CN109022709A - A kind of heating process for eliminating steel billet thermal stress - Google Patents
A kind of heating process for eliminating steel billet thermal stress Download PDFInfo
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- CN109022709A CN109022709A CN201811137367.2A CN201811137367A CN109022709A CN 109022709 A CN109022709 A CN 109022709A CN 201811137367 A CN201811137367 A CN 201811137367A CN 109022709 A CN109022709 A CN 109022709A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/30—Stress-relieving
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/34—Methods of heating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
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Abstract
The present invention relates to metallurgical technology fields, specifically disclose a kind of heating process for eliminating steel billet thermal stress.The heating process provided by the invention for eliminating steel billet thermal stress, according to the charging temperature of steel billet, formulate differential heating process, enter furnace to direction of coming out of the stove along steel billet, is divided into preheating section, bringing-up section and soaking zone in heating furnace, and be divided into 3~6 sections along steel billet length direction in bringing-up section and soaking zone, temperature control is carried out respectively, realize when steel billet enters blooming mill in the consistency of temperature, and heating, the operation of rolling along its length without thermal stress, without cracking, plasticity is good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metallurgical technology field more particularly to a kind of heating process for eliminating steel billet thermal stress.
Background technique
Heating is the necessary process of high-speed wire rolling, and the superiority and inferiority of heating quality plays decisive work to the quality of final wire rod
With.During heating, due to the thermal resistance of metal itself, inevitably there is inside and outside temperature difference in steel billet, surface temperature always than
Internal temperature rises fast, and at this moment the expansion on surface is just greater than the expansion at center, such billet surface compression chord and center by
Tensile stress then generates temperature stress, i.e. thermal stress in the inside of steel billet.If temperature gradient is excessive in heating furnace for steel billet, steel
Dilatancy is uneven everywhere for base, mutually the thermal stress of constraint generation, will cause steel billet thermal stress concentration, steel billet bending, cracking
The problems such as.Therefore, extremely important to the computer heating control of steel billet in production process, not only to ensure come out of the stove target temperature and soaking
Degree, will also guarantee steel billet when into blooming mill, overall length temperature fluctuation is small, and head and tail temperature is uniform.However, existing steel billet adds at present
Generally to guarantee the abundant heat penetration of steel billet as principle, existing main problem has thermal process: (1) workshop is using unalterable
Temperature system；(2) due to temperature setting the problem of, cannot eliminate the generation of heating steel billet process thermal stress well；(3)
The temperature uniformity of steel billet length direction in rolling is not can guarantee.
Summary of the invention
The defect of thermal stress can not be effectively eliminated for the heating process of existing steel billet, the present invention provides one and eliminates steel billet heat
The heating process of stress.
In order to solve the above technical problems, present invention provide the technical scheme that
A kind of heating process for eliminating steel billet thermal stress, comprising the following steps:
Billet heating furnace is divided into preheating section, bringing-up section and soaking zone according to steel billet conveying direction, each section respectively into
Trip temperature control, specific temperature control method are as follows:
When steel billet temperature≤100 DEG C, the temperature for controlling the preheating section is 650~700 DEG C；
When steel billet temperature >=500 DEG C, the temperature for controlling the preheating section is 830~880 DEG C；
The bringing-up section and the soaking zone are divided into 3~6 warm areas along steel billet conveying direction respectively and carry out respectively
Temperature control, and the temperature of each warm area is incremented by successively along steel billet conveying direction, wherein the temperature of the bringing-up section and the preheating section
Degree difference is 150~250 DEG C；The temperature of first soaking zone of the soaking zone is 1080~1120 DEG C, the last one soaking zone
Temperature difference with first soaking zone is 35~40 DEG C.
Compared with the existing technology, the heating process provided by the invention for eliminating steel billet thermal stress, has the advantages that
(1) in order to adapt to rhythm of production, the temperature for entering furnace for steel billet is different, has formulated different heating process, for
Different preheating temperatures is set separately in cold steel billet and hot steel billet, reduces the difference of preheating section temperature Yu steel billet self-temperature, and
In a certain range by the control of the difference of preheating section temperature and bringing-up section temperature, it reduces since cold base enters furnace and heating process
The thermal stress of the middle too fast formation of heating is concentrated and the appearance of problem of Cracking.
(2) bringing-up section and soaking zone are respectively set to 3~6 areas, carry out zone temperature control, it is identical reduces steel billet
The temperature difference of the region between bringing-up section and soaking zone reduces steel billet and generates the risk that stress collection neutralizes cracking.
(3) heating process realizes edge when steel billet enters blooming mill by controlling the temperature on steel billet length direction
The consistency of length direction temperature, and heating, in the operation of rolling without thermal stress, without cracking, plasticity is good.
