydraulic high-frequency controllable device (19) and a hydraulic pipe on a hydraulic vibration exciter are respectively connected with a hydraulic control system of the excavator (20); longitudinally penetrating the hole forming device (8) between the two clamping pieces, starting the hydraulic cylinder (3) through a hydraulic control system, and enabling a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (3) to push the clamping piece fixedly connected with the hydraulic cylinder (3) to move towards the other clamping piece so as to clamp the hole forming device (8); debugging the hydraulic high-frequency controllable device (19), and recording construction vibration wave speed, system pressure and processing rate parameters in detail in the debugging;
4) driving an excavator (20) into a tunnel cavern (21), carrying out machine tool positioning according to a substrate processing plane arrangement laying line position, moving a hydraulic high-frequency controllable device (19) through a swing arm of the excavator (20), aligning a conical tip of a hole forming device (8) to the center position of a dense hole, vertically arranging the hole forming device (8), starting a hydraulic vibration exciter to press the hole forming device (8) into a substrate soil layer (22), and when the designed depth is reached, reversely starting the hydraulic vibration exciter to pull the hole forming device (8) out of the substrate soil layer (22) to form a dense hole (23);
5) tamping and filling lime soil or cement soil into the compaction holes (23) layer by layer, then carrying out the operation of the next compaction hole (23) according to the step 4), tamping and filling lime soil or cement soil into the next compaction hole (23) layer by layer, and so on, finally forming a composite foundation, and completing the hydraulic high-frequency compaction treatment of the collapsible loess tunnel substrate;
or, a semi-rigid pile-forming material is quickly poured into the compaction hole (23) and is compacted by vibration; after the semi-rigid pile-forming material is initially set, performing operation of the next compaction hole (23) according to the step 4), quickly pouring the semi-rigid pile-forming material into the next compaction hole (23), and vibrating and compacting; and by parity of reasoning, a composite foundation is finally formed, and hydraulic high-frequency compaction treatment of the collapsible loess tunnel substrate is completed.
2. The hydraulic high-frequency compaction treatment method for the collapsible loess tunnel foundation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the semi-rigid pile-forming material in the step 5) is low grade silicate concrete or low grade fly ash concrete.
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| JP2729969B2 (en) * | 1990-03-29 | 1998-03-18 | 株式会社高橋エンジニアリング | Pile driver |
| CN2521258Y (en) * | 2001-12-29 | 2002-11-20 | 陈川爵 | Apparatus for placing bored concrete pile by pressure |
| CN102162246B (en) * | 2011-05-18 | 2012-09-19 | 中铁西北科学研究院有限公司 | Vibration-less compaction method of collapsible loess foundation |
| CN106120790A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2016-11-16 | 河北海创岩土工程有限公司 | The special equipment of the compacted guncreting pile of high frequency and method |
| CN107542081B (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2020-01-31 | 中冶集团武汉勘察研究院有限公司 | method for installing drainage plate of deep stone-filling site and hole-forming device used in the method |
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