Preferably, the bringing-up section and the soaking zone 3~6 areas are divided into along steel billet length direction to carry out respectively
Temperature control.
Preferably, between each section of the soaking zone, the temperature difference between adjacent two soaking zone is identical.
Soaking zone is divided into 3~6 areas, the temperature of the last one soaking zone and first soaking zone along steel billet length direction
Difference control is 35~40 DEG C, and each area's temperature is arranged at equal difference, i.e., the temperature difference between adjacent two soaking zone is 7~20 DEG C.Due to going out
Steel and entrance blooming mill are at the uniform velocity, to set 7~20 DEG C for the temperature difference between each soaking zone, can make up after coming out of the stove just
During blooming mill, each section of steel billet generation temperature drop, guarantee steel billet enter blooming mill when temperature it is consistent, avoid because
Temperature unevenness causes inside steel billet in deformation process to generate internal stress during compressive deformation, reduces the risk of steel billet cracking.
Preferably, in the bringing-up section of heating furnace, the temperature difference of first heating zone and the last one heating zone is 20~25
℃。
The temperature difference range of bringing-up section is controlled at 20~25 DEG C, can be reduced in heating furnace high-temperature area steel billet front and tail portion
Temperature difference, so that steel billet thermal stress is small, plasticity is good.
Preferably, between each area of the bringing-up section, the temperature difference between adjacent two heating zone is identical.
The temperature of preheating section not zonal control, sets 3~6 sections of progress zonal controls for bringing-up section, can be soaking zone
Zonal control is prepared, and otherwise steel billet is directly entered the zonal control of soaking zone, and steel billet head and tail temperature difference can be made too big, cause steel billet
Bending.It is equal difference arrangement by the temperature setting between each section of bringing-up section, steel billet same area can be reduced in bringing-up section and soaking zone
Between the temperature difference, reduce steel billet generate thermal stress collection neutralize cracking risk.
Preferably, when steel billet temperature >=500 DEG C, the control of first Heating Zone Temperature of the bringing-up section for 1000~
1030 DEG C, the temperature difference of first heating zone and the last one heating zone is 20~25 DEG C, and the temperature of remaining each heating zone is along steel
Base length direction is arranged at equal difference.
Preferred temprature control method can reduce the temperature difference between bringing-up section, preheating section and soaking zone, and enter for steel billet
Soaking zone carries out zonal control and prepares, and reduces the temperature difference of the same area between bringing-up section and soaking zone, drops to greatest extent
The appearance of low thermal stress concentration problem.
Preferably, when steel billet temperature≤100 DEG C, first Heating Zone Temperature control of the bringing-up section is 850~950
DEG C, the temperature difference of first heating zone and the last one heating zone is 20~25 DEG C, and the temperature of remaining each heating zone is long along steel billet
It arranges at equal difference in degree direction.
Steel billet charging temperature is influenced by rhythm of production, is divided into hot base (>=500 DEG C) and cold base (100 DEG C of <) enters two kinds of feelings of furnace
Condition.If the heating cycle of cold base and hot base is just the same, then cold base is in the bringing-up section for just entering furnace, the temperature of steel billet itself and furnace temperature
It is larger to spend gradient difference, cold base easily forms thermal stress even cracking.Therefore according to the charging temperature of steel billet, different heating is formulated
System can provide great convenience for production, and avoid thermal stress caused by temperature gradient is excessive in heating process.
Preferred cold base heating process can reduce the appearance of steel billet thermal stress concentration problem.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
The charging temperature of square billet is 21 DEG C, and heating furnace is divided into three sections and is controlled, first segment is preheating section, and second segment is
Bringing-up section, third section are soaking zone, and square billet is heated to 700 DEG C by preheating section, and subsequently into bringing-up section, the temperature of bringing-up section is controlled
It is divided into front end, middle part, the region of rear end three along square billet length direction, the temperature of front end area is set as 950 DEG C, central region
Temperature be set as 960 DEG C, the temperature of back-end region is set as 970 DEG C, and front end, middle part, the rear end of square billet reach setting temperature
Enter soaking zone after degree, the temperature control of soaking zone is also to be divided into front end, middle part, the area of rear end three along square billet length direction
Domain, the temperature of front end area are set as 1100 DEG C, and the temperature of central region is set as 1120 DEG C, and the temperature of back-end region is set as
1140 DEG C, front end, middle part, the rear end of square billet are driven by a motor after reaching set temperature to milling train progress Rolling Production.
Embodiment 2:
The charging temperature of square billet is 85 DEG C, and heating furnace is divided into three sections and is controlled, first segment is preheating section, and second segment is
Bringing-up section, third section are soaking zone, and square billet is heated to 650 DEG C by preheating section, and subsequently into bringing-up section, the temperature of bringing-up section is controlled
Four regions are divided into along square billet length direction, the temperature of front end area is set as 850 DEG C, and intermediate two sections of temperature is respectively
857 DEG C and 864 DEG C, the temperature of back-end region is set as 871 DEG C, and square billet each section enters soaking zone after reaching set temperature,
The temperature control of soaking zone is also to be divided into four regions along square billet length direction, and the temperature of front end area is set as 1080 DEG C,
Intermediate two sections of temperature is respectively 1090 DEG C and 1110 DEG C, and the temperature of back-end region is set as 1120 DEG C, and each section of square billet is equal
It is driven by a motor after reaching set temperature to milling train progress Rolling Production.
Embodiment 3:
The charging temperature of square billet is 550 DEG C, enters furnace along square billet, direction of coming out of the stove, heating furnace is divided into three sections and is controlled, the
One section is preheating section, and second segment is bringing-up section, and third section is soaking zone, and square billet is heated to 830 DEG C by preheating section, subsequently into adding
Hot arc, the temperature of bringing-up section, which is controlled, is divided into front end, middle part, the region of rear end three, the temperature of front end area along square billet length direction
Degree is set as 1000 DEG C, and the temperature of central region is set as 1012 DEG C, and the temperature of back-end region is set as 1024 DEG C, before square billet
End, middle part, rear end enter third section soaking zone after reaching set temperature, and the temperature control of soaking zone is also along square billet length side
To front end, middle part, the region of rear end three is divided into, the temperature of front end area is set as 1120 DEG C, the temperature setting of central region
It is 1140 DEG C, the temperature of back-end region is set as 1160 DEG C, and front end, middle part, the rear end of square billet reach after set temperature by electricity
Machine drives to milling train and carries out Rolling Production.
Embodiment 4:
The charging temperature of square billet is 620 DEG C, enters furnace along square billet, direction of coming out of the stove, heating furnace is divided into three sections and is controlled, the
One section is preheating section, and second segment is bringing-up section, and third section is soaking zone, and square billet is heated to 880 DEG C by preheating section, subsequently into adding
Hot arc, the temperature of bringing-up section, which is controlled, is divided into six regions along square billet length direction, and the temperature of front end area is set as 1030 DEG C,
Intermediate four sections of temperature along steel billet length direction are respectively 1034 DEG C, 1038 DEG C, 1042 DEG C, 1046 DEG C, the temperature of back-end region
It is set as 1050 DEG C, square billet each section enters soaking zone after reaching set temperature, and the temperature control of soaking zone is also along square billet
Length direction is divided into six regions, and the temperature of front end area is set as 1100 DEG C, intermediate four sections of temperature along steel billet length direction
Degree is respectively 1107 DEG C, 1114 DEG C, 1121 DEG C, 1128 DEG C, and the temperature of back-end region is set as 1135 DEG C, and square billet each section reaches
It is driven by a motor after to set temperature to milling train and carries out Rolling Production.
Comparative example 1:
The charging temperature of square billet is 21 DEG C, and heating furnace is divided into three sections and is controlled, first segment is preheating section, and second segment is
Bringing-up section, third section are soaking zone, and square billet is heated to 850 DEG C by preheating section, and subsequently into bringing-up section, temperature is set as 1000
DEG C, square billet enters third section soaking zone after reaching set temperature, and the temperature of soaking zone is set as 1100 DEG C, and square billet reaches setting temperature
It is driven by a motor after degree to milling train and carries out Rolling Production.
Comparative example 2
The charging temperature of square billet is 85 DEG C, enters furnace along square billet, direction of coming out of the stove, heating furnace is divided into three sections and is controlled, the
One section is preheating section, and second segment is bringing-up section, and third section is soaking zone, and square billet is heated to 850 DEG C by preheating section, subsequently into adding
Hot arc, the temperature of bringing-up section are set as 1000 DEG C, and square billet enters third section soaking zone, the temperature of soaking zone after reaching set temperature
Control is also to be divided into front end, middle part, the region of rear end three along square billet length direction, and the temperature of front end area is set as 1100
DEG C, the temperature of central region is set as 1120 DEG C, and the temperature of back-end region is set as 1140 DEG C, front end, middle part, the rear end of square billet
It is driven by a motor after reaching set temperature to milling train progress Rolling Production.
Comparative example 3:
The charging temperature of square billet is 620 DEG C, and heating furnace is divided into three sections and is controlled, first segment is preheating section, second segment
For bringing-up section, third section is soaking zone, and square billet is heated to 850 DEG C by preheating section, and subsequently into bringing-up section, temperature is set as 1000
DEG C, square billet enters third section soaking zone after reaching set temperature, and the temperature of soaking zone is set as 1100 DEG C, and square billet reaches setting temperature
It is driven by a motor after degree to milling train and carries out Rolling Production.
Comparative example 4:
The charging temperature of square billet is 620 DEG C, enters furnace along square billet, direction of coming out of the stove, heating furnace is divided into three sections and is controlled, the
One section is preheating section, and second segment is bringing-up section, and third section is soaking zone, and square billet is heated to 850 DEG C by preheating section, subsequently into adding
Hot arc, the temperature of bringing-up section are set as 1000 DEG C, and square billet enters third section soaking zone, the temperature of soaking zone after reaching set temperature
Control is also to be divided into front end, middle part, the region of rear end three along square billet length direction, and the temperature of front end area is set as 1100
DEG C, the temperature of central region is set as 1120 DEG C, and the temperature of back-end region is set as 1140 DEG C, front end, middle part, the rear end of square billet
It is driven by a motor after reaching set temperature to milling train progress Rolling Production.
The embodiment 1-4 and comparative example 1-4 square billet produced, which is rolled into specification, isThe wire rod of specification, takes wire rod
It each 1000, sample, carries out surface quality pickling inspection and 1/2 cold-heading is examined.Its surface acid-washing cracking breakout and 1/2 cold-heading
Cracking rate is as shown in table 1:
Table 1
| Surface acid-washing rate | 1/2 cold heading cracking rate | |
| Embodiment 1 | 0.3% | 0.1% |
| Embodiment 2 | 0% | 0% |
| Embodiment 3 | 0.1% | 0% |
| Embodiment 4 | 0% | 0% |
| Comparative example 1 | 7.5% | 6.3% |
| Comparative example 2 | 4.3% | 4.9% |
| Comparative example 3 | 2.2% | 2.8% |
| Comparative example 4 | 1.1% | 1.2% |
From table 1 it follows that prepared by embodiment 1-4It is prepared by size hot-rolled wire rod and comparative example 1-4
'sSize hot-rolled wire rod is compared, and the surface acid-washing cracking breakout of the hot rolling wire of embodiment 1-4 preparation and 1/2 cold-heading are opened
Splitting rate significantly reduces.
In conclusion the heating cycle provided by the invention for eliminating steel billet thermal stress, by carrying out difference to cold base, hot base
Temperature control, and zonal control is carried out along steel billet length direction to bringing-up section and soaking zone, steel billet can be effectively eliminated and heated
Thermal stress in the process, realizes the temperature uniformity consistency of steel billet when entering blooming mill, and heating, in the operation of rolling without heat
Stress, without cracking, plasticity is good.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modification, equivalent replacement or improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of heating process for eliminating steel billet thermal stress, is divided into preheating for billet heating furnace according to steel billet conveying direction
Section, bringing-up section and soaking zone, which is characterized in that each section carries out temperature control, specific temperature control method respectively are as follows:
When steel billet temperature≤100 DEG C, the temperature for controlling the preheating section is 650~700 DEG C；
When steel billet temperature >=500 DEG C, the temperature for controlling the preheating section is 830~880 DEG C；
The bringing-up section and the soaking zone are divided into 3~6 warm areas along steel billet conveying direction respectively and carry out temperature respectively
Control, and the temperature of each warm area is incremented by successively along steel billet conveying direction, wherein the temperature difference of the bringing-up section and the preheating section
It is 150~250 DEG C；The temperature of first soaking zone of the soaking zone is 1080~1120 DEG C, the last one soaking zone and the
The temperature difference of one soaking zone is 35~40 DEG C.
2. as described in claim 1 eliminate steel billet thermal stress heating process, which is characterized in that each area of the soaking zone it
Between, the temperature difference between adjacent two soaking zone is identical.
3. eliminating the heating process of steel billet thermal stress as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the bringing-up section of heating furnace,
The temperature difference of first heating zone and the last one heating zone is 20~25 DEG C.
4. as claimed in claim 3 eliminate steel billet thermal stress heating process, which is characterized in that each area of the bringing-up section it
Between, the temperature difference between adjacent two heating zone is identical.
5. eliminating the heating process of steel billet thermal stress as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that when steel billet temperature≤100 DEG C
When, first Heating Zone Temperature control of the bringing-up section is 850~950 DEG C.
6. eliminating the heating process of steel billet thermal stress as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that when steel billet temperature >=500 DEG C
When, first Heating Zone Temperature control of the bringing-up section is 1000~1030 DEG C.
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